Israel-Palestine Issue

Israel-Palestine Issue
 Introduction
“Israel must be taught a ‘lesson’” Erdogan
Historical Background
 Britain took control of the area known as Palestine after the ruler of that part of the
Middle East, the Ottoman Empire, was defeated in WW1.
 The land was inhabited by a Jewish minority and Arab majority.
 Tensions between the two peoples grew when the international community gave Britain
the task of establishing a "national home" in Palestine for Jewish people.
 For Jews, it was their ancestral home, but Palestinian Arabs also claimed the land and
opposed the move.
 Between the 1920s and 40s, the number of Jews arriving there grew, with many fleeing
from persecution in Europe and seeking a homeland after the Holocaust of WWII.
 Violence between Jews and Arabs, and against British rule, also grew.
 Relation of Israel with Arab countries and other nations. State of Israel would not have
sustained, had it not been diplomatically, economically, politically, morally supported by the
USA.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict dates back to the end of the nineteenth century. In
1947, the United Nations adopted Resolution 181, known as the Partition Plan,
which sought to divide the British Mandate of Palestine into Arab and Jewish states.
On May 14, 1948, the State of Israel was created, sparking the first Arab-Israeli War.
The war ended in 1949 with Israel’s victory, but 750,000 Palestinians were displaced
and the territory was divided into 3 parts: the State of Israel, the West Bank (of the
Jordan River), and the Gaza Strip.
Over the following years, tensions rose in the region, particularly between Israel
and Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. Following the 1956 Suez Crisis and Israel’s invasion of
the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, Jordan, and Syria signed mutual defense pacts in
anticipation of a possible mobilization of Israel troops. In June 1967, following a
series of maneuvers by Egyptian President Abdel Gamal Nasser, Israel preemptively
attacked Egyptian and Syrian air forces, starting the Six-Day War. After the war,
Israel gained territorial control over the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza Strip from Egypt;
the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan; and the Golan Heights from Syria.
Six years later, in what is referred to as the Yom Kippur War or the October War,
Egypt and Syria launched a surprise two-front attack on Israel to regain their lost
territory; the conflict did not result in significant gains for Egypt, Israel, or Syria, but
Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat declared the war a victory for Egypt as it allowed
Egypt and Syria to negotiate over previously ceded territory. Finally, in 1979,
following a series of cease-fires and peace negotiations, representatives from Egypt
and Israel signed the Camp David Accords, a peace treaty that ended the thirty-year
conflict between Egypt and Israel.
 What strategies were pursued for the reconciliation between Arab countries and Israel
Oslo Peace Process
Arab League Peace Initiative

Peace Process led by the USA.
 What is two-state solution?
 Deal of the century
Context:
It is a joint peace plan by Donald Trump, Israel PM benjumin Netanyahu and Son in law of Donald
Trump, Jared Kushner. This peace plan is economic peace plan and not political peace plan.
Deal of the century aims at finding logical conclusion of this long-standing conflict.
Features of the deal of the century:
o Economic peace precedes political peace.

o Some 50 billion dollar investment in Palestinian territories
o Whole Jerusalem will be Israel’s capital.
o Palestine’s capital shall be Abu Des
o No right of return for Palestinian refuges
o Jewish forces to have control over Masjiid-al-Aqsa
o Revival of old Phenv: Jordonist Palestine
o No two-state solution
Negative Impacts of the Deal of The Century
o It will strengthen Jewish nationality

o It legalizes Israelis illegal settlements
o Emboldens Israelis to extend its territories till the formation of greater Israel
Security impacts
o Possibility of war between Hamas and Israel

o Humanitarian crisis in Gaza
o Another blockade of Gaza to transform itself to the open sky prison
o It is death knell to two state solution
Policy prescriptions to end this conflict
o Need of unity in Palestinian’s rank and file.

o Joint program of civil disobedience: protest and action
o Strengthen great march of return
o Robust diplomatic lobbying
o Palestinian cause is Pan-Arab cause, hence, Arab must support
 Conclusion

Israel-Palestine Issue

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Israel-Palestine Issue

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Israel-Palestine Issue

“Israel must be taught a ‘lesson’” Erdogan

Arab League Peace Initiative

Features of the deal of the century:

o Economic peace precedes political peace.

Negative Impacts of the Deal of The Century

o It will strengthen Jewish nationality

o Possibility of war between Hamas and Israel

Policy prescriptions to end this conflict

o Need of unity in Palestinian’s rank and file.

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