Q1) what is the difference between acids and bases

Q.2.Ammonia is found in many household products, such as window cleaners. It turns

red litmus blue. What is its nature?

Q.3.Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained. What is the use of this
solution?

Q.4.Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?

Q.5.Describe the process of neutralisation with the help of an example.

Q.6.Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:

(i) Nitric acid turns red litmus blue. (T/F)
(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. {T/F)
(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise each other and form salt and
water. (T/F)
(id) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours in acidic and basic
solutions. . (T/F)
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of a base. (T/F)

Q.7. Dorji has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant. But, unfortunately, these are
not labelled. He has to serve the drinks on the demand of customers. One customer
wants acidic drink, another wants basic and third one wants neutral drink. How
will Dorji decide which drink is to be served to whom?

Q.8.Explain why:
(a) An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from acidity.

(b) Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant bites.

(c) Factory waste is neutralised before disposing it into the water bodies.

Q.9. Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid, another is sodium
hydroxide and third is a sugar solution. How will you identify them? You have only
turmeric indicator.
Q.10. Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue. What is the nature of
the solution? Explain.

Q. 11. Consider the following statements:

(a) Both acids and bases change colour of all indicators.
(b) If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid, it does not give a change with a
base.
(c) If an indicator changes colour with a base, it does not change colour with an acid.
(d) Change of colour in an acid and a base depends on the type of the indicator. Which
of these statements are correct?

Question 1.
What is the test for acids and bases using litmus paper?

Question 2.
What name is given to those substances which do not change the colour of either red or blue
litmus paper?

Question 3.
Write the name of two indicators which occur naturally.
Answer:

 Turmeric
 China rose

Question 4.
Name the acid present in lemon juice and tomato.
Answer:
Citric acid in lemon juice and oxalic acid in tomato.

Question 5.
Name a substance which is used to cure the discomfort caused by indigestion due to over
eating.

Question 6.
Why does a turmeric stain on white shirt is turned to red when it is washed with soap?
[HOTS]
Question 8.
Is lime water an acidic or basic solution?

Question 9.
Name the reaction when an acid is mixed with base.

Question 10.
Which acid is injected into our body by an ant sting that causes pain? [HOTS]

Question 11.
Name the salt formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide solution (a base).

Question 12.
Write two basic substances which we use in our daily life.

Question 13.
Name one acid which is responsible for acid rain.

Question 14.
Name two gaseous pollutants which are responsible for acid rain.

Question 15.
(a) Name one indicator which turns red on adding an acid.
(b) Name one indicator which turns red on adding a base.

Question 16.
Form a sentence using the following words: baking soda, ant bite, moist, effect, neutralised,
rubbing [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]

Question 1.
Write the characteristics of acids by which we can identify acids.
Answer:

Question 2.
Look at the figure which shows solutions taken in test tubes A, B, C and D. What colour is
expected, when a piece of red litmus paper is dropped in each test tube? Nature of the
solutions is given in the table for your help.

Test tube Nature of solution Change in colour of red litmus

A Neutral

B Basic

C Acidic

D Neutral

Question 3.
While playing in a park, a child was stung by a wasp. Some elders suggested applying paste
of baking soda and others lemon juice as remedy. Which remedy do you think is appropriate
and why? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]

Question 4.
Which of the following are acidic and which are basic?
Lime water, Vinegar, Toothpaste, Stomach juices, Lemon juice, Baking soda solution, Milk
of magnesia, Ammonia solution.

Question 5.
A small amount of hydrochloric acid is always produced in the stomach. Is it useful or
harmful for us? If excess of acid is produced in the stomach, what should we do?

Question 6.
Write the effect of China rose petals on acidic and basic solutions.

Question 7.
To test the presence of an acid in any substance, what methods can be used?

Question 8.
Why are sodium bicarbonate and lemon juice used during indigestion?

Question 9.
After carrying out the neutralisation reaction, the test tube immediately found to be somewhat
hot. Explain why.

Question 10.
Name three acids used in the laboratory.

Question 11.
Paheli is suffering from indigestion due to acidity. Is it advisable to give her orange juice in
this situation and why? |NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]

Question 12.
Explain two neutralisation reactions related to daily life situations.

Question 13.
How lime water is prepared in the laboratory?

Question 14.
Name three types of salts. Give one example of each type of salt.
Question 15.
Paheli observed that most of the fish in the pond of her village were gradually dying. She also
observed that the wastes of a factory in their village are flowing into the pond which probably
caused the fish to die.
(a) Explain why the fish were dying?
(b) If the factory waste is acidic in nature, how can it be neutralised

Question 16.
What is a salt? Name any salt and give their formulae.

Question 17.
Look at the given reaction.
Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide (base) → Sodium chloride (salt) + Water
Sodium chloride formed in this reaction remains in solution form. Can we get solid sodium
chloride from this solution? Suggest a method (if any).

Question 18.
Name three bases used in the laboratory with their formulae.

Question 1.
A farmer was unhappy because of his low crop yield. He discussed the problem with an
agricultural scientist and realised that the soil of his field was either too acidic or too basic.
What remedy would you suggest the farmer to neutralise the soil? [HOTS]

Question 2.
You are provided with three test tubes A, Sand Cas shown in figure with different liquids.
What will you observe when you put
(a) a piece of blue litmus paper in each test tube?
(b) a piece of red litmus paper in each test tube?
(c) a few drops of phenolphthalein solution to each test tube?

Question 3.
Boojho, Paheli and their friend Golu were provided with a test, each containing China rose
solution which was pink in colour. Boojho added 2 drops of solution ‘A’ in his test tube and
got dark pink colour. Paheli added 2 drops of solution ‘S’to her test tube and got green
colour. Golu added 2 drops of solution ‘C but could not get any change in colour. Suggest the
possible cause for the variation in their results. [HOTS].
Question 4.
Nitesh was playing with his friends in the garden. Suddenly, Nitesh was stung by a honeybee
and was in great pain. Immediately, his friends call his mother. She applied baking soda
solution on the affected area and then took him to the doctor.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What could be the reason for this burning pain?
(b) Why did his mother applied baking soda solution on the affected area?
(c) What values are shown by Nitesh’s friends? [Value Based Question]

Question 5.
One day Rahul’s mother after taking meal felt pain and irritation in her stomach. His father
was out of station. Rahul was an intelligent boy. He remembered his teacher’s statement and
gave his mother some baking soda solution Which gave her a relief from pain and irritation of
stomach.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
(a) Which information given by Rahul’s teacher that helped him to select the baking soda as
remedy?
(b) Why he selects baking soda as a cure?
(c) What values are shown by Rahul? [Value Based Question]

Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Science Extra Questions

Miscellaneous Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The correct way of making a solution of acid in water is to [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) pdd water to acid
(b) add acid to water
(c) mix acid and water simultaneously
(d) add water to acid in a shallow container

Question 2.
Products of a neutralisation reaction are always
(a) an acid and a base
(b) an acid and a salt
(c) a salt and water
(d) a salt and a base

Question 3.
Turmeric is a natural indicator. On adding its paste to acid and base separately, which colours
would be observed?
(a) Yellow in both acid and base
(b) Yellow in acid and red in base
(c) Pink in acid and yellow in base
(d) Red in acid and blue in base

Question 4.
Phenolphthalein is a synthetic indicator and its colours in acidic and basic solutions
respectively are [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) red and blue
(b) blue and red
(c) pink and colourless
(d) colourless and pink

Question 5.
When the soil is too basic, plants do not grow well in it. To improve its quality, what must be
added to the soil? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Organic matter
(b) Quicklime
(c) Slaked lime
(d) Calamine solution

Question 6.
Neutralisation reaction is a [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) physical and reversible change
(b) physical change that cannot be reversed
(c) chemical and reversible change
(d) chemical change that cannot be reversed

Question 7.
A solution changes the colour of turmeric indicator from yellow to red. The solution is
(a) basic
(b) acidic
(c) neutral
(d) either neutral or acidic

Question 8.
Which of the following sets of substances contains acids?
(a) Grapes, lime water
(b) Vinegar, soap
(c) Curd, milk of magnesia
(d) Curd, vinegar

Question 9.
Which of the following is an acid-base indicator? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Vinegar
(b) Lime water
(c) Turmeric
(d) Baking soda

Fill in the Blanks

1. Lemon juice and vinegar taste ……………… because they contain ……………… .
[NCERT Exemplar]
2. Turmeric and litmus are ……………… acid-base indicators.
3. Phenolphthalein gives ……………… colour with lime water.
4. When an acidic solution is mixed with a basic solution, they ……………… each other
forming ……………… and water. [NCERT Exemplar]
5. The acidic or basic nature of a substance is tested by using an ……………… .
6. The substances which show different colours in acidic, basic and neutral solutions are
called ………………
7. Acid + Base → ……………… + Water
8. When an acid mixed with a base, a ……………… reaction takes place.
9. Acetic acid is present in ……………… while ……………… is present in lemon.
10. Excessive use of chemical fertilisers make the soil ……………… .
11. Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide → ……………… + Water
12. Acids turn blue litmus ……………… .

True/False
1. All substances are either acidic or basic.
2. A compound if acidic will turn all indicators red.
3. Lime water turns red litmus blue

4. Common salt dissolved in water turns blue litmus red.

5. Phenolphthalein is a natural indicator.
6. Calamine can be used to treat ant’s sting.
7. Lemon water is basic in nature..

Match the Columns

Question 1.
Match the substances in Column I with those in Column II.

Column 1 Column II

(a Tartaric acid (i) Soap

 (b) Calcium hydroxide (ii) Curd

(c) Formic acid (iii) Unripe mangoes

(d) Sodium hydroxide (iv) Ant’s sting

(e) Lactic acid (v) Lime water

Question 2.
Match the items in Column 1 with Column II.

Column 1 Column II

(a) Vinegar (i) is used as indicator

(b) Sodium chloride (ii) is sour to taste

(c) Milk of magnesia (iii) major salt of sea

(d) Turmeric (iv) changes red litmus blue