Project Based Learning

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Project Based Learning

Uploaded by

Adam Danish

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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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PROJECT BASED LEARNING(PBL)

MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS PLASMA

MEMBRANE

NAME: MUHAMMAD ADAM DANISH BIN BASRI

CLASS: 304
DATE & TIME

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LIST OF CONTENT
APPRECIATION TEXT
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
PROCEDURES
LIST OF MATERIALS AND APPARATUS
SAFETY PRECAUTION
ESTIMATED BUDGET
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE LIST

2
APPRECIATION
In the name of Allah who is most generous and most
loving, be grateful to the divine for his grace in making
my folio a success this time.
First, I would like to thank Teacher Sumaiyah for being
a mentor who guided me a lot in this project. Apart
from that, I would also like to thank my parents who
gave a lot of help in terms of material cost and help in
making mango pickles.
Lastly, to my friends who gave me a lot of information
and helped me to complete the project this time

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INTRODUCTION
Living cells require substances from the external
environment to carry out living processes. At the same
time, the metabolic processes in cells produce waste
that need to be disposed of from the cells. What are
the substances required by cells and the waste
products of cells? How do these substances move in
and out of cells? Cells must allow some substances to
move into and out of the cells to maintain the living
processes. The movement of substances into and out
of the cell is regulated by the plasma membrane.

This project involves the process of Osmosis, Osmosis

is a passive transport process that is like diffusion, but
it involves only water molecules. Osmosis refers to the
net movement of water molecules from an area of
high-water potential (low solutes concentration) to an
area of low water potential (high solutes
concentration) randomly through a selectively
permeable membrane. The selectively permeable
membrane is permeable to water but impermeable to
some solutes such as sucrose molecules

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OBJECTIVES
To understand the concept of movement of
substances across plasma membrane

To understand in details of process osmosis

To investigate what happen during osmosis in

pickles

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PROCEDURES OF PICKLES

1. First, wash unripe mangoes and peel the mango skin.

2. Then, cut the mango that has been peeled. Then, wash the mango
again.

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3. After that, prepare a jar that can be closed and put the washed fruit
into the jar.

4. Put warm water into the jar that has been filled with mangoes. Next,
add the salt and close the jar. Leave for 24 Hours

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5. After 24 Hours, strain the brine from the jar. Rinse the mango again
with water.

7. Put sugar solution into the jar containing the mango. Drizzle a little
vinegar into the mango. Close the jar tightly and store in the refrigerator
for 4-5 days. Pickles are ready!!

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LIST OF MATERIALS & APPARATUS
Materials
- Unripe mangoes
- Vinegar
- Sugar
- Salt
Apparatus
- Jar
- Knife
- Pot
- Ladle

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SAFETY PRECAUTION
- Beware in using knife
- Use hand glove
- Handle hot pot with caution

10
ESTIMATED BUDGET
- Unripe mangoes – RM5
- Sugar – RM0.50
- Salt – RM0.50
- Vinegar – RM1
- Thai Chili Pepper – RM1
- Jar – RM2
TOTAL – RM10

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RESULTS

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DISCUSSION
State the process that takes place for pickling
food/fruit/vegetable.
Osmosis
Explain the process mentioned in Question 1.
Osmosis refers to the net movement of water molecules
from an area of high-water potential (low solutes
concentration) to an area of low water potential (high solutes
concentration) randomly through a selectively permeable
membrane.
What is the function of salt and sugar in the pickling process?
To make a hypotonic and hypertonic solution in the pickles
Apart from salt and sugar, name another ingredient used for
the pickling process and explain why the ingredients is used
Vinegar, because Vinegar is used in all sorts of food
preservation methods. It has a few key properties that make
it ideal at slowing or stopping food from spoiling for long
periods. It is primarily the pH or acidity of vinegar that
inhibits bacterial growth.

Pineapple pickle is prepared by soaking slices of pineapple in

a concentrated sugar solution. State two advantages and
disadvantages of this method compared to keeping fresh
pineapple

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The advantages of is method is, sugar solution can prevent
bacteria from damaging the pineapple. The disadvantages is
the slices of pineapple will change the taste of the pineapple.
A housewife added excess sodium nitrate and phosphate
fertilizer to the soil of her chili plants. After 3 days, she found
her chili plants withered and died.
i. Explain what happened to the plant after the
fertilizer is added?
Soil fertilization will increase the solute
concentration and makes ground water hypertonic
to the cell sap of the chili roots. This will cause the
process of osmosis and diffuse out the water and
make the plant loss of water. The chili plant
withered and died because of loss of water.
ii. What should the housewife do before adding the
fertilizer to the soil to prevent the plant from
withering
The housewife should add water to the soil solution
to make it hypotonic solution. This will cause the
plant to receive water molecules because the
plant’s water potential is low. This would prevent
the plant from withering due to the water
molecules diﬀusing into its plant cells.
1.

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CONCLUSION
This topic can be said to be quite difficult, and I do
not understand it well, but after the success of this
project, I was able to understand the topic of
Movement of substances across the plasma membrane
especially on the osmosis process.
From this project, I was able to learn the process
of osmosis. Pickles are the most suitable substances to
investigate how the osmosis occurs.
I hope to run more projects like this in the future

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REFERENCE LIST
https://anyflip.com/dhljc/ptir/basic
https://preserveandpickle.com/why-is-vinegar-used-in-
food-preservation/
#Why_Vinegar_Is_Used_To_Preserve_Food
https://cookieandkate.com/best-pickles-recipe/
https://www.britannica.com/science/osmosis
https://www.npsk12.com/cms/lib/VA02208074/
Centricity/Domain/5750/Knittle%20CA%201and
%20CA2%20April%2023rd.pdf