FINAL REVIEW

PART I: VOCABULARY (2 marks)

Give the CORRECT FORM of the words given to complete the sentences. There may be more
words than you need to use.

make up solve sensitive

disorganized affect talk
caring outgoing say
get to know reliable fit
hand in tell aggressive

1. If friends have an argument, they should try and ________________________ as soon as

possible so they stay friends.
2. It can be quite lonely living in a big city because it is hard to _________________ your
neighbors.
3. Ducan is always late for the meetings. He is too ______________ .
4. He acts like a tough guy, but he's really very ______________ to criticism.
5. Students usually forget to ____________________ on time.
6. Hi, this is Robert. We ________ on the phone last Tuesday.
7. The youngest children are usually described as ____________ . They like people to pay
attention to them all the time.
8. I was deeply _______________ by the film.
9. I do not know the resort personally, but it is _________ to be quite a good one.
10. He is very _____________. You can't always count on him to do what he says he'll do.

PART II: LANGUAGE USE (1 mark)

❖ Join these sentences using relative pronouns and decide whether they are DEFINING or
NON-DEFINING clauses.
1. A woman gave me some advice last Friday. She was really kind.
=> ........................................................................................ (Defining clause/ Non-defining clause)
2. James has starred a lot of films. He is a famous American actor.
=> ........................................................................................ (Defining clause/ Non-defining clause)
3. The waiter was rude. The waiter was wearing a blue shirt.
=> ........................................................................................ (Defining clause/ Non-defining clause)
❖ Write complete sentences. Put the verbs in the corect forms.
4. we/ get maried/ next week/ a hotel.
=> ........................................................................................

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 qkd, qktd. qkht, qkhttd - qk

5. it/ be/ rain/ hard/ several hours/ before/ the streets/ get flooded/ yesterday.
=> ........................................................................................
PARRT III. Reading

Questions 1-10
OLD PEOPLE’S HOME FOR 4-YEAR-OLDS –
AN INTERESTING EXPERIMENT

I.What happens when you put a group of very young children into a home for elderly people? A
British television company, Channel 4, wanted to find out. That’s why it created a show called
Old People’s Home for 4-Year-Olds.

II.Cote Lane is a retirement home – a place where older people live when they can no longer live on
their own. It’s in the south-west of England, not far from the city of Bristol. There are staff in the
home who look after the residents and cook their meals for them. However, many people in the
home are depressed, as they feel quite lonely. A lot of the residents also have problems with their
health.

III.Research from the U.S. shows that spending time with young people has a very positive effect on
older people’s health. It also helps them feel happier and more relaxed. This is sometimes called
“intergenerational education” and it has benefits for young people, too. Having a close relationship
with an older person can help young people feel more confident, as well as encourage them to be
more active within their communities. Both groups can learn useful skills from these relationships,
too, such as cooking, gardening, or using a computer.

IV.The Old People’s Home for 4-Year-Olds experiment took place over six weeks and eleven
volunteers from Cote Lane took part. Three medical experts designed a set of activities for them,
which they completed with ten children from the local area. The activity plan included things like
reading, memory games, and a sports day.

V.One 88-year-old resident named Hamish has lived in Cote Lane for more than five years. At the
start of the experiment, he seemed pretty anxious. He wasn’t sure about spending time with the
children. But by the end of the first episode of the show, he was playing games with the kids!
Hamish was in a road accident when he was just 14, so he has problems with his back and finds
it difficult to walk. He was pleased, since the children didn’t seem to notice this at all. Another
Cote Lane resident, Linda, got along very well with a little girl named Amiya. Getting to know
Amiya really improved the 80-year-old’s mood. During the show, the elderly volunteers became
stronger, healthier, and happier – and the kids had a good time, too!

VI.The manager of St. Monica Trust, which owns the Cote Lane retirement home, said he and his
staff were very proud of residents like Hamish and Linda. He thought they were extremely brave,
because they spoke very honestly about their feelings in front of the TV cameras. The Trust hopes

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 the amazing relationships between the children and the Cote Lane residents will continue to grow.
It also plans to open a children’s nursery in one of its homes in the future.

Question 1
Read the text about an experiment. Which question did the experiment try to answer?
a. Does talking to elderly people make young children smarter? ☐
b. Does spending time with children improve older people’s health? ☐
c. Does being more active make elderly people feel happier? ☐
Questions 2-8
Read the text in detail. Match the two halves (12-18) with (a-g) to make sentences.
2. People move to the Cote Lane retirement home _______
3. Spending time with younger people can _______
4. Getting to know an older person can _______
5. Both younger and older people can _______
6. Hamish appeared to be worried _______
7. Hamish can’t walk very easily _______
8. Hamish and Linda were very honest _______

a. at the beginning of the experiment.

b. learn new skills from intergenerational education.
c. because they can’t live alone.
d. because of problems with his back.
e. about their feelings during the show.
f. make elderly people feel more relaxed.
g. help young people become more confident.
Questions 9-10
Read the text again and give short answers to the below questions.
9. Who can participate in the experiment? …………………………
10. What names are mentioned because they got better from the experiment? …………….
THE MOST DIFFICULT LANGUAGE

I.People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because
there are many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are
unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language
is to learn is only relevant when learning a second language.
II.A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native
speaker of Chinese, for example, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is
very different, so first language can affect learning a second language. The greater the differences
between the second language and our first, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many
people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn, possibly influenced by the thought of

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 learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very
difficult for many foreign learners. However, for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese
characters in their own language, learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of
languages using the Roman alphabet.
III.Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the
circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner's
motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they
often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life.
IV.Apparently, British diplomats and other embassy staff have found that the second hardest language
is Japanese, which will probably come as no surprise to many, but the language that they have
found to be the most problematic is Hungarian, which has 35 cases (forms of a nouns according to
whether it is subject, object, genitive, etc). This does not mean that Hungarian is the hardest
language to learn for everyone, but it causes British diplomatic personnel, who are generally used
to learning languages, the most difficulty. However, Tabassaran, a Caucasian language has 48
cases, so it might cause more difficulty if British diplomats had to learn it.
V.Different cultures and individuals from those cultures will find different languages more difficult.
In the case of Hungarian for British learners, it is not a question of the writing system, which uses
a similar alphabet, but the grammatical complexity, though native speakers of related languages
may find it easier, while struggling with languages that the British find relatively easy.
VI.No language is easy to learn well, though languages which are related to our first language are
easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge, but that does not
necessarily make a language more difficult than another. In the end, it is impossible to say that
there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.
(Adapted)

Questions 1-5
Decide whether the following statements are True (T) of False (F).
1. The question of how hard a language is to learn is relevant to both first and second language
acquisition.
2. Portuguese is definitely easier than Chinese.
3. Hungarian is the hardest language in the world.
4. A Japanese speaker may well find the Chinese writing system easier than a speaker of a
European language.
5. The writer thinks that learning new writing systems is easy.
Questions 6-10
Read again and complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from
the text.
6. People want to know which __________ language is hardest.
7. The _______________ of learners is an important part in learning a new language.
8. The difficulty levels of languages are dependent on _____________ and personal views.
9. British learners find it hard to learn the __________________ of Hungarian.

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 THE DESIRE TO GET TATTOOS

I.Jack lay, quiet and unmoving, for thirty minutes while a stranger repeatedly stabbed him with
sharp needles, causing blood to pour steadily out of his leg. Jack was getting a tattoo. His friend
Tony had recently gotten a tattoo, and Jack was so impressed by Tony's bravery and his tattoo that
he decided to get one too. Getting a tattoo because your friends and peers have them is just one of
the reasons why a lot of young people in North America get tattoos. Peer pressure, media influence,
and personal expression are some of the common reasons for wearing tattoos today.

II.The desire to be part of a group, to be accepted by one's friends or peers, can have a great influence
on what a person does. Sometimes, wearing a tattoo can be a sign that you belong to a certain
group. Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group. For example,
in one gang all the members may wear green army jackets and have large 'Xs' tattooed on their
arms. It is not only gangs that have this type of special 'uniform'. Young people often belong to a
certain group of friends. Some of these groups wear only brand-name clothes. Some wear only
black clothes. Others wear tattoos. When a person's friends are all doing something, such as getting
a tattoo, that person is more likely to do the same thing, and get a tattoo too.

III.The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America. A wide
variety of media images show tattoos. Tattoos can be seen on people appearing in commercials
selling expensive cars. Famous sports heroes with tattoos are shown in magazines. Fashion models
are often seen in magazines and on TV wearing designer clothes that show their bodies tattooed
with detailed and colourful patterns. These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success,
and status. As a result, many people decide to get a tattoo for its fashion and status value.

IV.It is not always the influence of other people or the media that results in a person getting a tattoo.
Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their express
feelings -- in other words, to show their individuality. A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo
of a guitar on the arm. Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their
shoulders. Lovers may tattoo each others' names over their hearts. A tattoo can be a public sign to
show what is important in a person's life.

V.As you can see, there are many reasons why young North Americans get tattoos. A tattoo can be
part of a group's uniform. It can be a sign of fashion. It can be an expression of individuality. The
decision to get a tattoo is most often a result of the influence of friends or media or the desire to
express oneself. For Jack, it was a mixture of all three.
(Adapted)

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Questions 1-6. Choose the correct answers.

1. According to the essay, what are the three most common reasons why a person gets a
tattoo?
A. pressure from their peers
B. it is healthy
C. influence from the media
D. a way of personal expression
2. According to the essay, which of the following are common ways that people show they
belong to a certain group?
A. wearing a tattoo
B. wearing special clothes
C. wearing a special uniform
D. wearing a special kind of socks
3. According to the essay, which of the following are ways that the media uses tattoos in
advertising?
A. to sell cars
B. by using fashion models
C. by using sports stars
D. by using endangered species
4. According to the essay, which of the following are possible artistic reasons for getting
tattoos?
A. to show membership in a band
B. to show a lover's name
C. to show pictures of animals that may become extinct
D. to show which language you speak
5. Jack was stabbed for thirty minutes with a needle because _____________.
A. he was getting a tattoo
B. he was getting acupuncture
C. he is was getting his ears pierced
D. he was getting a nose ring
6. According to the essay, Jack thinks people who get tattoos are…
A. Brave
B. Cowardly
C. old fashioned
D. nitwits

Question 7-10
Read the text again and complete these sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS.

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7. The reason Jack wanted to get a tattoo was ____________________ .
8. In a group, tattoos is considered as a _____________ of its members.
9. Due to some fashion advertisements on media, people tend to get tattoos because of
value
its beauty and _____________
10. Other reason to wear tattoos is to express _____________________ .

PART IV: WRITING (3 marks)

Choose ONE of the following topics to write a paragraph (at least 100 words) about:
Topic 1: Write about things you intend to do in future.
(You can write What is it? Why do you want to do that in future? What have you prepared for? Is
that easy to go on the plan?...)
Topic 2: Write about some bad things/ habits that you used to do in the past.
(You can write What were they? Why did you do that? How did you get over it/ quit it?...)

-The end-

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