Theoretical Frame Work On Tiv Literature

TITLE PAGE
ANALYSIS OF CULTURE AND TRADITION IN MICHAEL IGWEBUIKE’S TRAGEDY OF
ADATA AND DUL JOHNSON’S DEEPER INTO THE NIGHT
BY
CHIVIR SIMON IORLIAM
BSU/AR/ENG/18/47452
BEING A PROJECT SUBMITED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF
ARTS, BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY, MAKURDI, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE BACHELOR OF ARTS (B.A HONS)
DEGREE IN ENGLISH
APRIL, 2024
Declaration
I, Chivir Simon Iorliam (BSU/AR/ENG/18/47452), hereby declare that, this Research work is an
embodiment of my ideas and research and has not at any time prior to its submission, been presented
for examination in this or any other institution. All sources of information are specifically
acknowledged in this work and in line with the scholarly conduct.
_______________________ ______________________
Chivir Simon Iorliam Date
BSU/AR/ENG/18/47452
Certification
This is to certify that“ Analysis of Culture and Tradition in Michael Igwebuike’s Tragedy of
Adata and Dul Johnson’s Deeper into the Night” has been critically read and approved as meeting
part of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of arts Degree; B.A English in the department of
English, Faculty of Arts, Benue State University, Makurdi
_____________________ __________________
Mr. Za-Ayem Agye Date
Project Supervisor
______________________ __________________
Prof. Philip Sunday Bagu Date
Head, Department of English
____________________ ___________________
Prof. John Ebute Agaba Date
Dean, Faculty of Arts
____________________ ___________________
External Supervisor Date

Dedication
This research work is affectionately dedicated to Almighty God and my lovely parents who
gave me the necessary support throughout the course of this programme.

Acknowledgements
I am highly grateful to God Almighty for his divine guidance and protection over my life.
Lord your name is praised now and forever. I appreciate my project Supervisor Mr. Za-Ayem Agye
who, despite his tight schedules has taken time to give this work a thorough vetting. I am grateful Sir.
I appreciate the Head of Department, Prof. Philip Sunday Bagu, Prof. Abimbola Shittu, Prof.
Mbaiver Leticia Nyitse, Prof. Moses Tsenongu, Prof. Maria Ajima, Prof. David Shim Orjime and
Prof. Mary Ogah Adejoh. Dr Chris Ukande, Dr Terrumun Hembaor Gajir, Dr Nelson Alyebo, Dr
Sarah Shittu, Dr John Wasega, Dr Zayol Meshach Terfa, Dr Terhemba Raphael Tayol, Dr Dorathy
Kenen, Dr. Atouoto Kerker, Dr Mbateren Aorabee, Mr Atese Fabian Gbatoon and Mr Shachia
Oryila. With you all, I can boldly say it was a worthy journey. I must say that you have impacted my
life positively. Tapping from the pool of your knowledge, I have become a useful tool for the society.
I heartily appreciate my parents Mr Apuse Fidelis Iorliam and Mrs Mamnenge Comfort Apuse
for your warm supports, financially and otherwise, I am overwhelmed. In a very special Way I
acknowledged the support of my siblings, Aondotseagh Donald Apuse my elder brother, his wife
Celina Mngusughun Aondotseagh, my elder sister Ngunan Roseline Iorliam, Tordue Ephraim
Iorliam, Doom Vera Iorliam, Mimi Martha Iorliam and my nephew Pera pera Santus Aondotseagh
for your supports, financially, spiritually and otherwise. I say thank you all, I hold you to my heart.
To my friends Iorahii Sughnen Samuel, Kaaseh Ivse Grace (My fiancée), Mfa Akaa (My
Boss), Yankyaa Tordue, Idiir Emmanuel, Kumawuese Shawon, Emmanuel Francis, Orkuma
Christopher, Gonki Kelvin Ordue, Demse Ushahemba and my well wishes Rev. fr. Nathaniel
Mbakor, Mrs Kaaseh Patience Hembafan, Mrs Susan Umah, Miss Kpadoo Iorkyaa and all who
supported me throughout this journey of academic pursuit. May God bless you all.
Abstract
This study is an analysis of Culture and Tradition in Michael Igwebuike Nwaesei’s The Tragedy of
Adata and Dul Johnson’s Deeper into the Night which chronicles the Igbo tradition and Culture. The
study captures their respect and superstitious beliefs in gods and goddess. This research is built on the
fact that man’s life is controlled by his culture and tradition and other spiritual being that are beyond
his comprehension. Using realism as a literary theory, the study posits that literature is the reflection
of society. It presents real events that happen in the society. Thus, establishing that there is a
symbiotic relationship between literature and society. The study concludes that the only means of
keeping African culture is through literature as demonstrated by Michael Nwaesei’s and Dul
Johnson’s a debut novels: Tragedy of Adata and Deeper into the Night respectively.
Table of Contents
Title page i
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Abstract vi
Table of contents vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 5
1.3 Aim and Objectives 6
1.4 Significance of the Study 7
1.5 Scope of the Study 7
1.6 Research methodology 8
1.7 Organization of the Study 8
1.8 Authors Biography 8-9
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Preamble 10
2.2 Conceptual Framework 10
2.3 Igbo worldview 10
2.4 Respect and value for life in Igbo Traditions 14
2.5 Offenses against life and punishments in Igbo traditions 15
2.6 The Igbo Ancestral cult 18
2.7 Review of related literature on Dul Johnson’s Deeper into the Night 19
2.8 Theoretical Framework 25
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Analysis of the Tragedy of Adata 29
3.2 Textual Analysis of Dul Johnson’s Deeper into the Night 40-44
CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
4.1 Preamble 45
4.2 Summary 45
4.3 Conclusion 46
4.4 Recommendations 48
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TITLE PAGE

ANALYSIS OF CULTURE AND TRADITION IN MICHAEL IGWEBUIKE’S TRAGEDY OF

ADATA AND DUL JOHNSON’S DEEPER INTO THE NIGHT

CHIVIR SIMON IORLIAM

BEING A PROJECT SUBMITED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF

ARTS, BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY, MAKURDI, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE BACHELOR OF ARTS (B.A HONS)

acknowledged in this work and in line with the scholarly conduct.

Chivir Simon Iorliam Date

English, Faculty of Arts, Benue State University, Makurdi

Prof. John Ebute Agaba Date

Dean, Faculty of Arts

External Supervisor Date

gave me the necessary support throughout the course of this programme.

Table of contents vii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem 5

1.3 Aim and Objectives 6

1.4 Significance of the Study 7

1.5 Scope of the Study 7

1.6 Research methodology 8

1.7 Organization of the Study 8

1.8 Authors Biography 8-9

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.3 Igbo worldview 10

2.4 Respect and value for life in Igbo Traditions 14

2.5 Offenses against life and punishments in Igbo traditions 15

2.6 The Igbo Ancestral cult 18

2.8 Theoretical Framework 25

3.1 Analysis of the Tragedy of Adata 29

CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

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