GNS 125 First Year, Second Semester Examinations ESSAY QUESTIONS 1a. Define the following terms: i. Pharmacokinetics ii. Pharmacodynamics. 1b. Briefly explain three Factors that affects drug absorption in the body. 1c. Enumerate five (5) importance of Pharmacology to nursing practice. 2a. Mention Four (4) sources of drugs with examples. 2b. What is traditional and Orthodox medicine 2c. Define the following. i. Minimal dose ii. Maximal dose iii. Lethal dose. 3a. What is the meaning of the following Abbreviations. i. B.D ii. QDS iii. PRN iv. MANE v. NOCTE 3b. Give one example of name of a drug from each of the following dosage forms: i. Tablet ii. Suspension iii. Injection iv. Cream v. Infusion 3c. Mention Five (5) rights of drug administration to a patient. 4a. Enumerate two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of the following route of drug administration. i. Intravenous route ii. Intramuscular (I.M) route iii. Oral route. 4b. Mention four other route of drug administration apart from I.V, I.M and oral routes 4c. What are the safety measures in storage of drugs. 5a. What is drug abuse. 5b. Mention five (5) causes of drug abuse. 5c. Outline the stepwise method you will adopt to manage a drug addict. 6a. What are Dangerous drugs 6b. Define the term Dangerous drug Act. 6c. Outline three (3) general rules of the dangerous drug Act (DDA) 7a. Outline (3) safety measures in drug administration 7b. Briefly explain the method of Handling and storage of drugs in the ward 7c. Outline four (4) responsibilities of nurses in the administration of drugs to a patient. 8a. Explain the following pharmacokinetic principles: i. Absorption ii. Distribution iii. Metabolism iv. Excretion 8b. Briefly explain the following terms: i. Drug Interaction ii. Synergism iii. Antagonism 8c. Explain the effects of Age, diet, and disease on drug disposition, distribution and elimination. OBJECTIVES QUESTIONS 1. ---------- Is a substance that can change the normal function of the body (a) Allergen (b) Enzyme (c) Drug (d) Microbe 2. Distribution of drugs in the body can be affected by (a) Enzyme (b) Plasma Protein (c) PH (d) Acid 3. Pharmacological effects of a drug can result to all of the following except (a) Toxicity (b) Effectiveness (c) Sweating (d) Polycytamia 4. In history of pharmacology, some School of thought believes that disease was caused by excess of bile and ---------- in the body. (a) Water (b) Mucous (c) Blood (d) Infection 5. Materia – Medica means --------------- (a) Physiology study (b) Philosophy of Science (c) Medical Dictionary (d) Science of drug preparation and uses. 6. The generic name of Paracetamol is ------ (a) Acetaminophen (b) Paracetamol (c) Panadol (d) Acetominophenol 7. The study of how the genetic inheritance of an individual affects his/ her body’s response to drugs is called-------- (a) Pharmacology (b) Pharmacogenomics (c) Pharmacodynamics (d) Pharcovigilance. 8. Nicotine is gotten from -------of Tobacco tree (a) Leaves (b) Roots (c) Bark (d) Stem 9. Quinine and Quinidine can be gotten from (a) Senna Pod (b) Cinchona (c) Digitalis (d) Ipecacuahna 10. Example of metallic mineral source of drug is ------ (a) Iodine (b) Chlorine (c) Aluminum (d) Nitrogen 11. Example of semi synthetic Penicillin is ------- (a) Penicillin G (b) Penicillin V (c) Amoxicillin (d) Cyrtallin Penicillin 12. Insulin can be gotten from. (a) Cod liver (b) Horse (c) Fish (d) Poultry 13. Traditional medicine is also known as ------ (a) Orthodox medicine (b) Complementary Medicine (c) Modernized Medicine (d) Invasive Medicine 14. One of the disadvantages of Traditional Medicine is that ------ (a) It is expensive (b) It Passes from generation to generation (c) It claims to know every disease (d) It has no scientific proof 15. Example of complementary therapy is ------- (a) Implantation (b) Surgery (c) Colonic Irrigation (d) Cannulation 16. One of the advantage of tablet is ----- (a) Less expensive (b) Easy to Swallow (c) Slow onset of action (d) Fast onset of action 17. Tablet Absorption in the body can be affected by ----- (a) Git Motility (b) Enzymes (c) Body Water (d)Body weight 18. Injection has a bioavailability of ----- percent (a) 90% (b) 100% (c) 50% (d) 95% 19. --------- are applied to the body surface (a) Injection (b) Suspensions (c) Creams (d) Sublingual tablets 20. One of the following drugs are used for unconscious patient (a) Sustained released tablets (b) liniments (c) suppositories (d) Infusions. 21. One of the following drug is an analgesic (a) Paracetamol (b) Nicotine (c) Diazepam (d) Streptomycin 22. One of the following drug is a CNS depressants (a) Tramadol(b) Pentazocine (c) Alcohol (d) Atropine 23. An unwanted or unexpected effect of drug which is often uninted is called (a) Toxicity (b) Effectiveness (c) side effect (d) Drug responses 24. -------- means a dose of a drug that cause no harm to an individual (a) Safety (b) efficiency (c) side effect (d) Positive response 25. 8/52 means ----- (a) 60 days (b) 52 weeks (c) 8 months (d) 8 weeks 26. 1000gram means --------- (a) 1000 kilo grams (b) 100 Milligram (c) 1 kilo gram (c) 100 kilogram 27. 1 liter is equal to ---- (a) 100 milliliters (b) 1000 gram (c) 10 milliliters (d) 1000 milliliters 28. 1 tea spoon full is equal to --------- (a) 3.5ml (b) 4 – 5ml (c) 5.5ml (d) Normal spoonful 29. Child’s dose of a suspension drug is usually. (a) Mg/Kg (b) Volume in ML (c) Mg/ ML (d) Mg/Wt 30. Method of calculating dosage of a drug applicable to children between 1 – 12 years of age is ------ (a) Fried’s rule (b) Young’s rule (c) Fried man’s rule (d) Clarke’s rule 31. One of the following is drug of abuse (a) Baclofen (b) Ibuprofen (c) Cocodamol (d) Seretide Inhaler 32. One of the following is a sign and symptoms of drug abuse. (a) Nausea (b) Vomiting (c) Sweating (d) Fever 33. One of the following is a complex illness (a) Adverse drug reaction (b) Tolerance (c) Tolerance to drug (d) Addiction 34. One of the sign and symptoms of withdrawal syndrome from drug abuse is ------ (a) Dependence (b) Fatigue (c) Sweating (d) Possession of drugs 35. The best way to curve menace of drug abuse include all of the following except (a) Non availability of drug (b) strict laws (c) Soft thread legislation (d) Rehabilitation 36. The most affected organ by drug abuse is (a) Heard (b) Brain (c) Kidney (d) Liver 37. One of the following is a dangerous drug (a) Opium (b) Alcohol (c) Paraaminobenzoic Acid (PABA) (d) Cigarette 38. The Federal Government of Nigeria has recently banned the use of one of the following drugs (a) Tramadol (b) Alcohol (c) codeine (d) Pentazocine 39. One of the following is an antidote to organophosphate poisoning (a) Lugol iodine (b) Activated charcoal (c) Chloride water (d) Normal saline 40. All the following are signs and symptoms of poisoning except (a) Increase B.P (b) Decreased Blood count (c) Normal ECG (d) Sleepiness 41. Rights of drug administration is important because of one of the following (a) Drug control (b) Right route (c) drug interaction (d) Synergism 42. One of the following drugs can be given in both I.M/I.V routes (a) Tetanus toxoid (b) Triamcinolone (c) Paracetamol (d) Normal saline 43. Pleural administration of drugs means administration through (a) Lungs (b) Heart (c) Cardiac muscle (d) Ribs 44. Routes of drug administration determines all the following except (a) Onset of action (b) Duration of action (c) side effects (d) Absorption 45. I.M injection is usually given at ----- (a) 450 (b) 600 (c) 900 (d) 1800 46. A drugs with fast onset of action will have ------ (a) Longer duration of action (b) Shorter duration of action (c) less side effects (d) high toxicity 47. Bio transformation of drugs is also called (a) Degradation (b) Absorption (c) Excretion (d) Metabolism 48. Metabolism of drugs is affected by (a) Presences of food (b) PH of the abdomen (c) Liver enzyme (d) Pancreatic hormone 49. Thermo labile drugs can be stored at (a) 80 (b) above 250 (c) 300 (d) 36.50 50. Drug overdose can be reversed using (a) Agonist (b) Antagonist (c) Antidote (d) Pro drug 51. All of the following are examples of drug preparation method except (a) Compounding (b) Mixing (c) Dilution (d) Irrigation 52. Weakly acidic drugs are best absorbed in ------ (a) Basic Medium (b) Acidic Medium (c) Neural medium (d) Isotonic Medium 53. Toxicity of drugs can be as a result of (a) Decreased plasma binding (b) Increase plasma binding (c) Normal excretion (d) Normal metabolism 54. The combination of two or more drugs to cause the total effect of the drugs to be greater is called (a) Antagonism (b) Synergism (c) Interaction (d) Activation 55. Prevention is needed in prescribing high dose of drug to young children because (a) They have less blood (b) they have less body water (c) Their liver is less develop (d) their brain is less developed 56. The anti-dote to unvaccinated dog bite is (a) Antisera Vaccine (b) anti Rabies Vaccine (c) Anti tetanus (d) Rubella Vaccine 57. A nephrotoxic drug can damage (a) Brain (b) Liver (c) Kidney (d) Neuron 58. Type B adverse drug reactions are also called (a) Dose related (b) Augmented reactions (c) Delayed reaction (d) Idiosyncratic reaction 59. Which of the following drugs has faster onset of action (a) Solid dosage form (b) Semi solid dosage form (c) Liquid dosage form (d) Gaseous dosage form 60. An example of multi dose dosage form is (a) Vial (b) Ampoule (c) Water for injection (d) Distilled water
