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    Oscar Wilde Biography

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    Nicole Digman

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    Oscar Wilde Biography

    Uploaded by

    Nicole Digman
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    4 views5 pages

    Oscar Wilde Biography

    Uploaded by

    Nicole Digman

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Name: Nicole A.

    Digman

    Oscar Wilde, in full Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie


    Wills Wilde,

    Born October 16, 1854, Dublin, Ireland—died


    November 30, 1900, Paris, France), Irish wit, poet,
    and dramatist whose reputation rests on his
    only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891), and
    on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere’s
    Fan (1892) and The Importance of Being
    Earnest (1895).

    He was a spokesman for the late 19th-


    century Aesthetic movement in England, which
    advocated art for art’s sake, and he was the object of
    celebrated civil and criminal suits involving homosexuality and ending in his
    imprisonment (1895–97).

    However, despite his attempts to comply with his wife's wishes, Wilde was unable to
    resist temptation. He returned to Bosie, thereby sealing his own fate.

    Wilde was born of professional and literary parents. His father, Sir William
    Wilde, was Ireland’s leading ear and eye surgeon, who also published books on
    archaeology, folklore, and the satirist Jonathan Swift. His mother, who wrote
    under the name Speranza, was a revolutionary poet and an authority on
    Celtic myth and folklore.

    Life and career

    Oscar Wilde came from a prominent family. While studying at Oxford in the
    1870s, he gained notice as a scholar, poseur, wit, and poet and for his devotion to
    the Aesthetic movement, which held that art should exist for its beauty alone.
    Wilde later established himself in London’s social and artistic circles.

    Literary style and Themes :

    Genre: Epigram, drama, short story, criticism, journalism


    Literary movement: Aesthetic movement, Decadent movement
    He won fame as a dramatist, poet and novelist whose ideas on art, beauty and
    personal freedom formed a formidable challenge to Victorian puritanicalism. At
    the same time, Wilde attracted public notoriety for his stream of witty aphorisms
    and his “effeminate” long hair, dandyish clothing and his devotion to flowers.
    List of works

     "The Philosophy of Dress" First published in The New-York Tribune (1885),


    published for the first time in book form in Oscar Wilde On Dress (2013).
     "The Decay of Lying" First published in Nineteenth Century (1889), republished
    in Intentions (1891).
     "Pen, Pencil and Poison" First published in the Fortnightly Review (1889),
    republished in Intentions (1891).
     "The Soul of Man under Socialism" First published in the Fortnightly Review (1891),
    republished in The Soul of Man (1895), privately printed. ("The Soul of Man Under
    Socialism" on Wikisource)
     Intentions (1891) Wilde revised his dialogues on aesthetic subjects for publication in
    this volume, which comprises:
    o "The Critic as Artist"
    o "The Decay of Lying"
    o "Pen, Pencil and Poison"
    o "The Truth of Masks"
     "Phrases and Philosophies for the Use of the Young" first published in the Oxford
    student magazine The Chameleon, December 1894) ("Phrases and Philosophies for
    the Use of the Young" on Wikisource)
     "A Few Maxims For The Instruction Of The Over-Educated"[3] First published,
    anonymously, in the 1894 November 17 issue of Saturday Review.

    NOVEL

     The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890/1891) was Wilde's only complete novel. The first
    version of "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was published, in a form highly edited by the
    magazine, as the lead story in the July 1890 edition of Lippincott's Monthly
    Magazine.[4] Wilde published the longer and revised version in book form in 1891,
    with an added preface.[4] The Uncensored Picture of Dorian Gray was published by
    the Belknap Press of Harvard University Press in 2012.

    SHORT FICTION

     The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888, a collection of fairy tales) consisting of:
    o "The Happy Prince"
    o "The Selfish Giant"
    o "The Nightingale and the Rose"
    o "The Devoted Friend"
    o "The Remarkable Rocket"
     A House of Pomegranates (1891, fairy tales) consisting of:
    o "The Young King"
    o "The Birthday of the Infanta"
    o "The Fisherman and His Soul"
    o "The Star-Child"
     Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories (1891) consisting of:
    o "Lord Arthur Savile's Crime"
    o "The Canterville Ghost"
    o "The Sphinx Without a Secret"
    o "The Model Millionaire"
    o "The Portrait of Mr. W. H."

    POETRY

     Ravenna (1878) Winner of the Newdigate Prize.


     Requiescat (1880s) Regarding the childhood death of Wilde's sister, Isola Wilde.
     Poems (1881) Wilde's first collection of poetry and publication.
    o "Theocritus"
    o "Helas"
    o "The Harlot's House"
    o "To Milton"
    o "The Grave of Keats"
    o "Magdalen Walks"
    o "The New Helen"
    o "The Grave of Shelley"
    o "Eleutheria"
    o "The Garden of Eros"
    o "Rosa Mystica"
    o "The Burden Of Itys"
    o "Wind Flowers"
    o "Charmides"
    o "Flowers of Gold"
    o "Impressions de Théàtre"
    o "Panthea"
    o "The Fourth Movement"
    o "Humanitad"
     The Sphinx (1894)
     Poems in Prose (1894)
    o "The Artist"
    o "The Doer of Good"
    o "The Disciple"
    o "The Master"
    o "The House of Judgement"
    o "The Teacher of Wisdom"
     The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898)
    PLAYS

     Vera; or, The Nihilists (1880/1882)


     The Duchess of Padua (1883)
     Lady Windermere's Fan (1892)
     A Woman of No Importance (1893)
     An Ideal Husband (1895)
     The Importance of Being Earnest (1895)
     Salomé (1896) Translated from French by Lord Alfred Douglas
     La Sainte Courtisane (Incomplete)
     A Florentine Tragedy (Incomplete)

    FIRST PUBLISHED POSTHUMOUSLY

     De Profundis (Written 1895-97, in Reading Gaol). Expurgated edition published


    1905; suppressed portions 1913, expanded version in The Letters of Oscar
    Wilde (1962).
     The Rise of Historical Criticism (Written while at college) First published in 1905
    (Sherwood Press, Hartford, CT) privately printed. Reprinted in Miscellanies, the last
    volume of the First Collected Edition (1908).
     The First Collected Edition (Methuen & Co., 14 volumes) appeared in 1908 and
    contained many previously unpublished works.
     The Second Collected Edition (Methuen & Co., 12 volumes) appeared in
    installments between 1909–11 and contained several other unpublished works.
     The Letters of Oscar Wilde (Written 1868-1900) Published in 1962. Republished
    as The Complete Letters of Oscar Wilde (2000), with letters discovered since 1962,
    and new annotations by Merlin Holland.
     The Women of Homer (Written 1876, while at college). First published in Oscar
    Wilde: The Women of Home

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