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B1+ Coursebook audioscripts
them on Facebook.
Unit 1 J I don’t see how you can be friends with someone
you’ve never met.
1.1 Are you really my friend?
S Of course you can. I probably chat to some of
Exercises 5a & 6b them more than you talk to your friends from
Audio 1.1 football!
S So, how many friends would you say you had? J Hmm. And what about in the real world? How
J Well, it all depends what you mean by friends, many friends do you have in real life?
doesn’t it? I mean, I get on well with a lot of S Well, a lot of the friends I see often in real life are
people at work – that’s maybe twenty people I’d on Facebook, too, actually. I’ve got friends from
say were friends … work like you, and then there are the people in my
S Do you socialize outside work? evening class. I’m learning German …
J Oh, yes. Maybe not that often, but we meet up J And what about really close friends?
after work from time to time … Then there are the S I’ve only got a couple of really close friends that I
friends I play football with. I guess I don’t have a share everything with. Actually, if I’m honest,
lot in common with them apart from football, but recently just one, because I’ve fallen out with one
I’d say they were friends all the same. of my best friends. We’re not speaking to each
S But how many of those friends would you ask to other at the moment.
help you out if you were in trouble? J Did you have a big argument?
J Ah, well, that’s different. Friends you can really S Not exactly. It all started when …
trust … there aren’t so many of those. Maybe five

Exercise 7b
or six?
S And what about online? Do you have a lot of Audio 1.2
Facebook friends? get_on well with someone
J No, not really. I can’t be bothered with it, really. I
meet_up with someone
guess I’ve got about fifteen to twenty, but I don’t
have_a lot_in common with someone
use it much. What about you?
S Oh, I have a lot of friends on Facebook, about fall_out with someone
150, I think. help someone_out
J 150?! Do you keep in touch with all of them?
trust_someone
S Yes, well, kind of – you know, we send the
occasional message to each other. get_in touch_with someone
J And have you actually met all of them, face-to- keep_in touch_with someone
face?
make friends_with someone
S No. Some of them are people I’ve met on holiday
have_an_argument with someone
or something, and we wanted to keep in touch.
Some of them are old friends from school. But
there are quite a lot of friends who are people I’ve
never actually met at all. I just made friends with
NAVIGATE Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2015 Page 1 of 46

In fact, it can do the opposite if people end up 3 We believe shopping makes us happy, but it
owing a lot of money. doesn’t.
I Yes, I agree, that’s a good point. People often buy 4 Yes, I agree, that’s a good point.
things they don’t really need or want. 5 We all own far too much.
L Exactly, it’s amazing to realize that only 20% of 6 Most of the time we prefer people to buy locally.
the world’s population is consuming over 80% of 7 Most people don’t understand how difficult it is …
the Earth’s natural resources. Does that seem fair
1.3 Vocabulary and skills
to you? In countries like the UK, we all own far too
development
much.
I Does it make any difference what you buy? Exercise 3
L Yes, that’s part of it, too. We’re trying to get
Audio 1.7
people to think about the effect their buying
listening for key words
choices have on the rest of the world. Something
might seem a great bargain, but that could be Key words carry the most important information.
because it’s been made in a country where the They are generally nouns and verbs and are usually
workers aren’t paid enough. In addition, most of spoken more loudly and clearly than other words. For
the time we prefer people to buy locally because example:
transporting goods by air has a harmful effect on three times a week

the environment.
I send a lot of emails
I But will it really make a difference if we stop
shopping for just one day? I like looking at shopping websites.
L Actually, most people don’t understand how

Exercise 4b
difficult it is to last 24 hours without spending any
money. But you’ll feel great if you achieve it. Audio 1.8
I Are a lot of people taking part in Buy Nothing Day This is a fascinating book. We all know that the
this year? internet is changing the way we do things, but Carr
L Yes, and more and more do every year. I think it believes that it is also changing the very way our
started in Canada more than twenty years ago, brains work. With the printed book, he argues, our
but now there are Buy Nothing Day movements in brains learnt to think deeply. In contrast, the internet
over 65 countries. encourages us to read small bits of information from
lots of different places. We are becoming better and
Exercise 8b better at multitasking, but much worse at
Audio 1.6 concentrating on one thing.
1 Can you explain a little about what Buy Nothing

Exercise 5
Day means?
2 When you really think about it, the idea of buying Audio 1.9
things as a way of spending your leisure time is 1 Shopping and banking online is unsafe.
crazy. 2 Looking at screens all day is bad for our eyes.
3 People will forget how to talk to each other.

There seems to be an idea that you have to have

Unit 2
a new phone every two years. I’m convinced that
if people really understood how much damage
2.1 I’ll never forget that day
this causes, to workers and to the planet, they Exercise 7b
wouldn’t do this. I think people should feel guilty.
Audio 2.1
Producing guilt-free brands just gives people an
That reminds me of another story I heard about a
excuse not to think about these issues, and just
man who had a lucky escape. He had been at a
keep buying more and more stuff …
barbecue restaurant on top of a mountain, and after
J Well, according to the people who make
the meal he decided not to take the cable car down
Fairphone, their phones will last longer and be
with his friends but to walk down instead. While he
easier to repair. If you ask me, we have to give
was looking for the path, he fell into a stream and
people the option of buying something which is
broke his leg. Unable to move, he tried to phone for
better for the planet, not just say they shouldn’t
help, but his mobile wasn’t working because he had
buy something at all.
dropped it in the stream. Knowing he was missing,
Exercise 3b teams of people were looking for him, but it was

twenty-four days before they found him. Luckily he’d
Audio 1.12
brought a bottle of barbecue sauce with him to the
1 So, Jem, what do you think about the idea?
barbecue, and he survived by drinking water mixed
2 Well, as far as I’m concerned, anything which
with the barbecue sauce.
makes people think ...
3 There’s a lot more awareness, but don’t you think it Exercise 8c
would be better if ...?
Audio 2.2
4 I’m convinced that if people really understood ...
1 That reminds me of another story I heard about a
5 Well, according to the people who make
man who had a lucky escape.
Fairphone, ...
2 He’d been at a barbecue restaurant.
6 If you ask me, we have to give people the option ...
3 While he was looking for the path …
Review 4 Knowing he was missing, teams of people were
looking for him.
Exercise 3a
Audio 1.13
2.2 Unbelievable?
1 How do you decide when you can trust someone? Exercises 4a & c
2 Do you have a lot in common with your closest
Audio 2.3
friend?
P So … to our next story. A national newspaper was
3 When was the last time you made friends with
embarrassed recently after publishing a story
someone new?
about a super-fruit, the blue melon, which, it turns
4 How do you keep in touch with family or friends
out, was another internet hoax. Does the internet
who live far away?
make hoaxing too easy? Laura, you work for a
5 When was the last time you fell out with someone?
national newspaper; do you think there are more
6 Who in your family do you get on with best?

that they’d done it to be on TV. He was supposed years later.

to keep quiet about that. B How?
A You’re not going to believe this, but she was in
Exercise 7b the garden digging up carrots and she suddenly
Audio 2.5 noticed that one of the carrots was ‘wearing’ her
During the early twentieth century, scientists were ring!
keen to find some evidence that would prove the link B What, you mean the ring was on the carrot?!
between early man and apes. In 1912 that evidence Really?
seemed to have been found while Dawson and A Yes, it’s true, the carrot had grown through the
Woodward were digging on a site in Piltdown, in the ring …
south of England. As soon as they saw the jawbone B No way! That’s incredible!
and the skull, they decided that this must be the A It is, isn’t it? I’m sure she’s keeping it safe now!
evidence science needed. Woodward claimed that

Exercises 5a & b
both bones belonged to a human being who had
lived about half a million years ago, during what is Audio 2.7
known as the Lower Pleistocene period. Most 1 What happened?
scientists accepted this opinion until nearly forty 2 Oh no, that’s awful.
years later, when it was discovered that the Piltdown 3 You’re joking.
Man was a fake. Meanwhile, Dawson, who most 4 What, you mean the ring was on the carrot?!
people consider responsible for making the fake, had 5 Really?
died. 6 No way! That’s incredible!
The Piltdown Man hoax truly damaged science Review

because by the time the hoax was discovered,
scientists had wasted nearly forty years believing a Exercise 1c
lie. Audio 2.8
1 Last Tuesday my computer broke while I was
2.4 Speaking and writing
trying to finish an important piece of work.
Exercises 2 & 4a 2 So I called a friend who knows about computers,
and he came over straightaway.
Audio 2.6
3 He had a look at it, but he couldn’t fix it.
A I heard this incredible story from a friend about a
4 He took my keys so he could come back to fix it
woman who lost her wedding ring …
the next day while I was at work.
B What happened?
5 The next morning when I tried to leave for work, I
A Well, she’d lost her wedding ring years ago, in …
discovered that he had locked my front door from
1995, I think, while she was baking in her kitchen;
the outside, and I couldn’t get out of the flat.
and although she looked everywhere, even taking
6 My parents were travelling abroad, and no one
up the kitchen floor, she couldn’t find it anywhere.
else I know had a spare key.
B Oh no, that’s awful.
7 I tried to call my friend, but he had left his phone in
A Yes, but then she found it again more than ten
my flat. It rang right next to me.

avoid thinking about the marshmallow at all. Then the waiting the full time. Learning these techniques can
children didn’t have to make an effort not to eat it. In help in adult life because being able to wait helps us
a later experiment, Mischel proved that when he to make the right choices.
taught the children some simple techniques, such as
imagining the marshmallow wasn’t real, that it was Exercise 6c
just a picture of a marshmallow, nearly all the Audio 3.4
children succeeded in waiting the full fifteen minutes. achieve
So, everyone can learn to wait if they want to. This is avoid
important because this experiment isn’t just about
manage
waiting for a marshmallow. If you can wait for a
marshmallow, then you’ll be able to choose to study observe
rather than watch TV, knowing it’s better for your prefer
future. You’ll succeed in saving up money for
resist
something you really want, rather than spending it
without thinking. And, in this way, you will be able to succeed
make better decisions about your future, and
3.2 Faking it?
eventually get a better, and higher-paid, job.
Exercise 7b
Exercise 5
Audio 3.5
Audio 3.3 When he was working in the burger van, Ed had to
In the Marshmallow Test, researchers left four-year- be reliable and turn up for work on time. He also had
old children alone in a room with a marshmallow. If to be polite to the customers. However, he didn’t
the children managed to resist temptation and not eat have to take much responsibility as his boss dealt
the marshmallow, the researcher promised them a with the money. He didn’t need to get up early
reward of two marshmallows. However most of the because the van opened at 11 a.m. When he wanted
children found it difficult to be patient and gave in to, he could even take a day off work.
before the time was up. They preferred to have
Now that he’s training to be a chef, it’s very different.
something immediately rather than wait for what they
He has to manage a team, even though he finds it
really wanted. The researchers found that, as adults,
difficult to tell people what to do. It’s also a very high-
those children who could rise to the challenge were
pressure job, so he must work to tight deadlines.
generally much more successful than the others.
However, he doesn’t have to work outside any more,
The best technique was to avoid thinking about the and he can take home really nice food when the
marshmallow at all. The successful children dealt restaurant has closed.
with the problem by looking away or covering their
eyes. If they didn’t think about the marshmallow, they
didn’t have to make an effort not to eat it.
When Mischel taught a different set of children this

technique, nearly all the children succeeded in

Review Unit 4
4.1 Living on water
Exercise 2a
Audio 3.10
Exercise 5c
1 If I come into work early, I can leave early. Audio 4.1
2 In my last job I had to wear a uniform. So, yesterday we took the train from La Paz, Bolivia,
3 You can’t use the phone for private calls. into Peru, stopping at Puno, and today we’re going to
4 You don’t need to wear a tie. visit the floating islands on Lake Titicaca. I can’t wait.
5 You must remember to lock up before you go. Ever since I first heard about these islands in a
geography class many years ago, I’ve wanted to see
Exercise 5a them. Actually, I don’t really enjoy boat trips, but I’m
Audio 3.11 sure the water on the lake will be quite calm, as it’s a
1 good- clear sunny day. It’s quite cold, though, so I’m going
2 English- to take an extra sweater to keep warm.
3 well- I’m really interested in finding out more about how
4 hard- people live there. I believe we’ll be able to ask them
5 easy- questions through a guide. I’d love to know what
6 second- people eat – a lot of fish, I suppose! I’d also like to
know what they think the future holds for them and
Exercise 6b
their families. Do they think their children will stay on
Audio 3.12 the islands? What effect is technology going to have
A The first thing you do is to put some flour in a on their lives? I know they already have solar power
bowl, with a little salt. Then you crack an egg into and even black and white TVs.
the bowl.
Just thought! It would be great to have some photos
B I’m not very good at that. How do you crack the
for the blog, so I’ll take my camera, too. Just hope I
egg without getting bits of shell in the bowl?
don’t drop it in the water …
A No problem, Let me show you. Look, you crack it
on the edge of the bowl, like this. Then you mix it 4.2 Forest bathing
in and add the milk. Make sure you mix it very
Exercise 1a
thoroughly, so there aren’t any lumps.
B What next? Audio 4.2
A Then you have to wait for about 30 minutes. While 1 It was the end of September and a beautiful sunny
you’re doing that you can get ready whatever you day. Autumn is the most beautiful season here and
want to put on the pancakes. Then you heat some the leaves on the trees were beginning to turn
oil or butter and put some mixture in the pan. golden in places. As we climbed through the forest,
When the first side is cooked, you flip it over. we enjoyed the fresh air and the smell of the soil.
Look, you do it like this. Moving slowly up the steep, winding path, we
B Wow! That’s clever. came to the edge of the forest and suddenly we
could see a gorgeous lake at the edge of a

place at the moment will tell us more about how 4 People who live near green spaces are more likely
this works. The Japanese government has to be active.
already built forty-eight official forest bathing trails,
and say they will definitely build another fifty-two
development
within the next ten years.
P Really? That’s a lot. Do you think it could become Exercise 2a
as popular in other countries?
Audio 4.6
J Yes, it probably will. In fact, South Korea has
1 neat and tidy
already started building its own forest bathing
2 in a bit of a mess
centres, and other countries, like Finland, may
soon follow. Exercise 2c
Exercise 6b Audio 4.7

understanding consonant-vowel linking
Audio 4.4
1 In the US people now spend 8.5 hours a day When one word finishes in a consonant, and the next
looking at a screen, and this trend will definitely word begins with a vowel (or the other way round),
spread around the world as smartphones become the consonant often becomes ‘attached’ to the vowel.
more common. This means that it is difficult to hear the correct
2 The percentage of British people living in cities is words:
likely to rise to 92% by 2030. The person you are listening to actually said: I’ll ask
3 Countries such as Botswana, where, in 1950, only her, but you hear: Alaska.
3% of people lived in a city, may end up in a similar
While you are listening, you have to check that what
situation.
you hear makes sense in the situation.
4 Nowadays 61% of Botswana’s population lives in
cities and this percentage will probably rise further. Exercise 3a
5 Walking in a forest for 30 minutes improves mood
Audio 4.8
and might even stop you getting ill.
1 What a mess!
6 After a two-hour walk, some people showed a 50%
2 in a while
increase in the white blood cells needed to help
3 take up too much space
fight disease.
4 peace and quiet
7 The Japanese government will build 52 more forest
5 a nice drink
bathing trails within the next ten years, and other
6 a big apartment
countries may follow.
Exercises 8a & c Exercise 3b

Audio 4.9
Audio 4.5
1 What a mess this room is! We need to tidy it up.
1 This trend will definitely spread around the world.
2 I hope to finish the decorating in a while.
2 The number is likely to rise.
3 This percentage probably won’t rise much further.

Exercise 8b A remake of a classic comedy from 1947, based on

James Thurber’s book, which was written even
Audio 4.13
earlier, in 1939, the film manages to bring the story
R Hello, how can I help you?
up to date quite well. Walter Mitty is a quiet man who
C Hello, I understand that the hotel has a gym?
secretly dreams of being an action hero, rescuing
R Yes, that’s right. It’s in the basement.
people from burning buildings or travelling into space.
C Thank you. Could you tell me the opening hours,
Soon, however, his adventures start to become real,
please?
as he decides to set out on a journey to find a
R It’s open from 7 a.m. until 9 p.m.
missing photographic negative. The special effects
C Thank you, that’s great.
are pretty impressive, especially in the scenes set in
R Can I help you with anything else?
Iceland and the Himalayas; but despite a cast with
C Yes, just one last question. Do I need to take a
several excellent comic actors, the film just isn’t very
towel with me, or are they provided?
funny. Kristen Wiig, who plays the woman Mitty is
Review secretly in love with, is just wasted, with no real
humour in what she has to say. Stiller’s performance
Exercise 4b
is better, but overall the film’s a bit disappointing.
Audio 4.14
The other film we’re looking at today is Rio 2096: A
R Hello, Grand Hotel. How can I help you?
Story of Love and Fury. I enjoy going to see
G Hello, I think I may have left my briefcase at
animated films with my kids, but to be honest, I’m not
reception this morning. I wonder if you could
usually a big fan of animated films for adults. So I
check if it’s been handed in?
didn’t expect to enjoy this one. After about ten
R Certainly. Could I just take some details? What
minutes, though, I realized I was wrong. It’s fantastic.
colour was it?
The film is set in four different periods of Brazil’s
G It’s black, and it has my initials on it, MHG, Miguel
history. It starts in the future, in 2096, where a man
Hernandez Garcia.
and a woman, voiced by Brazilian stars Selton Mello
R Thank you … one moment ... Yes, we have it.
and Camila Pitanga, stand at the top of a skyscraper
G That’s great. I wonder if I could come and pick it
in the middle of the night. ‘To live without knowing the
up this evening?
past is like walking in the dark,’ says the man.
R Yes, any time. Can I help you with anything else?
Suddenly the film goes back in time almost 600
G No, that’s all. Thank you for your help, though. I
years, to 1566, when the Portuguese arrived in
really appreciate it.
Brazil.
Unit 5 The man explains that in 1566 he was a Tupinamba
5.1 Universally popular? Indian, attempting to save his tribe, who were all
killed when Rio de Janeiro was first built. Having
Exercise 3 failed to save any of them, including his great love,
Audio 5.1 Janaina, he magically turns into a bird. He will return
The first film we’re looking at today is The Secret Life as a man in the future, when he hopes to be with
of Walter Mitty, starring Ben Stiller and Kristen Wiig. Janaina once more. We then see the couple living

5.3 Vocabulary and skills A What do you fancy watching on TV tonight?

development B I thought we could watch the programme on
climate change.
Exercise 9a A Aw, no. That sounds really boring. I really don’t
Audio 5.5 want to watch another programme about the
1 I’m absolutely exhausted. weather.
2 She was absolutely amazed. B Well, I thought it looked quite interesting; but if
3 That smells absolutely delicious. you’re really sure you don’t want to watch it,
4 It’s absolutely astonishing. there’s a sci-fi movie on the other channel.
5 It’s absolutely enormous. A That sounds much more interesting.
6 It’s absolutely freezing in here. Conversation 3
A Have you tried this new film site? Is it any good?
Exercise 9c B Yes, it’s great. I expected it to be really expensive,
Audio 5.6 but it isn’t. But you have to be careful.
1 I can’t walk any further. I’m absolutely exhausted. A Oh, why?
I’ll have to sit down. B I stayed up till 4 a.m. this morning watching a
2 She was absolutely amazed when she saw her whole series. I wouldn’t recommend that if you
sister standing at the front door. They hadn’t seen have to go to work the next day! I’m exhausted!
each other for ten years. Review

3 That smells absolutely delicious. I love the smell of
garlic. What are you cooking? Exercise 5a
4 It’s absolutely astonishing. This is the first time you Audio 5.8
haven’t been late this year. 1 I feel tired.
5 I can’t carry that. It’s absolutely enormous. I’ll need 2 The film was good.
help to get it up the stairs. 3 That meal was tasty.
6 Put the heater on. It’s absolutely freezing in here. 4 It’s cold today.
5 That piece of cake is large.
6 It looks bad.
Exercises 7 & 8
Exercise 6a
Audio 5.7
Conversation 1 Audio 5.9
A Did you see that stuff on Facebook about how 1 It was nothing like as good as I expected it to be.
much music people listen to every day? 2 It’s really not worth seeing.
B Yes, but I’m not sure I believe it, though. The 3 I wouldn’t recommend it.
statistics look much higher than I’d expect. I 4 I’m pretty sure you wouldn’t like it.
mean, who listens to music when they are going 5 It was much less interesting than I expected.
to sleep?
A Me – and 32% of the people they asked!
Conversation 2

been researching ways in which scientists around That can’t be a good idea, can it?
the world have been trying to artificially control or N Well, this is one of the things we need to find out.
change the weather. Neil, can anything be done There is some concern that creating rain in one
to prevent these extreme weather events? area of the world might take it away from
N Well, if these changes in weather patterns have somewhere else. But in terms of the chemicals, it
been happening as a result of global warming, seems that one group of scientists have found a
then we should try to prevent further warming, by solution. Professor Jean-Pierre Wolf and Dr
reducing pollution, protecting trees and so on. Jérôme Kasparian, at the University of Geneva,
However, scientists have been exploring another have been experimenting with using lasers to
method. It seems possible that we might be able control the weather.
to actually do more to control the weather directly. P Lasers?
N Their experiments have shown that pulses of light
Exercise 4b from a laser can be used to make rain clouds,
Audio 6.5 without using any chemicals. They also think that
P Tell us more about controlling the weather. lasers can be used to direct storms away from
N Well, scientists have been working on techniques certain buildings, such as airports.
to create or prevent rain for quite some time now. P Wow. That is quite amazing. I still feel that
The best-known method is called cloud seeding. perhaps we shouldn’t be playing with the weather
This involves putting chemicals into the air to like this.
encourage any water in the air to form clouds and N Yes, a lot of people would agree with you. But
hopefully rain. you’ve got to remember that we have been
P So, if we can make it rain when we want it to, why changing the weather for a long time anyway
do we still have problems with droughts? through global warming. This type of technology is
N Ah, well, unfortunately it isn’t quite as a simple as nothing compared with that, and it could be
that. If there is a drought, there probably won’t be helpful, rather than harmful.
any clouds in the sky at all. The only thing you

Exercise 7b
could do is to do cloud seeding when there are
clouds and then save the water for when there is Audio 6.6
a drought. In recent years there has been a noticeable increase
P That could be helpful, I guess … And can it help in extreme weather events. Many scientists now
with storms and hurricanes as well? agree that climate change has caused this increase.
N Yes. Hurricanes form in warm, tropical waters. The science correspondent in the programme has
That’s why global warming is having an impact; as just finished researching ways in which scientists
the seas get warmer, there are likely to be more around the world have been trying to artificially
hurricanes. But it seems possible that we could control or change weather patterns. These scientists
use cloud seeding to cool the seas down. have been exploring various techniques, including
P That sounds incredible! But is it actually a good cloud seeding, over the past few years. However,
idea to try and change the weather? I mean, what many people are worried about putting chemicals into
about putting chemicals into the atmosphere? the atmosphere. Recently one team of scientists in

2 crop damage
3 global warming
Exercise 5a 4 heatwaves
5 landslides
Audio 6.11
6 strong winds
S Hi, Pedro – it’s Sara.
7 tropical storms
P Oh, hi. I was just thinking about you, Sara. We’re
8 water shortages
meeting for lunch with Estelle tomorrow, aren’t
we?
Exercise 5a
S Actually that’s why I’m phoning. There’s been a
Audio 6.14
change of plan. I’m afraid I’ve got something else
on tomorrow lunchtime – I’ve got a work meeting 1 music
from 12 till 2 that I can’t change – so how about 2 cloud
getting together after work instead? Say 6 3 danger
o’clock? We could go for an early dinner. 4 luck
P Let me just have a look at my diary … Hmm, I’m 5 stress
really sorry, but I can’t make it then. I’m meeting 6 success
someone in town at 6.30. Are you free on 7 fashion
Thursday after work? 8 comfort
S Well, I’m supposed to be playing tennis with my

Exercise 6b
sister, but we can probably change it to another
day. I’ll speak to her, then I’ll get back to you. OK? Audio 6.15
And will you see if Thursday is OK with Estelle? J Hi, it’s Joanne here.
P No problem. I’ll speak to you later, then. M Hi, Joanne.
S Bye. J You know we were supposed to be going to the
cinema on Saturday? I’m really sorry, but there’s
Exercise 6b been a change of plan. Can we go on Sunday
Audio 6.12 instead?

M Oh dear. Sorry, but I’m not available then. How
1 There's been a change of plan.
about next Saturday?
2 I've got something else on tomorrow lunchtime.
3 How about getting together after work instead? J Ah, I’m meant to be meeting my brother and his
4 I'm really sorry but I can't make it then. wife for dinner next Saturday. But I’ll talk to them
and get back to you.
5 I'm supposed to be playing tennis with my sister.
M OK, that’s fine.
6 I'll speak to her, then I'll get back to you.
Review
Exercise 3b
Audio 6.13
1 climate change

2 At work, is it better to obey the rules, or to take I Yes, of course. I asked when was the last time
risks? you had a difference of opinion with someone at
3 Have you ever had a temporary job? What was it? work – a time you disagreed with someone?
Did you want it to become permanent? S Ah, OK. Let me see … a time I had a different
4 Have you ever had a job where you had to opinion. Well … actually, last month I was working
supervise other employees? Did you like the in a project team, and I didn’t agree with the team
responsibility? leader about the time we needed to complete the
5 Would you like a job where you had to come up project.
with new ideas, or one where you simply followed I And how did you deal with that? What did you do?
the rules? S Well, I …
6 Do you find it easy to think creatively and come up Marina
with new ideas? How do you do it? M Oh, that’s a difficult question! Let me think … well,
I suppose I would be something like an egg …
yes, an egg!
Exercises 7a & b I Why an egg?
M Well, because an egg is very … now, what’s the
Audio 7.3
word again? … Useful, yes, an egg is very useful
Li Yan
– it goes in so many dishes, and it is one of those
L I’m not sure I understand. Could you explain what
foods that is eaten all over the world … so, useful,
you mean?
international … and very healthy, of course!
I Well, yes, of course … so, you’ve applied for this
Ken
job and you want to get this job. But why should
K I’m sorry. Could you explain what you mean?
we give it to you?
I Yes, of course. What I mean is, what makes you
L Oh, I see. OK, you should give me the job
want to work, to do a good job … and the
because I have a lot of experience that will help
opposite of that – what stops you being interested
your company.
or working well?
I Could you give some examples of that?
K Ah, OK, now I get it. Well, goals are very
L Well, to give you a good example, I spent three
important to me. I work really well when I have
years working in a similar situation in …
clear goals – I know what I am doing, why I am
Parissa
doing it and when I need to do it by.
A I’m not sure I understand. Do you mean what job
I Could you give some examples of that?
will I have?
K Yeah, of course. One example was when …
I Yes … in other words, what are your goals for the
next few years? What do you want to do?
Exercises 8a & b
A Ah, I see. Well, I’m very ambitious. First, I’d like to
get some good work experience with a company Audio 7.4
like yours and then, in a couple of years, I plan to 1 Could you explain what you mean?
start a part-time master’s course in … 2 Well, to give you a good example, I spent three
Sophie years working in a similar situation.
S I’m sorry. Could you repeat that, please?

allowed paid time off work after the birth of a baby, 4 If we won the lottery we could give some money to
and they can decide how to share the time. It’s a very charity.
family-friendly country, with free or very cheap 5 I wouldn’t do a job if it were risky or dangerous.
childcare provided by the government. 6 He’d be so embarrassed if he knew people were
talking about his heroism.
The Danes only work thirty-seven hours a week on
average. If people work a thirty-seven hour week, 8.3 Vocabulary and skills
they have quite a lot of leisure time, and the Danes development
spend much of this time socializing and enjoying
cultural activities. The winter may be cold and dark,
Exercise 2
but there is a special term, ‘hygge’, to describe a kind Audio 8.4
of cosy meeting with friends and family. People light changing sounds when we link words
candles, keep warm, and eat delicious food together.
Speaking at natural speed, we often change the last
And, finally more than 40% of Danes use their extra sound of a word to make it easier to say the words
leisure time to do voluntary work, helping their together, for example, when one word ends in
neighbours. sounds t or d and the next word starts with sounds
I’m beginning to see just why it’s such a great place such as b, p, k, g, m. Listening to natural speech,
to live. these changes can make groups of words more

difficult to understand.
Exercises 5b, 6a & b written form natural speed
Audio 8.2 would move /wʊ(b)mu:v/
1 If people spend more than an hour travelling to
that place /ðæpleɪs/
work, they are generally less content.
2 Unless you have some close friendships, you will
Exercise 3
find it hard to be happy.
3 If you do regular exercise outdoors, you’ll be able Audio 8.5
to work more efficiently. 1 red pram
4 People tend to be happier if they are in a long-term 2 could be
relationship. 3 white coffee
5 If people are active in work and free time, they’ll 4 mild coffee
probably be healthier. 5 should go

6 cold metal
8.2 What makes a hero? 7 hot pepper
8 hot milk
Exercise 5b
Audio 8.3 Exercise 4a
1 If I were braver, I might be a firefighter.
Audio 8.6
2 We could volunteer more if we had more time.
If you could pick anywhere in the world to live, where
3 What would you do if you saw someone being
would you go? Iceland might not be the most obvious
robbed?

seems that it’s just too much for our brains. Are there any questions?
The third and last factor I want to mention today is Review

stress. Researchers have found that people making
decisions under stress are more likely to think about Exercise 1b
the possible positive results of a decision and less Audio 8.11
likely to think about the negatives. So if you’re under 1 If you spend it on the right things, money can buy
stress at work and trying to decide whether to leave, happiness.
you’re more likely to think about how great it will feel 2 Most people will be happier if you spend time with
to leave and less about how you’ll actually get a new them rather than spend money on them.
job. 3 If you’re going on holiday, you will be happier if you
pay for it straightaway.
Exercise 6a 4 People should buy experiences rather than things,
Audio 8.10 especially if they are older.
Now, let’s move on to look at how to make a 5 People don’t enjoy things as much unless they
decision. One common method is to gather the have to work hard for them.
necessary information (but not too much,
remember!), list the possible solutions and set a time Exercise 2a
limit. This helps you to be more decisive. Audio 8.12
Another useful thing to do is to make two lists on a 1 If I were president of my country, …
piece of paper – the advantages and the 2 I would move to another country if …
disadvantages – and then see if you have more 3 If I spoke fluent English, …
advantages than disadvantages and how important 4 I could earn more money if …
each one is. In fact, Charles Darwin, the great 5 If I had more money, …
evolutionary scientist is said to have used this 6 I’d be happier if …
method to decide whether to ask his girlfriend to

marry him. Not a great romantic, though ... Unit 9
Many people believe that it’s sometimes a good idea 9.1 Real beauty?
to be guided by our heart – our gut feeling – so
Exercises 2a & b
remember that overthinking things can sometimes
Audio 9.1
make your decision-making ability worse.
1 He’s got dark hair and a bit of stubble on his chin.
So, we’ve looked at some of the things that affect our
He looks quite middle-aged and he’s got a bit of a
ability to make decisions and some ways to make
double chin. He’s quite well-built, possibly a bit
decisions; now I’d like to finish with a tip. Decision-
overweight. Oh, and he’s going bald. But he’s got
making can be a difficult and complicated process.
kind eyes!
Don’t expect everyone to agree with your decisions,
2 I’d say he’s in good shape. He’s probably in his
and be prepared to accept that sometimes you will
late twenties. He’s got quite a square jaw and a big
make the wrong choices.
nose, but it looks good! He’s got a bit of a beard

Speaker 3 J Yes. There are a lot of us in this office trying to

8 The abstract painting must be very modern. I don’t work, and, well, it’s a bit noisy at times.
think it was painted a long time ago. L Yeah, actually you’re right. It is noisy sometimes,
9 It could be older than you think. People started isn’t it?
painting abstracts more than one hundred years J No, what I mean is you’re a bit noisy at times. On
ago. the phone.
10 It can’t be a painting of a mandrill. I can’t see L Well, I did have one long call today – sorry about
a mandrill in the painting at all! that.
J To be honest, the problem’s been going on for a
while now. You keep making personal calls in our
development
shared workspace.
Exercises 10a & b Conversation 2
A Dan, can I have a word?
Audio 9.6
D Oh, hi, Andy. Yeah, sure. What’s up?
1 The search for the missing climbers went on all
A Well, sorry to bother you, but …
night.
D Is everything OK?
2 But in the end they had to give up.
A Well, actually, no, not really. Look, it’s a bit
3 Jon took up bird-watching in his teens, and he’s
awkward, but I’m afraid there’s something I’m not
never got tired of it.
happy about …
4 Dan takes after his father in looks, but his mother
D Oh … what’s that?
in character.
A It’s the office kitchen – well, you don’t ever seem
5 I’m really looking forward to the concert tomorrow. I
to wash up your stuff; you just leave your coffee
haven’t seen any live music for years!
cups for someone else to do, and you leave food
6 Jill and I get on really well, even though we only
out on the counter. Look, Dan, to be honest, we’re
see each other every five years.
all getting a bit fed up with it.
7 Why don’t you come round later and we’ll watch a
DVD?
Exercise 7b
8 We had to put off the meeting because the
projector broke down. Audio 9.8
Conversation 1 continued
8.4 Speaking and writing J Do you think you could take your personal calls
outside the office?
Exercise 7a
L Yes, of course … I’ll make sure I get up and go
Audio 9.7
out in future, so people can’t hear me.
Conversation 1
J Well, actually, would you mind taking the calls in
J Look, I'm sorry to have to say this, but I need to
your own time rather than when we’re working?
talk to you about something.
Maybe in your lunchtime? Sometimes you’re too
L Oh, what’s that? What’s wrong?
busy on the phone when one of us needs to
J Well, I’m afraid there’s a problem with noise.
speak to you.
L Noise?
L Yes, of course I can do that. And listen, I’d really

It is also hoped that the new plans will help Britain to

Exercises 9a & b break more records in future Olympic Games.
Audio 10.2
Exercises 4a & b
1 Ali Ganjavian noticed that people who travel a lot
often get very tired. Audio 10.4
2 The Ostrich Pillow was invented to help long- 1 It’s just unrealistic for children to be told that
distance travellers. everyone can win; life is competitive. If you lose a
3 It’s a kind of hat that is pulled over the head in race, then you should just try harder. That’s what I
order to take a nap. learnt when I was at school.
4 So far, over $195,000 has been pledged by its 2 I don’t think more competition is the answer. Sport
backers. at school isn’t about teaching children how to be
5 In the first three months of production, Ganjavian’s competitive; it’s about encouraging them to
company shipped five thousand pillows to fifty-two exercise.
countries. 3 There are plenty of children who don’t do well
academically, who are brilliant at sports. Why
10.2 Competitive sport
shouldn’t they be allowed to play against each
Exercise 2c other and prove how well they can do? No one
says that trying to get a good mark in an exam is
Audio 10.3
too competitive.
As figures show that more and more children are
4 I went to a school that insisted on competitive
overweight, the government has announced that
sports. The school used to hold sports days in a
highly competitive sports days and tournaments are
public park, so everyone in the park could watch. I
to be re-introduced at schools. Under the new plans,
was small for my age and always came last in all
schools will play against each other in an Olympics-
the races. It was awful.
style event, with sports such as football, athletics,
5 Competition is healthy, but taking part is more
rugby, swimming, tennis and cycling. Winning teams
important than winning. Everyone should feel good
will compete in sixty county competitions before
about having done their best, whether they win or
going on to a national final.
lose.
For too long, schools have been avoiding competitive 6 If everyone knows at the start of a race who the
sports, introducing activities such as yoga, winner is going to be, then it can be boring and
trampolining, cheerleading and dancing instead. demotivating. Why can’t children be encouraged to
They seem to believe that losing a race will make compete against themselves, to break their own
people feel bad about themselves. We have to personal records instead?
realize that taking part in competitive sport is not bad
for people’s self-esteem. Whether you win or lose, Exercise 5b
competitive sport teaches people to work together in
Audio 10.5
a team and to try hard to be the best that they can
1 It’s just unrealistic for children to be told that
be. These are skills which are just as important in the
everyone can win; life is competitive.
workplace as they are in school.
2 If you lose a race, then you should just try harder.

of the crowd will be made up of their own fans, and 3 ... there are certain football stadiums ... which
there is plenty of evidence to show that the home seem to be designed to take advantage of the
team really does have an advantage. On average, noise fans make.
teams playing in their home stadium win about 53% 4 ... they can learn to take no notice of whatever the
of the time, and there are certain football stadiums, other team’s fans might be shouting.
such as the Turkish team Galatasaray’s Ali Sami Yen 5 … referees, or match officials, who have to take
Stadium, which seem to be designed to take decisions about whether to allow goals and so on.
advantage of the noise fans make, using the shape 6 ... noise from the crowd might cause them to take
of the stadium to make the noise as loud as possible. unnecessary risks and make a mistake.
This then makes it very difficult for the visiting team
to do well.
Some teams now train using recordings of the other Exercise 2a

team’s fans, so that they can learn to take no notice Audio 10.14
of whatever their opponents might be shouting. Helsinki, Lisbon, Istanbul, Bologna, Liverpool, Riga,
However, there is some evidence to suggest that the Santiago de Compostela … what do they all have in
biggest impact of the crowd is not on the players, but common? They’re all in Europe, of course, but
on the referees, or match officials, who have to take they’re also all past winners of the title of European
decisions about whether to allow goals and so on. It Capital of Culture. Since 1985, when Athens was first
seems that shouting from the crowd can affect their given the title, a different city has been chosen each
decisions, and make them more likely to favour the year to organize a series of cultural events. As well
home team. as the honour of being chosen, the winning cities
But is the noise of their supporters always a positive have often been able to attract more visitors and
thing for players or athletes? Not necessarily. In improve their image, so competition is fierce.
general, crowds seem to improve performance for

Exercise 7a
team sports and sports that involve strength or the
ability to keep going, such as running or cycling. Audio 10.15
However, sports which require a lot of concentration 1
don’t benefit from the excitement caused by the A So how long are you going to be in Spain?
screaming crowd. These kinds of athletes need calm B Six months. My company is opening an office in
and quiet to do well, and noise from the crowd might Seville, and I’m involved in setting it up.
cause them to take unnecessary risks and make a A I loved living in Spain. You are so lucky to be
mistake. going there.
B Yes, but I hope I don’t get lonely – being so far
Exercise 8b from home.
Audio 10.13 A Well, there’s one thing you could do to meet
1 Don’t the fans have a responsibility to turn up and people – you could try learning flamenco. I tried it
encourage their team? and I loved it – I made loads of friends.
2 ... the home team really does have an advantage. B But I’m not much of a dancer.
A That doesn’t matter. There are fantastic schools –

the film will be going straight to his victims, but deserved it! Though I don’t think he ever gave any
can it be right to make films which celebrate of the money away. When he was arrested, he
someone’s crimes in this way? Susie, will you be escaped from prison by tying his bed sheets
going to see the film? together! It’s a great story, and there’s been a film
S Yes, definitely. I think it’s a fascinating story. made about him since.
P Why do you think people are so interested in his P Really? People do seem to love this kind of story,
story? Didn’t he get a lot of fans on Facebook as don’t they?
well?
11.2 I should never have clicked
S Yes, he did. I think the biggest thing with Colton is
‘send’!
that the story was just so entertaining. Everyone
wanted to know what would happen next. And lots Exercise 6a
of people just loved the idea of him teaching
Audio 11.2
himself to fly – who wouldn’t want to do that?!
1 I accidentally posted a video of myself and some
P Er, me for one! But seriously, he wasn’t really
friends at a party and my boss saw it. I didn’t mean
someone to be admired, was he? I mean, if he
to post it. I was uploading a different video and
had crashed the plane in a town, he would
accidentally clicked on this video, too. It was really
probably have killed someone. But there are
embarrassing, and now my boss thinks I’m really
examples of criminals who actually did some
unprofessional.
good. I can understand those more. Take Ned
2 I had just had a job interview and one of the
Kelly, for instance.
interviewers was very rude to me. So I tweeted
S I’ve heard of him, but I’m not sure what he did.
about it. As soon as I pressed Send, I knew it was
P He was an outlaw in Australia in the 1800s. His
a mistake, but it was too late. Later I found out that
trouble started when a police officer was shot in
I would have been offered the job, but someone
Ned’s house. Ned was arrested for murder, but he
saw my tweet and they changed their minds and
claimed he hadn’t done it and escaped with his
gave the job to someone else.
brother and two friends. The four of them then
went around robbing banks, but they were kind to Exercise 6b
the people who actually worked in the banks, and
Audio 11.3
shared the money with other people. Ned claimed
1 She should have been more careful when she
that he was being unfairly treated because his
posted the video.
family was Irish. When he was finally arrested,
2 She shouldn’t have accepted her boss as a ‘friend’
thousands of people protested outside the prison.
online.
S That reminds me of someone else I heard about –
3 She shouldn’t have behaved badly at the party.
a Hungarian called Atilla Ambrus. He robbed
4 She shouldn’t have posted any videos online.
banks as well, back in the early 1990s. No one
5 He should have thought before pressing Send.
was ever hurt, and he treated the people working
6 He shouldn’t have said anything negative about the
at the bank very politely. He even gave the
interviewer online.
women working there flowers! He became popular
7 He should have waited until he was offered the job.
because many people felt that the banks

For example:
We must get permission. I had to help.
Exercise 2
When you are listening, use the context to decide if
the speaker used a modal verb, and which one suits Audio 11.9
the context best. A OK, so when do we have to move?

B By the end of the month; I think the last day’s the
Exercises 5b & d 28th.
C I’ve been checking all the estate agent’s sites on
Audio 11.8
the internet, and there seem to be quite a few
I Over the past three programmes, we’ve looked at
apartments that would suit us.
the results of actions – both our personal actions
A Great. Let’s see. It would be a good idea for us to
and the actions of big business and government.
decide what we have to have.
Today we have Dr Michelle Hall with us. She’s
C Well, to start off, a bedroom each, and a nice
been researching into an area known as
living room …
‘unintended consequences’. Good morning, Dr
B I’d like the apartment to have a balcony.
Hall. Just to start off with, can you tell us what you
C Let’s leave extras like that for now and
mean exactly by ‘unintended consequences’?
concentrate on the essentials.
H Good morning, Peter. Well, yes, the easiest way
B Don’t you think a balcony is essential? What will
to explain is through an example: let’s imagine
we do in the summer when it’s hot?
that we pass a law which says that all young
A Well, another option would be to go for a ground-
people must wear helmets when they are cycling.
floor apartment, or a building with a shared
This looks like a very sensible law. Obviously our
garden.
intention is that if a young cyclist were to have an
C OK, we can see what’s available. Could we move
accident, their head would be protected.
on to thinking about where we want to live?
I Yes, it sounds like a very good idea!
A Near the centre – that would be good for you at
H But the problem is that wearing helmets is very
the university and for our office.
‘uncool’, or unfashionable, so young people might
B OK, now for the difficult question: how much rent
say, ‘I don’t want to wear a helmet’.
can we afford to pay?
I And so …?
C Could we all go up by 100 euros a month? We’d
H So they’ll stop cycling, and go everywhere by car.
get somewhere really nice for that.
This means they may take less exercise. And then
A I suppose so.
they could put on weight, and later in life that
C So, we’re looking for a three-bedroomed
might bring health problems. And that all means
apartment, near the city centre …
that the unintended result is as bad as the original
B With a balcony or garden …
problem.
Exercise 3a
Audio 11.10
1 Let’s leave extras like that for now …
2 Don’t you think a balcony is essential?

T Erm, to believe that you could do it, to listen

Exercise 8a carefully when the person first says their name, to
Audio 12.2 use their name in the conversation, to look at their
1 The best ad I’ve seen had a serious point. face and associate it with the name, and to write
2 Earth Hour is about saving energy. down their name and everything you can
3 I saw an amazing ad … remember about them afterwards.
4 Lots of them were offered help. P That sounds sensible. Have you got better at
5 The instructor told them that a new law had been remembering names since you read the book?
passed. T Actually, I think I have … a bit, at least. It probably
6 There were lots of silly little accidents. takes practice.

P And what does the book say about persuading
12.2 How to persuade and people?
influence people T Well, there’s a lot of information – you’ll have to
Exercises 5a, 5b & 7a read it, really. But probably the most important
thing is to really listen to people and to ask
Audio 12.3
questions to find out what’s really important to
P So, Tania, you’ve been reading our book of the
them, what matters to them. When they see that
week, How to Persuade and Influence People.
you understand them, you’ll be better able to
Did you enjoy it?
influence or persuade them.
T Yes, actually. I thought it might be useful, but I
P I guess that makes sense, too … So, most
didn’t really expect to enjoy reading it. But it was
important question: are you better at persuading
really quite entertaining. There are a lot of
people now?
personal stories by the author, and some of them
T I’m not sure. Ask me again in a few months …
are quite funny.
P I certainly will …
P Can you give an example?
T Er, well, the author probably tells the stories 12.3 Vocabulary and skills
better, but there’s one where a bird attacked the development
audience at a presentation …
Exercises 7a & b
P Really?!
T Yes, the author had thought it would be a good Audio 12.4
idea to have a real owl in his presentation, but it 1 Well, the interesting thing is that soft power is now
escaped! Amazingly, he still got the job. all about business. Countries no longer depend on
P So, what did you actually learn from reading the force or politics to increase their influence abroad. I
book? mean, when the distinguished American political
T Well, there were some very useful tips for scientist Joseph Nye used the words ‘soft power’,
remembering people’s names. He says that’s he was referring to foreign policy, but now soft
important in getting people to trust you, so that power is used in business, too. The idea is that to
you can then influence them. succeed in business, you need to influence people
P Oh, I’m not very good at remembering names. – so nothing new there – but the best way to do
What were the tips? that is through communication and soft skills. You

the modern ones. And anyway, we shouldn’t be

Disagree weakly
under pressure to buy new stuff.
I’m not sure about that.
M I couldn’t agree more. But this model never was
stylish! It’s just awful! Yes, but I can’t help thinking …
3 Isabella and Marina
I agree up to a point, but …
I Have you been to that new place in town yet –
you know, at the top of the hill? Review
M Yes, I went last week, actually. What was your
Exercises 2a & b
impression?
I Well, the food is fantastic, but so expensive. And Audio 12.8
they encourage you to order so much! Don’t you 1 It really makes me want to try the product.
agree? 2 I’ll never forget that advert.
M Yeah, that’s just what I thought. I must say, we 3 I didn’t really understand what it was trying to say.
enjoyed it, but I didn’t enjoy paying the bill. I think 4 It was really funny.
it’s in a great spot, though, looking out over the 5 I’ve never seen anything so horrible. Yuck!
city. 6 It is really imaginative and different.
I Absolutely! It’s a great view. It’s even better if
someone else is paying!
Exercise 3a
Audio 12.9
Exercise 4d 1 Do you usually watch adverts on TV?
Audio 12.7 2 What kinds of adverts do you notice?
Agree strongly 3 Have you ever bought a product because of
advertising?
I was just going to say that!
4 What slogans can you remember?
That’s just what I thought. 5 Was advertising better when you were a child?
Absolutely! 6 What do you think about advertising to children?
I couldn’t agree more.
My thoughts exactly.
That’s a good point.
Agree weakly
I suppose so.
You might be right.
Disagree strongly
I totally disagree.
Rubbish!

5 Before I became the team leader, I didn’t need to 5.1 -ing form and infinitive with to
set other people’s goals.
Audio GR5.1
Audio GR3.2b 1 They finished filming in January.
1 In my present job I can set my own goals. 2 I don’t feel like going out tonight.
2 Employees can’t make personal calls while at 3 I ran five kilometres without stopping.
work. 4 We agreed to meet at 6.30.
3 At school we could choose which foreign 5 Carole chose not to go to the party as she had a
languages we studied. I chose German and job interview the next day.
Spanish.
5.2 Time expressions with present
4 Women couldn’t study to become doctors in the
perfect and past simple
UK until 1876.
Audio GR5.2
4.1 will/be going to for predictions 1 Marco’s eaten three bars of chocolate so far
and decisions today.
Audio GR4.1a He’ll be sick.
1 Climate change will cause huge problems. 2 A When did you arrive?
2 Soon there won’t be space in cities for all the B We’ve been here since Tuesday.
people who want to live in them. 3 A Have you ever been to Egypt?
3 Look at the traffic! It’s going to take a long time to B Yes, I went about four years ago. It was
get there. fantastic.
Audio GR4.1b 6.1 Defining and non-defining

1 What a lovely day! I’ll have a swim later. relative clauses
2 We’re going to have a few days in Paris next Audio GR6.1a
month. 1 I want to meet the person who found my handbag.
I’d like to thank them.
4.2 will/may/might to talk about
2 What’s it called? It’s the gadget that is used for
probability
opening cans.
Audio GR4.2 3 Look, isn’t that the woman whose handbag you
1 People will continue to move from the countryside found?
to the city, so in the next fifty years there may be 4 The man I met yesterday told me how to get to the
many cities with populations of more than ten concert hall.
million.
2 Owning their own home might become impossible
for most people.
3 Temperatures are likely to rise over the next
century, and this may possibly have an impact on
weather.

5 The Pyramids in Egypt are some of the oldest 2 The burglar might have escaped if the alarm
buildings in the world. hadn’t gone off.
9.2 Modals of deduction and 11.2 should/shouldn’t have

speculation
Audio GR11.2
Audio GR9.2 1 You really should have contacted me sooner
1 The lights are on. Someone must be at home. about the problem.
2 He can’t be English. Listen to his accent – I think 2 They shouldn’t have spent so much money on a
he’s South African. holiday.
3 It’s very cold. It might snow soon. 3 Who should we have told about the change of
4 Don’t you think she looks a bit like Andrea? She arrangements for the meeting?
could be his sister. 4 They shouldn’t have taken the money.
10.1 Active and passive forms 12.1 Reported speech

Audio GR10.1 Audio GR12.1a
1 Jaguars are found in South America, not Africa. Direct speech Reported speech
2 Henry VIII, the famous English king, was married 1 ‘It’s a great idea.’ He said that it was a
six times. great idea.
3 The programme will be broadcast at eight o’clock 2 ‘I really like the new She said that she really
tomorrow evening. ad.’ liked the new ad.
4 Modern furniture can be made of wood, plastic or 3 ‘It was a long journey.’ He told us that it had
other man-made materials. been a long journey.
4 ‘I’ve never been there.’ She told us she’d never
10.2 a/an, the and no article
been there.
Audio GR10.2 5 ‘We’re hoping sales He said they were
1 What would you like, an apple or a banana? will increase.’ hoping sales would
2 The Shard is one of the newest buildings in increase.
London. 6 ‘It’ll get easier with He told them it would
3 I can see a car in the distance. I think the car’s red. practice.’ get easier with
4 Football is probably the most popular sport in the practice.
world.
5 I became interested in astronomy when I was at
school.
11.1 Sentences with if – unreal past

conditional
Audio GR11.1
1 If the bank robber had escaped, he wouldn’t
have gone to prison.

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B1+ Coursebook audioscripts

Audio 1.1 football!

S Do you socialize outside work? evening class. I’m learning German …

trust … there aren’t so many of those. Maybe five

NAVIGATE Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2015 Page 1 of 46

the time we prefer people to buy locally because example:

transporting goods by air has a harmful effect on three times a week

L Actually, most people don’t understand how

Audio 1.6 concentrating on one thing.

1 Can you explain a little about what Buy Nothing

NAVIGATE Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2015 Page 3 of 46

There seems to be an idea that you have to have

Exercise 3b teams of people were looking for him, but it was

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that they’d done it to be on TV. He was supposed years later.

During the early twentieth century, scientists were ring!

between early man and apes. In 1912 that evidence Really?

Woodward were digging on a site in Piltdown, in the ring …

evidence science needed. Woodward claimed that

The Piltdown Man hoax truly damaged science Review

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When Mischel taught a different set of children this

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Exercise 6b Audio 4.7

more common. This means that it is difficult to hear the correct

2 The percentage of British people living in cities is words:

Exercises 8a & c Exercise 3b

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Exercise 8b A remake of a classic comedy from 1947, based on

Unit 5 The man explains that in 1566 he was a Tupinamba

Audio 5.1 Janaina, he magically turns into a bird. He will return

NAVIGATE Photocopiable © Oxford University Press 2015 Page 15 of 46

5.3 Vocabulary and skills A What do you fancy watching on TV tonight?

Audio 5.6 but it isn’t. But you have to be careful.

1 I can’t walk any further. I’m absolutely exhausted. A Oh, why?

each other for ten years. Review

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This involves putting chemicals into the air to like this.

hopefully rain. you’ve got to remember that we have been

any clouds in the sky at all. The only thing you

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from 12 till 2 that I can’t change – so how about 2 cloud

getting together after work instead? Say 6 3 danger

o’clock? We could go for an early dinner. 4 luck

P Let me just have a look at my diary … Hmm, I’m 5 stress

really sorry, but I can’t make it then. I’m meeting 6 success

someone in town at 6.30. Are you free on 7 fashion

Thursday after work? 8 comfort

S Well, I’m supposed to be playing tennis with my

Audio 6.12 instead?

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Sophie years working in a similar situation.

S I’m sorry. Could you repeat that, please?

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to live. these changes can make groups of words more

to work more efficiently. 1 red pram

4 People tend to be happier if they are in a long-term 2 could be

relationship. 3 white coffee