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Genetic Algorithm

Genetic algorithms are heuristic optimization algorithms inspired by Darwin's theory of evolution. They use techniques like mutation, crossover, and selection to evolve solutions to problems by starting with a random population and iteratively selecting better solutions. Genetic algorithms represent potential solutions as strings and evaluate them using a fitness function to select parents for reproduction and generate new potential solutions.

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Jerald Roy
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5 views

Genetic Algorithm

Genetic algorithms are heuristic optimization algorithms inspired by Darwin's theory of evolution. They use techniques like mutation, crossover, and selection to evolve solutions to problems by starting with a random population and iteratively selecting better solutions. Genetic algorithms represent potential solutions as strings and evaluate them using a fitness function to select parents for reproduction and generate new potential solutions.

Uploaded by

Jerald Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Genetic Algorithm-

In Artificial Intelligence,

 Genetic Algorithm is one of the heuristic algorithms.


 They are used to solve optimization problems.
 They are inspired by Darwin’s Theory of Evolution.
 They are an intelligent exploitation of a random search.
 Although randomized, Genetic Algorithms are by no means random.

Algorithm-

Genetic Algorithm works in the following steps-

Step-01:

 Randomly generate a set of possible solutions to a problem.


 Represent each solution as a fixed length character string.

Step-02:

Using a fitness function, test each possible solution against the problem to evaluate them.

Step-03:

 Keep the best solutions.


 Use best solutions to generate new possible solutions.

Step-04:
 Either an acceptable solution is found
 Or until the algorithm has completed its iterations through a given number of cycles /
generations.

Basic Operators-

The basic operators of Genetic Algorithm are-

1. Selection (Reproduction)-

 It is the first operator applied on the population.


 It selects the chromosomes from the population of parents to cross over and produce
offspring.
 It is based on evolution theory of “Survival of the fittest” given by Darwin.

There are many techniques for reproduction or selection operator such as-

 Tournament selection
 Ranked position selection
 Steady state selection etc.

2. Cross Over-

 Population gets enriched with better individuals after reproduction phase.


 Then crossover operator is applied to the mating pool to create better strings.
 Crossover operator makes clones of good strings but does not create new ones.
 By recombining good individuals, the process is likely to create even better
individuals.

3. Mutation-

 Mutation is a background operator.


 Mutation of a bit includes flipping it by changing 0 to 1 and vice-versa.
 After crossover, the mutation operator subjects the strings to mutation.
 It facilitates a sudden change in a gene within a chromosome.
 Thus, it allows the algorithm to see for the solution far away from the current ones.
 It guarantees that the search algorithm is not trapped on a local optimum.
 Its purpose is to prevent premature convergence and maintain diversity within the
population.

Flow Chart-

The following flowchart represents how a genetic algorithm works-


Advantages-

Genetic Algorithms offer the following advantages-

Point-01:

 Genetic Algorithms are better than conventional AI.


 This is because they are more robust.

Point-02:

 They do not break easily unlike older AI systems.


 They do not break easily even in the presence of reasonable noise or if the inputs get
change slightly.

Point-03:

While performing search in multi modal state-space or large state-space,

 Genetic algorithms has significant benefits over other typical search optimization
techniques.

To gain better understanding about Genetic Algorithm & its Working,

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