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Ecgc Po 2021

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ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Previous Year Paper


ECGC PO
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given beside.

Seven persons K, J, L, R, T, P and M attend the seminar in a week starting from Monday and ends on Sunday. All of

them are working in different companies namely, W, D, N, V, Z, Y and B, but not necessarily in the same order.

L attends the seminar between Tuesday and Friday. The one who works in the company Y attends the seminar

immediately before L. Three persons attend the seminar between K and R. R attends the seminar immediately after

the one who works in the company D. R does not attend the seminar on Saturday. The one who works in the

company D does not attend the seminar on the first day. R attends the seminar after K. T attends the seminar

immediately before the one who works in the company Z. The one who works in the company N attends the

seminar immediately before T. Neither L nor R works in the company Z. Only one person attends the seminar

between M and the one who works in the company W. M does not work in the company D. T and P does not work

in the company B.

Question No. 1

How many persons attend the seminar between the one who works in the company W and L?

Options :

1. One

2. Three

3. Two

4. Four

5. None of these

Answer : Two

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given beside.

Seven persons K, J, L, R, T, P and M attend the seminar in a week starting from Monday and ends on Sunday. All of

them are working in different companies namely, W, D, N, V, Z, Y and B, but not necessarily in the same order.

L attends the seminar between Tuesday and Friday. The one who works in the company Y attends the seminar

immediately before L. Three persons attend the seminar between K and R. R attends the seminar immediately after
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

the one who works in the company D. R does not attend the seminar on Saturday. The one who works in the

company D does not attend the seminar on the first day. R attends the seminar after K. T attends the seminar

immediately before the one who works in the company Z. The one who works in the company N attends the

seminar immediately before T. Neither L nor R works in the company Z. Only one person attends the seminar

between M and the one who works in the company W. M does not work in the company D. T and P does not work

in the company B.

Question No. 2

If J is related to the company D, L is related to the company V, in the same way R is related to which of the

following company?

Options :

1. Z

2. W

3. Y

4. B

5. None of these

Answer : Z

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given beside.

Seven persons K, J, L, R, T, P and M attend the seminar in a week starting from Monday and ends on Sunday. All of

them are working in different companies namely, W, D, N, V, Z, Y and B, but not necessarily in the same order.

L attends the seminar between Tuesday and Friday. The one who works in the company Y attends the seminar

immediately before L. Three persons attend the seminar between K and R. R attends the seminar immediately after

the one who works in the company D. R does not attend the seminar on Saturday. The one who works in the

company D does not attend the seminar on the first day. R attends the seminar after K. T attends the seminar

immediately before the one who works in the company Z. The one who works in the company N attends the

seminar immediately before T. Neither L nor R works in the company Z. Only one person attends the seminar

between M and the one who works in the company W. M does not work in the company D. T and P does not work

in the company B.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 3

Which of the following combination is correct?

Options :

1. Wednesday – L – Y

2. Monday – K – B

3. Sunday – P – Z

4. Friday – R – V

5. None is correct

Answer : Sunday – P – Z

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given beside.

Seven persons K, J, L, R, T, P and M attend the seminar in a week starting from Monday and ends on Sunday. All of

them are working in different companies namely, W, D, N, V, Z, Y and B, but not necessarily in the same order.

L attends the seminar between Tuesday and Friday. The one who works in the company Y attends the seminar

immediately before L. Three persons attend the seminar between K and R. R attends the seminar immediately after

the one who works in the company D. R does not attend the seminar on Saturday. The one who works in the

company D does not attend the seminar on the first day. R attends the seminar after K. T attends the seminar

immediately before the one who works in the company Z. The one who works in the company N attends the

seminar immediately before T. Neither L nor R works in the company Z. Only one person attends the seminar

between M and the one who works in the company W. M does not work in the company D. T and P does not work

in the company B.

Question No. 4

How many persons are attending the seminar after T in the arrangement?

Options :

1. One

2. Two
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. Three

4. Four

5. None

Answer : One

Direction:
Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight people Rekha, Nisha, Bhoomi, Prerna, Vinayak, Suchi, Kaveri and Mona live in a building with 4 floors but not

necessarily in the same order. Each floor has two flats i.e. flat 1 and flat 2. Flat 1 is west of Flat 2. The lowermost

building floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2 and so on till the topmost floor is numbered 4. Flat 1 is west of Flat

2.

There is 1 floor between the floors on which Suchi and Vinayak live and both live on the same flat but not on even

numbered flat. Mona lives 3 floors below the person who lives on the top floor. Bhoomi lives on an even numbered

floor but he does not live on the top floor. Rekha lives on the floor immediately above Vinayak and both lives on

same flat. Nisha and Vinayak do not live on the top floor. Rekha live 2 floors below the floor on which Prerna lives

and both lives on same flat. Prerna and Kaveri do not live on the floor immediately next to Bhoomi’s floor.

Question No. 5

rd
Which pair of persons are living on the floor 3 ?

Options :

1. Prerna and Mona

2. Suchi and Nisha

3. Rekha and Vinayak

4. Prerna and Nisha

5. Mona and Kaveri

Answer : Suchi and Nisha

Direction:
Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Eight people Rekha, Nisha, Bhoomi, Prerna, Vinayak, Suchi, Kaveri and Mona live in a building with 4 floors but not

necessarily in the same order. Each floor has two flats i.e. flat 1 and flat 2. Flat 1 is west of Flat 2. The lowermost

building floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2 and so on till the topmost floor is numbered 4. Flat 1 is west of Flat

2.

There is 1 floor between the floors on which Suchi and Vinayak live and both live on the same flat but not on even

numbered flat. Mona lives 3 floors below the person who lives on the top floor. Bhoomi lives on an even numbered

floor but he does not live on the top floor. Rekha lives on the floor immediately above Vinayak and both lives on

same flat. Nisha and Vinayak do not live on the top floor. Rekha live 2 floors below the floor on which Prerna lives

and both lives on same flat. Prerna and Kaveri do not live on the floor immediately next to Bhoomi’s floor.

Question No. 6

Which among the statement is not true according to the given information ?

Options :

1. Kaveri lives on the two floors above Bhoomi.

2. Rekha and Prerna lives on an even numbered floor.

3. Mona shares the same floor with Vinayak.

4. There are two floors between Suchi and Bhoomi.

5. All are true.

Answer : There are two floors between Suchi and Bhoomi.

Direction:
Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight people Rekha, Nisha, Bhoomi, Prerna, Vinayak, Suchi, Kaveri and Mona live in a building with 4 floors but not

necessarily in the same order. Each floor has two flats i.e. flat 1 and flat 2. Flat 1 is west of Flat 2. The lowermost

building floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2 and so on till the topmost floor is numbered 4. Flat 1 is west of Flat

2.

There is 1 floor between the floors on which Suchi and Vinayak live and both live on the same flat but not on even

numbered flat. Mona lives 3 floors below the person who lives on the top floor. Bhoomi lives on an even numbered

floor but he does not live on the top floor. Rekha lives on the floor immediately above Vinayak and both lives on
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

same flat. Nisha and Vinayak do not live on the top floor. Rekha live 2 floors below the floor on which Prerna lives

and both lives on same flat. Prerna and Kaveri do not live on the floor immediately next to Bhoomi’s floor.

Question No. 7

How many flats are there in between the flat in which Kaveri and Nisha lives?

Options :

1. One

2. Two

3. None

4. Three

5. Four

Answer : One

Direction:
Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight people Rekha, Nisha, Bhoomi, Prerna, Vinayak, Suchi, Kaveri and Mona live in a building with 4 floors but not

necessarily in the same order. Each floor has two flats i.e. flat 1 and flat 2. Flat 1 is west of Flat 2. The lowermost

building floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2 and so on till the topmost floor is numbered 4. Flat 1 is west of Flat

2.

There is 1 floor between the floors on which Suchi and Vinayak live and both live on the same flat but not on even

numbered flat. Mona lives 3 floors below the person who lives on the top floor. Bhoomi lives on an even numbered

floor but he does not live on the top floor. Rekha lives on the floor immediately above Vinayak and both lives on

same flat. Nisha and Vinayak do not live on the top floor. Rekha live 2 floors below the floor on which Prerna lives

and both lives on same flat. Prerna and Kaveri do not live on the floor immediately next to Bhoomi’s floor.

Question No. 8

On which Floor and Flat does Nisha lives?

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. Floor 1st, Flat 2

2. Floor 3rd, Flat 1

3. Floor 3rd, Flat 2

4. Floor 4th, Flat 2

5. None of these

Answer : Floor 3rd, Flat 2

Direction:
Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight people Rekha, Nisha, Bhoomi, Prerna, Vinayak, Suchi, Kaveri and Mona live in a building with 4 floors but not

necessarily in the same order. Each floor has two flats i.e. flat 1 and flat 2. Flat 1 is west of Flat 2. The lowermost

building floor is numbered 1, the floor above it 2 and so on till the topmost floor is numbered 4. Flat 1 is west of Flat

2.

There is 1 floor between the floors on which Suchi and Vinayak live and both live on the same flat but not on even

numbered flat. Mona lives 3 floors below the person who lives on the top floor. Bhoomi lives on an even numbered

floor but he does not live on the top floor. Rekha lives on the floor immediately above Vinayak and both lives on

same flat. Nisha and Vinayak do not live on the top floor. Rekha live 2 floors below the floor on which Prerna lives

and both lives on same flat. Prerna and Kaveri do not live on the floor immediately next to Bhoomi’s floor.

Question No. 9

Who lives immediately below Prerna?

Options :

1. Nisha

2. Suchi

3. Kaveri

4. Mona

5. Rekha

Answer : Suchi

Direction:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Study the following information carefully and answer these questions given below:-

Rani, who is child of Shiv, is married to Reena. Sara is daughter of Shiv. Shiv is paternal grandfather of Supriya.

Keshav is the only son of Rani. Reena has three children and one of them is married to Neha. Neha is sister in law of

Kannu. There were only 8 members in the family.

Question No. 10

How many married couples are there in the given family arrangement?

Options :

1. Two

2. Three

3. One

4. Cannot be determined

5. None of these

Answer : Three

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer these questions given below:-

Question No. 11

Keshav is the only son of?

Options :

1. Sara

2. Supriya

3. Reena

4. Shiv

5. None of these

Answer : Reena

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer these questions given below:-
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 12

Who is the wife of Shiv in the given arrangement?

Options :

1. Supriya

2. Neha

3. Sara

4. Cannot be determined

5. None of these

Answer : Cannot be determined

Direction:
In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect
relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent
causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in
each question and mark your answer as

Question No. 13

Statement:

I: There is increase in fog level due to pollution in Delhi in the last week of November.

II: Most of the flights were cancelled in the last week of November due to increase in fog level.

Options :

1. If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect

2. If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect

3. If both the statements I and II are independent causes

4. If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

5. If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause

Answer : If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect

Question No. 14
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

It has been reported in recent years that a very large number of seats in the engineering colleges in the country

remain vacant at the end of the admission session.

Which of the following may be the probable cause of the above effect?

Options :

1. The Government has recently decided to provide post qualification professional training to all engineering

graduates at its own cost

2. Students have always preferred to complete graduation in three years time instead of four years for

engineering

3. There has always been a very poor success rate among the engineering students

4. There has been a considerable decrease in hiring of engineering graduates due to economic slowdown in

the recent years

5. None of the above

Answer : There has been a considerable decrease in hiring of engineering graduates due to economic slowdown in

the recent years

Question No. 15

The condition of the roads in the city has deteriorated considerably during the first two months of monsoon and

most of the roads have developed big pot holes.

Which of the following can be a possible effect of the above cause?

Options :

1. People always complain about potholed roads during the monsoon months

2. The municipal corporation has been careful in choosing the contractors for repairing roads in the past

3. A large number of people have developed spine related injuries after regularly commuting long distances

by road within the city

4. The municipal corporation had repaired all the roads in the city before onset of monsoon with good

quality material

5. None of the above


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : A large number of people have developed spine related injuries after regularly commuting long distances

by road within the city

Direction:
In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by some Conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even, if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and
then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly
known facts.

Question No. 16

Statements:

Only a few A are B

Some B are C

All C are D

Conclusions:

I. Some A are D

II. All B can never be D

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows.

2. If only conclusion II follows.

3. If either conclusion I or II follows.

4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

5. If both conclusions I and II follow.

Answer : If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Direction:
In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by some Conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even, if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and
then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly
known facts.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 17

Statements:

No power is electric

Only a few electrics are sources

All sources are work

Conclusions:

I. All work can never be power

II. Some sources are not power

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows.

2. If only conclusion II follows.

3. If either conclusion I or II follows.

4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

5. If both conclusions I and II follow.

Answer : If both conclusions I and II follow.

Direction:
In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by some Conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even, if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and
then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly
known facts.

Question No. 18

Statement:

All kiwis are mangoes.

Only a few mangoes are bananas.

Some kiwis are plums.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Conclusions:

I. Some plums are not be banana.

II. Some bananas are not mangoes.

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows.

2. If only conclusion II follows.

3. If either conclusion I or II follows.

4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

5. If both conclusions I and II follow.

Answer : If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Direction:
In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by some Conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even, if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and
then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly
known facts.

Question No. 19

Statement:

Only plastics are balloons.

All rubbers are plastics.

Only a few balls are rubbers.

Conclusions:

I. Some balls can be balloons.

II. Some plastics are not rubbers.

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

2. If only conclusion II follows.

3. If either conclusion I or II follows.

4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

5. If both conclusions I and II follow.

Answer : If only conclusion II follows.

Direction:
In each of the questions below are given some statements followed by some Conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even, if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and
then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly
known facts.

Question No. 20

Statement:

Only stick is safe.

Only a few ribbons are sticks.

No ribbon is wood.

Conclusions

I. All sticks being Ribbon is a possibility.

II. Some wood are not sticks.

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows.

2. If only conclusion II follows.

3. If either conclusion I or II follows.

4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

5. If both conclusions I and II follow.

Answer : If neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Seven persons lives on a seven storey building such that the ground floor is numbered as 1 and floor just above is

numbered as 2 and so on till the topmost floor which is numbered as 7. Each of them likes a different colour.

Two persons live between O and the one who likes Grey X lives on an odd numbered floor. The person who likes

Green lives on the fourth floor. Four persons live between the one who likes White and the one who likes Violet. M

lives above O but does not like Violet. Z does not like Violet. X lives immediately above Y and immediately below

W. N lives above the one who likes Blue and below the one who likes Yellow. Less than three persons live above O

who likes Magenta. The person who likes White lives below the person who likes Grey.

Question No. 21

Who among the following likes Grey?

Options :

1. N

2. M

3. Y

4. None of these

5. Z

Answer : Y

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Seven persons lives on a seven storey building such that the ground floor is numbered as 1 and floor just above is

numbered as 2 and so on till the topmost floor which is numbered as 7. Each of them likes a different colour.

Two persons live between O and the one who likes Grey X lives on an odd numbered floor. The person who likes

Green lives on the fourth floor. Four persons live between the one who likes White and the one who likes Violet. M

lives above O but does not like Violet. Z does not like Violet. X lives immediately above Y and immediately below

W. N lives above the one who likes Blue and below the one who likes Yellow. Less than three persons live above O

who likes Magenta. The person who likes White lives below the person who likes Grey.

Question No. 22
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Options :

1. Y- White

2. X- Blue

3. M- Green

4. W- Violet

5. N- Grey

Answer : X- Blue

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Seven persons lives on a seven storey building such that the ground floor is numbered as 1 and floor just above is

numbered as 2 and so on till the topmost floor which is numbered as 7. Each of them likes a different colour.

Two persons live between O and the one who likes Grey X lives on an odd numbered floor. The person who likes

Green lives on the fourth floor. Four persons live between the one who likes White and the one who likes Violet. M

lives above O but does not like Violet. Z does not like Violet. X lives immediately above Y and immediately below

W. N lives above the one who likes Blue and below the one who likes Yellow. Less than three persons live above O

who likes Magenta. The person who likes White lives below the person who likes Grey.

Question No. 23

Which of the following is not true regarding Y?

Options :

1. Y likes Blue

2. Y lives on 2nd floor

3. Y lives above W

4. Both 1 and 3

5. Both 2 and 3

Answer : Both 1 and 3

Direction:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Seven persons lives on a seven storey building such that the ground floor is numbered as 1 and floor just above is

numbered as 2 and so on till the topmost floor which is numbered as 7. Each of them likes a different colour.

Two persons live between O and the one who likes Grey X lives on an odd numbered floor. The person who likes

Green lives on the fourth floor. Four persons live between the one who likes White and the one who likes Violet. M

lives above O but does not like Violet. Z does not like Violet. X lives immediately above Y and immediately below

W. N lives above the one who likes Blue and below the one who likes Yellow. Less than three persons live above O

who likes Magenta. The person who likes White lives below the person who likes Grey.

Question No. 24

How many persons live above the one who likes White?

Options :

1. Two

2. None

3. More than three

4. One

5. Three

Answer : More than three

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Seven persons lives on a seven storey building such that the ground floor is numbered as 1 and floor just above is

numbered as 2 and so on till the topmost floor which is numbered as 7. Each of them likes a different colour.

Two persons live between O and the one who likes Grey X lives on an odd numbered floor. The person who likes

Green lives on the fourth floor. Four persons live between the one who likes White and the one who likes Violet. M

lives above O but does not like Violet. Z does not like Violet. X lives immediately above Y and immediately below

W. N lives above the one who likes Blue and below the one who likes Yellow. Less than three persons live above O

who likes Magenta. The person who likes White lives below the person who likes Grey.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 25

Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and hence form a group which of the following does not

belong to the group?

Options :

1. X- Grey

2. N- Green

3. M- Violet

4. Y- White

5. W- Blue

Answer : N- Green

Direction:

Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.

Q U ( 2 7 % ? R 6 < 9 3 D O K $ T H 4 * V 2 P 7 @ 4 Y # 5 & B >1

Question No. 26

How many such vowels are there in the above arrangement which are immediately followed by a number and

immediately preceded by a consonant?

Options :

1. Two

2. Three

3. One

4. None

5. None of these

Answer : None

Direction:

Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.

Q U ( 2 7 % ? R 6 < 9 3 D O K $ T H 4 * V 2 P 7 @ 4 Y # 5 & B >1


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 27

How many such symbols are there in the above arrangement which are immediately followed by a symbol and

immediately preceded by a number?

Options :

1. Three

2. One

3. Four

4. Two

5. None of these

Answer : One

Direction:

Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.

Q U ( 2 7 % ? R 6 < 9 3 D O K $ T H 4 * V 2 P 7 @ 4 Y # 5 & B >1

Question No. 28

What will come in place of ‘__’ in the following series based on the above arrangement? 7?2,

Options :

1. KHO

2. O$D

3. DK3

4. KTO

5. None of these

Answer : KTO

Direction:

Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.

QU(27%?R61
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 29

Which of the following element is 7th to the left of the one which is 18th from the left end of the given

arrangement?

Options :

1. @

2. D

3. V

4. 9

5. None of these

Answer : 9

Direction:

Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.

QU(27%?R61

Question No. 30

How many such numbers are there in the above arrangement which are immediately followed by a number but

not immediately preceded by a symbol?

Options :

1. Three

2. Two

3. None

4. One

5. None of these

Answer : None

Direction:

A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them

following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

are two-digit numbers and all are arranged as per some logic based on the value of the number)

Input: roast 31 shine just 32 29 zombie 45 instruct 52 75 evening

Step I: zombie 75 roast 31 shine just 32 29 45 instruct 52 evening

Step II: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 31 just 32 29 45 instruct evening

Step III: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 31 just 32 29 instruct evening

Step IV: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 31 29 instruct evening

Step V: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 29 instruct

Step VI: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 instruct 29

And Step VI is the last step of the above input. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out the

appropriate steps for the above input.

Input: engage 49 apple 94 opaque theme 30 72 unclear dent 68 quarrel 15

Question No. 31

How many steps will be required to complete the rearrangement?

Options :

1. six

2. seven

3. four

4. five

5. None of these

Answer : six

Direction:

A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them

following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers

are two-digit numbers and all are arranged as per some logic based on the value of the number)
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Input: roast 31 shine just 32 29 zombie 45 instruct 52 75 evening

Step I: zombie 75 roast 31 shine just 32 29 45 instruct 52 evening

Step II: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 31 just 32 29 45 instruct evening

Step III: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 31 just 32 29 instruct evening

Step IV: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 31 29 instruct evening

Step V: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 29 instruct

Step VI: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 instruct 29

And Step VI is the last step of the above input. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out the

appropriate steps for the above input.

Input: engage 49 apple 94 opaque theme 30 72 unclear dent 68 quarrel 15

Question No. 32

Which of the following would be at the fifth position from the right in step IV?

Options :

1. engage

2. 68

3. 49

4. apple

5. None of these

Answer : engage

Direction:

A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them

following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers

are two-digit numbers and all are arranged as per some logic based on the value of the number)

Input: roast 31 shine just 32 29 zombie 45 instruct 52 75 evening


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Step I: zombie 75 roast 31 shine just 32 29 45 instruct 52 evening

Step II: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 31 just 32 29 45 instruct evening

Step III: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 31 just 32 29 instruct evening

Step IV: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 31 29 instruct evening

Step V: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 29 instruct

Step VI: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 instruct 29

And Step VI is the last step of the above input. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out the

appropriate steps for the above input.

Input: engage 49 apple 94 opaque theme 30 72 unclear dent 68 quarrel 15

Question No. 33

Which step number would be the following output?

Theme 94 quarrel 72 dent 68 equal 49 apple unclear 30 opaque 15

Options :

1. Step VI

2. Step III

3. Step IV

4. There is not such step

5. None of these

Answer : There is not such step

Direction:

A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them

following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers

are two-digit numbers and all are arranged as per some logic based on the value of the number)

Input: roast 31 shine just 32 29 zombie 45 instruct 52 75 evening


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Step I: zombie 75 roast 31 shine just 32 29 45 instruct 52 evening

Step II: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 31 just 32 29 45 instruct evening

Step III: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 31 just 32 29 instruct evening

Step IV: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 31 29 instruct evening

Step V: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 29 instruct

Step VI: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 instruct 29

And Step VI is the last step of the above input. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out the

appropriate steps for the above input.

Input: engage 49 apple 94 opaque theme 30 72 unclear dent 68 quarrel 15

Question No. 34

If in the last step all the words get rearranged in alphabetical order, which of the following words will remain at its

original position?

Options :

1. apple

2. quarrel

3. opaque

4. unclear

5. None of these

Answer : unclear

Direction:

A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them

following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers

are two-digit numbers and all are arranged as per some logic based on the value of the number)

Input: roast 31 shine just 32 29 zombie 45 instruct 52 75 evening


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Step I: zombie 75 roast 31 shine just 32 29 45 instruct 52 evening

Step II: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 31 just 32 29 45 instruct evening

Step III: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 31 just 32 29 instruct evening

Step IV: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 31 29 instruct evening

Step V: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 29 instruct

Step VI: zombie 75 shine 52 roast 45 just 32 evening 31 instruct 29

And Step VI is the last step of the above input. As per the rules followed in the above steps, find out the

appropriate steps for the above input.

Input: engage 49 apple 94 opaque theme 30 72 unclear dent 68 quarrel 15

Question No. 35

How many words/numbers are there between "72" and "apple" in step II?

Options :

1. Four

2. Three

3. None

4. Two

5. None of these

Answer : Two

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight persons sit in a row and some of them are facing in south direction while rest of them are facing in north

direction. They all like different colours i.e. Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Grey, Blue, Magenta and Golden. P is an

immediate neighbour of the one who likes Golden. M likes Red and sits second to the right of T. Only one person

sits between the one who likes Magenta and T. The persons who like Golden and Magenta are not immediate

neighbours of each other. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits third to the right of M and faces same direction as T
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

but not north. T sits third to the left of the one who likes Golden. The person who likes Purple sits second to the

right of N who likes Blue. More than four persons sit between the persons who likes Yellow and Purple. P and O

face in north. Q sits to the immediate left of M and likes Golden. R faces same direction as S . Three persons sit

between P and T.

Question No. 36

If T likes Green then who among the following sits to the immediate right of the one who likes Grey?

Options :

1. S

2. The one who likes Yellow

3. Q

4. The one who likes Magenta

5. None of these

Answer : Q

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight persons sit in a row and some of them are facing in south direction while rest of them are facing in north

direction. They all like different colours i.e. Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Grey, Blue, Magenta and Golden. P is an

immediate neighbour of the one who likes Golden. M likes Red and sits second to the right of T. Only one person

sits between the one who likes Magenta and T. The persons who like Golden and Magenta are not immediate

neighbours of each other. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits third to the right of M and faces same direction as T

but not north. T sits third to the left of the one who likes Golden. The person who likes Purple sits second to the

right of N who likes Blue. More than four persons sit between the persons who likes Yellow and Purple. P and O

face in north. Q sits to the immediate left of M and likes Golden. R faces same direction as S . Three persons sit

between P and T.

Question No. 37

Four of the following are alike in a certain way and hence form a group find the one which does not like that

group?
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. T

2. S

3. R

4. O

5. Q

Answer : O

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight persons sit in a row and some of them are facing in south direction while rest of them are facing in north

direction. They all like different colours i.e. Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Grey, Blue, Magenta and Golden. P is an

immediate neighbour of the one who likes Golden. M likes Red and sits second to the right of T. Only one person

sits between the one who likes Magenta and T. The persons who like Golden and Magenta are not immediate

neighbours of each other. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits third to the right of M and faces same direction as T

but not north. T sits third to the left of the one who likes Golden. The person who likes Purple sits second to the

right of N who likes Blue. More than four persons sit between the persons who likes Yellow and Purple. P and O

face in north. Q sits to the immediate left of M and likes Golden. R faces same direction as S . Three persons sit

between P and T.

Question No. 38

Who among the following likes Magenta?

Options :

1. R

2. O

3. None of these

4. T

5. P

Answer : O
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight persons sit in a row and some of them are facing in south direction while rest of them are facing in north

direction. They all like different colours i.e. Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Grey, Blue, Magenta and Golden. P is an

immediate neighbour of the one who likes Golden. M likes Red and sits second to the right of T. Only one person

sits between the one who likes Magenta and T. The persons who like Golden and Magenta are not immediate

neighbours of each other. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits third to the right of M and faces same direction as T

but not north. T sits third to the left of the one who likes Golden. The person who likes Purple sits second to the

right of N who likes Blue. More than four persons sit between the persons who likes Yellow and Purple. P and O

face in north. Q sits to the immediate left of M and likes Golden. R faces same direction as S . Three persons sit

between P and T.

Question No. 39

How many persons sit between T and the one who likes Yellow?

Options :

1. Two

2. One

3. Four

4. Three

5. None of these

Answer : Four

Direction:
Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight persons sit in a row and some of them are facing in south direction while rest of them are facing in north

direction. They all like different colours i.e. Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Grey, Blue, Magenta and Golden. P is an

immediate neighbour of the one who likes Golden. M likes Red and sits second to the right of T. Only one person

sits between the one who likes Magenta and T. The persons who like Golden and Magenta are not immediate

neighbours of each other. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits third to the right of M and faces same direction as T

but not north. T sits third to the left of the one who likes Golden. The person who likes Purple sits second to the
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

right of N who likes Blue. More than four persons sit between the persons who likes Yellow and Purple. P and O

face in north. Q sits to the immediate left of M and likes Golden. R faces same direction as S . Three persons sit

between P and T.

Question No. 40

Who among the following sits third to the left of O?

Options :

1. The one who likes Purple

2. T

3. The one who likes Blue

4. P

5. None of these

Answer : The one who likes Blue

Direction:
Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.

In a certain code language –

“right have big fell” is written as “yh jp ng pr ”

“matter and money right” is written as “pr sa xu mt”

“life rural big religion have” is written as “ng kp fq fl jp ”

“visit added rural matter and” is written as “qz fq xu hc sa”

Question No. 41

What is the code for “fell and added”?

Options :

1. yh jp sa

2. qz pr yh
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. xu yh qz

4. qz sa xu

5. fl nt fq

Answer : xu yh qz

Direction:
Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.

In a certain code language –

“right have big fell” is written as “yh jp ng pr ”

“matter and money right” is written as “pr sa xu mt”

“life rural big religion have” is written as “ng kp fq fl jp ”

“visit added rural matter and” is written as “qz fq xu hc sa”

Question No. 42

Which of the following words are coded as “matter religion visit life”?

Options :

1. hc fl kp sa

2. pr fl ng jp

3. kp hc mt fl

4. qz fl kp yh

5. mt fl jp kp

Answer : hc fl kp sa

Direction:
Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.

In a certain code language –

“right have big fell” is written as “yh jp ng pr ”

“matter and money right” is written as “pr sa xu mt”


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

“life rural big religion have” is written as “ng kp fq fl jp ”

“visit added rural matter and” is written as “qz fq xu hc sa”

Question No. 43

What may be the code for “money life”?

Options :

1. fl kp

2. mt fq

3. kp mt

4. fl sa

5. yh mt

Answer : kp mt

Direction:
Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.

In a certain code language –

“right have big fell” is written as “yh jp ng pr ”

“matter and money right” is written as “pr sa xu mt”

“life rural big religion have” is written as “ng kp fq fl jp ”

“visit added rural matter and” is written as “qz fq xu hc sa”

Question No. 44

What may be the code for “fell”?

Options :

1. sa

2. hc
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. jp

4. yh

5. kp

Answer : yh

Direction:
Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.

In a certain code language –

“right have big fell” is written as “yh jp ng pr ”

“matter and money right” is written as “pr sa xu mt”

“life rural big religion have” is written as “ng kp fq fl jp ”

“visit added rural matter and” is written as “qz fq xu hc sa”

Question No. 45

What may be the code for “rural”?

Options :

1. fq

2. pr

3. ng

4. qz

5. hc

Answer : fq

Direction:
In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume
everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them
logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

Give answer:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 46

Statements: Jade plant has thick leaves and it requires little water.

Conclusions:

I. All plants with thick leaves require little water.

II. Jade plants may be grown in places where water is not in abundance.

Options :

1. If only conclusion I follows

2. If only conclusion II follows

3. If either I or II follows

4. If neither I nor II follows

5. If both I and II follow

Answer : If only conclusion II follows

Direction:
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent
causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the
other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the
relationship between these two statements.

Mark answer

Question No. 47

Statements: I. Indian Economy is observing remarkable growth.

II. Standard of living among the middle class society is constantly going up since part of few years.

Options :

1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.

2. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.

3. Both the statements I and II are independent causes.

4. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

5. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Answer : Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.

Direction:
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent
causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the
other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the
relationship between these two statements.

Mark answer

Question No. 48

Statements :

I. The Government has of earlier estimates. II. The meteorological Department has issued a statement mentioning

deficient rainfall during monsoon in many parts of the country.

Options :

1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.

2. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.

3. Both the statements I and II are independent causes.

4. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.

5. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Answer : Both the statements I and II are independent causes.

Direction:
Each of the questions below consists of a question and some statements given below it. You have to decide whether
the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read the statements and give answer.

Question No. 49

Six persons like different colors. Which color does Harin like?

Statement I: Arth doesn’t like Red, Brown and Yellow. Dravin doesn’t like Green, Brown and Blue.

Statement II: Luhit doesn’t like Red, Brown and Blue. Rithul doesn’t like Green, Brown and Pink.

Statement III: Narun doesn’t like Red, Pink and Blue. Harin doesn’t like Red, Brown and Green.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. If the data in statement II and III are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I are

not required to answer the question.

2. If the data in statement I and II together are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in

statement III are not required to answer the question.

3. If the data in all three statements I, II and III together are necessary to answer the question.

4. If the data in statement I and III together are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in

statement II are not required to answer the question.

5. If the data in all the statements, I, II and III even together are not sufficient to answer the question.

Answer : If the data in all the statements, I, II and III even together are not sufficient to answer the question.

Direction:
Each of the questions below, consist of a question and three statements numbered I, II and III. You have to decide
whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read the three statements and
Give answer

Question No. 50

Eight persons i.e. E, F, G, H, W, X, Y and Z are sitting in two rows. Four persons are sitting in each row. Persons

sitting in row 1 are facing north and Persons sitting in row 2 are facing south. Persons sitting in row 1 are facing the

persons are sitting in row 2. Who sits immediate right of Z?

Statement I: X and Z doesn’t sit at extreme end. X faces the person who sits next to E.

Statement II: Two persons sit between G and H. W sits immediate left of the person who faces Y.

Statement III: Y sits 2nd to the right of extreme end. G sits immediate left of the person who faces F.

Options :

1. If the data in statement II and III are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I are

not required to answer the question.

2. If the data in statement I and II together are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in

statement III are not required to answer the question.

3. If the data in all three statements I, II and III together are necessary to answer the question.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. If the data in statement I and III together are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in

statement II are not required to answer the question.

5. If the data in all the statements, I, II and III even together are not sufficient to answer the question.

Answer : If the data in all three statements I, II and III together are necessary to answer the question.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Some collect stamps. Some coins. Many take to painting or gardening or making handicrafts. There are hundreds of

hobbies that are pursued just for enjoyment. Amateur radio, or Ham as it is otherwise called, is a unique hobby. A

big attraction is that it allows you to communicate from anywhere: from the top of a mountain or from home, or

even from behind the wheel of a car, without relying on the Internet or a cell phone network. One can even talk to

astronauts aboard the International Space Station from your bedroom.

The current year, 2021, marks the centenary of the hobby in the country. In January 1921, Amarendra Chandra

Gooptu of then Calcutta became the first Indian to get the licence to be an amateur radio operator. He was soon

followed by Mukul Bose from the same city. However, the number of enthusiasts in India is very low, nearly 45,000.

Considering that the first public demonstration of electromagnetic waves was done by India’s pride and legend,

Jagadish Chandra Bose, this number is pitiable. A major reason for this is a lack of facilities for training and

inadequate information. Most get to know about amateur radio only during disasters such as floods and

earthquakes. Some positive movement happened in 1984, when the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi, himself an

amateur radio enthusiast, waived the import duty on wireless equipment. There have been some good initiatives

from the Narendra Modi government also. The Wireless and Planning Coordination Wing in the Union Ministry for

Communications, Electronics and Information Technology, which regulates amateur radio in India, has done a

commendable job by launching an online portal (www.saralsanchar.gov.in).

Radio transmission permits are closely controlled by governments because radio waves propagate beyond national

boundaries. There is thus a system of licensing in most countries for amateur radio operators. All countries that

license citizens to use amateur radio require them to pass an examination. The new portal has made the process of

getting the licence easier. Last year, some of us in the amateur radio community in the country came together and

provided training for newcomers. Called Open Source Class for Amateur Radio (OSCAR), it is a pan-India

programme. Anyone interested can enrol themselves on www.oscar.tsff.in .


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 51

Which of the following statements regarding an Amateur radio is correct, according to the passage?

(i) It is also known as Ham.

(ii) It does use an Internet or a cell phone network.

(iii) Using an Amateur radio, we can connect from anywhere in certain countries only.

(iv) It allows us to connect to astronauts at the International Space Station.

Options :

1. i, ii and iv

2. ii and iv only

3. i and iv only

4. i, iii and iv

5. All are correct

Answer : i and iv only

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Some collect stamps. Some coins. Many take to painting or gardening or making handicrafts. There are hundreds of

hobbies that are pursued just for enjoyment. Amateur radio, or Ham as it is otherwise called, is a unique hobby. A

big attraction is that it allows you to communicate from anywhere: from the top of a mountain or from home, or

even from behind the wheel of a car, without relying on the Internet or a cell phone network. One can even talk to

astronauts aboard the International Space Station from your bedroom.

The current year, 2021, marks the centenary of the hobby in the country. In January 1921, Amarendra Chandra

Gooptu of then Calcutta became the first Indian to get the licence to be an amateur radio operator. He was soon

followed by Mukul Bose from the same city. However, the number of enthusiasts in India is very low, nearly 45,000.

Considering that the first public demonstration of electromagnetic waves was done by India’s pride and legend,

Jagadish Chandra Bose, this number is pitiable. A major reason for this is a lack of facilities for training and

inadequate information. Most get to know about amateur radio only during disasters such as floods and

earthquakes. Some positive movement happened in 1984, when the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi, himself an
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

amateur radio enthusiast, waived the import duty on wireless equipment. There have been some good initiatives

from the Narendra Modi government also. The Wireless and Planning Coordination Wing in the Union Ministry for

Communications, Electronics and Information Technology, which regulates amateur radio in India, has done a

commendable job by launching an online portal (www.saralsanchar.gov.in).

Radio transmission permits are closely controlled by governments because radio waves propagate beyond national

boundaries. There is thus a system of licensing in most countries for amateur radio operators. All countries that

license citizens to use amateur radio require them to pass an examination. The new portal has made the process of

getting the licence easier. Last year, some of us in the amateur radio community in the country came together and

provided training for newcomers. Called Open Source Class for Amateur Radio (OSCAR), it is a pan-India

programme. Anyone interested can enrol themselves on www.oscar.tsff.in .

Question No. 52

What was one positive thing mentioned in the passage that happened in 1980s that led to a slight rise in

popularity of Ham?

Options :

1. A training on the usage of Ham was conducted during that time.

2. A natural calamity occurred resulting in disruption of conventional means of communication.

3. Import duty on wireless equipment was waived by the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi.

4. An online portal was launched for its promotion.

5. All of these

Answer : Import duty on wireless equipment was waived by the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Some collect stamps. Some coins. Many take to painting or gardening or making handicrafts. There are hundreds of

hobbies that are pursued just for enjoyment. Amateur radio, or Ham as it is otherwise called, is a unique hobby. A

big attraction is that it allows you to communicate from anywhere: from the top of a mountain or from home, or

even from behind the wheel of a car, without relying on the Internet or a cell phone network. One can even talk to

astronauts aboard the International Space Station from your bedroom.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

The current year, 2021, marks the centenary of the hobby in the country. In January 1921, Amarendra Chandra

Gooptu of then Calcutta became the first Indian to get the licence to be an amateur radio operator. He was soon

followed by Mukul Bose from the same city. However, the number of enthusiasts in India is very low, nearly 45,000.

Considering that the first public demonstration of electromagnetic waves was done by India’s pride and legend,

Jagadish Chandra Bose, this number is pitiable. A major reason for this is a lack of facilities for training and

inadequate information. Most get to know about amateur radio only during disasters such as floods and

earthquakes. Some positive movement happened in 1984, when the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi, himself an

amateur radio enthusiast, waived the import duty on wireless equipment. There have been some good initiatives

from the Narendra Modi government also. The Wireless and Planning Coordination Wing in the Union Ministry for

Communications, Electronics and Information Technology, which regulates amateur radio in India, has done a

commendable job by launching an online portal (www.saralsanchar.gov.in).

Radio transmission permits are closely controlled by governments because radio waves propagate beyond national

boundaries. There is thus a system of licensing in most countries for amateur radio operators. All countries that

license citizens to use amateur radio require them to pass an examination. The new portal has made the process of

getting the licence easier. Last year, some of us in the amateur radio community in the country came together and

provided training for newcomers. Called Open Source Class for Amateur Radio (OSCAR), it is a pan-India

programme. Anyone interested can enrol themselves on www.oscar.tsff.in .

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, April 04, 2021]

Question No. 53

Which of the following is not a synonym for the word ‘unique’?

Options :

1. eccentric

2. sui generis

3. quirky

4. idiosyncratic

5. customary

Answer : customary

Direction:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Some collect stamps. Some coins. Many take to painting or gardening or making handicrafts. There are hundreds of

hobbies that are pursued just for enjoyment. Amateur radio, or Ham as it is otherwise called, is a unique hobby. A

big attraction is that it allows you to communicate from anywhere: from the top of a mountain or from home, or

even from behind the wheel of a car, without relying on the Internet or a cell phone network. One can even talk to

astronauts aboard the International Space Station from your bedroom.

The current year, 2021, marks the centenary of the hobby in the country. In January 1921, Amarendra Chandra

Gooptu of then Calcutta became the first Indian to get the licence to be an amateur radio operator. He was soon

followed by Mukul Bose from the same city. However, the number of enthusiasts in India is very low, nearly 45,000.

Considering that the first public demonstration of electromagnetic waves was done by India’s pride and legend,

Jagadish Chandra Bose, this number is pitiable. A major reason for this is a lack of facilities for training and

inadequate information. Most get to know about amateur radio only during disasters such as floods and

earthquakes. Some positive movement happened in 1984, when the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi, himself an

amateur radio enthusiast, waived the import duty on wireless equipment. There have been some good initiatives

from the Narendra Modi government also. The Wireless and Planning Coordination Wing in the Union Ministry for

Communications, Electronics and Information Technology, which regulates amateur radio in India, has done a

commendable job by launching an online portal (www.saralsanchar.gov.in).

Radio transmission permits are closely controlled by governments because radio waves propagate beyond national

boundaries. There is thus a system of licensing in most countries for amateur radio operators. All countries that

license citizens to use amateur radio require them to pass an examination. The new portal has made the process of

getting the licence easier. Last year, some of us in the amateur radio community in the country came together and

provided training for newcomers. Called Open Source Class for Amateur Radio (OSCAR), it is a pan-India

programme. Anyone interested can enrol themselves on www.oscar.tsff.in .

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, April 04, 2021]

Question No. 54

Find a synonym from the options for the word ‘propagate’?

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. stifle

2. neutralize

3. breach

4. disseminate

5. stub

Answer : disseminate

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Some collect stamps. Some coins. Many take to painting or gardening or making handicrafts. There are hundreds of

hobbies that are pursued just for enjoyment. Amateur radio, or Ham as it is otherwise called, is a unique hobby. A

big attraction is that it allows you to communicate from anywhere: from the top of a mountain or from home, or

even from behind the wheel of a car, without relying on the Internet or a cell phone network. One can even talk to

astronauts aboard the International Space Station from your bedroom.

The current year, 2021, marks the centenary of the hobby in the country. In January 1921, Amarendra Chandra

Gooptu of then Calcutta became the first Indian to get the licence to be an amateur radio operator. He was soon

followed by Mukul Bose from the same city. However, the number of enthusiasts in India is very low, nearly 45,000.

Considering that the first public demonstration of electromagnetic waves was done by India’s pride and legend,

Jagadish Chandra Bose, this number is pitiable. A major reason for this is a lack of facilities for training and

inadequate information. Most get to know about amateur radio only during disasters such as floods and

earthquakes. Some positive movement happened in 1984, when the then Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi, himself an

amateur radio enthusiast, waived the import duty on wireless equipment. There have been some good initiatives

from the Narendra Modi government also. The Wireless and Planning Coordination Wing in the Union Ministry for

Communications, Electronics and Information Technology, which regulates amateur radio in India, has done a

commendable job by launching an online portal (www.saralsanchar.gov.in).

Radio transmission permits are closely controlled by governments because radio waves propagate beyond national

boundaries. There is thus a system of licensing in most countries for amateur radio operators. All countries that

license citizens to use amateur radio require them to pass an examination. The new portal has made the process of

getting the licence easier. Last year, some of us in the amateur radio community in the country came together and

provided training for newcomers. Called Open Source Class for Amateur Radio (OSCAR), it is a pan-India

programme. Anyone interested can enrol themselves on www.oscar.tsff.in .


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, April 04, 2021]

Question No. 55

Which of the following are correct according to the passage?

(i) The year 2021 marks the centenary of the invention of Amateur radio.

(ii) Mukul Bose from Calcutta became the second person to own an Amateur radio in the country.

(iii) Radio waves spread beyond national boundaries; hence radio transmission permits are controlled by

governments.

(iv) There is a system of licensing in all countries for amateur radio operators.

Options :

1. i, ii and iv

2. ii and iv only

3. ii, iii and iv

4. ii and iii only

5. All are incorrect

Answer : ii and iii only

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Carl Sagan once described Earth as a ‘small speck of dust’, a seemingly insignificant tiny particle. But dust has

incredible power: it is known to influence monsoons, hurricanes and even fertilize rainforests. A new study now

details how dust coming from the deserts in the West, Central and East Asia plays an important role in the Indian

Summer Monsoon.

The researchers also explain how the Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect and can increase the winds in

West Asia to produce yet more dust. Dust swarms from the desert when lifted by strong winds can absorb solar

radiation and become hot. This can cause heating of the atmosphere, change the air pressure, wind circulation

patterns, influence moisture transport and increase precipitation and rainfall. A strong monsoon can also transport

air to West Asia and again pick up a lot of dust. The researchers say this is a positive feedback loop. Lead author
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Qinjian Jin explains a new hypothesis formulated by the team. According to him, not just the dust from the Middle

East [West Asia], the Iranian Plateau also influences the Indian Summer Monsoon. The hot air over the Iranian

Plateau can heat the atmosphere over the plateau, strengthen the circulation over the deserts of the Arabian

Peninsula and increase dust emission from the Middle East [West Asia]. He also explains how deserts across the

globe play important roles in monsoons. The dust aerosols from deserts in West China such as the Taklamakan

desert and the Gobi Desert can be transported eastward to eastern China and can influence the East Asia summer

monsoon. And in the southwest United States, some small deserts can influence the North African monsoon.

When asked if anthropogenic dust from vehicles, mining, construction can influence monsoons, he explained that

some studies have found that the anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease

summer monsoon precipitation, while others found that absorbing aerosols such as dust can strengthen the

monsoon circulation. However, in their study, they used the carbon model to simulate the impact of anthropogenic

aerosols on India and the results showed that they can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The findings

were recently published in Earth-Science Reviews.

But why is it important to study dust? Many studies have shown that the dust emission scheme is extremely

sensitive to climate change and the team writes that understanding these mechanisms and effects of dust will

help understand the monsoon systems in the face of global climate change. The team has now planned to study

the minor components of desert dust aerosols. They used to think that dust from deserts across the globe will

have the same components, but now they know that different deserts have different chemical compositions and

this can influence the dust’s properties. For example, the dust from the Middle East [West Asia] has more

absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from North Africa and this difference in absorbing ability might

influence monsoon systems. The researchers have also planned to use high spatial resolution remote sensing to

identify source regions and create a better dust emission map. Also, they would be studying new drying lakes and

how dust from them can also play a role in the monsoons.

[Source: Sci-tech, The Hindu, 03 April, 2021]

Question No. 56

When can dust swarms from the desert absorb solar radiation and become hot, according to the passage?

Options :

1. When monsoon arrives.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

2. When lifted by strong winds.

3. When Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect.

4. When there is heavy rainfall in the adjoining areas.

5. When air pressure falls.

Answer : When lifted by strong winds.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Carl Sagan once described Earth as a ‘small speck of dust’, a seemingly insignificant tiny particle. But dust has

incredible power: it is known to influence monsoons, hurricanes and even fertilize rainforests. A new study now

details how dust coming from the deserts in the West, Central and East Asia plays an important role in the Indian

Summer Monsoon.

The researchers also explain how the Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect and can increase the winds in

West Asia to produce yet more dust. Dust swarms from the desert when lifted by strong winds can absorb solar

radiation and become hot. This can cause heating of the atmosphere, change the air pressure, wind circulation

patterns, influence moisture transport and increase precipitation and rainfall. A strong monsoon can also transport

air to West Asia and again pick up a lot of dust. The researchers say this is a positive feedback loop. Lead author

Qinjian Jin explains a new hypothesis formulated by the team. According to him, not just the dust from the Middle

East [West Asia], the Iranian Plateau also influences the Indian Summer Monsoon. The hot air over the Iranian

Plateau can heat the atmosphere over the plateau, strengthen the circulation over the deserts of the Arabian

Peninsula and increase dust emission from the Middle East [West Asia]. He also explains how deserts across the

globe play important roles in monsoons. The dust aerosols from deserts in West China such as the Taklamakan

desert and the Gobi Desert can be transported eastward to eastern China and can influence the East Asia summer

monsoon. And in the southwest United States, some small deserts can influence the North African monsoon.

When asked if anthropogenic dust from vehicles, mining, construction can influence monsoons, he explained that

some studies have found that the anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease

summer monsoon precipitation, while others found that absorbing aerosols such as dust can strengthen the

monsoon circulation. However, in their study, they used the carbon model to simulate the impact of anthropogenic

aerosols on India and the results showed that they can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The findings

were recently published in Earth-Science Reviews.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

But why is it important to study dust? Many studies have shown that the dust emission scheme is extremely

sensitive to climate change and the team writes that understanding these mechanisms and effects of dust will

help understand the monsoon systems in the face of global climate change. The team has now planned to study

the minor components of desert dust aerosols. They used to think that dust from deserts across the globe will

have the same components, but now they know that different deserts have different chemical compositions and

this can influence the dust’s properties. For example, the dust from the Middle East [West Asia] has more

absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from North Africa and this difference in absorbing ability might

influence monsoon systems. The researchers have also planned to use high spatial resolution remote sensing to

identify source regions and create a better dust emission map. Also, they would be studying new drying lakes and

how dust from them can also play a role in the monsoons.

[Source: Sci-tech, The Hindu, 03 April, 2021]

Question No. 57

Which of the following, explained by Qinjian Jin, can be inferred regarding the hypothesis formulated by the team?

(i) The dust from Iranian Plateau could influence the Indian Summer Monsoon.

(ii) The hot air going towards the Iranian Plateau can increase dust emission to the Middle East.

(iii) Taklamakan desert is a desert in West China.

(iv) The dust aerosols from the Gobi Desert can influence the East Asia summer monsoon.

Options :

1. Only i

2. i, ii and iv

3. i, iii and iv

4. ii and iv only

5. All are correct

Answer : i, iii and iv

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Carl Sagan once described Earth as a ‘small speck of dust’, a seemingly insignificant tiny particle. But dust has

incredible power: it is known to influence monsoons, hurricanes and even fertilize rainforests. A new study now

details how dust coming from the deserts in the West, Central and East Asia plays an important role in the Indian

Summer Monsoon.

The researchers also explain how the Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect and can increase the winds in

West Asia to produce yet more dust. Dust swarms from the desert when lifted by strong winds can absorb solar

radiation and become hot. This can cause heating of the atmosphere, change the air pressure, wind circulation

patterns, influence moisture transport and increase precipitation and rainfall. A strong monsoon can also transport

air to West Asia and again pick up a lot of dust. The researchers say this is a positive feedback loop. Lead author

Qinjian Jin explains a new hypothesis formulated by the team. According to him, not just the dust from the Middle

East [West Asia], the Iranian Plateau also influences the Indian Summer Monsoon. The hot air over the Iranian

Plateau can heat the atmosphere over the plateau, strengthen the circulation over the deserts of the Arabian

Peninsula and increase dust emission from the Middle East [West Asia]. He also explains how deserts across the

globe play important roles in monsoons. The dust aerosols from deserts in West China such as the Taklamakan

desert and the Gobi Desert can be transported eastward to eastern China and can influence the East Asia summer

monsoon. And in the southwest United States, some small deserts can influence the North African monsoon.

When asked if anthropogenic dust from vehicles, mining, construction can influence monsoons, he explained that

some studies have found that the anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease

summer monsoon precipitation, while others found that absorbing aerosols such as dust can strengthen the

monsoon circulation. However, in their study, they used the carbon model to simulate the impact of anthropogenic

aerosols on India and the results showed that they can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The findings

were recently published in Earth-Science Reviews.

But why is it important to study dust? Many studies have shown that the dust emission scheme is extremely

sensitive to climate change and the team writes that understanding these mechanisms and effects of dust will

help understand the monsoon systems in the face of global climate change. The team has now planned to study

the minor components of desert dust aerosols. They used to think that dust from deserts across the globe will

have the same components, but now they know that different deserts have different chemical compositions and

this can influence the dust’s properties. For example, the dust from the Middle East [West Asia] has more

absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from North Africa and this difference in absorbing ability might

influence monsoon systems. The researchers have also planned to use high spatial resolution remote sensing to
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

identify source regions and create a better dust emission map. Also, they would be studying new drying lakes and

how dust from them can also play a role in the monsoons.

[Source: Sci-tech, The Hindu, 03 April, 2021]

Question No. 58

Why did the researchers use a carbon model in their study?

Options :

1. to replicate the impact of man-made aerosols on India.

2. to demonstrate whether dust can strengthen the monsoon circulation.

3. to show that dust can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall.

4. to point out that anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease summer

monsoon precipitation.

5. to stimulate the anthropogenic aerosols.

Answer : to replicate the impact of man-made aerosols on India.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Carl Sagan once described Earth as a ‘small speck of dust’, a seemingly insignificant tiny particle. But dust has

incredible power: it is known to influence monsoons, hurricanes and even fertilize rainforests. A new study now

details how dust coming from the deserts in the West, Central and East Asia plays an important role in the Indian

Summer Monsoon.

The researchers also explain how the Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect and can increase the winds in

West Asia to produce yet more dust. Dust swarms from the desert when lifted by strong winds can absorb solar

radiation and become hot. This can cause heating of the atmosphere, change the air pressure, wind circulation

patterns, influence moisture transport and increase precipitation and rainfall. A strong monsoon can also transport

air to West Asia and again pick up a lot of dust. The researchers say this is a positive feedback loop. Lead author

Qinjian Jin explains a new hypothesis formulated by the team. According to him, not just the dust from the Middle

East [West Asia], the Iranian Plateau also influences the Indian Summer Monsoon. The hot air over the Iranian

Plateau can heat the atmosphere over the plateau, strengthen the circulation over the deserts of the Arabian
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Peninsula and increase dust emission from the Middle East [West Asia]. He also explains how deserts across the

globe play important roles in monsoons. The dust aerosols from deserts in West China such as the Taklamakan

desert and the Gobi Desert can be transported eastward to eastern China and can influence the East Asia summer

monsoon. And in the southwest United States, some small deserts can influence the North African monsoon.

When asked if anthropogenic dust from vehicles, mining, construction can influence monsoons, he explained that

some studies have found that the anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease

summer monsoon precipitation, while others found that absorbing aerosols such as dust can strengthen the

monsoon circulation. However, in their study, they used the carbon model to simulate the impact of anthropogenic

aerosols on India and the results showed that they can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The findings

were recently published in Earth-Science Reviews.

But why is it important to study dust? Many studies have shown that the dust emission scheme is extremely

sensitive to climate change and the team writes that understanding these mechanisms and effects of dust will

help understand the monsoon systems in the face of global climate change. The team has now planned to study

the minor components of desert dust aerosols. They used to think that dust from deserts across the globe will

have the same components, but now they know that different deserts have different chemical compositions and

this can influence the dust’s properties. For example, the dust from the Middle East [West Asia] has more

absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from North Africa and this difference in absorbing ability might

influence monsoon systems. The researchers have also planned to use high spatial resolution remote sensing to

identify source regions and create a better dust emission map. Also, they would be studying new drying lakes and

how dust from them can also play a role in the monsoons.

[Source: Sci-tech, The Hindu, 03 April, 2021]

Question No. 59

Which of the following is not a synonym to the word ‘simulate’?

Options :

1. spurious

2. ersatz

3. feign

4. corporeal
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

5. faux

Answer : corporeal

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Carl Sagan once described Earth as a ‘small speck of dust’, a seemingly insignificant tiny particle. But dust has

incredible power: it is known to influence monsoons, hurricanes and even fertilize rainforests. A new study now

details how dust coming from the deserts in the West, Central and East Asia plays an important role in the Indian

Summer Monsoon.

The researchers also explain how the Indian Summer Monsoon has a reverse effect and can increase the winds in

West Asia to produce yet more dust. Dust swarms from the desert when lifted by strong winds can absorb solar

radiation and become hot. This can cause heating of the atmosphere, change the air pressure, wind circulation

patterns, influence moisture transport and increase precipitation and rainfall. A strong monsoon can also transport

air to West Asia and again pick up a lot of dust. The researchers say this is a positive feedback loop. Lead author

Qinjian Jin explains a new hypothesis formulated by the team. According to him, not just the dust from the Middle

East [West Asia], the Iranian Plateau also influences the Indian Summer Monsoon. The hot air over the Iranian

Plateau can heat the atmosphere over the plateau, strengthen the circulation over the deserts of the Arabian

Peninsula and increase dust emission from the Middle East [West Asia]. He also explains how deserts across the

globe play important roles in monsoons. The dust aerosols from deserts in West China such as the Taklamakan

desert and the Gobi Desert can be transported eastward to eastern China and can influence the East Asia summer

monsoon. And in the southwest United States, some small deserts can influence the North African monsoon.

When asked if anthropogenic dust from vehicles, mining, construction can influence monsoons, he explained that

some studies have found that the anthropogenic aerosols emitted from the Indian subcontinent can decrease

summer monsoon precipitation, while others found that absorbing aerosols such as dust can strengthen the

monsoon circulation. However, in their study, they used the carbon model to simulate the impact of anthropogenic

aerosols on India and the results showed that they can strengthen Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The findings

were recently published in Earth-Science Reviews.

But why is it important to study dust? Many studies have shown that the dust emission scheme is extremely

sensitive to climate change and the team writes that understanding these mechanisms and effects of dust will

help understand the monsoon systems in the face of global climate change. The team has now planned to study
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

the minor components of desert dust aerosols. They used to think that dust from deserts across the globe will

have the same components, but now they know that different deserts have different chemical compositions and

this can influence the dust’s properties. For example, the dust from the Middle East [West Asia] has more

absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from North Africa and this difference in absorbing ability might

influence monsoon systems. The researchers have also planned to use high spatial resolution remote sensing to

identify source regions and create a better dust emission map. Also, they would be studying new drying lakes and

how dust from them can also play a role in the monsoons.

[Source: Sci-tech, The Hindu, 03 April, 2021]

Question No. 60

Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

(i) According to Carl Sagan, Earth is apparently an insignificant tiny particle.

(ii) The dust emission scheme being extremely sensitive to climate change is one reason the study of dust is

important.

(iii) The dust from North Africa has less absorbing ability of solar radiation than dust from West Asia.

(iv) The researchers would be studying new drying lakes and how dust from them can have negative impacts like

pollution.

Options :

1. i, ii and iii

2. ii, iii and iv

3. ii and iii only

4. i and iii only

5. All of these are correct

Answer : i, ii and iii

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

It is binding on a welfare state to take care of every single citizen. Securing the wellbeing of every one, particularly

those unable to help themselves, irrespective of whether they constitute a critical mass or not, is important. The

recent notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 after various interventions, including the court, is

pegged on this principle of inclusion. A good start, it offers financial support for one-time treatment of up to ₹20

lakh, introduces a crowdfunding mechanism, creates a registry of rare diseases, and provides for early detection. In

its final form, however, the policy has left the rare diseases lobby sorely disappointed on a crucial note. Rare

diseases are broadly defined as diseases that infrequently occur in a population, and three markers are used — the

total number of people with the disease, its prevalence, and the availability/non-availability of treatment options.

WHO defines rare disease as having a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people. As per an estimate, there are

7,000 known rare diseases with an estimated 300 million patients in the world; 70 million are in India. According to

the Organization for Rare Diseases India, these include inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital

malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies and Lysosomal

Storage Disorders (LSDs).

Much of the effort in the sector, from the medical side, has been to evolve formal definitions, in the hope that it

would support the development of and commercialisation of drugs for treatment, and improve funding for

research on rare diseases. Patient support groups have worked towards drumming up funding assistance for the

treatment — one time or continual. The notification of the Policy comes as a logical conclusion to a long-fought

battle, and yet, stops short of delivering the complete mandate. As per the Policy, diseases such as LSD for which

definitive treatment is available, but costs are prohibitive, have been categorised as Group 3. However, no funding

has been allocated for the immediate and lifelong treatment needs, for therapies already approved by the Drugs

Controller General of India. Experts point out that the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the

range of ₹80-₹100 crore annually. If the Centre can extend the cost-sharing agreements that it has worked out

with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, with other States too, its share of the annual costs will be halved. The

Centre can, however, still set aside a substantial corpus to fund life-saving treatments, even as it rolls out the

policy. Doing so will not only complete a job well begun — even if not yet half done — but also cement its

commitment towards the welfare of every single citizen in India.

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, 05 April, 2021]

Question No. 61

Which of the following statements regarding rare diseases are wrong?


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. According to the definition by WHO, a rare disease has a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people.

2. The three markers used to define a rare disease are- the total number of people with the disease, the

availability or non-availability of treatment options and its commonness.

3. There are 7,000 known rare diseases, as per an estimate with 300 million patients in the world, excluding

another 70 million in India.

4. Inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher

disease, etc. are some of the rare diseases according to the Organization for Rare Diseases India.

5. All are correct

Answer : There are 7,000 known rare diseases, as per an estimate with 300 million patients in the world, excluding

another 70 million in India.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

It is binding on a welfare state to take care of every single citizen. Securing the wellbeing of every one, particularly

those unable to help themselves, irrespective of whether they constitute a critical mass or not, is important. The

recent notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 after various interventions, including the court, is

pegged on this principle of inclusion. A good start, it offers financial support for one-time treatment of up to ₹20

lakh, introduces a crowdfunding mechanism, creates a registry of rare diseases, and provides for early detection. In

its final form, however, the policy has left the rare diseases lobby sorely disappointed on a crucial note. Rare

diseases are broadly defined as diseases that infrequently occur in a population, and three markers are used — the

total number of people with the disease, its prevalence, and the availability/non-availability of treatment options.

WHO defines rare disease as having a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people. As per an estimate, there are

7,000 known rare diseases with an estimated 300 million patients in the world; 70 million are in India. According to

the Organization for Rare Diseases India, these include inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital

malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies and Lysosomal

Storage Disorders (LSDs).

Much of the effort in the sector, from the medical side, has been to evolve formal definitions, in the hope that it

would support the development of and commercialisation of drugs for treatment, and improve funding for

research on rare diseases. Patient support groups have worked towards drumming up funding assistance for the

treatment — one time or continual. The notification of the Policy comes as a logical conclusion to a long-fought
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

battle, and yet, stops short of delivering the complete mandate. As per the Policy, diseases such as LSD for which

definitive treatment is available, but costs are prohibitive, have been categorised as Group 3. However, no funding

has been allocated for the immediate and lifelong treatment needs, for therapies already approved by the Drugs

Controller General of India. Experts point out that the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the

range of ₹80-₹100 crore annually. If the Centre can extend the cost-sharing agreements that it has worked out

with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, with other States too, its share of the annual costs will be halved. The

Centre can, however, still set aside a substantial corpus to fund life-saving treatments, even as it rolls out the

policy. Doing so will not only complete a job well begun — even if not yet half done — but also cement its

commitment towards the welfare of every single citizen in India.

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, 05 April, 2021]

Question No. 62

Which of the following is offered by the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021?

Options :

1. Financial support for one-time treatment of above Rs. 20 lakhs.

2. Introduction of a crowdfunding mechanism.

3. Creating a registry of common diseases.

4. Discouraging early detection

5. All of these

Answer : Introduction of a crowdfunding mechanism.

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

It is binding on a welfare state to take care of every single citizen. Securing the wellbeing of every one, particularly

those unable to help themselves, irrespective of whether they constitute a critical mass or not, is important. The

recent notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 after various interventions, including the court, is

pegged on this principle of inclusion. A good start, it offers financial support for one-time treatment of up to ₹20

lakh, introduces a crowdfunding mechanism, creates a registry of rare diseases, and provides for early detection. In

its final form, however, the policy has left the rare diseases lobby sorely disappointed on a crucial note. Rare

diseases are broadly defined as diseases that infrequently occur in a population, and three markers are used — the
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

total number of people with the disease, its prevalence, and the availability/non-availability of treatment options.

WHO defines rare disease as having a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people. As per an estimate, there are

7,000 known rare diseases with an estimated 300 million patients in the world; 70 million are in India. According to

the Organization for Rare Diseases India, these include inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital

malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies and Lysosomal

Storage Disorders (LSDs).

Much of the effort in the sector, from the medical side, has been to evolve formal definitions, in the hope that it

would support the development of and commercialisation of drugs for treatment, and improve funding for

research on rare diseases. Patient support groups have worked towards drumming up funding assistance for the

treatment — one time or continual. The notification of the Policy comes as a logical conclusion to a long-fought

battle, and yet, stops short of delivering the complete mandate. As per the Policy, diseases such as LSD for which

definitive treatment is available, but costs are prohibitive, have been categorised as Group 3. However, no funding

has been allocated for the immediate and lifelong treatment needs, for therapies already approved by the Drugs

Controller General of India. Experts point out that the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the

range of ₹80-₹100 crore annually. If the Centre can extend the cost-sharing agreements that it has worked out

with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, with other States too, its share of the annual costs will be halved. The

Centre can, however, still set aside a substantial corpus to fund life-saving treatments, even as it rolls out the

policy. Doing so will not only complete a job well begun — even if not yet half done — but also cement its

commitment towards the welfare of every single citizen in India.

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, 05 April, 2021]

Question No. 63

It important to evolve formal definitions of rare diseases because

(i) it would support the development of drugs for treatment

(ii) it will improve funding for research on rare diseases

(iii) much efforts are involved in it

(iv) it would support the commercialisation of drugs for treatment

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. i, ii and iv

2. i and iv

3. ii and iii

4. i, ii and iii

5. All of these

Answer : i, ii and iv

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

It is binding on a welfare state to take care of every single citizen. Securing the wellbeing of every one, particularly

those unable to help themselves, irrespective of whether they constitute a critical mass or not, is important. The

recent notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 after various interventions, including the court, is

pegged on this principle of inclusion. A good start, it offers financial support for one-time treatment of up to ₹20

lakh, introduces a crowdfunding mechanism, creates a registry of rare diseases, and provides for early detection. In

its final form, however, the policy has left the rare diseases lobby sorely disappointed on a crucial note. Rare

diseases are broadly defined as diseases that infrequently occur in a population, and three markers are used — the

total number of people with the disease, its prevalence, and the availability/non-availability of treatment options.

WHO defines rare disease as having a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people. As per an estimate, there are

7,000 known rare diseases with an estimated 300 million patients in the world; 70 million are in India. According to

the Organization for Rare Diseases India, these include inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital

malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies and Lysosomal

Storage Disorders (LSDs).

Much of the effort in the sector, from the medical side, has been to evolve formal definitions, in the hope that it

would support the development of and commercialisation of drugs for treatment, and improve funding for

research on rare diseases. Patient support groups have worked towards drumming up funding assistance for the

treatment — one time or continual. The notification of the Policy comes as a logical conclusion to a long-fought

battle, and yet, stops short of delivering the complete mandate. As per the Policy, diseases such as LSD for which

definitive treatment is available, but costs are prohibitive, have been categorised as Group 3. However, no funding

has been allocated for the immediate and lifelong treatment needs, for therapies already approved by the Drugs

Controller General of India. Experts point out that the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the

range of ₹80-₹100 crore annually. If the Centre can extend the cost-sharing agreements that it has worked out
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, with other States too, its share of the annual costs will be halved. The

Centre can, however, still set aside a substantial corpus to fund life-saving treatments, even as it rolls out the

policy. Doing so will not only complete a job well begun — even if not yet half done — but also cement its

commitment towards the welfare of every single citizen in India.

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, 05 April, 2021]

Question No. 64

Which of the following best describes the phrase ‘drumming up’ mean?

Options :

1. taking out with effort

2. improving the condition of

3. bringing about by persistent effort

4. withdrawing by fighting long battles

5. None of these

Answer : bringing about by persistent effort

Direction:
Direction: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.

It is binding on a welfare state to take care of every single citizen. Securing the wellbeing of every one, particularly

those unable to help themselves, irrespective of whether they constitute a critical mass or not, is important. The

recent notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 after various interventions, including the court, is

pegged on this principle of inclusion. A good start, it offers financial support for one-time treatment of up to ₹20

lakh, introduces a crowdfunding mechanism, creates a registry of rare diseases, and provides for early detection. In

its final form, however, the policy has left the rare diseases lobby sorely disappointed on a crucial note. Rare

diseases are broadly defined as diseases that infrequently occur in a population, and three markers are used — the

total number of people with the disease, its prevalence, and the availability/non-availability of treatment options.

WHO defines rare disease as having a frequency of less than 6.5-10 per 10,000 people. As per an estimate, there are

7,000 known rare diseases with an estimated 300 million patients in the world; 70 million are in India. According to

the Organization for Rare Diseases India, these include inherited cancers, autoimmune disorders, congenital

malformations, Hirschsprung’s disease, Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies and Lysosomal
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Storage Disorders (LSDs).

Much of the effort in the sector, from the medical side, has been to evolve formal definitions, in the hope that it

would support the development of and commercialisation of drugs for treatment, and improve funding for

research on rare diseases. Patient support groups have worked towards drumming up funding assistance for the

treatment — one time or continual. The notification of the Policy comes as a logical conclusion to a long-fought

battle, and yet, stops short of delivering the complete mandate. As per the Policy, diseases such as LSD for which

definitive treatment is available, but costs are prohibitive, have been categorised as Group 3. However, no funding

has been allocated for the immediate and lifelong treatment needs, for therapies already approved by the Drugs

Controller General of India. Experts point out that the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the

range of ₹80-₹100 crore annually. If the Centre can extend the cost-sharing agreements that it has worked out

with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, with other States too, its share of the annual costs will be halved. The

Centre can, however, still set aside a substantial corpus to fund life-saving treatments, even as it rolls out the

policy. Doing so will not only complete a job well begun — even if not yet half done — but also cement its

commitment towards the welfare of every single citizen in India.

[Source: Opinion, The Hindu, 05 April, 2021]

Question No. 65

Which of the following statements is correct, according to the passage?

(i) The notification of the National Policy for Rare Diseases 2021 came easily, without any legal battles.

(ii) No funding has been allocated for diseases that require immediate and lifelong treatment and for therapies

already approved by the Drugs Controller General of India.

(iii) According to some experts, the costs to help already-diagnosed patients might be in the range of ₹80-₹100

crore monthly.

(iv) The Centre has worked out cost-sharing agreements with Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

Options :

1. Only ii

2. i and ii
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. ii, iii and iv

4. ii and iv

5. None of these is correct

Answer : ii and iv

Direction:
Directions: In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

With book stores being shut and people moving to e-readers, this is a good time to look at the pros and cons of

each medium. The physicality of a print book literally adds weight to the reading experience by providing sensory

dimensions. The feel, look and even smell of (1) _____________ books are subconsciously processed, as we

absorb their contents. You might have read an insightful paragraph or a particular line and often can recall where

that line occurred. Further, we encountering the title and the author’s name each time we open/close the book

helps (2) __________ our memory. As e-books simply open to the page you’re on, you don’t see the names often,

making your memory of them shakier.

It is also easier to annotate on or scribble in the margin of print books. Of course, with e-books one can use key

words to find a relevant topic. Yes, print books take up space and many bibliophiles reluctantly shift to e-books as

their bookshelves grow (3) __________. The latter are great for travel; you can carry as many titles as you want

without feeling the weight. But they need to be charged and you need access to Wi-Fi networks to buy new

books. While print books can be borrowed and lent, we cannot share our favourite e-books. Books that rely heavily

on diagrams and illustrations are much more pleasurable to (4) ___________ in print. On the other hand, some

photographic articles on news sites convey messages poignantly and are relatively inexpensive; whereas printed

coffee-table books, though (5) ___________, can be a drain on the purse. Additionally, though we may be

sentimental about holding on to our favourite print books, they, like us, tend to age and wither with time. And, we

can’t discount the fact that print books require more trees to be felled.

Question No. 66

Choose the most appropriate word to fill in blank 1.

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. dog-eared

2. miserable

3. dogged

4. dubious

5. persistent

Answer : dog-eared

Direction:
Directions: In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

With book stores being shut and people moving to e-readers, this is a good time to look at the pros and cons of

each medium. The physicality of a print book literally adds weight to the reading experience by providing sensory

dimensions. The feel, look and even smell of (1) _____________ books are subconsciously processed, as we

absorb their contents. You might have read an insightful paragraph or a particular line and often can recall where

that line occurred. Further, we encountering the title and the author’s name each time we open/close the book

helps (2) __________ our memory. As e-books simply open to the page you’re on, you don’t see the names often,

making your memory of them shakier.

It is also easier to annotate on or scribble in the margin of print books. Of course, with e-books one can use key

words to find a relevant topic. Yes, print books take up space and many bibliophiles reluctantly shift to e-books as

their bookshelves grow (3) __________. The latter are great for travel; you can carry as many titles as you want

without feeling the weight. But they need to be charged and you need access to Wi-Fi networks to buy new

books. While print books can be borrowed and lent, we cannot share our favourite e-books. Books that rely heavily

on diagrams and illustrations are much more pleasurable to (4) ___________ in print. On the other hand, some

photographic articles on news sites convey messages poignantly and are relatively inexpensive; whereas printed

coffee-table books, though (5) ___________, can be a drain on the purse. Additionally, though we may be

sentimental about holding on to our favourite print books, they, like us, tend to age and wither with time. And, we

can’t discount the fact that print books require more trees to be felled.

Question No. 67

Choose the most appropriate word to fill in blank 2.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. evade

2. deceive

3. dodge

4. consolidate

5. squander

Answer : consolidate

Direction:
Directions: In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

With book stores being shut and people moving to e-readers, this is a good time to look at the pros and cons of

each medium. The physicality of a print book literally adds weight to the reading experience by providing sensory

dimensions. The feel, look and even smell of (1) _____________ books are subconsciously processed, as we

absorb their contents. You might have read an insightful paragraph or a particular line and often can recall where

that line occurred. Further, we encountering the title and the author’s name each time we open/close the book

helps (2) __________ our memory. As e-books simply open to the page you’re on, you don’t see the names often,

making your memory of them shakier.

It is also easier to annotate on or scribble in the margin of print books. Of course, with e-books one can use key

words to find a relevant topic. Yes, print books take up space and many bibliophiles reluctantly shift to e-books as

their bookshelves grow (3) __________. The latter are great for travel; you can carry as many titles as you want

without feeling the weight. But they need to be charged and you need access to Wi-Fi networks to buy new

books. While print books can be borrowed and lent, we cannot share our favourite e-books. Books that rely heavily

on diagrams and illustrations are much more pleasurable to (4) ___________ in print. On the other hand, some

photographic articles on news sites convey messages poignantly and are relatively inexpensive; whereas printed

coffee-table books, though (5) ___________, can be a drain on the purse. Additionally, though we may be

sentimental about holding on to our favourite print books, they, like us, tend to age and wither with time. And, we

can’t discount the fact that print books require more trees to be felled.

Question No. 68
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Choose the most appropriate word to fill in blank 3.

Options :

1. abate

2. crammed

3. slack

4. berate

5. poignant

Answer : crammed

Direction:
Directions: In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

With book stores being shut and people moving to e-readers, this is a good time to look at the pros and cons of

each medium. The physicality of a print book literally adds weight to the reading experience by providing sensory

dimensions. The feel, look and even smell of (1) _____________ books are subconsciously processed, as we

absorb their contents. You might have read an insightful paragraph or a particular line and often can recall where

that line occurred. Further, we encountering the title and the author’s name each time we open/close the book

helps (2) __________ our memory. As e-books simply open to the page you’re on, you don’t see the names often,

making your memory of them shakier.

It is also easier to annotate on or scribble in the margin of print books. Of course, with e-books one can use key

words to find a relevant topic. Yes, print books take up space and many bibliophiles reluctantly shift to e-books as

their bookshelves grow (3) __________. The latter are great for travel; you can carry as many titles as you want

without feeling the weight. But they need to be charged and you need access to Wi-Fi networks to buy new

books. While print books can be borrowed and lent, we cannot share our favourite e-books. Books that rely heavily

on diagrams and illustrations are much more pleasurable to (4) ___________ in print. On the other hand, some

photographic articles on news sites convey messages poignantly and are relatively inexpensive; whereas printed

coffee-table books, though (5) ___________, can be a drain on the purse. Additionally, though we may be

sentimental about holding on to our favourite print books, they, like us, tend to age and wither with time. And, we

can’t discount the fact that print books require more trees to be felled.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 69

Choose the most appropriate word to fill in blank 4.

Options :

1. pursuit

2. pursue

3. pursuing

4. persuade

5. persuasive

Answer : pursue

Direction:
Directions: In the given passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Against each five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.

With book stores being shut and people moving to e-readers, this is a good time to look at the pros and cons of

each medium. The physicality of a print book literally adds weight to the reading experience by providing sensory

dimensions. The feel, look and even smell of (1) _____________ books are subconsciously processed, as we

absorb their contents. You might have read an insightful paragraph or a particular line and often can recall where

that line occurred. Further, we encountering the title and the author’s name each time we open/close the book

helps (2) __________ our memory. As e-books simply open to the page you’re on, you don’t see the names often,

making your memory of them shakier.

It is also easier to annotate on or scribble in the margin of print books. Of course, with e-books one can use key

words to find a relevant topic. Yes, print books take up space and many bibliophiles reluctantly shift to e-books as

their bookshelves grow (3) __________. The latter are great for travel; you can carry as many titles as you want

without feeling the weight. But they need to be charged and you need access to Wi-Fi networks to buy new

books. While print books can be borrowed and lent, we cannot share our favourite e-books. Books that rely heavily

on diagrams and illustrations are much more pleasurable to (4) ___________ in print. On the other hand, some

photographic articles on news sites convey messages poignantly and are relatively inexpensive; whereas printed

coffee-table books, though (5) ___________, can be a drain on the purse. Additionally, though we may be

sentimental about holding on to our favourite print books, they, like us, tend to age and wither with time. And, we

can’t discount the fact that print books require more trees to be felled.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 70

Choose the most appropriate word to fill in blank 5.

Options :

1. economic

2. cheap

3. essential

4. exquisite

5. incumbent

Answer : exquisite

Direction:
Directions: In the questions given below a few sentences are given which are grammatically correct and
meaningful. Connect them by the word given above the statements in the best possible way without changing the
intended meaning. Choose your answer accordingly from the options to form a correct, coherent sentence.

Question No. 71

CONVERSELY

(i) India called off its plan to construct a multi-million ecotourism project at the banks of Brahmaputra river,

considering the shallow waters of the river

(ii) The butterfly park, an ecotourism project at the Nilgiris will start its renovation from next month

th
(iii) The Chinese parliament adopted the 14 five-year plan that envisages a controversial hydropower dam on

Brahmaputra river

(iv) The proposal for the dam in China was adopted in the presence of President Xi Jinping and other senior

leaders.

Options :

1. Only iii-iv

2. Only ii-iii

3. Both i-ii and i-iii


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. Both i-iii and ii-iv

5. None of these

Answer : Both i-ii and i-iii

Direction:
Directions: In the questions given below a few sentences are given which are grammatically correct and
meaningful. Connect them by the word given above the statements in the best possible way without changing the
intended meaning. Choose your answer accordingly from the options to form a correct, coherent sentence.

Question No. 72

CONSEQUENTLY

(i) Last week, Elon Musk tweeted that customers could buy a Tesla with bitcoin

(ii) Like other crypto currencies, bitcoin is still little used for commerce in major economies

(iii) Bitcoin, the world's biggest digital currency, rose more than 4% and was last trading at $56,429

(iv) Considering its growing popularity, General Motors Co. said it would evaluate whether bitcoin could be

accepted as payment for its vehicles.

Options :

1. Only i-iii

2. Only ii-iv

3. i-ii and ii-iv

4. i-iii and ii-iii

5. None of these

Answer : Only i-iii

Direction:
Directions: In the questions given below a few sentences are given which are grammatically correct and
meaningful. Connect them by the word given above the statements in the best possible way without changing the
intended meaning. Choose your answer accordingly from the options to form a correct, coherent sentence.

Question No. 73
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

NEVERTHELESS

(i) Details from more than 500 million Facebook users have been found available on a website for hackers

(ii) The details of users appear to be several years old

(iii) In 2018, Facebook disabled a feature that allowed users to search for one another via phone number

(iv) The availability of data is another example of the vast amount of information collected by Facebook and other

social media sites

Options :

1. Only i-iv

2. Only ii-iv

3. i-iii and ii-iv

4. iii-ii and i-iv

5. None of these

Answer : Only ii-iv

Direction:
Directions: Five statements are given below, which are jumbled in any random order. These statements will form a
coherent and meaningful paragraph, when arranged in the correct sequence. Arrange the sentences in the right
order and answer the questions that follow.

Study links behavioural issues in pre-schoolers to excessive use of smartphones and gadgets.

(A) The responses were used to calculate a daily average for programme watching, game playing and total screen

time.

(B) They drew out participants in the Finnish CHILD-SLEEP longitudinal birth cohort study, which has regularly

tracked children’s health and/or psychological wellbeing from before birth (32 weeks) up to the age of five, via

parental questionnaires.

(C) Parents reported how much time their child spent using electronic media at 18 months and five years of age,

both during the week and at the weekend.

(D) Patterns of children’s electronic media usage were changing rapidly and the researchers wanted to find out if

extensive electronic media use among young children might affect their psychological health and wellbeing by the
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

time they reach the age of five.

(E) The researchers found that extended use of all electronic media at 18 months was associated with a 59%

heightened risk of peer relationship problems by the age of five, and lengthy programme viewing was associated

with a heightened risk of several psychological problems.

Question No. 74

Which among the following will be the third sentence of the paragraph after rearrangement, considering A, B, C, D

and E make the paragraph?

Options :

1. A

2. D

3. E

4. B

5. C

Answer : C

Direction:
Directions: Five statements are given below, which are jumbled in any random order. These statements will form a
coherent and meaningful paragraph, when arranged in the correct sequence. Arrange the sentences in the right
order and answer the questions that follow.

Study links behavioural issues in pre-schoolers to excessive use of smartphones and gadgets.

(A) The responses were used to calculate a daily average for programme watching, game playing and total screen

time.

(B) They drew out participants in the Finnish CHILD-SLEEP longitudinal birth cohort study, which has regularly

tracked children’s health and/or psychological wellbeing from before birth (32 weeks) up to the age of five, via

parental questionnaires.

(C) Parents reported how much time their child spent using electronic media at 18 months and five years of age,

both during the week and at the weekend.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

(D) Patterns of children’s electronic media usage were changing rapidly and the researchers wanted to find out if

extensive electronic media use among young children might affect their psychological health and wellbeing by the

time they reach the age of five.

(E) The researchers found that extended use of all electronic media at 18 months was associated with a 59%

heightened risk of peer relationship problems by the age of five, and lengthy programme viewing was associated

with a heightened risk of several psychological problems.

Question No. 75

Which among the following will be the second sentence of the paragraph after rearrangement, considering A, B, C,

D and E make the paragraph?

Options :

1. A

2. D

3. E

4. B

5. C

Answer : B

Direction:
Directions: Five statements are given below, which are jumbled in any random order. These statements will form a
coherent and meaningful paragraph, when arranged in the correct sequence. Arrange the sentences in the right
order and answer the questions that follow.

Study links behavioural issues in pre-schoolers to excessive use of smartphones and gadgets.

(A) The responses were used to calculate a daily average for programme watching, game playing and total screen

time.

(B) They drew out participants in the Finnish CHILD-SLEEP longitudinal birth cohort study, which has regularly

tracked children’s health and/or psychological wellbeing from before birth (32 weeks) up to the age of five, via

parental questionnaires.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

(C) Parents reported how much time their child spent using electronic media at 18 months and five years of age,

both during the week and at the weekend.

(D) Patterns of children’s electronic media usage were changing rapidly and the researchers wanted to find out if

extensive electronic media use among young children might affect their psychological health and wellbeing by the

time they reach the age of five.

(E) The researchers found that extended use of all electronic media at 18 months was associated with a 59%

heightened risk of peer relationship problems by the age of five, and lengthy programme viewing was associated

with a heightened risk of several psychological problems.

Question No. 76

Which among the following will be the last sentence of the paragraph after rearrangement, considering A, B, C, D

and E make the paragraph?

Options :

1. A

2. D

3. E

4. B

5. C

Answer : E

Direction:
Directions: Five statements are given below, which are jumbled in any random order. These statements will form a
coherent and meaningful paragraph, when arranged in the correct sequence. Arrange the sentences in the right
order and answer the questions that follow.

Study links behavioural issues in pre-schoolers to excessive use of smartphones and gadgets.

(A) The responses were used to calculate a daily average for programme watching, game playing and total screen

time.

(B) They drew out participants in the Finnish CHILD-SLEEP longitudinal birth cohort study, which has regularly

tracked children’s health and/or psychological wellbeing from before birth (32 weeks) up to the age of five, via
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

parental questionnaires.

(C) Parents reported how much time their child spent using electronic media at 18 months and five years of age,

both during the week and at the weekend.

(D) Patterns of children’s electronic media usage were changing rapidly and the researchers wanted to find out if

extensive electronic media use among young children might affect their psychological health and wellbeing by the

time they reach the age of five.

(E) The researchers found that extended use of all electronic media at 18 months was associated with a 59%

heightened risk of peer relationship problems by the age of five, and lengthy programme viewing was associated

with a heightened risk of several psychological problems.

Question No. 77

Which among the following will be the first sentence of the paragraph after rearrangement, considering A, B, C, D

and E make the paragraph?

Options :

1. A

2. D

3. E

4. B

5. C

Answer : D

Direction:
Directions: In the given questions, a statement with a blank is given. Fill the blank with the most suitable
idiom/phrase to make the statement meaningful and complete.

Question No. 78

The rising temperature in the city reduces the demand for meat products whereas fruits like oranges, grapes and

muskmelons ___________ the shelves.

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. fly up

2. fly off

3. fly by

4. fly away

5. fly cast

Answer : fly off

Direction:
Directions: In the given questions, a statement with a blank is given. Fill the blank with the most suitable
idiom/phrase to make the statement meaningful and complete.

Question No. 79

The pandemic struck at a time when we were least expecting it, but India has __________ well till now.

Options :

1. held over

2. held for

3. held open

4. held up

5. held of

Answer : held up

Direction:
Directions: In the given questions, a statement with a blank is given. Fill the blank with the most suitable
idiom/phrase to make the statement meaningful and complete.

Question No. 80

Last week, Russia opened up about its secret trade relationship with Iran and just then, the USA realized that they

have been ______________ this whole time by trying to procure the deal from Iran.

Options :

1. Biting off more than they can chew


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

2. Judging a book by its cover

3. Flogging a dead horse

4. Adding insult to injury

5. Beat around the bush

Answer : Flogging a dead horse

Direction:
Directions: In the given questions, a statement with a blank is given. Fill the blank with the most suitable
idiom/phrase to make the statement meaningful and complete.

Question No. 81

Going to the reunion after getting out of the jail was really hard for him and he thought everyone would

_______________, but he was wrong.

Options :

1. give him a cold shoulder

2. get a second wind

3. go on a wild goose chase

4. steal his thunder

5. bite the bullet

Answer : give him a cold shoulder

Direction:
Directions: In the given questions, a statement with a blank is given. Fill the blank with the most suitable
idiom/phrase to make the statement meaningful and complete.

Question No. 82

Our relationship is so messed up that, for every point I make, he will play __________.

Options :

1. fit as a fiddle

2. on the ball
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. speak of the devil

4. a dime a dozen

5. devil’s advocate

Answer : devil’s advocate

Direction:
Choose the combination that completes the sentence.

Question No. 83

(A) The post 2009 crackdown on Northeast Indian separatists by the Hasina government

(i) on

(D) over how to address some of these issues.

(B) Much behind the scenes, work is already

(ii) of

(E) the single most important factor leading to a huge drop in insurgency there.

(C) Bangladesh has a top diplomat in Delhi who knows India

(iii) been

(F) his previous postings to the country.

Options :

1. A-iii-D

2. B-i-D

3. C-ii-E

4. A-ii-F and C-i-D

5. None of these

Answer : B-i-D

Direction:
Choose the combination that completes the sentence.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 84

(A) Spiking Covid infections across multiple states have raised fears

(i) that

(D) night curfew has been clamped in Bhopal and some other cities.

(B) A number of Maharashtra districts have opted for lockdown

(ii) which

(E) economically disruptive blunt instruments still find takers.

(C) It is surprising as

(iii) this

(F) this could be the onset of a second wave in India.

Options :

1. A-i-F

2. B-ii-D

3. C-iii-E

4. B-ii-E

5. Both A and C

Answer : A-i-F

Direction:
Choose the combination that completes the sentence.

Question No. 85

(A) The offer for sale for the government’s 16.1% stake in Tata Communications closed

(i) of

(D) the total bid a little over 4.6 crore shares that are being divested.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

(B) The retail production in the OFS was subscribed 1.4 times

(ii) when

(E) the last day of bidding.

(C) The divestment will clear the way

(iii) with

(F) Tata Sons to manage Tata Comm’s affairs solely.

Options :

1. A-i-D

2. B-ii-E

3. C-iii-F

4. A-iii-D

5. Both A and C

Answer : A-iii-D

Direction:
Choose the combination that completes the sentence.

Question No. 86 (A) The temperatures are soaring and watermelon sellers are witnessing brisk business (i)

over (D) lower inflammation, stress and improves heart health. (B) Nutritionists recommend watermelon as it is rich

in vitamin C and minerals (ii) that (E) sales having gone up significantly. (C) Over the past 10 days almost all the

stock is sold and customers (iii) has been (F) returning after a day or two for more.

Options :

1. A-i-E

2. B-ii-D

3. C-iii-F

4. A-ii-D

5. Both B and C

Answer : B-ii-D
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Direction:
Directions: In each question below, a sentence is given with a part of it printed in bold type. That part may contain
a grammatical error. Each sentence is followed by phrases 1), 2), 3) and 4). Find out which phrase should replace
the phrase given in bold to correct the error, if there is any, and to make the sentence grammatically meaningful
and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark 5) as the answer.

Question No. 87

Former Microsoft Ventures director has pleaded guilty on wire fraud and money laundering regarding his scheme

to obtain over $5.5 million in Paycheck Protection Program loans and laundering the proceeds.

Options :

1. had pleaded guilty on

2. has pleaded guilty for

3. has pleaded guilty to

4. had pleaded guilty in

5. No correction required

Answer : has pleaded guilty to

Direction:
Directions: In each question below, a sentence is given with a part of it printed in bold type. That part may contain
a grammatical error. Each sentence is followed by phrases 1), 2), 3) and 4). Find out which phrase should replace
the phrase given in bold to correct the error, if there is any, and to make the sentence grammatically meaningful
and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark 5) as the answer.

Question No. 88

As the PM packs his bags for a historic trip to Dhaka, he can look back with satisfaction at India’s signature bilateral

relationship with Bangladesh, that some think constitutes the edifice of his neighbourhood outreach.

Options :

1. constitutes the dentifrice of his neighbourhood outreach

2. constitute the edifice of his neighbourhood outreach

3. constitutes the edifice of his neighbourhood outstretch

4. constitutes the edifice by his neighbourhood outreach

5. No correction required
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : No correction required

Direction:
Directions: In each question below, a sentence is given with a part of it printed in bold type. That part may contain
a grammatical error. Each sentence is followed by phrases 1), 2), 3) and 4). Find out which phrase should replace
the phrase given in bold to correct the error, if there is any, and to make the sentence grammatically meaningful
and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark 5) as the answer.

Question No. 89

The Indian Embassy in Philippines said it had received complaints of an “education mafia” of agents and colleges

who conspired to exhort money.

Options :

1. who conspired to extort money

2. who conspire to export money

3. which conspired to exhort money

4. who has been conspired to exhorted money

5. No error

Answer : who conspired to extort money

Direction:
Directions: In each question below, a sentence is given with a part of it printed in bold type. That part may contain
a grammatical error. Each sentence is followed by phrases 1), 2), 3) and 4). Find out which phrase should replace
the phrase given in bold to correct the error, if there is any, and to make the sentence grammatically meaningful
and correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark 5) as the answer.

Question No. 90

Before coming, this Covid virus had made its own travel to itinerary and in that it was clearly stated that it is going

to stay for one year only on Planet Earth.

Options :

1. travel to itinerary and by that it was clearly stated

2. travel to itinerary and for that it was clearly stated

3. travel to itinerary and in it was clearly stated

4. travel itinerary and in that it was clearly stated


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

5. No correction required

Answer : travel itinerary and in that it was clearly stated

Question No. 91

Which of the following define a page break?

Options :

1. Breaking a page of the document into small paragraphs

2. Breaking a page of the document into smaller parts

3. Starting the next part of the document on a new page

4. Breaking a page of the documents into small sentences

5. None of these

Answer : Starting the next part of the document on a new page

Question No. 92

Full form of POST is

Options :

1. Power on System Test

2. Power Off System Test

3. Program on System Test

4. Power-On Self-Test

5. Power On System Test

Answer : Power-On Self-Test

Question No. 93

Which of the following is not a System Software?

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. Operating Software

2. Loader

3. Data driver

4. Firmware

5. Spreadsheet

Answer : Spreadsheet

Question No. 94

Function of Ctrl + Alt + > is ________

Options :

1. Increase the font size one value

2. Remove paragraph

3. Choose the spelling command

4. Repeat the last action

5. None of these

Answer : Increase the font size one value

Question No. 95

A program controls the various computer parts and allows the user to interact with the computer is known as

Options :

1. Database program

2. Utility software

3. Operating software

4. Word processing software

5. None of these

Answer : Operating software


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 96

To create multimedia presentation a specialised program is used, what is it?

Options :

1. Desktop publishing program

2. Illustration program

3. multimedia authoring program

4. Web authoring program

5. None of these

Answer : multimedia authoring program

Question No. 97

The other name of knowledge based system is

Options :

1. a database management system

2. a perception system

3. a conventional system

4. an expert system

5. None of these

Answer : an expert system

Question No. 98

It provides the basic structure for a particular kind of documents is known as

Options :

1. patches

2. template

3. wizards
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. macros

5. None of these

Answer : template

Question No. 99

A personal computer contains all the following except

Options :

1. Microprocessor

2. Serial Interface

3. Disk controller

4. Modem

5. None of these

Answer : Modem

Question No. 100

An assembler is a

Options :

1. language

2. program

3. symbol

4. memory

5. None of these

Answer : program

Question No. 101

Which of the following is the largest storage unit.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. Gigabyte

2. Megabyte

3. Terabyte

4. Kilobyte

5. None of these

Answer : Terabyte

Question No. 102

Animation are created with ____________programs.

Options :

1. CGI

2. IGF

3. CAD

4. JPG

5. None of these

Answer : CGI

Question No. 103

DSL stands for

Options :

1. Digital Subscriber Line

2. Divisible Source Line

3. Data Subscriber Line

4. Dual Source Line

5. None of these

Answer : Digital Subscriber Line


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 104

Which of the following program runs in parts on several computers?

Options :

1. Recursive

2. distributed

3. delegated

4. spread

5. None of these

Answer : distributed

Question No. 105

CTRL + J is the shortcut key used in

Options :

1. MS Access

2. MS PowerPoint

3. MS Excel

4. Database

5. None of these

Answer : MS PowerPoint

Question No. 106

Which of the following is used in laser printer to transfer the image to the paper?

Options :

1. drum

2. roller

3. laser
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. tonner

5. None of these

Answer : drum

Question No. 107

It refers to how fast the disk or memory can locate and begin retrieving a specific piece of information or transfer

data to the CPU.

Options :

1. CPU speed

2. Clock speed

3. Access time

4. a processing cycle

5. None of these

Answer : Access time

Question No. 108

A Backup refers to

Options :

1. Adding more components to your network

2. Accessing data on tape

3. Filtering old data from the new one

4. Protecting data by copying it from the original source to a different destination

5. None of these

Answer : Protecting data by copying it from the original source to a different destination

Question No. 109

A name assigned to a document by a user is called


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. program

2. record

3. data

4. filename

5. None of these

Answer : filename

Question No. 110

Embedded computer can be defined as

Options :

1. a computer that is part of a larger computer

2. a program that is permanent part of a computer

3. a program that comes wrapped in a box

4. a computer and software that controls a machine or appliance

5. None of these

Answer : a computer and software that controls a machine or appliance

Question No. 111

Who is the regulator of ECGC?

Options :

1. Ministry of Finance

2. Ministry of Commerce and Industry

3. Ministry of External Affairs

4. Ministry of Corporate Affairs

5. Ministry of Home Affairs

Answer : Ministry of Commerce and Industry


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 112

The Theme for National Youth Day 2021 was?

Options :

1. Youth for digital India.

2. Yuvaah - Utsah Naye Bharat Ka

3. Transforming Youth and Young

4. Streamline Education

5. None of these

Answer : Yuvaah - Utsah Naye Bharat Ka

Question No. 113

Under which ministry the “Sugamya Bharat App” is being launched?

Options :

1. Ministry of Consumer Affairs

2. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment

3. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

4. Ministry of Labor and Employment

5. None of these

Answer : Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment

Question No. 114

How many countries are members of the Arctic Council?

Options :

1. Seven

2. Six

3. Nine
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. Eight

5. Ten

Answer : Eight

Question No. 115

Who is the current CAG(Comptroller and Auditor General of India) of India?

Options :

1. Girish Chandra Murmu

2. Nitin Gadkari

3. Rajiv Mehrishi

4. Shashi Kant Sharma

5. Vijayendra Nath Kaul

Answer : Girish Chandra Murmu

Question No. 116

The GST Council was constituted under which Indian Constitution article?

Options :

1. Article 269 A

2. Article 279 A

3. Article 246 A

4. Article 101

5. None of these

Answer : Article 279 A

Question No. 117

Which of the following Indian beaches got the Blue flag Certification and is Asia’s only beach to get this?
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. Golden Beach

2. Eden Beach

3. Chandrabhaga Beach

4. Ghoghla Beach

5. Kovalam Beach

Answer : Chandrabhaga Beach

Question No. 118

Which of the following movies has been awarded with Best Motion Movie for Golden Globe Award 2021?

Options :

1. Irishman

2. Nomadland

3. Promising Young Woman

4. Mank

5. The Father

Answer : Nomadland

Question No. 119

In the 5G NR wireless technology, what does NR stand for?

Options :

1. New Radio

2. New Ratio

3. New Range

4. New Rate

5.

Answer : New Radio


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 120

What was the old name of State Bank of India which got nationalized in the year 1955?

Options :

1. Union Trust of India Bank(UTI)

2. Imperial Bank of India

3. Marathwada Grameen Bank

4. Parur Central Bank

5. None of these

Answer : Imperial Bank of India

Question No. 121

_______ is the World’s first electronic stock market in the world.

Options :

1. NYSE

2. Bloomberg

3. S&P Global

4. Thomson Reuters

5. NASDAQ

Answer : NASDAQ

Question No. 122

In the Union Budget 2021- 22, the government has proposed how many new modern fishing harbors?

Options :

1. Three

2. Two

3. Four
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

4. Five

5. None of these

Answer : Five

Question No. 123

The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) came into existence in the year 1999, it was

established on the recommendation of which committee?

Options :

1. Malhotra Committee

2. P K Mohanty Committee

3. Pradip Shah Committee

4. Kelkar Committee

5. Vaghul Committee

Answer : Malhotra Committee

Question No. 124

Which of the following companies became the highest investor in Bitcoin in the year 2021?

Options :

1. Microstrategy

2. Tesla

3. Galaxy Digital Holdings

4. Square Inc.

5. Marathon Digital Holdings

Answer : Tesla

Question No. 125

______ won the title of best all rounder in Icc Test Ranking 2021.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. Jason Holder

2. Ravichandran Ashwin

3. Ravindra Jadeja

4. Shakib Al Hasan

5. Ben Stokes

Answer : Jason Holder

Question No. 126

The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) comes under which ministry?

Options :

1. Ministry of Finance

2. Ministry of Commerce and Industry

3. Ministry of Statistics and Program

4. Ministry of Consumer Affairs

5. None of these

Answer : Ministry of Statistics and Program

Question No. 127

To form and promote new 10,000 FPO’s in the country, how much Rs allocation was passed in the union budget

2021-22?

Options :

1. Rs 6,010 crore

2. Rs 6,865 crore

3. Rs 6,000 crore

4. Rs 7,900 crore

5. None of these
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : Rs 6,865 crore

Question No. 128

What is the maximum limit for gold investing in a Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme by a trust?

Options :

1. 10 kg

2. 30 kg

3. 20 kg

4. 25 kg

5. 15 kg

Answer : 20 kg

Question No. 129

The Nobel Peace Prize for which year was awarded to the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)?

Options :

1. 2021

2. 2020

3. 2019

4. 2018

5. 2017

Answer : 2020

Question No. 130

COBRA is a special operation unit of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) of India proficient in guerrilla tactics

and jungle warfare. In this what does R stand for?

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. Reconciliation

2. Revenge

3. Resolute

4. Room

5. Reusable

Answer : Resolute

Question No. 131

Who is the chairman of PMEAC?

Options :

1. Vinodanand Jha

2. Hemant Rasne

3. Ritesh Chauhan

4. Bibek Debroy

5. None of these

Answer : Bibek Debroy

Question No. 132

When is the World Olympic Day celebrated every year?

Options :

1. June 22

2. June 30

3. June 21

4. June 23

5. June 25

Answer : June 23
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 133

WTO(World Trade Organization) is the successor of which organization?

Options :

1. GATT

2. OECD

3. UNCTAD

4. UNDP

5. NAFTA

Answer : GATT

Question No. 134

______ state tableau won the best tableau award on 2021 republic day?

Options :

1. Uttar Pradesh

2. Maharashtra

3. Punjab

4. West Bengal

5. Gujarat

Answer : Uttar Pradesh

Question No. 135

Which two banks have tied up for a strategic co-lending service that will facilitate retail home loans at competitive

rates.

Options :

1. PNB Housing Finance and Yes Bank

2. HDFC Housing Finance and SBI Bank


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. IIFL Housing Finance Limited and HDFC Bank

4. LIC Housing Finance Limited and Yes Bank

5. None of these

Answer : PNB Housing Finance and Yes Bank

Question No. 136

Sindhudurg Fort is the fort in which state of India?

Options :

1. Rajasthan

2. Gujarat

3. Maharashtra

4. Madhya Pradesh

5. Andhra Pradesh

Answer : Maharashtra

Question No. 137

The hosting country for “Climate and Development Summit” to be held in March 2021 is?

Options :

1. China

2. Russia

3. United Kingdom

4. Brazil

5. Egypt

Answer : United Kingdom

Question No. 138

Who is the author of the book “Palace of Illusions”?


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. Arvind Adiga

2. Amitav Ghosh

3. Vikas Swarup

4. Durjoy Datta

5. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni

Answer : Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni

Question No. 139

Where in India the first LNG Terminal is being established?

Options :

1. Rajasthan

2. Gujarat

3. Andhra Pradesh

4. Assam

5. Madhya Pradesh

Answer : Gujarat

Question No. 140

What is the authorized capital of ECGC?

Options :

1. Rs 2500 crore

2. Rs 5000 crore

3. Rs 3500 crore

4. Rs 4000 crore

5. Rs 3600 crore

Answer : Rs 5000 crore


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 141

Which university was planned to be established in the union budget 2021-22?

Options :

1. University of Leh

2. University of Jammu

3. University of Hyderabad

4. Rishihood University

5. None of these

Answer : University of Leh

Question No. 142

Reliance Jio has bagged how much % in the auction of 4G spectrum which also got the tag of highest bidder?

Options :

1. More than 75%

2. More than 60%

3. More than 40%

4. More than 50%

5. More than 85%

Answer : More than 50%

Question No. 143

On February 15, 2021, Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Ltd (APSEZ) completed acquisition of Dighi Port

Limited (DPL) for Rs 705 crore in the state_______.

Options :

1. Kerala

2. Tamil Nadu
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

3. Maharashtra

4. Gujarat

5. Goa

Answer : Maharashtra

Question No. 144

_____ state sweet Mihidana with the GI tag has been exported to Bahrain recently?

Options :

1. Assam

2. Madhya Pradesh

3. West Bengal

4. Bihar

5.

Answer : West Bengal

Question No. 145

Where in India the first Mega Leather Park will be established?

Options :

1. Uttarakhand

2. Rajasthan

3. Madhya Pradesh

4. Uttar Pradesh

5. Maharashtra

Answer : Uttar Pradesh

Question No. 146

Who is the author of the book “New Wealth of Nations”?


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. Amitabh Kant

2. Surjit Bhalla

3. Samir Soni

4. Salman Rushdie

5. Bimal Jalan

Answer : Surjit Bhalla

Question No. 147

Recently Elon Musk spacecraft company SpaceX launched ____ satellites beating India’s record?

Options :

1. 130

2. 143

3. 149

4. 126

5. 102

Answer : 143

Question No. 148

Who is the brand ambassador of Arogya Setu app?

Options :

1. Virat Kohli

2. Shahrukh Khan

3. Salman Khan

4. Ajay Devgun

5. Ayushman Khurana

Answer : Ajay Devgun


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 149

The minimum amount of Gold Reserves to be held by the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) ?

Options :

1. 110 crore

2. 120 crore

3. 115 crore

4. 100 crore

5. 122 crore

Answer : 115 crore

Question No. 150

What amount of IPO (Initial Public Offering) has been issued by the Utkarsh Small Finance Bank in 2021?

Options :

1. 700 crores

2. 550 crores

3. 800 crores

4. 650 crores

5. 750 crores

Answer : 750 crores

Direction:
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series?

Question No. 151

11 26 87 ? 1845 11106

Options :

1. 384
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

2. 374

3. 354

4. 364

5. 344

Answer : 364

Direction:
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series?

Question No. 152

160 ? 120 300 1050 4725

Options :

1. 140

2. 80

3. 110

4. 130

5. 4680

Answer : 80

Direction:
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series?

Question No. 153

? 3600 180 12 1.2 0.24

Options :

1. 45000

2. 24000

3. 90000

4. 48000

5. 64000
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : 90000

Direction:
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series?

Question No. 154

150 151 142 ? 118 199

Options :

1. 167

2. 177

3. 147

4. 157

5. 127

Answer : 167

Direction:
What should come in place of question mark (?) in the following number series?

Question No. 155

21 10 9 ? 22 52.5

Options :

1. 18

2. 15

3. 21

4. 11

5. 12

Answer : 12

Direction:
Answer the questions based on the information given below.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

The data given below show the number of male and female who visited Kedarkantha from 4 different cities i.e.

Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Jaipur.

There are 3420 people who visited the Kedarkantha from the Hyderabad. Total number of male from Hyderabad is

580 less than the number of female from same cities who visited the Kedarkantha. Total number of female who

visited Kedarkantha from Kolkalta is half the number of male from same city. Ratio between total number of male

who visited Kedarkantha from Delhi and Jaipur are in the ratio of 1:2. Number of Female from Jaipur is 2400 which

is 400 less than the number of female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha. Total number of female and male from

all the cities who visited Kedarkantha is 10,000 and 11,340 respectively.

Question No. 156

Find the total number of male and female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha?

Options :

1. 4240

2. 4460

3. 4320

4. 4480

5. None of these

Answer : 4240

Direction:
Answer the questions based on the information given below.

The data given below show the number of male and female who visited Kedarkantha from 4 different cities i.e.

Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Jaipur.

There are 3420 people who visited the Kedarkantha from the Hyderabad. Total number of male from Hyderabad is

580 less than the number of female from same cities who visited the Kedarkantha. Total number of female who

visited Kedarkantha from Kolkalta is half the number of male from same city. Ratio between total number of male

who visited Kedarkantha from Delhi and Jaipur are in the ratio of 1:2. Number of Female from Jaipur is 2400 which

is 400 less than the number of female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha. Total number of female and male from

all the cities who visited Kedarkantha is 10,000 and 11,340 respectively.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 157

Find the ratio between total number of male from Hyderabad and Jaipur who visited the Kedarkantha?

Options :

1. 51:134

2. 71:144

3. 41:114

4. 61:164

5. None of these

Answer : 71:144

Direction:
Answer the questions based on the information given below.

The data given below show the number of male and female who visited Kedarkantha from 4 different cities i.e.

Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Jaipur.

There are 3420 people who visited the Kedarkantha from the Hyderabad. Total number of male from Hyderabad is

580 less than the number of female from same cities who visited the Kedarkantha. Total number of female who

visited Kedarkantha from Kolkalta is half the number of male from same city. Ratio between total number of male

who visited Kedarkantha from Delhi and Jaipur are in the ratio of 1:2. Number of Female from Jaipur is 2400 which

is 400 less than the number of female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha. Total number of female and male from

all the cities who visited Kedarkantha is 10,000 and 11,340 respectively.

Question No. 158

Find the average number of Female from Hyderabad, Jaipur and Delhi together?

Options :

1. 3600

2. 2400

3. 2800

4. 2000
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

5. None of these

Answer : 2400

Direction:
Answer the questions based on the information given below.

The data given below show the number of male and female who visited Kedarkantha from 4 different cities i.e.

Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Jaipur.

There are 3420 people who visited the Kedarkantha from the Hyderabad. Total number of male from Hyderabad is

580 less than the number of female from same cities who visited the Kedarkantha. Total number of female who

visited Kedarkantha from Kolkalta is half the number of male from same city. Ratio between total number of male

who visited Kedarkantha from Delhi and Jaipur are in the ratio of 1:2. Number of Female from Jaipur is 2400 which

is 400 less than the number of female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha. Total number of female and male from

all the cities who visited Kedarkantha is 10,000 and 11,340 respectively.

Question No. 159

Number of male who visited Kedarkantha from Kolkata is what % of total number of people from Jaipur who

visited Kedarkantha?

Options :

1. 112.24%

2. 102.16%

3. 106.06%

4. 118.32%

5. None of these

Answer : 106.06%

Direction:
Answer the questions based on the information given below.

The data given below show the number of male and female who visited Kedarkantha from 4 different cities i.e.

Hyderabad, Kolkata, Delhi and Jaipur.


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

There are 3420 people who visited the Kedarkantha from the Hyderabad. Total number of male from Hyderabad is

580 less than the number of female from same cities who visited the Kedarkantha. Total number of female who

visited Kedarkantha from Kolkalta is half the number of male from same city. Ratio between total number of male

who visited Kedarkantha from Delhi and Jaipur are in the ratio of 1:2. Number of Female from Jaipur is 2400 which

is 400 less than the number of female from Delhi who visited Kedarkantha. Total number of female and male from

all the cities who visited Kedarkantha is 10,000 and 11,340 respectively.

Question No. 160

Find the difference between total number of population from Jaipur and Hyderabad who visited Kedarkantha?

Options :

1. 1860

2. 1620

3. 1740

4. 1930

5. None of these

Answer : 1860

Question No. 161

Two trains are running on parallel lines in the same direction at the speed of 76 km/h and 40 km/h respectively. The

faster train crosses a man in the slower train in 55 second. If the length of the slower train is 7/11th of the faster

train, then find the length of the slower train.

Options :

1. 350m

2. 372m

3. 240m

4. 385m

5. None of these

Answer : 350m
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 162

The average price of 10 stickers is Rs.12 while the average price of 8 of these stickers is Rs.11.75. Of the remaining

two stickers, if the price of one sticker is 60% more than the price of the other, then what is the price of each of

these two stickers?

Options :

1. Rs. 10, 16

2. Rs. 31.2, 46.8

3. Rs. 20, 30

4. Rs. 25, 30

5. None of these

Answer : Rs. 10, 16

Question No. 163

The average weight of lsquo;xrsquo; persons is 33 kg. The average weight of (x ndash; 16) women is 45 kg, the

average weight of (x ndash; 30) children is 40 kg, and the average weight of (x ndash; 33) men is 40 kg. Find the

value of lsquo;xrsquo;, if total person is the sum of men, women and children.

Options :

1. 40

2. 32.5

3. 45

4. 36

5. 27.5

Answer : 36

Question No. 164

A man can row at a speed of 20 km/hr in still water to a certain upstream point and back to the starting point in a

river which flows at 5 km/hr. Find his average speed for total journey.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. 11.25 km/hr

2. 18.75 km/hr

3. 22.5 km/hr

4. 7.5 km/hr

5. 10.5 km/hr

Answer : 18.75 km/hr

Question No. 165

B invests 40% of his monthly salary on Travelling and 25% of remaining on Food. Again, he invested 20% of the

remaining (after travelling and food expenses) on Rent. If he invested Rs. 7,200 on Rent and Food, then find his

monthly salary.

Options :

1. 15000

2. 25000

3. 30000

4. 37500

5. None of these

Answer : 30000

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.

There are two types of Air conditioners sold by 5 different companies: Voltas, Blue star, LG, Daikin and Haier.

The following Line graph given information about total number air conditioners sold by the company and total

number of Split AC sold.

Total AC = Total Window AC + Total Split AC


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 166

If split AC are two types A and B for each company and window AC are two types for each company type X and

type Y. The number of type A split AC sold by Voltas are 1815 and number of type Y Window AC sold by Voltas are

1780 then find type B split AC sold by Voltas is approx. how much % more or less than type X window AC sold by

Voltas?

Options :

1. 36%more

2. 12%less

3. 24%more

4. 18%less

5. None of these

Answer : 36%more

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.

There are two types of Air conditioners sold by 5 different companies: Voltas, Blue star, LG, Daikin and Haier.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

The following Line graph given information about total number air conditioners sold by the company and total

number of Split AC sold.

Total AC = Total Window AC + Total Split AC

Question No. 167

Find the difference between average number of total AC sold by LG, Daikin and Haier together and average

number of windows AC together by same companies?

Options :

1. 2325

2. 2475

3. 2165

4. 2545

5. None of these

Answer : 2545

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.

There are two types of Air conditioners sold by 5 different companies: Voltas, Blue star, LG, Daikin and Haier.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

The following Line graph given information about total number air conditioners sold by the company and total

number of Split AC sold.

Total AC = Total Window AC + Total Split AC

Question No. 168

Total number of Windows AC sold by Daikin and blue star together is how much % more or less than total number

of Window AC sold by Haier?

Options :

1. 6.8% less

2. 7.6% less

3. 4.2% less

4. 8.4% less

5. None of these

Answer : 7.6% less

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.

There are two types of Air conditioners sold by 5 different companies: Voltas, Blue star, LG, Daikin and Haier.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

The following Line graph given information about total number air conditioners sold by the company and total

number of Split AC sold.

Total AC = Total Window AC + Total Split AC

Question No. 169

If price of each LG window AC is Rs. 12000 which is 20% more than price of each LG Split AC and price of each Blue

star Split AC is Rs. 10500 which is 75% more than price of each Blue star Window AC. Find the total revenue

generated by LG from Split AC and Blue star from window AC?

Options :

1. 246.40 lakhs

2. 232.30 lakhs

3. 266.20 lakhs

4. 274.80 lakhs

5. None of these

Answer : 266.20 lakhs

Direction:
Read the following information carefully and answer the following questions based on it.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

There are two types of Air conditioners sold by 5 different companies: Voltas, Blue star, LG, Daikin and Haier.

The following Line graph given information about total number air conditioners sold by the company and total

number of Split AC sold.

Total AC = Total Window AC + Total Split AC

Question No. 170

If 80% of total Split AC manufactured by all companies together is Sold and 90% of total window AC

manufactured by all companies together are sold, then find total number of AC manufactured by all companies

together?

Options :

1. 33280

2. 33210

3. 36740

4. 39250

5. 35220

Answer : 35220
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 171

A wholesaler mark up his good such that he can gain 8% profit after giving 10% discount to his customers. One

particular customer availed a discount of 12% only. If the profit earned by the trader from this cutomer is Rs. 50.4,

then, what is the cost price of the good?

Options :

1. Rs. 700

2. Rs. 800

3. Rs. 500

4. Rs. 900

5. None of these

Answer : Rs. 900

Question No. 172

A man invested Rs.45000 in a fixed deposit scheme for 3 yrs at CI of 12% p.a. How much
will a man get on maturity of the fixed deposit?

Options :

1. 28121.6

2. 63221.76

3. 23456.6

4. 45326.02

5. None of these

Answer : 63221.76

Question No. 173

One type of liquid contains 15% of benzene, the other contains 20% of benzene. A can is filled with 6 parts of the

first liquid and 4 parts of the second liquid. Find the percentage of benzene in the new mixture.

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. 27%

2. 32%

3. 22%

4. 17%

5. 24%

Answer : 17%

Question No. 174

A, B and C can complete the whole work in 20 days. A starts the work and works for ‘x’ days while B and C

complete the remaining 3/5 of the work in 15 days, then find the value of ‘x’.

Options :

1. 25 days

2. 30 days

3. 53 days

4. 40 days

5. None of these

Answer : 40 days

Question No. 175

Ali the barber shaved 38% of his customers and gave a haircut to 76% of his customers. He charged Rs. 12 for a

shave and Rs. 9 for a haircut. If 25% of customers who opted for a shave also had a hair-cut, what were

Ali's earnings if he had 130 customers (in Rs.)?

Options :

1. 1482

2. 336

3. 711

4. 1292

5. 1850
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : 1482

Direction:
What approximate value should come in place of the question-mark(?) in the following question (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value).

Question No. 176

14.8% of 7200 – 16.4% of 6200 + 15.09% of 8100 = 10% of ?

Options :

1. 13030

2. 1280

3. 1170

4. 1670

5. 1490

Answer : 13030

Direction:
What approximate value should come in place of the question-mark(?) in the following question (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value).

Question No. 177

√(10201) × √(7224.78 ) ÷ 16.69 + 2010.375 = ?

Options :

1. 2891

2. 2515

3. 3279

4. 1980

5. 2090

Answer : 2090

Direction:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

What approximate value should come in place of the question-mark(?) in the following question (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value).

Question No. 178

(14.073)² + (32.103)² + (43.9653)² + (52.983)² + ? = (102.45)² + (98.007)²

Options :

1. 15897

2. 14043

3. 13671

4. 17389

5. 14823

Answer : 14043

Direction:
What approximate value should come in place of the question-mark(?) in the following question (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value).

Question No. 179

15.975 x 27.825 + (76.01)² + 12.98 x 18.026 = ?

Options :

1. 6458

2. 7229

3. 6110

4. 7119

5. 7521

Answer : 6458

Direction:
What approximate value should come in place of the question-mark(?) in the following question (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value).
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 180

7.75% of 825.13 + 82.11% of 950.06 – 12.22% of 1050 =?

Options :

1. 612

2. 781

3. 719

4. 679

5. 653

Answer : 719

Direction:
Each question given below contains a statement followed by quantity I and quantity II. Find both to find the
relationship among them. Mark your answer according

Question No. 181

Quantity I: A student multiplied a number by 15 instead of 20. What is the % error in the
calculation?

Quantity II: The population of a town is 4,68,000. 1/5 of them are males. If 35% of males are
married and number of married females is 3.5 times of married males. Find the percent of married
females out of total females in the town?

Options :

1. Quantity I > Quantity II

2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

3. Quantity I < Quantity II

4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

5. Quantity I = Quantity II or No relation can be established

Answer : Quantity I &lt; Quantity II

Direction:
In the following questions, two quantities are given as Quantity I and Quantity II. By finding these quantities give
corresponding answer.
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 182

If the cost price of the article is 70% of the mark price and there is a discount of Rs. 50 on the marked price. There is

a profit of 20% on selling the item.

Quantity I : CP of the article

Quantity II : Rs. 217.75

Options :

1. Quantity I > Quantity II

2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

3. Quantity II > Quantity I

4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established

Answer : Quantity I &gt; Quantity II

Direction:
In the following questions, two quantities are given as Quantity I and Quantity II. By finding these quantities give
corresponding answer.

Question No. 183

Quantity I: Difference between the largest and the smallest sum. A sum of Rs. 2880 is lent out in three parts in

such a way that the interests on first part at 4% for 6 years, second part at 6% for 8 years and third part at 8% for

10 years are equal.

Quantity II: Rs. 2460

Options :

1. Quantity I < Quantity II

2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

3. Quantity II < Quantity I

4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : Quantity I &lt; Quantity II

Direction:

Study the following information carefully and answer the Questions given below:

Question No. 184

What is the larger number?

Quantity I. Difference between the two numbers is 15 and LCM and HCF of those numbers are 90 and 15

respectively.

Quantity II. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 5 and 100 respectively. If the sum of the two numbers is 45.

Options :

1. Quantity I > Quantity II

2. Quantity I < Quantity II

3. Quantity I≥ Quantity II

4. Quantity I≤ Quantity II

5. Quantity I = Quantity II or No relation can be established

Answer : Quantity I > Quantity II

Direction:
Each question given below contains a statement followed by quantity I and quantity II. Find both to find the
relationship among them. Mark your answer according

Question No. 185

Quantity I: A student multiplied a number by 3/5 instead of 5/3 . What is the % error in the calculation?

Quantity II: The population of a town is 2,34,000. 4/9 of them are males . If 30% of males are married and number

of married females is 2.5 times of married males. Find the percent of married females out of total females in the

town?

Options :

1. Quantity I > Quantity II


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

3. Quantity I< Quantity II

4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

5. Quantity I = Quantity II or No relation can be established

Answer : Quantity I > Quantity II

Question No. 186

Train A leaves a station at a certain time and at a fixed speed. After 4 hours, Train B leaves the same station and

moves in the same direction at a uniform speed of 140 kmph, this train catches up Train A in 3 hours. Find the

speed of Train A.

Options :

1. 70 kmph

2. 40 kmph

3. 60 kmph

4. 50 kmph

5. None of these

Answer : 60 kmph

Question No. 187

The monthly salary of Harshita and Himani together is Rs.72225. The salary of Harshita and Himani is increased by

15% and 20% respectively then the new salary of Himani becomes 105% of the new salary of Harshita. What is the

new salary of Himani?

Options :

1. Rs. 48000

2. Rs. 45880

3. Rs. 43470

4. Rs. 43330

5. None of these
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Answer : Rs. 43470

Question No. 188

In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'REMAINING' be arranged?

Options :

1. 90040

2. 10160

3. 80080

4. 90720

5. None of these

Answer : 90720

Question No. 189

A can complete 5/6 of a work in 15 days and B can complete 2/3 of work in 8 days. In how many days both A and B

together can complete the work?

Options :

1. 5(5/11) days

2. 5(5/6) days

3. 6 days

4. 8(3/4) days

5. 7(1/5) days

Answer : 7(1/5) days

Question No. 190

When 16 years ago age of Ram was divided by 24, the present age of his granddaughter Surbhi is
obtained. If Surbhi is 3 years younger than her sister Pooja whose age is 6 year, then what is
Ramrsquo;s present age?

Options :
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

1. 88 years

2. 59 years

3. 79 years

4. 62 years

5. 67 years

Answer : 88 years

Direction:
Study the following pie chart and table carefully to answer the following questions that follow:

Percentage breaks up of foreigners who toured of various places of Uttarakhand and the ratio of male to female in

them

Total Number of foreigners = 2500

Percentage Break up of foreigners


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 191

What is the number of male foreigners who toured of Kedarnath and Gangotri together?

Options :

1. 500

2. 550

3. 450

4. 400

5. 650

Answer : 500

Direction:
Study the following pie chart and table carefully to answer the following questions that follow:

Percentage breaks up of foreigners who toured of various places of Uttarakhand and the ratio of male to female in

them

Total Number of foreigners = 2500

Percentage Break up of foreigners


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 192

The number of female foreigners who toured of Gangotri forms approximately what percent of the total number

of foreigners who toured of all places together?

Options :

1. 12%

2. 16%

3. 22%

4. 8%

5. None of these

Answer : 8%

Direction:
Study the following pie chart and table carefully to answer the following questions that follow:

Percentage breaks up of foreigners who toured of various places of Uttarakhand and the ratio of male to female in

them

Total Number of foreigners = 2500

Percentage Break up of foreigners


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Question No. 193

What is the respective ratio of the number of female foreigners who toured of Badrinath and Tungnath together

and the total number of foreigners toured of these places together?

Options :

1. 7:13

2. 9:11

3. 5:12

4. 4:9

5. None of these

Answer : 7:13

Direction:
Study the following pie chart and table carefully to answer the following questions that follow:
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Percentage breaks up of foreigners who toured of various places of Uttarakhand and the ratio of male to female in

them

Total Number of foreigners = 2500

Percentage Break up of foreigners

Question No. 194

What is the approximate average no. of male foreigners who toured all the places together?

Options :

1. 275

2. 200

3. 225

4. 175
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

5. None of these

Answer : 200

Direction:
Study the following pie chart and table carefully to answer the following questions that follow:

Percentage breaks up of foreigners who toured of various places of Uttarakhand and the ratio of male to female in

them

Total Number of foreigners = 2500

Percentage Break up of foreigners

Question No. 195

The number of female foreigners who toured Kedarnath forms what percent of total number of foreigners who

toured of Kedarnath? (Rounded off to two digits after decimal)


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. 35%

2. 58%

3. 44%

4. 64%

5. None of these

Answer : 58%

Direction:
In each of these questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and
give answer, if –

(1) p = q or relationship between p and q can’t be established.

(2) p > q

(3) p

(4) p ? q

(5) p ? q

Question No. 196

2
I. 6p – 49p + 99 = 0

2
II. 5q + 17q + 14 = 0

Options :

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Answer : 2

Direction:
In each of these questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and
give answer, if –
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

(1) p = q or relationship between p and q can’t be established.

(2) p > q

(3) p

(4) p ? q

(5) p ? q

Question No. 197

2
I. 5p = 19p – 12

2
II. 5q + 11q = 12

Options :

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Answer : 4

Direction:
In each of these questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and
give answer, if –

(1) p = q or relationship between p and q can’t be established.

(2) p > q

(3) p

(4) p ? q

(5) p ? q

Question No. 198

I. p² = ∛1331

II. 2q² - 21q + 55 = 0


ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

Options :

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Answer : 3

Direction:
In each of these questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and
give answer, if –

(1) p = q or relationship between p and q can’t be established.

(2) p > q

(3) p

(4) p ? q

(5) p ? q

Question No. 199

I. 5p = 7p + 21

II. 11q + 4q + 109 = 0

Options :

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Answer : 2

Direction:
In each of these questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and
give answer, if –
ECGC PO 2021 Previous Year Paper

(1) p = q or relationship between p and q can’t be established.

(2) p > q

(3) p

(4) p ? q

(5) p ? q

Question No. 200

I. 2p² - 11p + 12 = 0

II. 2q² - 17q + 36 = 0

Options :

1. 1

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

Answer : 5

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