ARASU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Chennai Salai, Kumbakonam – 612501

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi | Affiliated to Anna University,
Chennai |NAAC Accredited | ISO 9001:2008 Certified)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

CS3271 - PROGRAMMING IN C LABORATORY

II SEMESTER – R 2021

LABORATORY MANUAL

Prepared By: Approved By:

Mrs.V.Revathy & Mr.K.Jayanth Dr. Kalaimani Shanmugam

Assistant Professor Professor & Head
Department of CSE Department of CSE

1
 ARASU ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KUMBAKONAM

Vision
To reach the levels of Teaching-Learning process with societal concerns, disseminate
technical knowledge, to uplift women with moral values and enhance the role of educands with
ethical awareness.
Mission
 Concentrated attention towards the lagging student Sect.
 Commitment with a stress on ethical and moral values in shaping the
individual for the technical needs of the nation.
 Dissemination of technical knowledge with a stress on pragmatic values.
 To alleviate the gap between the learner and the teacher.
 Commitment towards the societal values.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Vision
To be in the forefront of Computer Science and Engineering by producing competing
professional with innovative skills, moral values and societal concerns with a commitment
towards building a strong nation.
Mission
 To impart quality education through continuous Teaching- Learning process,
including interdisciplinary areas that extend the scope of Computer Science.
 To develop the problem solving skills, analytical and collaborative learning
ability of the students to be ready to deal with cutting edge technologies
worldwide.
 To inculcate strong ethical values and spirit of social commitment among students.

2
 Program Educational Objectives
(PEOs) PEO 1 (Domain Expertise):
To enable graduates to pursue higher education and research, or have a successful career
in industries associated with Computer Science and Engineering, or as entrepreneurs.
PEO 2 (Enthusiasm for Continuous Quality learning):
To ensure that graduates will have the ability and attitude to adapt to emerging
technological changes.
PEO 3 (Ethical Values):
To Exhibit professional attitude in team work by practicing code of ethics.

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

 Problem Analysis and Design
To analyse, design and develop computing solutions by applying foundational concepts
of Computer Science and Engineering.
 Integrated Software Development
To apply software engineering principles and practices for developing quality software
for scientific and business applications.
 Innovative Research
To adapt to emerging Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to innovate
ideas and solutions to existing/novel problems.

3
 CS3271 PROGRAMMING IN C LABORATORY LTPC
0042
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To familiarise with C programming constructs.
 To develop programs in C using basic constructs.
 To develop programs in C using arrays.
 To develop applications in C using strings, pointers, functions.
 To develop applications in C using structures.
 To develop applications in C using file processing.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
Note: The lab instructor is expected to design problems based on the topics listed. The Examination
shall not be restricted to the sample experiments designed.

1. I/O statements, operators, expressions

2. Decision-making constructs: if-else, goto, switch-case, break-continue
3. Loops: for, while, do-while
4. Arrays: 1D and 2D, Multi-dimensional arrays, traversal
5. Strings: operations
6. Functions: call, return, passing parameters by (value, reference), passing arrays to function.
7. Recursion
8. Pointers: Pointers to functions, Arrays, Strings, Pointers to Pointers, Array of Pointers
9. Structures: Nested Structures, Pointers to Structures, Arrays of Structures and Unions.
10. Files: reading and writing, File pointers, file operations, random access, processor directives.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Demonstrate knowledge on C programming
constructs. CO2: Develop programs in C using basic
constructs.
CO3: Develop programs in C using arrays.
CO4: Develop applications in C using strings, pointers,
functions. CO5: Develop applications in C using structures.
CO6: Develop applications in C using file processing.

CO’s-PO’s & PSO’s MAPPING

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PS02

1 1 3 3 1 1 1 - - 2 1 2 2 2 2
2 2 3 3 2 1 1 - - 2 1 2 2 2 3
3 2 2 2 1 1 2 - - 2 - 2 2 2 2
4 2 2 2 2 1 2 - - 3 - 3 3 3 2
5 2 2 3 2 3 2 - - 3 - 3 3 3 3
6 2 2 3 2 1 2 - - 2 1 2 2 2 2
Avg. 2 2 3 2 1 2 - - 2 1 2 2 2 2

4
EX 1
PROGRAM USING I/O STATEMENTS AND EXPRESSIONS
DATE:

AIM:

i] Program to display your personal details

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare and initialize the variables for name, address, date of birth, mobile
number and age
Step 3: Display name, address, date of birth, mobile number and age
Step 4: End

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char name[20]= "SAI RAM";
char address[80]= "west
tambharam,chennai"; int date=20;
int month=10;
int year=1990;
int mobile=987456321;
int age=25;
printf("\n=====================");
printf("\n NAME: %s",name);
printf("\n ADDRESS:%s",
address);
printf("\n DOB:%d:%d:%d", date , month,
year); printf("\n MOBILE NUMBER:%d",
mobile); printf("\n AGE:%d", age); printf("\
n=====================");
}

5
OUTPUT:

NAME: SAI RAM

ADDRESS:west tambaram,chennai
DOB:20:10:1990
MOBILE NUMBER:987456321
AGE:25

RESULT

Thus the C Program to display the personal details has been executed and the output was
verified.

6
AIM:

ii] Program to get the user details and display it.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare the variables for name, address, date, month, year, mobile number,
age.
Step 3: Read values of name, address , date, month, year, mobile number, age
from the user.
Step 4: Display name, address, date, month, year, mobile number, age.
Step 5: End

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h
>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char name[20];
char address[80];
int date;
int month;
int year;
long int mobile;
char gender[20];
int age;
printf("\n ENTER YOUR NAME:=");
gets(name);
printf("\nENTER YOUR ADDRESS=");
gets(address);
printf("\nENTER YOUR
date/month/year=");
scanf("%d/%d/%d",&date,&month,&year);
printf("\n ENTER YOUR AGE=");
scanf("%d",&age);
printf("\n ENTER YOUR GENDER(MALE/FEMALE)=");
scanf("%s",gender);
printf("\nENTER YOUR MOBILE NUMBER=");
scanf("%ld" ,&mobile);

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 printf("\n=====================");
printf("\n NAME: %s",name);
printf("\n ADDRESS:%s",
address);
printf("\n DOB:%d:%d:%d", date , month,
year); printf("\n AGE:%d", age);
printf("\n GENDER:%s", gender);
printf("\n MOBILE NUMBER:%d",
mobile); printf("\
n=====================");
return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

ENTER YOUR NAME:=karthikeyan

ENTER YOUR ADDRESS=west tambharam,chennai.

ENTER YOUR date/month/year=03/12/1992

ENTER YOUR AGE=28

ENTER YOUR GENDER(MALE/FEMALE)=MALE

ENTER YOUR MOBILE NUMBER=987654321

=====================
NAME: karthikeyan
ADDRESS:west tambharam,chennai.
DOB:3:12:1992
AGE:28
GENDER:MALE
MOBILE NUMBER:987654321
========================

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to read and display the user details has been executed and the
output was verified.

8
EX 2A
PROGRAM TO DISPLAY BIGGEST OF TWO NUMBERS

DATE:

AIM:

ii] Program to check biggest of three numbers

ALGORITHM:

Step 1:Start

Step 2:Read three numbers A,B &

C Step 3:If A>B,then go to step 6

Step 4:If B>C,then print B & go to step 8

Step 5:print C is greatest & go to step 8

Step 6:If A>C,then print A is greatest & go to step 8

Step 7:Print C is greatest

Step 8:end

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int A,B,C;
printf("Enter 3 integer number \n");
scanf("%d",&A);
scanf("%d",&B);
scanf("%d",&C);
if(A>B){
if(A>C){
printf(" %d is the Greatest Number \n",A);
}
else{
printf("%d is the greatest Number \n",C);
}
}
else{
if(B>C){
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10
 printf("%d is the greatest Number \n",B );
}
else{
printf("%d is the greatest Number \n", C);
}
}
}

OUTPUT:

Enter three numbers: -4.5

3.9
5.6
5.60 is the largest number.

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to display the personal details has been executed and the output was
verified.

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EX 2B PROGRAM TO CHECK WHETHER THE ENTERED
CHARACTER IS VOWEL OR NOT(USE SWITCH CASE)
DATE:

AIM:

ii] Program to check whether the entered character is vowel or not(Use switch case)

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare and initialize the variables
Step 3: Get the input from the user and compare with each
cases Step 4: if match found, print vowel otherwise print
consonant Step 5: End

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h
> int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
//condition to check character is alphabet or not
if((ch>='A' && ch<='Z') || (ch>='a' &&
ch<='z'))
{

switch(ch)
{
case 'A':
case 'E':
case 'I':
case 'O':
case 'U':
case 'a':
case 'e':
case 'i':
case 'o':
case 'u':
printf("%c is a VOWEL.\n",ch);
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13
 break;
default:
printf("%c is a CONSONANT.\n",ch);
}
}
else
{
printf("%c is not an alphabet.\n",ch);
}

return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

Enter a character

E is a vowel

Enter a character

X is a

consonant Enter

a character

+ is not an alphabet

RESULT:

Thus the C Program check whether the entered character is vowel or not (Use switch
case) has been executed and the output was verified.

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EX 3 PROGRAM TO FIND WHETHER THE GIVEN YEAR IS LEAP
YEAR ORNOT
DATE:

AIM:

To write a C Program to find whether the given year is leap year or not.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Take integer variable year

Step 3: Check if year is divisible by 400 then DISPLAY "is a leap year"

Step 4: Check if year is not divisible by 100 AND divisible by 4 then DISPLAY "is
a leap year"

Step 5: Otherwise, DISPLAY "is not a leap

year" Step 6: Stop

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int year;
printf("Enter a year :\n");
scanf("%d", &year);
if ((year % 400) == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year \
n",year); else
if ((year % 100) != 0 && (year % 4) == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year \n",year);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year \n",year);
}

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OUTPUT:

Enter a year:
2000
2000 is a leap year

Enter a year:
1900
1900 is not a leap year

RESULT:
Thus the C Program to find whether the given year is leap year or not has been
executed successfully and the output was verified.

16
EX 4 PROGRAM TO PERFORM THE CALCULATOR OPERATIONS,
NAMELY, ADDITION, SUBTRACTION, MULTIPLICATION,
DATE: DIVISION AND SQUARE OF ANUMBER

AIM:

To perform the Calculator operations, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication,

division and square of a number

ALGORITHM:

Step1 : Start the program

Step 2 : Declare the functions

Step 3: Get the input values

Step 4: Perform the operations using

functions Step 5: Print the results

Step 6: Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

// functions

declaration int add(int

n1, int n2);

int subtract(int n1, int n2);

int multiply(int n1, int

n2); int divide(int n1, int

n2); int square(int n1);

// main

function int

main()

int num1, num2;

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printf("Enter two numbers: ");

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 scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);

printf("%d + %d = %d\n", num1, num2, add(num1, num2));

printf("%d - %d = %d\n", num1, num2, subtract(num1, num2));

printf("%d * %d = %d\n", num1, num2, multiply(num1, num2));

printf("%d / %d = %d\n", num1, num2, divide(num1, num2));

printf(“%d^%d=%d\n”,num1,num1,square( num1));

return 0;

// function to add two integer

numbers int add(int n1, int n2)

int result;

result = n1 + n2;

return result;

// function to subtract two integer

numbers int subtract(int n1, int n2)

int result;

result = n1 - n2;

return result;

// function to multiply two integer numbers

int multiply(int n1, int n2)

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 int result;

result = n1 *

n2; return

result;

// function to divide two integer

numbers int divide(int n1, int n2)

int result;

result = n1 / n2;

return result;

// function to find square of a

number int square(int n1)

int result;

result =

n1*n1; return

result;

20
OUTPUT:

Enter two numbers: 20 5

20 + 5 = 25

20 – 5 = 15

20 * 5 = 100

20 / 5 = 4

20^20 = 400

RESULT

Thus the C Program to perform the Calculator operations, namely, addition,

subtraction, multiplication, division and square of a number has been executed and results are
verified.

21
EX 5 PROGRAM TO CHECK WHETHER A GIVEN NUMBER
IS ARMSTRONGNUMBER OR NOT?
DATE:

EX 5:
AIM:

Program to check whether the given number is Armstrong number or not

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Declare Variable sum, temp,

num Step 3: Read num from User

Step 4: Initialize Variable sum=0 and temp=num

Step 5: Repeat Until num&gt;=0 5.1 sum=sum + cube of last digit i.e [(num%10)*(num
%10)*(num%10)] 5.2 num=num/10

Step 6: IF sum==temp Print "Armstrong Number" ELSE Print "Not Armstrong

Number"

Step 7: Stop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int
num,copy_of_num,sum=0,rem;
printf("\nEnter a number:");
scanf("%d",&num);
while (num != 0)
{
rem = num % 10;
sum = sum +
(rem*rem*rem); num = num
/ 10;
}
if(copy_of_num == sum)
printf("\n%d is an Armstrong
Number",copy_of_num); else
printf("\n%d is not an Armstrong Number",copy_of_num);
return(0);
}
22
23
OUTPUT:

Enter a number: 370

370 is an Armstrong Number

RESULT:
Thus the C Program to check whether a given number is Armstrong or not has been
executed and the output was verified.

24
EX 6 PROGRAM TO CHECK WHETHER A GIVEN NUMBER IS ODD
OR EVEN
DATE:

AIM:

Program to check whether a given number is odd or even

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 2: Get the number

Step 3: Check the number if it is odd or even using if statement.

Step 4: If the number is even check the condition as n%2 ==0 else it is even.

Step 5: Display the result

Step 6: Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include

<stdio.h> int

main()

int number;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &number);

// True if the number is perfectly divisible by 2 if(number % 2 == 0)

printf("%d is even.", number);

else

printf("%d is odd.",

number); return 0;

}
25
26
OUTPUT:

Enter an integer: -7

-7 is odd.

Enter an integer : 8

8 is even

RESULT

Thus the C Program to find whether the given number is odd or even number has been
successfully executed and verified

27
EX 7
PROGRAM TO FIND FACTORIAL OF A GIVEN NUMBER

DATE:

AIM:

To find factorial of a given number

ALGORITHM:

Step 1. Start the program

Step 2. Get the number

Step 3. If the number < 0 print “Error for finding a factorial”

Step 4. Else Initialize variables factorial←1 i←1

Step 5. Read value of n

Step 6. Repeat the steps until i=n 6.1: factorial←factorial,

i←i+1 Step 7.

Display factorial

Step 8. Stop the program

PROGRAM:

int main()

int n, i; longfactorial = 1;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
// show error if the user enters a negative integer
if (n < 0)
printf("Error! Factorial of a negative number doesn't
exist."); else

for(i=1; i<=n; ++i)

28
{

29
 factorial *= i;
// factorial = factorial*i;
}
printf("Factorial of %d = %lu", n, factorial);
}
return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

Enter an integer: 10
Factoriaof 10 = 3628800

RESULT

Thus the C Program to find the factorial of a given number has been successfully
executed and verified.

30
EX 8
PROGRAM TO FIND OUT THE AVERAGE OF 4 INTEGERS

DATE:

AIM:
To find average of 4 integers

ALGORITHM:

Step 1. Start

Step 2. Declare variables

Step 3. Read the 4 numbers

Step 4. Calculate

avg=sum/n Step 5. Display

the output Step 6. Stop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>
void main()

inti,n,sum=0,nu[100];
float avg;

clrscr();

printf("\nEnter the numbers\n");

for(i=0;i<3;i++)

scanf("%d",&nu[i]);
sum = sum + nu[i];

avg = (float)sum/n;

31
 printf("\nAverage is : %.2f\n",n,avg);
getch();
}

OUTPUT:

Enter the

numbers 32

45

54

22

Average is 38.25

RESULT

Thus the C Program to find the average of 4 numbers has been executed and verified.

32
EX 9
PROGRAM TO DISPLAY ARRAY ELEMENTS USING 2D ARRAYS
DATE:

AIM:

To display array elements using 2D arrays

ALGORITHM:

Step1 : Start the program

Step2 : Get the elements of the

array Step 3 : Display the array

elements Step 4 : Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

int main(){

/* 2D array declaration*/

int disp[2][3];

/*Counter variables for the loop*/

int i, j;

for(i=0; i<2; i++) {

for(j=0;j<3;j++)

printf("Enter value for disp[%d][%d]:", i,

j); scanf("%d", &disp[i][j]);

//Displaying array elements

printf("Two Dimensional array elements:\n");

33
for(i=0; i<2; i++) {

34
 for(j=0;j<3;j++) {

printf("%d ", disp[i]

[j]); if(j==2){

printf("\n");

return 0;

OUTPUT:

Enter value for disp[0][0]:1

Enter value for disp[0][1]:2

Enter value for disp[0][2]:3

Enter value for disp[1][0]:4

Enter value for disp[1][1]:5

Enter value for disp[1][2]:6

Two Dimensional array elements:

123

456

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to display the array elements of the 2D array has been executed
and the result was verified

35
EX 10
PROGRAM TO PERFORM SWAPPING USING FUNCTIONS
DATE:

AIM:

To perform swapping using functions

ALGORITHM:

Step 1. Start the program

Step 2. Declare and get the two integer variables a and
b. Step 3. call the swap () function
In swap definition use the temporary variable and assign temp =a
b=temp

Step 4. Print the a and b

values Step 5. Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

void swap(int,int);
inta,b,r;
clrscr();
printf("enter value for a&b:
"); scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
swap(a,b);
getch();

void swap(inta,int

b) int temp;
temp=a;
a=b;

36
 b=temp;
printf("after swapping the value for a & b is : %d %d",a,b);

OUTPUT:

Enter the value of a & b : 34 78

after swapping the value for a & b is 78,34

RESULT:
Thus the C Program to swap two numbers using functions has been executed and
verified

37
EX 11
PROGRAM TO DISPLAY ALL PRIME NUMBERS BETWEEN
DATE: TWO INTERVALS USING FUNCTIONS

AIM:

To display all prime numbers between two intervals using functions

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start the Program

Step 2: Get the intervals

Step 3: Find and Display the prime numbers ie., the numbers that are divisible by 1
and itself between the intervals

Step 4: Stop the Program

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

/* Function declarations

*/ int isPrime(int num);

void printPrimes(int lowerLimit, int

upperLimit); int main()

int lowerLimit, upperLimit;

printf("Enter the lower and upper limit to list primes: "); scanf("%d

%d", &lowerLimit, &upperLimit);

/* Call function to print all primes between the given range*/

printPrimes(lowerLimit, upperLimit);

return 0;

38
}

/* Print all prime numbers between lower limit and upper limit*/

void printPrimes(int lowerLimit, int upperLimit)

printf("All prime number between %d to %d are: ", lowerLimit, upperLimit);

while(lowerLimit <= upperLimit)

/* Print if current number is prime*/

if(isPrime(lowerLimit))

printf("%d, ", lowerLimit);

lowerLimit++;

/*Check whether a number is prime or not*/

/*Returns 1 if the number is prime otherwise

0*/ int isPrime(int num)

int i;

for(i=2; i<=num/2; i++)

39
 {

/* If the number is divisible by any number*/

/*other than 1 and self then it is not

prime*/ if(num % i == 0)

return 0;

return 1;

OUTPUT:

Enter the lower and upper limit to list primes:

1 100

All prime number between 1 100 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43,
47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to find the prime numbers between two intervals has been
executed and verified.

40
EX 12
PROGRAM TO REVERSE A SENTENCE USING RECURSION
DATE:

AIM:

To reverse a sentence using recursion

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare the function
reverse Step 3: Call the reverse
function
Step 4: Get the sentence from the user and reverse it
recursively Step 5: stop the execution.

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>
void reverseSentence();
int main() {
printf("Enter a sentence: ");
reverseSentence();
return 0;
}

void reverseSentence() {
char c;
scanf("%c", &c);
if (c != '\n') {
reverseSentence();
printf("%c", c);
}
}

OUTPUT:
Enter a sentence: margorp
emosewa awesome PROGRAM:

RESULT
Thus the C Program to reverse a sentence has been executed and verified
41
42
EX 13
PROGRAM TO GET THE LARGEST ELEMENT OF AN ARRAY
DATE: USINGFUNCTION

AIM:

To get the largest element of an array using function

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 3: Initialize the array elements
Step 4: Find the largest number of the array
Step 5: Display the largest number
Step 6: Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

max(int [],int);

void main()

int a[]={10,5,45,12,19};

int n=5,m;

clrscr();

m=max(a,n);

printf("\nmaximum number is

%d",m); getch();

max(int x[],int k)

43
 int t,i;

t=x[0];

for(i=1;i<k;i++)

if(x[i]>t)

t=x[i];

return(t);

OUTPUT:

Maximum number is 45

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to display the largest number in an array using function has been
executed and verified.

44
EX 14
PROGRAM TO CONCATENATE TWO STRINGS
DATE:

AIM:

To concatenate two strings

ALGORITHM:

Step1: Start
Step 2: Get the two Strings to be concatenated.
Step 3: Declare a new String to store the concatenated
String. Step 4: Insert the first string in the new string.
Step 5: Insert the second string in the new
string. Step 6: Print the concatenated string.
Step 7: Stop

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{

char destination[] = "Hello ";

char source[] = "World!";
printf("Concatenated String: %s\n", strcat(destination,source));
return 0;
}

OUTPUT
:

Concatenated String: Hello World!

RESULT:

45
 Thus the C Program to concatenate two strings has been executed and the result was
verified.

46
EX 15
PROGRAM TO FIND THE LENGTH OF STRING
DATE:

AIM:

To find the length of the given

string ALGORITHM:

Step 1 : Start the program

Step 2: Get the string

Step 3: Find the length of the string

Step 4 : Display the length of the

string Step 5 : Stop the program

PROGRAM:

i) Using Library Function

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
char a[100];
int length;
printf("\n Enter a string to calculate its
length="); gets(a);
length = strlen(a);
printf("\nLength of the string = %d\n", length);
return 0;
}

ii) Without Using Library Function

#include <stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char i=0;a[100];
int length;
printf("\nEnter a string to calculate its
length="); scanf(“%s”,str);
while(string1[i] !='\0') {
i++;
}
length=i;
printf (“\n Length of the string = %d\n",length);
return 0;
}

OUTPUT:

Enter a string to calculate its

length=Introduction Length of the string: 12

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to find the length of the string has been executed and verified.
EX 16
PROGRAM TO FIND THE FREQUENCY OF A
CHARACTER IN A STRING
DATE:

AIM:

To find the frequency of a character in a string.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1 : Start the program

Step 2 : Get the string

Step 3 : Get the character for which frequency needs to be found

Step 4 : Display the frequency

Step 5 : Stop the program

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char str[1000], ch;
int count = 0;

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str),
stdin);

printf("Enter a character to find its frequency:

"); scanf("%c", &ch);

for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; ++i) {

if (ch == str[i])
++count;
}

printf("Frequency of %c = %d", ch, count);

return 0;
 }

OUTPUT:

Enter a string: This website is

awesome. Enter a character to find its

frequency: e Frequency of e = 4

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to find the frequency of a character in a string has been executed
and verified.
EX 17
PROGRAM TO STORE STUDENT INFORMATION IN STRUCTURE
DATE: AND DISPLAY IT

AIM:

To store student information in structure and display it

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: START
Step 2: Read student details like name,
mark1,2,3 Step 3: Calculate total, and average
Step 4: Display the grade
Step 5: STOP

PROGRAM:
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
int roll_no, mark1, mark2, mark3,
total; float average;
char name[10],grade;
};
void struct_funct_student(struct student stu);
int main()
{
struct student stud; printf("\
nRoll No.=");
scanf("%d",&stud.roll_no);
printf("Name=");
scanf("%s",stud.name);
printf("Mark1=");
scanf("%d",&stud.mark1);
printf("Mark2=");
scanf("%d",&stud.mark2);
printf("Mark3=");
scanf("%d",&stud.mark3);
struct_funct_student(stud)
; return 0;
}
void struct_funct_student( struct student stu)
{
stu.total = stu.mark1 + stu.mark2 + stu.mark3;
stu.average = stu.total / 3;
if(stu.average >= 90)
stu.grade='S';
else if(stu.average >=
80) stu.grade='A';
else if(stu.average >=
70) stu.grade='B';
else if(stu.average >=
60) stu.grade='C';
else if(stu.average >=
50) stu.grade='D';
else
stu.grade='F';
printf("\n ROLL NO. \t NAME \t TOTAL \t AVG \t
GRADE \n");
printf("%d \t %s \t %d \t %f \t %c",
stu.roll_no,stu.name,stu.total,stu.average,stu.grade);
}
OUTPUT:

Roll No.= 1

Name= a

Mark1= 95

Mark2= 94

Mark3= 96

ROLL NO. NAME TOTAL AVG GRADE

1 a 285 95.000000 S

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to store and display student details using structures has been
executed and the result was verified.
EX 18
PROGRAM TO READ THE STUDENT DATA AND
DATE: CALCULATE THETOTAL MARKS

AIM:

To read the student data and calculate the total marks

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 2: Get the details of the 10 students in five

subjects Step 3: Calculate the total marks of each

student

Step 4 : Calculate the student who got the highest total marks

Step 5: Display the results

Step 6: Stop the Program

PROGRAM:
#include<stdio.h>

struct student

int sub1;

int sub2;

int sub3;

int sub4;

int sub5;

};

void main()

struct student s[10];

int i,total=0;
 clrscr();

for(i=0;i<=9;i++)

printf("\nEnter Marks in Five Subjects = ");

scanf("%d%d%d",& s[i].sub1,&s[i].sub2,&s[i].sub3,&s[i].sub4,&s[i].sub5);

total=s[i].sub1+s[i].sub2+s[i].sub3+s[i].sub4+s[i].sub5;

printf("\nTotal marks of s[%d] Student= %d",i,total);

getch();

OUTPUT:

Enter Marks in Five Subjects

80 70 90 80 98

Total Marks of 1 student = 83.6

RESULT:

Thus the C Program to print the student details has been executed and the result was
verified.
EX :19

TELEPHONE DIRECTORY USING RANDOM ACCESS FILE

DATE:

AIM :
To insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an individual or a company into a
telephone directory using random access file.

ALGORITHM :
Step 1: Create a random access file
Step 2: call the respective procedure to insert, update, delete or append based on user choice
Step 3: Access the random access file to make the necessary changes and save

PROGRAM
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<fcntl.h>

struct dir
{
char name[20];
char
number[10];
};

void insert(FILE *);

void update(FILE *);
void del(FILE *);
void display(FILE
*); void search(FILE
*);

int record = 0;
int main(void) {
int choice = 0;
FILE *fp = fopen( "telephone.dat", "rb+" );
if (fp == NULL ) perror ("Error opening
file"); while (choice != 6)
{
printf("\n1 insert\t 2 update\
n"); printf("3 delete\t 4 display\
n");
printf("5 search\t 6 Exit\n Enter choice:");
scanf("%d", &choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1: insert(fp); break;
case 2: update(fp); break;
case 3: del(fp); break;
case 4: display(fp);
break; case 5: search(fp);
break; default: ;
}
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}

void insert(FILE *fp)

{

struct dir contact, blank;

fseek( fp, -sizeof(struct dir), SEEK_END );
fread(&blank, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
printf("Enter individual/company name: ");
scanf("%s", contact.name);
printf("Enter telephone number: ");
scanf("%s", contact.number);
fwrite(&contact, sizeof(struct dir), 1,
fp);
}

void update(FILE *fp)

{
char name[20],
number[10]; int result;
struct dir contact,
blank; printf("Enter
name:"); scanf("%s",
name); rewind(fp);
while(!feof(fp))
{
result = fread(&contact, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
if(result != 0 && strcmp(name, contact.name) == 0)
{
printf("Enter number:");
scanf("%s", number);
strcpy(contact.number,
number);
fseek(fp, -sizeof(struct dir),
SEEK_CUR); fwrite(&contact,
sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp); printf("Updated
successfully\n");
return;
}
}
printf("Record not found\n");
}

void del(FILE *fp)

{
char name[20],
number[10]; int result,
record=0;
struct dir contact, blank = {"",
""}; printf("Enter name:");
scanf("%s", name);
rewind(fp); while(!
feof(fp))
{
result = fread(&contact, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
if(result != 0 && strcmp(name,contact.name)==0)
{
fseek(fp, record*sizeof(struct dir), SEEK_SET);
fwrite(&blank, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
printf("%d Deleted successfully\n", record-1);
return;
}
record++;
}
printf("not found in %d records\n", record);
}
void display(FILE *fp)
{
struct dir contact;
int result;
rewind(fp);
printf("\n\n Telephone directory\n");
printf("%20s %10s\n", "Name", "Number");
printf("*******************************\
n"); while(!feof(fp))
{
result = fread(&contact, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
if(result != 0 && strlen(contact.name) > 0)
printf("%20s %10s\n",contact.name,
contact.number);
}
printf("*******************************\n");

void search(FILE *fp)

{
struct dir contact;
int result; char
name[20]; rewind(fp);
printf("\nEnter name:");
scanf("%s", name);
while(!feof(fp))
{
result = fread(&contact, sizeof(struct dir), 1, fp);
if(result != 0 && strcmp(contact.name, name) ==
0)
{
printf("\n%20s %10s\n",contact.name,
contact.number); return;
}
}
printf("Record not found\n");

OUTPUT:

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice: 4
Telephone
directory
Name Number
******************************
* bb 11111
*******************************

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice:

5 Enter name:

bb

bb 11111

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice: 1
Enter individual/company name:
aa Enter telephone number:
222222

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice:
2 Enter name:
aa
Enter number: 333333
Updated successfully

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6
Exit Enter choice:

Telephone directory
Name Number
******************************
* bb 11111
aa 333333
******************************
* 1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
 Enter choice: 3

Enter name: aa
1 Deleted successfully

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice: 4

Telephone directory
Name Number
******************************
* bb 11111
*******************************

1 insert 2 update
3 delete 4 display
5 search 6 Exit
Enter choice: 6

RESULT:

Thus the C program To insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an
individual or a company into a telephone directory using random access file was successfully
written and executed.
EX :20
PROGRAM TO COUNT THE NUMBER OF ACCOUNT HOLDERS
WHOSEBALANCE IS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM BALANCE USING
DATE:
SEQUENTIAL ACCESS FILE

AIM:
To count the number of account holders whose balance is less than the minimum
balance using sequential access file.

ALGORITHM :

Step 1 : Start the program

Step 2 : Read choice to insert records & count minimum balance account
1. If choice is 1, then
 Open a dat file in write mode
 Read the No. of records
 Write the records into the file using fprintf() function
 Close the file
2. If Choice is 2, then
 Open the file in Read mode
 Read the records one by one using fscanf(0 function until reach the end of file.
 Check the account balance with min bal.
 If account balance is less than min balance, then display the account details
 Close the file
Step 3 : Stop the
program

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

void insert();
void count();

int main(void)
{
int choice = 0;
while (choice != 3)
{
printf("\n1 insert records\n");
printf("2 Count min balance holders\n");
printf("3 Exit\n");
printf("Enter choice:");
scanf("%d", &choice);
 switch(choice)
{
case 1: insert(); break;
case 2: count(); break;
}
}
}

void insert()
{
unsigned int
account,i; char
name[30]; double
balance; FILE* cfPtr;

if ((cfPtr = fopen("clients.dat", "w")) == NULL) {

puts("File could not be opened");
}
else {
int records,i=0;
printf("Enter the No. of records ");
scanf("%d", &records);
while (i<records)
{
printf("Enter the account, name, and balance.");
scanf("%d%29s%lf", &account, name, &balance);
fprintf(cfPtr, "%d %s %.2f\n", account, name, balance);
i++;
}
fclose(cfPtr);
}
}

void count()
{
unsigned int account;
char name[30];
double balance;
float minBal = 5000.00;
int count = 0;
FILE *cfPtr;
if ((cfPtr = fopen("clients.dat", "r")) == NULL)
printf("File could not be opened");
else
 {
printf("%-10s%-13s%s\n", "Account", "Name",
"Balance"); fscanf(cfPtr, "%d%29s%lf", &account, name,
&balance);

while (!feof(cfPtr))
{
if (balance < minBal)
{
printf("%-10d%-13s%7.2f\n", account, name, balance);
count++;
}
fscanf(cfPtr, "%d%29s%lf", &account, name, &balance);
}

fclose(cfPtr);
printf("The number of account holders whose balance is less than the minimum balance:
%d", count);
}
}
OUTPUT:

1 insert records
2 Count min balance
holders 3 Exit
Enter choice:1
Enter the No. of records 2
Enter the account, name, and balance.1001 A
10000 Enter the account, name, and balance.1002
B 300

1 insert records
2 Count min balance
holders 3 Exit
Enter choice:2
Account Name
Balance 1002 B
300.00
The number of account holders whose balance is less than the minimum balance: 1
1 insert records
2 Count min balance
holders 3 Exit
Enter choice:

RESULT :

Thus the C Program to count the number of account holders whose balance is less
than the minimum balance using sequential access file