Disaster Readiness

and Risk Reduction

Policies of DRRM - The Philippine
DRRM Law RA 10121 and Its
Implementing Rules and Regulations

CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
Disaster Readiness and Risks Reduction
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 19: Policies of DRRM - The Philippine DRRM Law RA 10121 and its
Implementing Rules and Regulations
First Edition, 2021

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 Disaster Readiness
and Risk Reduction
Quarter 2 – Module 19:
Policies of DRRM - The
Philippine DRRM Law RA 10121
and its Implementing Rules
and Regulations
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

In this module, the learner will be able to understand and explain Republic Act
10121: Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act of 2010 and its
Implementing Rules and Regulations

Learning Competency
Explain DRR-related laws and policies. DRR11/12-IIi-j-47
Objective:
By the end of the lesson, the students must be able to
a. Discuss the international and national mandates for Disaster Risk Reduction
Management policies and programs;
b. Understand Republic Act 10121: Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Act of 2010 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations; and
c. Conduct a simple disaster risk assessment in the school or in
the community.

What I Know

Before you proceed to study this module, let’s find out first how much you already
know about the topic.
Direction: Answer the questions below by shading the letter of the best answers on
the answer sheet provided.

1. What is the meaning of the acronym DRRM?

a. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
b. Development Risk Reduction and Management
c. Deduction Risk Reduction and Management
d. Development Risk Reduction and Management

2. What is the meaning of the acronym HFA?

a. Holo Framework for Action
b. Homo Framework for Action
c. Hyogo Framework for Action
d. Hyoto Framework for Action

3. Which of the following Republic Acts is also known as Philippine Disaster

Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010?
a. RA 9729
b. RA 10121
c. RA 10174
d. RA 10533

1 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
4. The following are the bases of DRRM Act except?
a. Asian Preparedness Center
b. Hyoto Framework for Action
c. Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030
d. ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response

5. The following are salient features of the DRRM Act except?

a. Conduct earthquake drills
b. Coherence with international framework
c. Good governance through transparency and accountability
d. Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society
organizations (CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction

6. What does the acronym DOST stand for?

a. Department of Science and Typhoon

b. Department of Science and Tendency
c. Department of Science and Technology
d. Department of Science and Terminology

7. Who are considered as the “frontliners” and “first responders” in every disaster
event?
a. Communities
b. National government
c. Local government units
d. Civil society organizations

8. What do you call a multisectoral body composed of the heads of the different
executive departments of government, government institutions, local
government associations, civil society organizations, and the private sector?
a. Local DRRM offices
b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

9. is composed of the private sector and volunteers.

a. Communities
b. National government
c. Local government units
d. Civil society organizations

10. Whose function is to advise the President of the Philippines’ on the status of
disaster preparedness, prevention, mitigation, response, and rehabilitation
operations?
a. Local DRRM offices
b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

2 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
 11. Who recommends to the President of the Philippines the declaration and
lifting of state of calamity in an area?
a. Local DRRM offices
b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

12. Whose function is to coordinate, integrate, supervise, and evaluate the

activities of the local disaster risk reduction and management councils?
a. Local DRRM offices
b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

13. What percentage shall be allocated as Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-
by fund for relief and recovery programs?
a. 10%
b. 30%
c. 50%
d. 75%

14. Which of the following government agency is NOT part of the NDRRMC?
a. Department of Health
b. Department of Education
c. Civil Service Commission
d. Department of Social Welfare and Development

15. If you were the Barangay Captain in your locality, your tasked is to
cooperate with the DRRM goal in strengthening the capacity of LGUs for
disaster risk reduction and management through decentralized powers,
responsibilities, and resources at the local level in this time of pandemic,
except?

a. Honestly disposed financial assistance of the government to those in

need.
b. Strengthen the coordination with different agencies in the
implementation of IATF guidelines.
c. Strictly implement Health protocols and restrictions issued by IATF
within areas of jurisdictions.
d. Prioritized family members and relatives in giving financial aids from
the local government and give them exemptions in the health protocols.

You may now go to the next page to begin the next lesson.

3 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
 What’s In

On the previous lesson you learned about the necessary items needed for a survival
kit. An emergency kit/first aid kit is very essential in times of disasters. If survival
kits play a vital role in one family in time of disaster, the Philippine government
also plays a vital role in disaster risk reduction and management. Do you remember
the recent eruption of the Taal Volcano that caused a lot of disasters and
calamities? Many human and animal casualties and infrastructure damages affected
the economy, properties, and the lives of millions of Filipino families especially in
the Province of Batangas and nearby provinces. Government agencies show their
combined efforts during the said disaster as well as with the ongoing rehabilitation
in the affected areas. In connection with this, people must know about the different
policies and services that the government provides towards managing disasters. In
this module, you will be able to explain Disaster Risk Reduction related laws
and policies.

Activity 1: You Complete Me!

Direction: Reveal the correct term by filling in the missing letters.
1) It is something that happens suddenly which causes suffering or loss to
many people.
D AS E
2) It is a phenomenon, event, occurrence or human activity that may cause
injury, loss of lives and damage to property and the environment
A A D
3) It is an agency that is responsible in weather forecasting. (acronym)
AG S
4) It is degree to which people and properties are likely to experience hazards.
E OS R
5) It is an agency that is responsible in detecting earthquake and volcanic
eruption. (acronym)
P I OC
6) The birth of this council or agency is responsible in reducing the disaster risk
and enhancing disaster preparedness. (acronym)
N R M C
7) It is an agency that is responsible for the environment. (acronym)
D R
8) It is the way to manage the impact of disaster or losses.
E ER E Y M NA E E T
9) These are the measures that ensure the ability of affected communities and/or
areas to restore
R H BI I T TI N
10) It is the lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of hazards and related
disasters
D AS ER MI I AT N

4 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
Activity 2: Logo Quiz
Direction: Determine the agency that represents the logo given. Select your answer
from the pool of answers in the box.

DENR DOST AFP DepEd DPWH

DILG DOLE DND NDRRMC
DSWD NEDA PNP AFP

Logo Answer

1.
Source: Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://images.app.goo.gl/6yJaw9hEo5Uvym9n8

2.

Source: Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Flaborande
mployment%2F&psig=AOvVaw2CoW_RSBf4wSKu08fquTBY&ust=1591947708829000&sourc
e=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLCSvMWh-ekCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

3.
Source: Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fdpwhph%2F&psig
=AOvVaw18ENwDD3nOpcuMWwIHwZSP&ust=1591947760544000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0
CAIQjRxqFwoTCKD3uOqh-ekCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

5 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
4.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDepartment_
of_Social_Welfare_and_Development&psig=AOvVaw1cwi0V2A4RfFrpendR1suo&ust=159194758716
9000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLiRqoqh-ekCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

5.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://downloads.caraga.dilg.gov.ph/Dis
aster%2520Preparedness/DRRM%2520Act%2520Primer.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjhoKjWt_vpAhUGfXAKH
XgOCmkQFjAAegQIAhAC&usg=AOvVaw2-zuAoxkTAcFybZYTd5A6s

6.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fe n
%2Fthumb%2Fe%2Fe4%2FNDRRMC_logo.svg%2F1200pxNDRRMC_logo.svg.png&imgrefurl=https% 3A
%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3ANDRRMC_logo.svg&tbnid=reP7oSH7L59ZJM&vet=1&
docid=5VRxMEEOPb_p1M&w=1200&h=617&q=ndrrmc%20logo%20png&hl=fil&source=sh%2Fx%2Fi
m

7.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neda.gov.ph%2Fwp- content
%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F08%2Fnedalogo.png&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neda.gov.ph
%2F&tbnid=xNCre0rACGQsDM&vet=1&docid=P9j2uVwxLYu52M&w=414&h=419&q=neda%20logo&
hl=fil&source=sh%2Fx%2Fim

6 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
8.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fc
ommons%2Fthumb%2F6%2F63%2FDepartment_of_National_Defense DND_%2528Philippines%25
29.svg%2F1200px-

9.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Femb.gov.ph%2Fcropped-denr-logo-1-
png%2F&psig=AOvVaw2mAJKIAOpDMFYfgrhb-
Rpz&ust=1591949117359000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLDQyuKm-
ekCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

10.
Retrieved on June 10, 2020 from https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F
%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDepartment_
of_Education_(Philippines)&psig=AOvVaw2gUmPBFo2MxPxLOU7pLai&ust=1591949067765000&sou
rce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCJjW7MmmekCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAL

7 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
 What’s New

Activity 3: One, Two, Three, ACTION

Act that you are a part of the LGU and stakeholder that would make their own
LAWS/ RULES/ POLICIES when disaster strikes specifically a typhoon. What laws,
rules or policies are you going to implement before, during, and after the typhoon?

Law/ Law/ Law/

Rules/ Rules/ Rules/
Act as Policies Policies Policies
Before During After
Typhoon Typhoon Typhoon
1. Simple Resident
2. Social Worker
3. Barangay Chairman
4. Businessman
5. Secretary of National Defense
6. Doctor
7. President

Guide Questions:
1. What are the things you consider in creating laws, rules, or policies before,
during, and after a disaster?

2. Does the position in the community affect the policies, rules, or laws you have
planned to implement?

3. Why is it important to follow a single law or policy in time of a disaster?

8 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
 What is It

Global Policy Frameworks

The Philippine government policies and programs for disaster risk reduction and
management was anchored to Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
2015- 2030, the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015, and ASEAN Agreement
on Disaster Management and Emergency Response. These were formulated to
reduce the risks during a disaster as it gives concrete guides for national
government, local government, organizations, communities, and stakeholders.

Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030

According to National Economic and Development Authority, 2020, this was adopted
by UN member states, including the Philippines, in March 2015. The Sendai
Framework aims to achieve the following outcomes over the next 15 years: the
substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihood, and health and
in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons,
businesses, communities and countries.

Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015

According to International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, Hyogo Framework for
Action 2005-2015 is a world conference on disaster reduction that was held from
January 18-22, 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo Japan. The HFA is a comprehensive, action ‐
oriented response to international concern about the growing impacts of disasters
on individuals, communities & national development. Its goal was to substantially
reduced disaster loses in live and in social, economic and environmental assets of
communities and countries.

ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency

Response
On December 24, 2009, the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and
Emergency Response (AADMER) was ratified by all ten (10) ASEAN member states
that include the Philippines. It focuses on the region’s policy backbone on disaster
management by giving priority to disaster risk reduction, thus enabling a more
proactive regional framework for cooperation, coordination, technical assistance, and
resource mobilization in all aspects of disaster management.

What is the DRRM Act?

According to National Economic and Development Authority, 2020, the Philippine
DRRM Act of 2010 or Republic Act No. 10121 as signed into law on May 27, 2010,
provides the basic policies and coordination mechanism for DRRM through the
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils (DRRMC) at the national,
regional, and local levels. Section 15 of the law specifically indicates the criteria for
identifying the lead DRRMC in “preparing for, responding to and recovering from the
effects of any disaster.”

9 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
Module 19
What are the Salient Features of the DRRM Act?
According to Disaster Risk Reduction Network Philippines, the following are the
salient features of the DRRM Act:
A. Coherence with international framework
B. Adherence to universal norms, principles, and standards of humanitarian
assistance
C. Good governance through transparency and accountability
D. Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM
E. Integrated, coordinated, multi‐sectoral, inter‐agency, and community‐based
approach to disaster risk reduction
F. Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society organizations
(CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction
G. Integration of the DRRM into the educational system
H. Establishment of the DRRM Fund (DRRMF) at the national and local levels
I. Providing for provisions on the declaration of a state of calamity, remedial
measures, prohibited acts and penalties

Who are involved in DRRM as mandated in the DRRM act?

Civil society
Local
National organizations
government Communities
government (CSO), the private
units (LGU)
Sector and
volunteers
It is composed of It is the leading They participate They are
government agency in and involve in all considered as the
departments and preparing for, aspects of DRRM “most vulnerable
agencies with responding to, and from planning to sectors” since they
responsibilities recovering from implementation. can be disaster
related to DRRM the effects of any They also victims and agents
that are disaster. complement and of change at the
constituted as They are enhance the same time. Their
members of the considered as the government’s active and
National DRRM “frontliners” and resources substantial
Council (NDRRMC) “first responders” and participation at
in every disaster efforts in DRRM
event. implementing the coordination is
DRRM act. acknowledged
since they are the
most familiar with
their situation.

National Mandate
Strengthening the disaster risk reduction and management system was anchored to
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 or Republic
Act No. 10121. It is stated in the law that it is the policy of the state to:
1) Uphold the people’s constitutional rights to life and property by addressing
the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country’s
institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and
building the resilience of local communities to disasters including climate
change impacts.

10 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
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2) Adhere to and adopt the universal norms, principles and standards of
humanitarian assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as concrete
expression of the country’s commitment to overcome human sufferings due
to recurring disasters.

3) Incorporate internationally accepted principles of disaster risk management

in the creation and implementation of national, regional, and local sustainable
development and poverty reduction strategies, policies, plans and budgets.

4) Adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach that is holistic,

comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in lessening the socioeconomic
and environmental impacts of disasters including climate change, and
promote the involvement and participation of all sectors and all stakeholders
concerned, at all levels especially the local community.

5) Develop, promote, and implement a comprehensive National Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) that aims to strengthen the
capacity of the national government and the local government units (LGUs),
together with partner stakeholders, to build the disaster resilience of
communities, and to institutionalize arrangements and measures for
reducing disaster risks, including projected climate risks, and enhancing
disaster preparedness and response capabilities at all levels.

6) Adopt and implement a coherent, comprehensive, integrated, efficient and

responsive disaster risk reduction program incorporated in the development
plan at various levels of government adhering to the principles of good
governance such as transparency and accountability within the context of
poverty alleviation and environmental protection.

7) Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change in development

processes such as policy formulation, socioeconomic development planning,
budgeting, and governance, particularly in the areas of environment,
agriculture, water, energy, health, education, poverty reduction, land-use
and urban planning, and public infrastructure and housing, among others.

8) Institutionalize the policies, structures, coordination mechanisms and

programs with continuing budget appropriation on disaster risk reduction
from national down to local levels towards building a disaster-resilient
nation and communities.

9) Mainstream disaster risk reduction into the peace process and conflict
resolution approaches in order to minimize loss of lives and damage to
property, and ensure that communities in conflict zones can immediately go
back to their normal lives during periods of intermittent conflicts.

10) Ensure that disaster risk reduction and climate change measures are gender
responsive, sensitive to indigenous knowledge systems, and respectful of
human rights.

11) Recognize the local risk patterns across the country and strengthen the
capacity of LGUs for disaster risk reduction and management through
decentralized powers, responsibilities, and resources at the regional and
local levels.

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 12) Recognize and strengthen the capacities of LGUs and communities in
mitigating and preparing for, responding to, and recovering from the impact
of disasters.

13) Engage the participation of civil society organizations (CSOs), the private
sector and volunteers in the government’s disaster risk reduction programs
towards complementation of resources and effective delivery of services to the
citizenry.

14) Develop and strengthen the capacities of vulnerable and marginalized groups
to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the effects of disasters.

15) Enhance and implement a program where humanitarian aid workers,

communities, health professionals, government aid agencies, donors, and the
media are educated and trained on how they can actively support
breastfeeding before and during a disaster and/or an emergency.

16) Provide maximum care, assistance and services to individuals and families
affected by disaster, implement emergency rehabilitation projects to lessen the
impact of disaster, and facilitate resumption of normal social and economic
activities.

Structure of the DRRM

Source: Primer on the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Act of 2010 by
DRRNetPhils. Retrieved from June 10, 2020
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http:// downloads.caraga.dilg.gov.ph/Disaster
%2520Preparedness

12 CO_Q2_DRRR SHS
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A. National DRRM Councils
According to National Economic and Development Authority, 2020, the National
DRRMC is designated with policymaking, coordination, integration, supervision,
and monitoring and evaluation functions. It is headed by the Secretary of the
Department of National Defense (DND) as Chairperson, with the Secretary of the
Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) as Vice-Chairperson
for Disaster Preparedness, the Secretary of the Department of Social Welfare
and Development (DSWD) as Vice-Chairperson for Disaster Response, the
Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) as Vice-
Chairperson for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, and the Secretary of the
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) as the Vice-Chairperson
for Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery. Other members include other
government agencies like DOH, DPWH, DepEd and many more.

Functions of the NDRRMC

1. Develop an NDRRM Framework.
2. Create NDRRM Plan (NDRRMP).
3. Advise the President on the status of disaster preparedness, prevention,
mitigation, response and rehabilitation operations. As well as recommend
to the President the declaration of a state of calamity
in areas.
4. Ensure a multi-stakeholder participation.
5. Establish a national early warning and emergency alert system.
6. Develop appropriate risk transfer mechanisms.
7. Monitor the development and enforcement required by this Act.
8. Manage and mobilize resources.
9. Monitor and provide the necessary guidelines and procedures on the Local
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF).
10. Develop assessment tools in coordination with the
Climate Change Commission.
11. Develop vertical and horizontal coordination mechanisms.
12. Formulate a national institutional capability building program.
13. Formulate a national agenda for research and technology development.
14. Formulate and implement a framework for climate change adaptation
and disaster risk reduction and management.
15. Constitute a technical management group.
16. Task the OCD to conduct periodic assessment and performance
monitoring of the member-agencies.
17. Coordinate or oversee the implementation of the country’s obligations
with disaster management treaties.

B. Regional DRRM Councils (RDRRMC)

The Regional DRRM Councils (RDRRMC) is the regional arm of NDRRMC. They
are responsible for coordinating, integrating, supervising and evaluating DRRM
activities of the Local DRRM Councils. It is headed by the Regional Director of
the Office of Civil Defense (OCD).
Functions of the RDRRMC
1. Coordinate, integrate, supervise, and evaluate the activities of
the LDRRMC.
2. Ensuring disaster sensitive regional development plans.
3. Establish an operating facility to be known as the Regional Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Operations Center (RDRRMC).

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C. Local DRRM Councils (LDRRMC)
The Local DRRM Councils shall be known as Provincial or Municipality Disaster
Coordinating Councils. The Barangay Development Council (BDC) shall
undertake the powers and functions of the council at the barangay level. It is
composed of multi‐sectoral and multi‐agency members. LDRRMCs oversee the
implementation of the Local DRRM Plans (LDRRMPs) formulated by Local DRRM
Offices (LDRRMOs).

Functions of the LDRRMCS

1. Approve, monitor and evaluate the implementation of the LDRRMPs.
2. Ensure the integration of DRR and climate change adaptation.
3. Implementation of forced or preemptive evacuation.
4. Convene the local council.

D. Local DRRM Offices (LDRRMO)

LDRRMOs are established in every province under the office of the Governor, city
under the office of the City Mayor, municipality under the office of the
municipality mayor and Barangay DRRM Committees (BDRRMC) for the
barangay level, headed by Barangay Chairman. Local DRRM Offices sets the
direction, development, implementation and coordination of DRRM programs and
activities within their territorial jurisdictions.

Functions of the LDRRMO

1. Set the direction, development and implementation of DRRM programs.
2. Design, program and coordinate DRRM Programs to NDRRMC.
3. Facilitate and support risk assessment and contingency plan.
4. Consolidate local disaster risk information.
5. Organize and conduct trainings.
6. Operate a multi hazard early warning system.
7. Formulate and implement a comprehensive LDRRMP.
8. Prepare and submit to the Local Sanggunian.
9. Conduct continuous disaster monitoring.
10. Identify, assess and manage hazard vulnerabilities and risk.
11. Disseminate information and raise public awareness.
12. Identify and implement cost effective risk reduction measures/strategies.
13. Maintain database of human resources, equipment, directories and
location of critical infrastructure.
14. Develop partnership with the private sectors, CSOs and volunteer groups.
15. Take all necessary steps on continuing the provision.
16. Organize, equip, train, and supervise local emergency team.
17. Respond and manage the adverse effects of emergencies and carried out
recovery activities.
18. Promote and raise public awareness and compliance with the act.
19. Serve as secretariat and executive arm of LRRMC.
20. Coordinate with DRRM activities.
21. Establish network with LGU.
22. Recommend the enhancement of local ordinance related to the act.
23. Implement policies, approved plans, and program of LRRMC.
24. Establish Provincial/City/Municipality/Barangay operation center.
25. Prepare and submit report on utilization of LDRRM Fund.
26. Act on other matter that authorized by LDRRMC.

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Disaster Volunteers
According to Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) of RA 1012, the following are
the features of disaster volunteers.
1. Their mobilization may be undertaken by
a. government agencies
b. civil service organizations
c. private sector, and local government units.
2. Their enhancement, welfare, and protection will be the responsibility of:
a. agencies
b. civil service organizations
c. private sector, or
d. Local government unit which assembled them.
3. Their accreditation and inclusion in the database are done at municipal
or city level.
4. They will follow the guidelines set by the NDRRMC.
5. They are entitled to compensatory benefits and insurance under
the guidelines.

Education and Training

According to Implementing Rules and Regulation (IRR) of RA 10121, education and
training is ruled to:
1. Integrate in the school curricula of DRR education for both of secondary and
tertiary level of education including National Service Training Program (NSTP)
whether private or public or formal and non-formal, technical-vocational,
indigenous learning, and out of school youth courses and programs.
2. Encourage the youth to participate in DRRM activities headed by SK councils
together with the DRRMCs.
3. Impose trainings to the public sector employees that focus on emergency
response and preparedness.

Coordination Using Emergencies

City/
Provincial Regional
BDC Municipality NDRRMC
DRRMC DRRMC
DRRMC
Affected:
One 2 or more 2 or more 2 or more 2 or more
barangay barangays cities/ provinces regions
municipality
Note: NDRRMC and LDRRMCs support LGUs which have primary responsibility as
first disaster responders.

Declaration of State of Calamity

According to IRR of RA 10121, it is ruled that
A. Declaration and lifting of state of calamity by the President
- It shall be recommended by National Council.
- It can be a cluster of barangays, municipalities, cities, provinces,
and regions.
- International humanitarian assistance may be necessary.
B. Declaration and lifting of state of calamity by Local Sanggunian
- It is issued based on the recommendation of the LDRRMC
- It is based on the result of the damage assessment.

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Remedial Measures
According to IRR of RA 10121, it is ruled that the member agencies must mandatorily
undertake the following remedial measure when the state of calamity was declared:
a. Imposition of price ceiling on basic necessities and prime commodities as
recommended by implementing agency to the President.
b. Local Price Coordination Council shall monitor, prevent and control
overpricing/profiteering and hoarding of prime commodities, medicines and
petroleum products.
c. Programming/reprogramming of funds for the repair and safety upgrading of
public infrastructures and facilities.
d. Granting of no-interest loans by government financing or lending institutions
to the most affected section of the population.

Prohibited Acts
According to IRR of RA 10121 the following are the prohibited acts during the
declaration of state of calamity:
1. Dereliction of duties which leads to destruction, loss of lives, critical damage
of facilities and misuse of funds
2. Preventing the entry and distribution of relief goods in disaster stricken
areas, including appropriate technology, tools, equipment, accessories,
disaster teams/experts
3. Buying, for consumption or resale, from disaster relief agencies any relief
goods, equipment or other and commodities which are intended for
distribution to disaster affected communities
4. Buying, for consumption or resale, from the recipient disaster affected
persons any relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities received by
them.
5. Selling of relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities which are
intended for distribution to disaster victims
6. Forcibly seizing relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities intended
for or consigned to a specific group of victims or relief agency
7. Diverting of relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities to persons
other than the rightful recipient or consignee
8. Accepting, possessing, using or disposing relief goods, equipment or other
aid commodities not intended for nor consigned to him/her
9. Misrepresenting the source of relief goods, equipment or other aid
commodities by:
a. Covering, replacing or defacing the labels of the containers to make it
appear that the goods, equipment or other aid commodities came from
another agency or persons;
b. Repacking the goods, equipment or other aid commodities into
containers with different markings to make it appear that the goods
came from another agency or persons or was released upon the
instance of a particular agency or persons; and
c. Making false verbal claim that the goods, equipment or other aid
commodity in its untampered original containers actually came from
another agency or persons or was released upon the instance of a
particular agency or persons.
10. Substituting or replacing relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities
with the same items or inferior/cheaper quality. Illegal solicitations by
persons or organizations representing others as defined in the standards
and guidelines set by the NDRRMC

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 11. Deliberate use of false at inflated data in support of the request for funding,
relief goods, equipment or other aid commodities for emergency assistance
or livelihood projects
12. Tampering with or stealing hazard monitoring and disaster preparedness
equipment and paraphernalia

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Funds

1. According to IRR of RA 10121 LDRRM Fund must be not less than 5% of
estimated revenue from regular sources shall be set aside to support disaster
risk management activities such as, but not limited to, pre-disaster
preparedness programs (training, purchasing life-saving rescue equipment,
supplies and medicines) and post-disaster activities.
2. It is the duty of the LDRRMC to monitor and evaluate the use and
disbursement of the LDRRMF.
3. Upon the recommendation of the LDRRMO and approval of Sanggunian
concerned, it may transfer the said fund to support disaster risk reduction
work of other LDRRMCs which are declared under state of calamity by the
LDRRMC.
4. Quick Response Fund - Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-by fund is
amounting to Thirty percent (30%) of LDRRMF, that is allocated for relief and
recovery programs.
5. Special Trust Fund – unused LDRRMF shall be converted to trust fund for the
purpose of DRRM activities of the LDRRMC within the next five years. Any
such amount that is not fully utilized after 5 years shall be return to the
general fund and can be made available for other social services by the local
Sanggunian.
6. LRRMC shall make its reports on utilization of LRRMF open to public by
publication and posting.

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Funds

1. According to IRR of RA 10121, NDDRM fund should be used for disaster risk
reduction or mitigation, prevention, and preparedness activities. It can be
utilized for relief, recovery, reconstruction and other work or service in
connection with natural or human- induced calamities that may occur during
the budget year or in the past 2 years from the budget year.
2. NDRRM fund amount and the recipient agencies and/or LGUs are based on
the approval of President with the recommendation of NDDRMC.
3. Quick Response Fund - Thirty percent (30%) from the NDRRM Fund shall be
allocated as Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-by fund to the agencies
identifies by NDRRMC. It will be used for relief and recovery programs in
order that situation and living conditions of people in communities or areas
stricken by disasters, calamities, epidemics, or complex emergencies, may be
normalized as quickly as possible.
4. All departments, bureaus, offices and agencies of the government shall
submit their monthly statements on the utilization of the funds.
5. All departments, bureaus, offices and agencies of the government are hereby
authorized to use a portion of their appropriations to implement projects
designed to address DRRM activities in accordance with the guidelines to be
issued by the NDRRMC in coordination with the DBM.

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Funding of the Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
OCD as the lead agency to carry out the provisions of the act, shall be allocated a
budget of one billion pesos (Php1,000,000,000.00) revolving fund.

NDRMM Plan 2011-2028

It sets that expected outcomes, outputs, key activities, indicators, lead agencies,
implementing partners, and timelines under each of the four mutually reinforcing
thematic areas of:
1. disaster prevention and mitigation; 3. disaster response; and
2. disaster preparedness; 4. disaster rehabilitation and recovery

Disaster Disaster
Prevention and Rehabilitation and
Mitigation Recovery
Overall Responsible Overall Responsible
Agency: DOST Agency: NEDA

Avoid hazards and Restore and improve

mitigate their facilities, livelihood
potential impacts by and living conditions
reducing and organizational
vulnerabilities and capacities of affected
exposure and communities, and
enhancing capacities reduced disaster risks
of communities in accordance with the
Safer, adaptive and
“building back better”
disaster resilient principle
Filipino communities
Towards sustainable
development

Disaster
Preparedness Disaster Response
Overall Responsible Overall Responsible
Agency: DILG Agency:DSWD

Establish and Provide life

strengthen capacities preservation and meet
of communities to the basic subsistence
anticipate, cope and needs of affected
recover from the population based on
negative impacts of acceptable standards
emergency occurrences during of immediately
and disasters after a disaster

“Safer, adaptive, and disaster resilient Filipino communities toward sustainable

development” is the vision of NDRRM plan (NDRRMP). All priority areas correspond
to the structure of the NDRRMC. In addition, NDRRMP hopes to achieve its objectives
through the utilization and application of each government agency’s own expertise
and capacities. Each priority area is managed and monitored by certain government
agencies to meet the objectives of the NDRRMP.”

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 Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Overall
DOST
Responsible Agency:
Goal Avoid hazards and mitigate their potential impacts by
reducing vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing
capacities of communities.
1. Reduce vulnerability and exposure to communities to
Objectives
hazard.
2. Enhance capacities of communities to reduce their
own risk and cope with impact of all hazards.
1. DRRM and CCA mainstreamed and integrated in
national, sectoral, regional, and local development
Outcomes
policies, plans and budget
2. DRRM- and CCA-sensitive environmental
management
3. Increased resiliency of infrastructure system
4. Enhanced and effective community-based scientific
DRRM and CCA assessment, mapping, analysis and
monitoring
5. Communities’ access to effective and applicable
disaster risk financing and insurance
6. Establishment and/or improvement of end-to-end
monitoring (monitoring response), forecasting

Disaster Preparedness
Overall
DILG
Responsible Agency:
Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to
Goal
anticipate, cope and recover from the negative impacts
of emergency occurrences and disasters.
1. Increase level of awareness and enhance capacity of
the community to the threats and impact of all
Objectives
hazards.
2. Improve necessary skills training and capability
building of communities to cope with impacts of
disasters.
1. Increased DRRM and CCA capacity of local DRRM
Outcomes
council, offices, and operation centers at all levels.
2. Developed and implemented comprehensive
national and local preparedness and response
policies, plans, and system.
3. Strengthened partnership and coordination among
all key players and stakeholders.

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 Disaster Response
Overall
DSWD
Responsible Agency:
Provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence
Goal
needs of affected population based on acceptable
standards during of immediately after a disaster.
1. To decrease the number of preventable deaths and
Objectives
injuries
2. To provide basic subsistence needs of affected
population; and
3. To immediate restore basic social services
1. Well-established disaster response operations
Outcomes 2. Adequate and prompt assessment of
needs and damages
3. Integrated and coordinated search, rescue, and
retrieval (SRR) capacity
4. Safe and timely evacuation of affected communities
5. Basic social services provided to affected population
6. Psychological needs of affected population addressed
7. Implemented a coordination, integration system for
early recovery

Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery

Overall
NEDA
Responsible Agency:
Goal Restore and improve facilities, livelihood and living
conditions and organizational capacities of affected
communities, and reduced disaster risks in accordance
with the “building back better” principle.
Objectives 1. Restore people’s means of livelihood and continuity
of economic activities
2. Restore shelter and other buildings
3. Reconstruct infrastructure and other public utilities
4. Assist in the physical and psychological
rehabilitation

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Outcomes 1. Assessment of damages, losses, and needs
2. Economic activities restored and, if possible,
strengthened or expanded
3. Rebuilt or repaired of houses to be more resilient to
hazard events
4. Disaster and climate change-resilient infrastructure
constructed/ reconstructed
5. A psychologically sound, safe, and secured citizenry
restored to normal functioning after each disaster
6. In all its operations, the NDRRMC will contribute
and promote gender- responsive and rights-based
sustainable development.
Source: NDRRMC, 2011

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 What’s More

Activity No 5: Agencies General Role in DRRM

Give the meanings of the following acronyms and general roles of agency in DRRM.
Name of Agency Meaning General Role in DRRM
1. NDRRMC
2. OCD
3. DOST
4. DWSD
5. DILG
6. NEDA
7. LDRRMC
8. LDRRMO
9. BDRRMC
10. DND

Guide Question:
Why was DND Secretary designated as chairperson of NDRRMC? Can other
government cabinet secretaries handle this task? Why or why not?

Activity No 6: Agency Responsibility

Directions: Write in the space provided the Lead Agencies that are responsible for
the rehabilitation of the given scenarios.
Agency
Scenario
Responsible
1. Blocked roads due to landslide in Bicol caused by heavy rain
2. Earthquake strikes Leyte
3. Evacuation caused by Taal eruption
4. Fires started burning houses in one barangay of Calamba
5. Forest fire started in Mount Makiling
6. Deforested mountain in Batulao due to illegal mining and
logging
7. Oil Spill happen on the Laguna de Bay
8. A typhoon strikes the whole province of Bicol
9. Pandemic strikes in whole Luzon. Children were get
hospitalized suffering from “tigdas”.
10. Terrorism attack in Mindanao

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 What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks

1. The policies and programs of the Philippines government on DRRM is
anchored to the three international principles:
a.
b.
c.

2. Republic Act No. 10121 is also known as .

3. The following are involved in DRRM as mandated in the DRRM Act.

a.
b.
c.
d.

4. NDRMM PLAN 2011-2028, thematic areas:

a.
b.
c.
d.

5. Give at least 3 prohibited acts in RA 10121.

a.
b.
c.

6. Give at least one function of the following:

a. NDRRMC:
b. RDRRMC:
c. LDRRMC:
d. NDRRMO:
e. BDRRMC:

7. Complete the following phrases with ideas you have gained from this lesson.
a. I learned that .
b. I realized that .
c. I hope to learn more on .
d. I am having difficulty on .

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 What I Can Do

Activity No 9: Advocacy
1. Explain why it is important to have access to accurate and quality disaster
related information.

2. As DRRM advocate, what are the things that you can do to make your family
or community more prepared for disaster?

3. NDRRMC is completing its plans toward a resilient community. As a disaster

advocate student, what are the things that you can contribute to its success?

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 Assessment

Direction: Answer the questions below by shading the letter of the best answers on
answer sheet provided.

1. What is the meaning of the acronym DRRM?

a. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

b. Development Risk Reduction and Management
c. Deduction Risk Reduction and Management
d. Development Risk Reduction and Management

2. What is the meaning of the acronym HFA?

a. Holo Framework for Action

b. Homo Framework for Action
c. Hyogo Framework for Action
d. Hyoto Framework for Action

3. Which of the following Republic Acts is also known Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010?

a. RA 9729
b. RA 10121
c. RA 10174
d. RA 10533

4. The following are the bases of DRRM Act except?

a. Asian Preparedness Center

b. Hyoto Framework for Action
c. Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030
d. ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response

5. The following are salient features of the DRRM Act except?

a. Conduct earthquake drills
b. Coherence with international framework
c. Good governance through transparency and accountability
d. Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society
organizations (CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction

6. What does the acronym DOST stand for?

a. Department of Science and Typhoon

b. Department of Science and Tendency
c. Department of Science and Technology
d. Department of Science and Terminology

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7. Who are considered as the “frontliners” and “first responders” in every disaster
event?
a. Communities
b. National government
c. Local government units
d. Civil society organizations

8. It is multisectoral body composed of the heads of the different executive

departments of government, government institutions, local government
associations, civil society organizations, and the private sector.

a. Local DRRM offices

b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

9. It is composed of the private sector and volunteers.

a. Communities
b. National government
c. Local government units
d. Civil society organizations

10. One of its functions is to advise the President on the status of disaster
preparedness, prevention, mitigation, response and rehabilitation operations.

a. Local DRRM offices

b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

11. It recommends the President of the Philippines the declaration and lifting of
state of calamity in an area.

a. Local DRRM offices

b. Local DRRM councils
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM councils

12. It coordinates, integrates, supervises, and evaluates the activities the local
disaster risk reduction and management councils

a. Local DRRM office

b. Local DRRM council
c. National DRRM council
d. Regional DRRM council

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13. What percentage shall be allocated as Quick Response Fund (QRF) or stand-
by fund for relief and recovery programs?

a. 10%
b. 30%
c. 50 %
d. 75 %

14. Which of the following government agency is NOT part of the NDRRMC?
a. Department of Health
b. Department of Education
c. Civil Service Commission
d. Department of Social Welfare and Development

15. If you were the Barangay Captain in your locality, your tasked is to
cooperate with the DRRM goal in strengthening the capacity of LGUs for
disaster risk reduction and management through decentralized powers,
responsibilities, and resources at the local level in this time of pandemic,
except?

a. Honestly disposed financial assistance of the government to those in

need.
b. Strengthen the coordination with different agencies in the
implementation of IATF guidelines.
c. Strictly implement Health protocols and restrictions issued by IATF
within areas of jurisdictions.
d. Prioritized family members and relatives in giving financial aids
from the local government and give them exemptions in the
health protocols.

Take your time 

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 Additional Activities

Activity 10: Program Proposal

1. Propose workshop topics that will be discussed by the NDRRMC in your
community. Use the given format for your proposal.

I. Title of the Program

II. Objectives
III. List of Activities

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