ART APPRECIATION

The word "Renaissance" is borrowed from the French language, where it means "re-birth". The
Renaissance is a period in history and a cultural movement marking the transition from the Middle Ages
to modernity, covering the 15th and 16th centuries.

Renaissance art was characterized by realism and naturalism.

Renaissance art was largely focused around humanity and the human body. In general, it was
concerned with realism as opposed to most medieval art.

Renaissance art is marked by a gradual shift from the abstract forms of the medieval period to the
representational forms of the 15th century.

Cubism was a revolutionary new approach to representing reality invented in around 1907–08 by artists
Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

Realism is also applied as a more general stylistic term to forms of sharply focused almost
photographic painting irrespective of subject matter

Jean-François Millet (4 October 1814 – 20 January 1875) was a French artist and one of the founders of
the Barbizon school in rural France. Millet is noted for his paintings of peasant farmers and can be
categorized as part of the Realism art movement.

Abstract uses a visual language of shape, form, color, and line to create a composition that may exist
with a degree of independence from visual references from the world.

Romantic art focused on emotions, feelings, and moods of all kinds including
spirituality, imagination, mystery, and fervor.

Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of
the 18th century.

The great Romantic artist Caspar David Friedrich summed up Romanticism saying "the artist's feeling is
his law".

Futurism was an Italian art movement of the early twentieth century that aimed to capture in art the
dynamism and energy of the modern world.

Futurist artists denounced the past, as they felt the weight of past cultures was extremely oppressive –
particularly in Italy – and instead proposed an art celebrating modernity and its industry and technology.

The Stone Breakers (French: Les Casseurs de pierres) was an 1849 painting by the French
painter Gustave Courbet. It was a work of social realism, depicting two peasants, a young man and an
old man, breaking rocks.

Art Nouveau was a compelling and energetic style in the visual arts which spanned from around the
early 1890s to the First World War.
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867) France -was a pupil of Jacques-Louis David. He was
influenced by Italian Renaissance painters like Raphael, Nicolas Pousin, Botticelli, and his mentor,
Jacques-Louis David. His paintings were usually nudes, portraits, and mythological themes.

Famous artworks:

Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne

The Apotheosis of Homer

Baroque era is considered to be a bridge between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment.

Neoclassicism refers to a broad tendency in literature and art enduring from the early seventeenth
century until around 1750. It comprised a return to the classical models, literary styles, and values of
ancient Greek and Roman authors.

Classical Values is a one of the characteristics of Neoclassicists that gives emphasis upon the classical
values of objectivity, impersonality, rationality, decorum, harmony, proportion and moderation.

Abstract art uses a visual language of shape, form, color and line to create a composition which may
exist with a degree of independence from visual references in the world.

The name les fauves ('the wild beasts') was coined by the critic Louis Vauxcelles when he saw the work
of Henri Matisse and André Derain in an exhibition, the salon d'automne in Paris, in 1905.

Literary Forms is one of the characteristics of Neoclassicists tended to insist on the separation of poetry
and prose, the purity of each genre and the hierarchy of genres.

Jacques-Louis David is an influential French painter whose subjects of paintings were more on history.
One of his most famous work is known as the "The Death of Marat".

The Stone Breakers painting is in the realism genre, and depicted two peasants (a young man and
an old man) breaking rocks.

Olympia Manet depicts a controversial scene of a reclining prostitute in a pose reminiscent of

how goddesses were portrayed.

La Femme au perroquet (Woman with a Parrot) is an oil painting on canvas by French artist Gustave
Courbet. It was the first nude by the artist to be accepted by the Paris Salon in 1866 after a previous
entry in 1864 was rejected as indecent. It is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New
York city.

Futurism. Fairly unique among different types of art movements, it is an Italian development in abstract
art and literature, founded in 1909 by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, aiming to capture the dynamism,
speed and energy of the modern mechanical world.

Art Nouveau artists, inspired by plant forms and nature, took organic subjects and flattened and
abstracted them into sophisticated, sinuous and flowing motifs.
Realism is recognized as the first modern movement in art, which rejected traditional forms of art,
literature, and social organization as outmoded in the wake of the Enlightenment and the Industrial
Revolution.

RENAISSANCE ART- marked by a gradual shift from the abstract forms of the medieval period to
the representational forms of the 15th century.
BAROQUE ART -is known for its ornate decoration, dynamic movement and sense of
theatricality.
THE ECSTASY OF SAINT TERESA- A sculpture carved from marble created by Bernini and consider
this as an important example of three- dimensional baroque Artwork.
THE DEATH OF MARAT- This David's masterpiece shows the portrayal of a revolutionary martyr.
This is a painting of murdered French revolutionary leader Jean Paul
Marat.
CUPID AND PSYCHE- It is a marble sculpture portraying the relationship of psyche and cupid.

THE RESURRECTED CHRIST- A marble sculpture image of resurrected Christ currently located at the
Thorvaldsen Museum.

ENLIGHTENMENT- It is a movement that affects the philosophical thinking, literature, music, and art.

ROMANTICISM- This is recognized as the first modern movement in art, which rejected traditional form
of art, literature, and social organizations as outmoded in the wake of the
enlightenment and the Revolution.

ALPHONSE MUCHA- He was famous for his commercial posters, which had a wide audience, but he also
worked in a variety of other media, including furniture, jewelry, and theatrical sets.

ART NOUVEAU spanned from around 1890 to the First World War.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FAUVISM:

1. Use of colour for its own sake, as a viable end in art.

2. Rich surface texture, with awareness of the paint.
3. Spontaneity – lines drawn on canvas, and suggested by texture of paint.
4. Use of clashing (primary) colours, playing with values and intensities.
5. Varied subject matter – picking out elements of genre scenes, landscapes, inside studios, etc.
6. The colour and the object painted was the real subject, whether still life, landscape, etc.

FIVE DIFFERENT ART STYLE:

1. Baroque
2. Cubism
3. Surrealism
4. Abstract Expressionism
5. Art Nouveau

TOP 5 FAMOUS ARTIST DURING RENAISSANCE PERIOD

1. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
2. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
3. Raphael (1483-1520)
4. Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
5. Donatello (c. 1386-1466)