Past Perfect - Inglês

PAST
PERFECT
English Grammar Presentation
PAST
PERFECT
LET’S LOOK AT:
WHEN WE USE THE PAST PERFECT.
HOW WE MAKE SENTENCES IN THE PAST
PERFECT.
TIME EXPRESSIONS IN THE PAST PERFECT.
FUNCTION: WHEN DO WE USE THE
PAST PERFECT?
WHEN I GOT TO THE CONCERT YESTERDAY, THEY HAD
ALREADY STARTED PLAYING.
THE BEGINNING OF WHEN I NOW

THE CONCERT ARRIVED
YOU CAN USE THE PAST PERFECT TO TALK ABOUT THINGS THAT HAPPENED BEFORE
OTHER THINGS IN THE PAST.
FUNCTION: WHEN DO WE USE THE
PAST PERFECT?
PEOPLE AT THE CONCERT WERE VERY EXCITED,
THEY HAD NEVER BEEN TO A LIVE EVENT BEFORE.
BEFORE THEN NOW
WE CAN USE THE PAST PERFECT TO SHOW THE ORDER OF TWO PAST EVENTS. THE
PAST PERFECT SHOWS THE EARLIER ACTION AND THE PAST SIMPLE SHOWS THE
LATER ACTION.
FUNCTION: WHEN DON’T WE USE THE
PAST PERFECT?
GREEK THEATER BEGAN IN THE 6TH CENTURY BC IN

ATHENS.
WE DON’T USE PAST PERFECT WHEN THERE IS ONLY ONE PAST EVENT, EVEN THOUGH
IT HAPPENED A LONG TIME AGO.
FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE POSITIVE
SENTENCES IN THE PAST PERFECT?
I, you, he, she,

had played, been, started
it, we, they
WE HAD BEEN TO LOTS OF CONCERTS WHEN WE STARTED OUR

OWN BAND.
FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE NEGATIVE
SENTENCES IN THE PAST PERFECT?
I, you, he, she,

hadn’t played, been, started
it, we, they
WE HADN’T SEEN ANY OF HIS CONCERTS SO WE WERE VERY EXCITED.

FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE QUESTIONS
IN THE PAST PERFECT?
Had I, you, he, she, it, we, they played, been, started
HAD YOU EVER VISITED LONDON WHEN YOU MOVED THERE?

TIME EXPRESSIONS IN THE PAST
PERFECT
JUST = A SHORT TIME BEFORE A SPECIFIED TIME
I WASN’T HUNGRY, I’D JUST HAD LUNCH.

ALREADY = BEFORE THE SPECIFIED TIME
I VISITED HER, BUT SHE'D ALREADY LEFT.

TIME EXPRESSIONS IN THE PAST
PERFECT
NEVER = AT NO TIME BEFORE A SPECIFIED TIME
I'D NEVER MET ANYONE FROM ITALY BEFORE I

MET FLAVIO.
EVER = AT ANY TIME BEFORE THE SPECIFIED TIME
THAT WAS THE MOST EXCITING CONCERT I HAD

EVER BEEN TO.
THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
TENSE
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense helps us convey the idea that an action
was in progress for some time before something else occurred.
Example: He had been working at the company for five years when
he decided to retire.
Did you know that the Past Perfect Continuous Tense is often
used to emphasize the duration of an action in the past?
FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE POSITIVE SENTENCES
IN THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS?
I, you, he, she, V -ing

had been
it, we, they playing, crying, working...
THEY HAD BEEN PLAYING THE GUITAR ALL THE AFTERNOON

BEFORE I GOT THERE.
FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE NEGATIVE SENTENCES
I, you, he, she, V -ing

hadn’t been
it, we, they playing, crying, working...
THEY HADN’T BEEN PLAYING THE DRUMS WHEN I GOT HOME.

FORM: HOW DO WE MAKE QUESTIONS
V -ing
I, you, he, she, it,
Had Been Playing, eating,
we, they
sleeping
HAD YOU BEEN PLAYING MUSIC WHEN YOU SISTER ARRIVED?

REAL-LIFE EXAMPLES
He study for the exam for hours before the phone rang.
Correct Answer: She had been studying for the exam for hours
before the phone rang.
They play basketball all afternoon before it started raining.

They had been playing basketball all afternoon before it started
raining.
He work on the project for weeks when he finally completed it.

Correct Answer: He had been working on the project for weeks
when he finally completed it.
LET'S APPLY IT!
Exercise: Complete the sentences with the correct Past Perfect
Continuous Tense form.
She a book for hours before she fell asleep.

They their musical instruments all morning before the concert.
He a marathon for two hours when he reached the finish line.
had been had been had been

reading running practicing
Inspiring questions
Can you tell me about the important people in your life?

What have been some of the happiest moments in your life? The saddest?
Who has been the biggest influence on your life? What lessons did that person or
those people teach you?
Can you tell me about a moment when a person’s kindness made a difference in
your life?
What are the most important lessons you’ve learned in life?
What is your earliest memory?
What is your favorite memory?
Are there any funny stories your family tells about you that come to mind?
Are there any funny stories or memories or characters from your life that you
want to tell me about?
How has your life been different than what you’d imagined?
Have you ever lived in another city?
Do you have any pet?
Have you ever been to another country?
Who was you best friend when you were a child?
What are you proudest of?
When in life have you felt most alone?
If you could hold on to memories from your life forever, which would they be?
How would you like to be remembered?
Do you have any regrets?

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PAST

THE BEGINNING OF WHEN I NOW

BEFORE THEN NOW

GREEK THEATER BEGAN IN THE 6TH CENTURY BC IN

I, you, he, she,

WE HAD BEEN TO LOTS OF CONCERTS WHEN WE STARTED OUR

I, you, he, she,

WE HADN’T SEEN ANY OF HIS CONCERTS SO WE WERE VERY EXCITED.

HAD YOU EVER VISITED LONDON WHEN YOU MOVED THERE?

I WASN’T HUNGRY, I’D JUST HAD LUNCH.

I VISITED HER, BUT SHE'D ALREADY LEFT.

I'D NEVER MET ANYONE FROM ITALY BEFORE I

THAT WAS THE MOST EXCITING CONCERT I HAD

I, you, he, she, V -ing

THEY HAD BEEN PLAYING THE GUITAR ALL THE AFTERNOON

I, you, he, she, V -ing

THEY HADN’T BEEN PLAYING THE DRUMS WHEN I GOT HOME.

HAD YOU BEEN PLAYING MUSIC WHEN YOU SISTER ARRIVED?

They play basketball all afternoon before it started raining.

He work on the project for weeks when he finally completed it.

She a book for hours before she fell asleep.

had been had been had been

Can you tell me about the important people in your life?

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