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1 A car driver needs to remove one of the wheels on his car. He puts a spanner on a wheel nut.

The driver releases a second wheel nut in a shorter time than the first wheel nut. The driver uses
the same amount of energy in releasing both wheel nuts.

less than the same as greater than

Complete the sentences using the phrases in the box. Each phrase may be used once, more than
once or not at all.

The work done in releasing the second wheel nut is ............................................... the work done
in releasing the first wheel nut.

The power produced in releasing the second wheel nut is ............................................... the power
produced in releasing the first wheel nut. [2]

[Total: 2]
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2 Electrical energy is provided to homes and industry from a coal-fired power station.

The main stages in the operation of a coal-fired power station are listed below.

They are not in the correct order.

A The boiler produces steam.

B The turbine turns a generator.
C Thermal energy transfers to water in a boiler.
D Chemical energy in coal transfers to thermal energy.
E The generator produces electrical energy.
F Steam turns a turbine.
G Coal burns in a furnace.

Complete the flow chart to describe how a coal-fired power station works.

Insert the missing letters in the empty boxes.

[3]

[Total: 3]
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3 The diagram shows three horizontal forces acting on a car as it moves along a straight road.

The horizontal forces act along the same straight line.

The driver presses the brake pedal and the car slows down.
As the car slows down, the kinetic energy of the car decreases by 100 kJ.

Describe and explain what happens to this 100 kJ of energy.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

4 Here are descriptions of four situations.

Indicate the situations in which work is done.

Put a tick (✓) in each correct box.

A child is sitting at the top of the stairs.

A picture is hanging on a wall.

A student is stretching a spring.

A person is moving a chair.

[1]

[Total: 1]

5 A vertical tube contains a liquid. A metal ball is held at rest by a thread just below the surface of
the liquid, as shown in the diagram.
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(not to scale)

The diameter of the tube is much greater than the diameter of the ball.

The metal ball is released.

The metal ball has a mass of 2.1 g. It falls a distance of 0.80 m between being released and reaching
the bottom of the tube.

(a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy transferred from the ball as it falls.

gravitational potential energy transferred = .............................................. [2]

(b) When the ball reaches the bottom of the tube, it has a speed of 1.2 m / s. Calculate the kinetic
energy of the ball at the bottom of the tube.

kinetic energy = .............................................. [3]

(c) Explain why the value calculated in (a) is different from that calculated in (b).

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
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[Total: 6]

6 The diagram shows an archer pulling the string of a bow.

State the type of energy stored in the bow when the archer bends it as shown in the diagram.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

7 A solar panel receives energy from the Sun and the thermal energy is transferred from the solar
panel to water.

State and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of heating the water in a solar panel
compared with heating the water in a coal-burning boiler.

advantage.................................................................................................................................

explanation................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

disadvantage.............................................................................................................................

explanation................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]