DJJ40132

Engineering and
Society
Chapter 4 : Engineering
Management in Society
Lecturer : Mohd Yusri Ibrahim
Upon completion of this chapter,
students should be able to:
1. differentiate management and engineering
2. Find the relationship of engineering management to the
society
3. Determine engineering responsibilities
4. Classify by laws and standards in engineering practice
 Differentiate management and engineering

Management Engineering
Define by the administration of Define by the use of scientific
an organization. Management includes the principles to design and build machines,
activities of setting the strategy of an structures, and other items, including
organization and coordinating the efforts bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and
of its employees (or of volunteers) to buildings. The discipline of engineering
accomplish its objectives through the encompasses a broad range of more
application of available resources, such as specialized fields of engineering, each with
financial, natural, technological, and a more specific emphasis on particular
human resources. areas of applied mathematics, applied
science, and types of application.
 Management and engineering

 Engineering Management is a combination of technological abilities of

solving problems, planning strategies, administration, in order to fulfil the
missions and vision at large.
 They are rather interdependent on one another and require equal attention
or focus while having a goal for an organisation.
 Companies and organizations are invested in hiring engineers who can
integrate technical expertise and effective interpersonal communication
skills.
How is management related to
engineering?
 Engineering managers serve as the interface
between the business and technical sides of
a project, translating business-oriented goals
and needs into actionable engineering
strategies and projects. They direct teams to
ensure they stay motivated, focused, and
efficient.
 Engineering management basically has 4
main functions. Planning, Organizing,
Directing, Controlling.
Relationship of engineering
management to the society

This two-way process, the mutual interaction

between technology and society, can be viewed as a
form of supply-and-demand relationship. Society
makes demands, in the form of needs and desires;
technology provides solutions, and society provides
feedback in the form of the degree of acceptance
of these solutions.
Engineering practice in society

 Engineering practices include identifying problems that need

solving, designing solutions to problems, constructing
models, applying science and mathematics concepts in
problem solving, using technology in solving problems,
testing and evaluating solutions, and communicating
solutions.
 Engineering responsibilities

 Engineering is an important and learned profession. As members of this

profession, engineers are expected to exhibit the highest standards of
honesty and integrity.
 Engineering has a direct and vital impact on the quality of life for all
people. Accordingly, the services provided by engineers require
honesty, impartiality, fairness, and equity, and must be dedicated to
the protection of the public health, safety, and welfare.
 Engineers must perform under a standard of professional behavior that
requires adherence to the highest principles of ethical conduct.
Responsibilities of Engineers
1. Loyalty
- Loyalty is the faithful adherence to an organization and the employer.

2. Collegiality
- Collegiality is the term that describes a work environment where responsibility and authority are
shared among the colleagues. The main factors that help in maintain harmony among members at
a workplace are − Respect,Commitment ,Connectedness.

3. Respect for Authority

- In order to meet the organizational goals, the professionals should possess respect for
authority. The levels of authority maintained by the organization provides a means for identifying
areas of personal responsibility and accountability.

4. Collective Bargaining
- It is the responsibility of an organization to look into the welfare of the section of people
working in it. The process of voluntary negotiations between the employers and a group of
employees to resolve the conflicts is called Collective Bargaining.
 Engineers shall hold paramount the
safety, health, and welfare of the public
 If engineers' judgment is overruled under circumstances that endanger life or property, they shall
notify their employer or client and such other authority as may be appropriate.
 Engineers shall approve only those engineering documents that are in conformity with applicable
standards.
 Engineers shall not reveal facts, data, or information without the prior consent of the client or
employer except as authorized or required by law or this Code.
 Engineers shall not permit the use of their name or associate in business ventures with any person
or firm that they believe is engaged in fraudulent or dishonest enterprise.
 Engineers shall not aid or abet the unlawful practice of engineering by a person or firm.
 Engineers having knowledge of any alleged violation of this Code shall report thereon to
appropriate professional bodies and, when relevant, also to public authorities, and cooperate with
the proper authorities in furnishing such information or assistance as may be required.
Determine engineering practice in society
- Rules of Practice

1. Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.
2. Engineers shall perform services only in the areas of their competence.
3. Engineers shall issue public statements only in an objective and truthful
manner.
4. Engineers shall act for each employer or client as faithful agents or trustees.
5. Engineers shall avoid deceptive acts.
Engineers shall at all times strive to
serve the public interest
 Engineers are encouraged to participate in civic affairs;
career guidance for youths; and work for the advancement of
the safety, health, and well-being of their community.
 Engineers are encouraged to extend public knowledge and
appreciation of engineering and its achievements.
 Engineers are encouraged to adhere to the principles of
sustainable development1 in order to protect the
environment for future generations.
 Engineers shall continue their professional development
throughout their careers and should keep current in their
specialty fields by engaging in professional practice,
participating in continuing education courses, reading in the
technical literature, and attending professional meetings and
seminars.
Classify by law and standards in Engineering
Practice

• Standard engineering practices means that accepted,

peer reviewed sets of criteria are used in designing
equipment (i.e. Uniform Building, Electrical, and Fire
Codes, recommendations of the American Conference
of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, guidelines of
the Department of Labor and Industry, etc.).
Type of standard engineering practices

 Industry standards
 International Standards
 European (EN) Standards
Industry standards
Industry standards and technical regulations are developed by
local professionals or organizations in specific industry sectors such as
telecommunications, concrete, fire protection, information technology, etc.
Example
• Construction and Architecture design Institute
• ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• ANSI - The Society for Standards Professionals
• ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers
• ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials
• IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers
International Standards
• International Standards are developed by governmental or treaty organizations,
nongovernmental organizations, and organizations that are either specialized in
standardization or involved in other activities. In general, an international standard is
voluntary and has no legal status unless a regulatory authority requires conformance
to that standard. Adopted by the country standards might be included in national rules
and regulations.
• International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - The IEC prepares and publishes
international standards for electrical, electronic, and related technologies.
• International Organizations for Standardization (ISO) - The ISO supports a wide range
of standardization work on everything from screw threads to shipbuilding.
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU) - ITU's scope of standardization is
global telecommunications. ITU's standards documents, called Recommendations, can
be downloaded for free on the ITU website.
• ASTM International - Former American Society for Testing and Materials, international
standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical
standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services.
European (EN) Standards
• The European (EN) Standards are applied at the European level and have the
status of a national standard in all member countries of the European Union.
They are developed and ratified at the initiative of the EU by the European
standards organization. As international standards, EN can be adopted by the
country standards and included in national rules and regulations.
• CEN and CENELEC build the framework for all the national standards
organizations in Europe but also divide out the standards:
• CENELEC - Electrical and electronic engineering;
• CEN - Mechanics.
• CEN - European Committee for Standardization
• CENELEC - European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
• ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute
• British standards institution