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    Similarities Between Plato and Aristotle

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    The document describes the similarities and differences between Plato and Aristotle in various philosophical aspects. Both founded schools in Athens and agreed that the human being is composed of body and soul. However, Plato believed in two separate worlds while Aristotle believed in one material world. Other differences include their views on politics, anthropology, ethics, and epistemology.

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    Similarities Between Plato and Aristotle

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    The document describes the similarities and differences between Plato and Aristotle in various philosophical aspects. Both founded schools in Athens and agreed that the human being is composed of body and soul. However, Plato believed in two separate worlds while Aristotle believed in one material world. Other differences include their views on politics, anthropology, ethics, and epistemology.

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    The document describes the similarities and differences between Plato and Aristotle in various philosophical aspects. Both founded schools in Athens and agreed that the human being is composed of body and soul. However, Plato believed in two separate worlds while Aristotle believed in one material world. Other differences include their views on politics, anthropology, ethics, and epistemology.

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    The document describes the similarities and differences between Plato and Aristotle in various philosophical aspects. Both founded schools in Athens and agreed that the human being is composed of body and soul. However, Plato believed in two separate worlds while Aristotle believed in one material world. Other differences include their views on politics, anthropology, ethics, and epistemology.

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    13 views8 pages

    Similarities Between Plato and Aristotle

    Uploaded by

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    The document describes the similarities and differences between Plato and Aristotle in various philosophical aspects. Both founded schools in Athens and agreed that the human being is composed of body and soul. However, Plato believed in two separate worlds while Aristotle believed in one material world. Other differences include their views on politics, anthropology, ethics, and epistemology.

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    of 8

    1.

    SIMILARITIES BETWEEN PLATO AND ARISTOTLE

    Plato was a disciple of Socrates for twenty years until his teacher's death in 387; while

    Aristotle at the age of seventeen in the year 367 became a disciple of Plato and studied at his

    Academy.

    After his return to Athens in 387 Plato founded the Academy, this is the precedent and

    model of modern university institutions; In the year 334, Aristotle, with the company of

    Theophrastus, founded the Lyceum in Athens, a pedagogical institution that competed for years

    with the Platonic Academy.

    Plato left around 42 written works known as Dialogues for the use of dialogue for the

    exposition of a philosophical thought, in turn Aristotle wrote some popular books, of which only

    47 remain and are preserved as fragments or notes.

    1.1. Political Similarities between Plato and Aristotle

    Human beings by nature are social beings and the only way to reach an ideal or perfect

    state is through grouping and community work.

    1.2. Anthropological Similarities between Plato and Aristotle


    The only relationship between Plato and Aristotle in this regard is that both affirm the

    existence of a body and a soul that the human being possesses.

    1.3. Ontological Similarities between Plato and Aristotle.

    Both Plato and Aristotle explain reality through worlds. Plato believes that there are two

    worlds and Aristotle believes that there is only one.

    1.4. Ethical Similarities between Plato and Aristotle

    Plato and Aristotle agree that the highest virtues are the intellectual ones and these refer

    to the dianoetic virtues: wisdom and prudence. When human beings act in accordance with these

    virtues, they achieve happiness.

    1.5. Epistemological Similarities between Plato and Aristotle

    The two philosophers thought that the soul had three parts and that it belonged to the

    intelligible world.
    2. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATO AND ARISTOTLE

    The Greek philosopher Plato received this nickname for his corpulence because in his

    youth he was an athlete, his real name is Aristocles; while Aristotle was known by his real name.

    Plato was born in 427 BC in Athens, this being a citizen with political rights; Aristotle

    was born in 384 BC In Stagira, a small Macedonian town near Mount Athos, due to his

    nationality he was known as the Stagirite, which in the Athenian social structure refers to a

    Metech and he did not have political rights.

    Plato's thought was influenced by Socratic thought; while the orientation of Aristotle's

    thought takes different paths and he builds a system opposite in many aspects to that of his

    teacher.

    The philosophical method occupied by Plato is the Dialectic in which different ideas

    could be debated, persuaded and reasoned to reach the knowledge of the truth. Aristotle in turn

    occupied the Peripatetics which was based on walking while teaching and doing philosophy.
    Plato occupied an Idealist philosophical current in which he maintains that ideas are the real

    world; Aristotle, for his part, proposes a Realist philosophical movement where he assures that

    the real world is the one we know and must be studied scientifically.

    2.1. Political Differences between Plato and Aristotle

    For Plato, the ideal society is one in which each class fulfills the function that

    corresponds to the part of the soul that they have. There will be three social classes, starting with

    the lowest: Producers, guardians and rulers and philosophers, while for Aristotle in the nature of

    all things there is a tendency to achieve perfection, but a human alone cannot achieve it, that is

    why groups with others forming societies. The purpose of Aristotle's society is to achieve the

    good of free citizens, which is reduced to achieving the good of a particular class, since for

    Aristotle the people who had to work were not free.

    2.2. Anthropological Differences between Plato and Aristotle

    Plato divides man into two absolutely different things, the soul and the body. Between

    them there is a union (dualism) that is merely accidental, causal and, so to speak, unnatural, since

    the body represses the soul. Aristotle, on the other hand, defines that there is a substantial union

    between the two since if one were missing, the essence of what man is would not exist. The body

    acts as matter while the soul is the essence of it.


    2.3. Ontological Differences between Plato and Aristotle

    Plato starts from the following statement, there are two worlds, one imperfect and

    material, the sensible world (it is accessed through the senses) and another immaterial and

    perfect, the intelligible world (it is accessed through reason). Aristotle thinks that there is only

    one world, the sensible one. This world is full of material things with a "form" found in them.

    But his thinking is not very distant from Plato's. Aristotle thought that forms exist with

    individuals, but do not disappear with their death. He also defended the existence of the

    Unmoved Mover, which does not belong to the sensible and represents the most real and

    permanent entity that exists, like Plato's Idea of Good.

    2.4. Ethical Differences between Plato and Aristotle

    Plato thinks that a person who comes to know the idea of good is a wise person. A wise

    person will be a virtuous person, and since the maximum virtue is justice, he will also be a just

    person. To be just, one must manage to dominate the irascible and concupiscible parts of the soul

    through reason, making them reach strength and temperance respectively, and thus reaching a

    state of harmony between the three parts; In turn, Aristotle thinks that to be happy you must

    exercise intellectual and ethical virtues, using reason in your actions to moderate vices and

    customs.
    2.5. Epistemological Differences between Plato and Aristotle

    Plato considers that in man there are three types of soul: Rational, Irascible and

    Concupiscible; Aristotle considers that all living beings have a soul and that it fulfills three

    functions: Vegetative, Sensitive and Rational (spiritual).


    Bibliography

    Political Theory of Plato and Aristotle (sf). Political Theory of Plato and Aristotle.

    politacav5 advanced. Obtained from: https://sites.google.com/site/politacav5avanzada/politica

    Bonilla, J. (November 5, 2015). Ontology of Plato and Aristotle. Prezi. Retrieved from:

    https://prezi.com/zlew2uwsfntd/ontologia-de-platon-y-aristoteles/

    Javier. (September 28, 2011). Epistemology of Plato and Aristotle. Studio Library.

    Obtained from: https://www.estudioteca.net/bachillerato/filosofia/platon-ontologia-

    epistemologia-antropologia-y-politica/

    Garcia. M. (February 18, 2016). Differences and similarities between Plato and Aristotle.

    Blogspot. Obtained from: http://historiaysistemaspsic2.blogspot.com/2016/02/entre-los-

    filosofos-platon-y-aristoteles.html

    Comparative tables between Aristotle and Plato: Synoptic tables and images.

    Comparative Table. Obtained from: https://cuadrocomparativo.org/cuadros-comparativos-entre-

    aristoteles-y-platon-cuadros-sinopticos-e-imagenes/
    Sergio, Z. (November 23, 2009). Plato-Aristotle differences. SCRIBD. Obtained from:

    https://es.scribd.com/doc/22981899/differencesde-platon-aristoteles .

    Elias, P. (December 5, 2014). Plato-Aristotle relationship. Prezi. Obtained from

    https://prezi.com/73lepaqtuazr/relacion-platon-aristoteles/

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