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    G9 S.SC PT (Revision Sheet)

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    sarthak69lvr14
    Hghh

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    G9 S.SC PT (Revision Sheet)

    Uploaded by

    sarthak69lvr14
    2 views7 pages
    Hghh

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    G9 S.Sc PT (Revision Sheet)

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    Hghh

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    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views7 pages

    G9 S.SC PT (Revision Sheet)

    Uploaded by

    sarthak69lvr14
    Hghh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Revision Sheet

    I. History
    Q1. Describe the French division of society.
    Ans: The French society was divided into three Estates:
    (i) First Estate: It comprised the church and the clergy. They enjoyed certain privileges by birth.
    They were exempted from paying taxes to the state.
    (ii) Second Estate: In the second estate, were the nobles and other rich members. They were also
    exempted from paying taxes. They also enjoyed feudal privileges. These included feudal dues
    from the peasants.
    (iii) Third Estate: About 90 per cent of the population was peasants. They were obliged to work
    in the fields of their landlords as well as in their houses, and also serve in the army. They were
    paying all direct taxes and a number of indirect taxes were also levied on articles of everyday
    consumption like salt or tobacco.

    Q2. What do you know about the ‘Estates General?


    Ans: “The Estates General” was a political body to which the three estates sent their
    representatives. In France of the Old Regime, the monarch did not have the power to impose
    taxes to his will alone. Rather he had to call a meeting of the Estates General to pass the
    proposals for new taxes. However, it was the monarch alone who could decide when to call a
    meeting of this body.

    Q3. State any three impacts of the French Revolution in France .


    Ans: (i) Feudalism of France was thrown away by the people.
    (ii) Privileges of church and nobles were abolished.
    (iii) Monarchy was abolished and the Republic was established in France.

    Q4. Explain about Active and Passive Citizens.


    Ans: (i) Active Citizens: Only men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days
    of a labourer's wage were given the status of active citizens and the right to vote.
    (ii) Passive Citizens: Whereas, the remaining men as well as all the women of France, who were
    not entitled to vote were called Passive Citizens.
    Q5. Explain the laws that were made to improve the status of women in French society?
    Ans: In the beginning, the revolutionary government introduced laws to improve the lives of
    women.
    (i) Schooling was made compulsory for all girls.
    (ii) Their fathers could no longer force them into marriage against their will.
    (iii) Divorce was made legal and could be applied for, by both men and women.
    (iv) Women could now be trained for jobs, could become artists or run small businesses.

    Q6. Explain any five features of the constitution of 1791, framed by the National Assembly
    in France.
    Ans: The five features of constitution of France are:
    (i) Constitutional Monarchy: The constitution made France a constitutional monarchy. In this
    system, monarchs would remain monarchs but all legislative powers would be transferred to the
    National Assembly.
    (ii) National Assembly: It was indirectly elected. In it, citizens voted for a group of electors, who
    in turn chose the assembly. Once chosen, the National Assembly would keep control on the
    country.
    (iii) Right to Vote: However, not all citizens had the right to vote, only men above 25 years of
    age, who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer's wage were given the status of active
    citizens. Only active citizens were entitled to vote.
    (iv) Powers of National Assembly: The National Assembly had the power to make laws. It is
    voted by about 50,000 electors and constituted of 745 members. It could keep control on both the
    king and the ministers.
    (v) Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens: The constitution began with the Declaration of
    the Rights of Man and Citizens. Rights such as the right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of
    opinion, equality before law, were established as natural and inalienable rights.

    Q7. What were the causes for the empty treasury of France under Louis XVI? Assess any
    three causes.
    Ans: (i) When Louis XVI became king the treasury of France was empty as most of the French
    kings were involved in wars which emptied their treasury.
    (ii) Louis XVI and wife Marie Antoinette were also extragrant and spent a lot of money on
    treasury for herself only.
    (iii) France fought a lot of war while supporting American colonies in their war of independence
    against Britain. This also added to the cause for the empty treasury.
    Q8. How was the taxation policy responsible for the French revolution?
    Ans: (i) The French society was divided into three estates—First, Second and Third estates
    respectively.
    (ii) First and Second estates which formed 10 percent of the total population consisted of clergy
    and nobles. They enjoyed all privileges.
    (iii) Rest of the 90 percent population of the third estate paid all kinds of direct or indirect taxes,
    members of the third estate believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth.

    II. Political

    Q1. Explain any three rights which are usually taken away when a democracy is
    overthrown by the military.
    Ans: During military rule, following rights are taken away from the people:
    1. Right to choose their own representatives.
    2. They are not allowed to form unions or political parties.
    3. Loss of freedom of speech and expression.
    4. They are not allowed the freedom of expressing displeasure at any of the government policies
    which they don’t like.

    Q2. Write any five features of Democratic government.


    Ans: Five features of Democratic government:
    ● People have political rights. They take part in an election process on the basis of
    Universal Adult Franchise.
    ● Democratic government is accountable and responsive to the needs of people.
    ● There are free and fair elections. People participate in them without any restriction.
    ● People also participate in the functioning of decision making. They can protest or
    criticize the government.
    ● Representatives are elected for the fixed tenure of time.
    ● People are not subjects of the ruler; they are rulers themselves.

    Q3. Write any five features of Non-Democratic government.


    Ans: Five features of Non-Democratic government:
    ● People do not enjoy political rights or they have very limited rights.
    ● Elections are not held in a free and fair manner. People face many restrictions.
    ● People are not allowed to participate in the functioning of the government's decision
    making.
    ● The government is not accountable and responsive to the needs of people.
    ● People are never considered rulers or dignified citizens. They are treated as subjects.
    Q4. How does democracy improve the quality of decision making?
    Ans: Democracy improves the quality of decision making as it is based on consultation and
    discussion.

    ● A democratic decision always involves many people, discussions and meetings.


    ● When a number of people put their heads together, they are able to point out possible
    mistakes in any decision.
    ● This takes time. But there is a big advantage in taking time over important decisions. This
    reduces the chances of rash or irresponsible decisions.

    Q5. How can you define a good democracy?


    Ans: Features of good democracy are-
    ● Every citizen must be able to play an equal role in decision making.
    ● An equal right to vote is not enough; people need to have equal information, basic
    education, and equal resources.
    ● Good democracy will come only when no one goes hungry to bed.
    ● When every person has employment and accessibility to basic needs, we can say that we
    are led by a good democratic government.

    Q6. Write any five arguments against democracy.


    Ans: Five arguments against democracy are -
    ● Leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability.
    ● Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for
    morality.
    ● So many people have to be consulted in a democracy that it leads to delays.
    ● Elected leaders do not know the best interest of the people. It leads to bad decisions.
    ● Democracy leads to corruption because it is based on electoral competition.
    ● Ordinary people don’t know what is good for them; they should not decide anything.

    Q7. How does democracy allow us to correct our own mistakes?


    Ans: There is no guarantee that mistakes cannot be made in democracy. No form of government
    can guarantee that.
    ● The advantage in a democracy is that such mistakes cannot be hidden for long.
    ● There is a space for public discussion on these mistakes. There is a room for correction.
    ● Either the rulers have to change their decisions, or the rulers can be changed.
    III. Map Work

    (1) Four places A, B, C and D are marked on the outline political map of France.
    Identify any three of these places with the help of the following information.

    (i) Many influential deputies made their places to National and Legislative assemblies.
    (ii) Mass execution during the Reign of terror.
    (iii) Capital of France
    (iv) Focal point of the French Revolution

    Answer: (a) Bordeaux


    (b) Nantes
    (c) Paris
    (d) Marseilles
    (2)
    (3)

    (i) Which continents did not have almost any democracies in 1900 and 1950?
    (ii) Which country was democratic in 1950, but not in 1975?
    (iii) Which continents in the world had a large number of democracies in 1900 and 1950?

    Answers:
    (i) Africa and Asia
    (ii) Brazil
    (iii) North America, South America and Europe

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