2017 Mav

The Mathematical Association of Victoria
Trial Examination 2017
MATHEMATICAL METHODS
WRITTEN EXAMINATION 1
STUDENT NAME _______________________________________________
Reading time: 15 minutes

Writing time: 1 hour
QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK
Structure of book
Number of questions Number of questions to be Number of marks
answered
8 8 40
 Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters,
erasers, sharpeners, rulers.
 Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: any technology
(calculators or software), notes of any kind, blank sheets of paper and/or correction
fluid/tape.
Materials supplied
 Question and answer book of 10 pages,
 Formula Sheet
 Working space is provided throughout the book.
Instructions
 Write your name in the space provided above on this page.
 Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.
 All written responses must be in English.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised
electronic devices into the examination room.
© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1 2
THIS PAGE IS BLANK

Question 1 (5 marks)
a. Find
dy
dx
=
when (
y tan x 2 + 2 . ) 2 marks
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log e ( x 2 − 1)
b. Find f ' ( −2 ) when f ( x) = . 3 marks
x2 −1
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 πt 
The depth of water in a wave pool during a particular hour is given by d (t ) = −5 cos  + 5 metres, where
8
t is the time in minutes and 0 ≤ t ≤ 60.
a. Find the value of t for which the depth of water is first at its maximum. 1 mark
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b. Find the fraction of time for the particular hour when the depth of water is more than
2.5 metres. 3 marks
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TURN OVER
Consider the polynomial P ( x)= 5 x 3 − x 2 + x + 7 .
a. Find a linear factor of P ( x) . 1 mark
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b. Find Q ( x) , the quadratic factor of P ( x) . 1 mark
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c. Show that there are no linear factors for Q ( x) . 1 mark
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d. The graph of y = P ( x) has no stationary points. Find the x coordinate of the point where the
gradient of the graph of P is a minimum. 2 marks
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e. Hence sketch the graph of y = P ( x) labelling any axial intercepts with coordinates. 2 marks
TURN OVER

Let f ( x) = x sin( x) .
π 
a. Find the average rate of change of f over the interval  , π  . 2 marks
2 
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b. Find f '( x) . 1 mark
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π
2
c. Hence find ∫ x cos( x)dx .
0
3 marks
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( )
Solve log 2 (2 x − 2) 2 − 4 log 2 (1 − x) =
1 for x.
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The government is concerned about the number of teenagers in Australia who smoke on a regular basis.
They randomly selected 10 000 teenagers and found 2000 of them smoke regularly. Find an approximate
95% confidence interval for the proportion of teenagers in Australia who smoke on a regular basis. Use an
integer multiple of the standard deviation in your calculation.
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TURN OVER
A random variable X has a probability density function given by
x 0 ≤ x ≤1
1

=
g ( x)  2 1 < x ≤ a , where a is a real constant.
x
0 elsewhere
a. Show that a = 2 . 2 marks
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b. Find E ( X ) . 3 marks
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Consider the functions f and g with rules f ( x) = 3 4 − 2 x + 1 and g (=
x) x +4.
a. If the graph of f is mapped to the graph of g using the transformation

  x  a 0   x   c  
T : R2 → R2 ,T     =  0 b    y  +  d   , find a, b, c and d, where a, b, c and d are
  y      
real constants. 3 marks
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b. Find the rule for f −1 and state the domain. 2 marks
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TURN OVER
c. Find the rule for g ( f ( x) ) and state the range. 2 marks
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END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Written Examination 2
STUDENT NAME _______________________________________________
Reading time: 15 minutes

Writing time: 2 hours
QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Structure of examination
Section Number of Number of questions to be Number of

questions answered marks
A 20 20 20
B 4 4 60
Total 80
• Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers,
sharpeners, rulers, a protractor, set-squares, aids for curve sketching, one bound reference, one
approved technology (calculator or software) and, if desired, one scientific calculator. Calculator
memory DOES NOT need to be cleared. For approved computer-based CAS, full functionality may
be used.
• Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or white
out liquid/tape.
Materials supplied
• Question and answer book of 23 pages.
• Formula sheet.
• Answer sheet for multiple-choice questions.
Instructions
• Write your name in the space provided above on this page.
• Write your name on the multiple-choice answer sheet.
Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.
• All written responses must be in English.
At the end of the examination
• Place the answer sheet for multiple-choice questions inside the front cover of this book.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised
electronic devices into the examination room.

SECTION A- Muliple-choice questions
Instructions for Section A
Answer all questions in pencil on the answer sheet provided for multiple – choice questions.
Choose the response that is correct for the question.
A correct answer scores1, an incorrect answer scores 0.
Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers.
No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question.
Question 1
 π
−3cos ( 4 x + π ) + 1 are respectively
The range and period of the graph of f : 0,  → R, f ( x) =
 2
3π
A. [ −3,3] and
2
π
B. [ −3,3] and
2
π
C. [ −2, 4] and
2
D. [ −2, 4] and 4π
E. [ −2, 4] and 2π
Question 2
3 3π
If tan( x) = and π ≤ x ≤ then sin ( x ) equals
5 2
3
A. −
4
3
B. −
34
4
C.
34
3
D.
5
3
E. −
5
SECTION A - continued
Question 3
Let h( x) = x 4 .
Which one of the following is false?
A. h( x)= h(− x)
B. − h( x) =− h(− x)
C. h( =
xy ) h( x) × h( y )
D. h( x + y )= h( x) + h( y )
 x  h( x )
E. h  =
 y  h( y )
Question 4
Which one of the following is the inverse function of h : ( −∞, 4 ) → R, h(=
x) 2 ( 4 − x ) − 1 ?
2
2(1 + x)
A. h −1 : ( −∞, 4 ) → R, h −1 ( x)= 4 ±
2
2(1 + x)
B. h −1 : ( −∞, 4 ) → R, h −1 ( x)= 4 −
2
2(1 + x)
C. h −1 : ( −1, ∞ ) → R, h −1 ( x) = 4 +
2
2x + 2
D. h −1 : [ −1, ∞ ) → R, h −1 ( x) = 4 −
2
2x + 2
E. h −1 : ( −1, ∞ ) → R, h −1 ( x) = 4 −
2
Question 5
g ( x) log e ( x + 2 ) over their maximal domains.
Consider the functions f with rule f ( x) = 3e 2 x and g with rule=
The function h = f ( g ( x) ) can be defined as
A. h : ( 0, ∞ ) → R, h( x) =x 2
3( x + 2)
h : R → R, h( x ) =
2
B.
h : ( −2, ∞ ) → R, h( x=
) 3( x + 2)
2
C.
D. h : R → R, h( x) = log e ( 2 + 3e 2 x )
E. ( x) log e ( 2 + 3e 2 x )
h : ( 0, ∞ ) → R, h=
TURN OVER
Question 6
Consider the following equations.
mx + y = 2
2x − 3y = k
The values of the real numbers m and k that will give no real solutions are
2
A. m= − ,k = −6
3
2
B. m= − , k ∈ R \ {−6}
3
 2
C. m ∈ R \ −  , k ∈ R
 3
 2
D. m ∈ R \ −  , k ∈ R \ {−6}
 3
 2
E. m ∈ R \ −  , k = −6
 3

Question 7
The temperature, T ° C of a sick child in a hospital in Melbourne is illustrated in the graph below, where t is the
number of hours after the 8 a.m. and y = T .
The graph is most likely to have the equation
A. y = 38.5sin (12t )
 πt 
=
B. y 2.5sin   + 42
 12 
C. y 2.5sin (π t ) + 39.5
=
 πt 
y=
D.−2.5sin   + 39.5
 12 
 πt 
=
E. y 2.5sin   + 39.5
 12 
Question 8
1
Let f ( x=
) =
2 x − 1 + 3 and g ( x) + 4 . The maximal domain of f + g is
( x − 2) 2
A. R
B. [1, 2 ) ∪ (2, ∞)
C. ( 2,∞ )
1 
D.  2 , 2  ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
 
E. R \ {2}
TURN OVER
Question 9
If f ' ( x )= e x +1 + x + 1 and f ( 0 ) = 2 then f ( x) equals
A. 2 + e x +1 − e
B. 1 + e x +1
x2
C. + x + e x +1
2
D.
x2
2
(
+ x + 2 − e ex −1 )
E.
x2
2
(
+ x + 2 + e ex −1 )
Question 10
3 1
If ∫
1
g ( x)dx = 2 then 2 ∫ ( g ( x) + 1)dx equals
3
A. 6
B. 5
C. −8
D. −6
E. −4
Question 11
− sin(π − 2 x) + 3 between x = 0 and x = π is
The average value of the function f with rule f ( x) =
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 3π
E. 0
Question 12
The maximum horizontal distance between the curves with equations f ( x) = e x and=
g ( x) log e ( x) + 7 , within
the bounded region, is closest to
A. 0.57
B. 4.67
C. 5.33
D. 1.49
E. 4.66
Question 13
The equation of a straight line which is both perpendicular to the line passing through the two axial
intercepts of the graph with equation =f ( x) log e ( 3 − x ) and is also a tangent to the curve with equation
g ( x) = x 2 is
log e (3)
A. y= − x
2
2
B. y = x
log e (3)
2 1
=
C. y x−
log e (3) ( log e (3) )2
2 1
D. y=
− x−
log e (3) ( log e (3) )2
( log e (3) )
2
log e (3)
=
E. y x−
2 16
Question 14
A particle, starting from rest, moves along a straight line. Its acceleration, a ms −2 , at time t seconds is given by
=
a 2t 2 − 1 . The distance, in metres, travelled by the particle in the first four seconds is
A. 4
B. 16
104
C.
3
425
D.
12
E. 31
TURN OVER

Question 15
=
An approximation is being used to find the area under the graph of y log e ( 2 x + 1) between the x-axis, the x-
intercept and the line x = 1. Which one of the following methods will give the best estimate?
A. right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.5

B. left-endpoint rectangles of width 0.5
C. right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25
D. right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25 minus left-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25
E.
( left-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25 + right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25)
2
Question 16
Consider the probability distribution which is shown in the table below, where a and b are real constants.
x 0 1 a 3
Pr ( X = x ) 0.1 b 0.2 0.3
If the Var(X) = 4 then a could equal
− 1205 + 13
A. only
8
3 5 +1
B. only
2
− 1205 + 13 1205 + 13
C. or
8 8
1205 + 13
D. only
8
3 5 +1 −3 5 + 1
E. or
2 2
Question 17
There are three white chocolates and seven dark chocolates in box A and six white chocolates and four dark
chocolates in Box B. Sara chose a box at random and withdrew a chocolate at random. It was found to be white.
The probability it was from Box A is
1
A.
3
3
B.
10
9
C.
20
3
D.
5
3
E.
20
Question 18
A binomial random variable X has mean 20 and standard deviation 4. The values of the parameters n and p are
respectively
1
A. 100 and
5
4
B. 100 and
5
4
C. 25 and
5
1
D. 25 and
5
1
E. 200 and
10
Question 19
The probability of winning a game of chance is 0.65. The least number of games, n, that must be played to
ensure that the probability of winning at least twice is more than 0.95 can be found by evaluating
A. 0.35n + 0.65n(0.35) n −1 > 0.05

B. 0.35n > 0.05
C. 0.65n + 0.35n(0.65) n −1 < 0.05
D. 0.35n < 0.05
E. 0.35n + 0.65n(0.35) n −1 < 0.05
TURN OVER
Question 20
The weights of a particular species of fish are normally distributed with a standard deviation of 40 g. If 20%
weigh more than 300 g then the mean, in g, of the distribution is closest to
A. 150
B. 266
C. 267
D. 333
E. 334
END OF SECTION A

SECTION B
Instructions for Section B
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

In all questions where a numerical answer is required an exact value must be given unless otherwise
specified.
In questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be shown.

 7π  x π
Let f :  −π ,  → R, f ( x) =
−a sin  +  − π , where a is a real constant.
 2  3 3
a. Find the period of f. 1 mark
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 3π π 
The range of f is  − , −  .
 2 2
π
b. Show that the value of a is . 1 mark
2
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SECTION B - Question 1 - continued

TURN OVER

c. Sketch the graph of f, labelling the axial intercepts and endpoints with their coordinates. 2 marks
For the inverse function f1−1 to exist, the domain of f is restricted to [ −π ,b ] to form a new function
f1 , where b is a real constant.
d. Find the maximum possible value of b. 1 mark
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e. For this value of b, state the domain of f1−1 . 1 mark
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Two tangents are drawn to the graph of f .
f. Find the equation of each tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 and x = π . 2 marks
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g. Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the tangents found in part f. 1 mark
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h. Write down an integration statement that when evaluated will give the area enclosed between f
and the tangents found in part f. 2 marks
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i. Hence find the area enclosed between f and the tangents found in part f, correct to 2 decimal
places. 1 mark
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j. The rule of f 2 ( x) = sin ( x ) can be obtained from the rule of f . State the sequence of
transformations required to get from f to f 2 . 3 marks
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SECTION B - continued
TURN OVER

A group of architects, the Pyramid Group, are planning a cast iron installation in Federation Square in
Melbourne. The first design is a simple right square based pyramid with vertical height, h metres, and length of
the sides of the base, x metres.
The Pyramid Group know that the total cast iron required for the four sloping sides as well as the square base is
60 m2.
x2
.
a. Show that the slant height, y m, of the pyramid can be expressed as=y h2 +1 mark
4
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b. Find an expression for the Total Surface Area (TSA) of the pyramid in terms of both x and h. 2 marks
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c. Hence show that the volume, V m3 , of the square based pyramid can be expressed in terms of x
only as
1
= V x 900 − 30 x 2 . 2 marks
3
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d. State the implied domain for V. 1 mark
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e. Find the maximum volume, in m3, that the Pyramid Group can have for this square based
pyramid. State the value of x, in m, that gives this maximum volume. 2 marks
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TURN OVER
The second design is a tetrahedron triangular pyramid, with each of the 4 faces an equilateral triangle of side
length, d metres. The Pyramid Group like this design because a tetrahedron is the only ordinary convex
polyhedron that has fewer than 5 faces.
f. i. Find an expression for the TSA of the 4 faces of the tetrahedron in terms of d. Write your
answer in the form ad b where a and b are real constants. 2 marks
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d3
The volume, VT m3, of this regular tetrahedron can be found using the formula VT = .
6 2
ii. If the TSA of the 4 faces of the tetrahedron equals 60 m2, find the volume of the tetrahedron,
in m3 correct to 3 decimal places. 2 marks
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The third design that the Pyramid Group chooses is a right circular cone with radius r metres and height l
metres.
l s
The formula for finding the TSA of a right circular cone is TSA = π r ( r + s ) where r is the radius of the
circular base and s is the slant height of the cone. Both are measured in metres.
The Pyramid Group again wants to use a TSA of 60 m2.
g. If the TSA of the right circular cone equals 60 m2, find its maximum volume, correct to two
decimal places. 2 marks
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h. The Pyramid Group wants the design to have the maximum possible volume. Which of the
three installations will they select? 1 mark
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TURN OVER

A manufacturer, Glowglen, claims that 92% of their light globes last longer than 100 hours. Customers start to
complain, claiming that this is not true. Inspectors decide to take a random sample of 500 light globes and find
that 426 of them last longer than 100 hours.
a. Find a 99% confidence interval for the proportion of light globes lasting more than 100 hours.
Give your answers correct to three decimal places. 1 mark
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_____________________________________________________________________________
b. If the inspectors took another 200 random samples of 500 light globes, how many of the
99% confidence intervals would be expected to contain the population proportion? 1 mark
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_____________________________________________________________________________
c. According to the survey results, do the customers have a right to complain? Briefly explain your
answer. 1 mark
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d. What is the largest sample size Glowglen could have agreed to so that their claim is within a
99% confidence interval, assuming the sample proportion pˆ is 0.852 ? Round your answer to
the nearest integer. 2 marks
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It was found that 85.2% of the Glowglen light globes last longer than 100 hours. Five light globes
were selected at random.
e. What is the probability that more than three of them last longer than 100 hours? Give your
answer correct to three decimal places. 2 marks
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_____________________________________________________________________________
f. Given only three of them last longer than 100 hours, what is the probability it was the first
three. 2 marks
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The length of time a Glowglen light globe lasts is also normally distributed. The inspectors also found that 2%
of the light globes last longer than 150 hours.
g. Find the mean and standard deviation of the distribution. Give your answers correct to two
decimal places. 3 marks
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_____________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________

TURN OVER
Jessica and David both bought Glowglen light globes so that they could do their homework. The probability
that Jessica does her homework on Monday night is 0.2, and the probability that David does his on a Monday
night is q 2 , where q is a positive real constant. These events are independent.
h. Find the probability that neither of them will do their homework on Monday night in terms of q. 2 marks
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i. If the probability that David does not do his homework is 0.4, find the value of q. Write your
a
answer in the form where a and b are real constants. 1 mark
b
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_____________________________________________________________________________

Due to a disease, the rate at which a rabbit population is changing in a particular area is given by
−3(1 − t ) 2 e(1−t ) , where t is the time in months, t > 0, and g ′ the number of rabbits in hundreds per
g ′(t ) =
3
month.
a. Sketch the graph of y = g ′(t ) on the set of axes below. Label any asymptotes with their equations and
the stationary points and endpoint(s) with their coordinates correct to the nearest hundred rabbits.
3 marks
b. By how many rabbits did the population decline in the first two months? Give your answer to
the nearest integer. 2 marks
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TURN OVER
Assume g (1) = 2 .
c. Find a rule for g. 2 marks
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_____________________________________________________________________________
d. How many rabbits were there initially? Give your answer to the nearest integer. 1 mark
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
e. If conditions do not change, how many rabbits will there be in the future? Give your answer to
the nearest integer. 1 mark
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_____________________________________________________________________________
f. Sketch the graph of y = g (t ) on the set of axes below. Label any asymptotes with their equations and
the stationary points and endpoints with their coordinates correct to the nearest hundred rabbits.
2 marks

Rabbits run across paddocks at fast speeds to escape from predators. The velocity, v m/s, of a particular rabbit,
3
which was travelling in a straight line, was recorded and is modelled by the rule v(t ) =
− t (t − 1)(t − b)(t − 4) ,
2
where t is the time in seconds and b is a real constant, 1 < b < 4 .
g. Find the value of b if the rabbit first stopped after running 2.2 m. 2 marks
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
h. Find the maximum speed of the rabbit in m/s correct to one decimal place, and the total distance
the rabbit ran, in m, during the first four seconds. 2 marks
_____________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
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END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Trial Written Examination 1 - SOLUTIONS
Question 1
a. y tan ( x + 2 )
= 2
= sec 2 ( x 2 + 2 ) × 2 x
dy
1M
dx
= 2 x sec 2 ( x 2 + 2 ) 1A
OR
2x
1A
cos ( x 2 + 2)
2
log e ( x 2 − 1)
b. f ( x) =
x2 −1
( x 2 − 1) × x 22 −x 1 − loge ( x 2 − 1) × 2 x
f '( x) = 1M
( x 2 − 1)
2
2 x − 2 x log e ( x 2 − 1)
= 1M
(x − 1)
2 2
−4 − ( −4 ) log e ( 3)
∴ f '(−2) =
( 3)
2
1A
−4 + 4 log e ( 3)
=
9
Question 2
 πt 
d (t ) = −5 cos  + 5
8
5π  πt 
a. d '(t ) = sin  
8  8 
 πt 
d '(t ) =0 ⇒ sin   = 0
 8 
πt
= 0, π ,...
8
t = 0,8,...
Understanding that the graph starts at (0, 0).
First at its maximum at t = 8 . 1A
2017 MAV Mathematical Methods Trial Exam 1, Solutions 2
OR
 πt 
Consider the graph of d (t ) = −5 cos  + 5 , with amp = 5 and period = 16.
8
First at its maximum at t = 8 1A
b. Solve d (t ) > 2.5

 πt 
−5cos   + 5 =2.5
 8 
 πt  1
cos   =
 8  2
For one cycle solutions are
πt π π
= , 2π −
8 3 3
π t π 5π
= , 1M
8 3 3
8 40
∴t = ,
3 3
Consideration of the graph, and discussion of cycles
32
40 8 32 2
We have 3 complete cycles with − = giving a time fraction each of 3 = .
3 3 3 16 3
28
180 152 28 7
We have an additional 12 minutes with − =giving a time fraction of 3 = . 1M
3 3 3 12 9
Time for 0 ≤ t ≤ 60 minutes when the depth of water is more than 2.5 metres equals
2 7 124
× 48 + ×12 = minutes.
3 9 3
124
124 31
Giving the fraction of time= =3
= 1A
60 180 45

Question 3
P ( x)= 5 x 3 − x 2 + x + 7 .
a. Using the factor theorem.
P(1) = 5 − 1 + 1 + 7 ≠ 0
.
P(−1) =−5 − 1 − 1 + 7 =0
∴ ( x + 1) is a factor 1A
b. Using a form of division
5 −1 1 7
−1 − 5 6 −7
5 −6 7 0
Q( x) = 5 x 2 − 6 x + 7 1A
c. Q( x) = 5 x 2 − 6 x + 7
∆ = ( −6 ) − 4 × 5 × 7 = 36 − 140 = −104
2
∆ < 0 giving no linear factors for Q( x) . 1A
dy
d. y = P ( x) has no stationary points, giving ≠ 0 over the domain R
dx
dy
= 15 x 2 − 2 x + 1 1A
dx
Minimum is at the turning point
−b 1
=
x = 1A
2a 15
OR
d2y
= 30 x − 2= 0
dx 2
1
x= 1A
15
e. Shape 1A
Intercepts 1A

Question 4
f ( x) = x sin( x) .
π 
f (π ) − f  
π  2
a. Average rate of change for  , π  equals
2  π
π−
2
π π 
π sin (π ) − sin  
=
2 2
π
π−
2 1M
π
0−
= 2
π
2
Average rate of change = −1 1A
b. f '(=
x) sin( x) ×1 + x cos(=
x) sin( x) + x cos( x) 1A
c. If f=
'( x) sin( x) + x cos( x) then ∫ ( sin( x) + x cos( x) ) dx =
x sin( x) + c 1M
Rearrange to get
∫ ( sin( x) ) dx + ∫ ( x cos( x) ) dx = x sin( x) + c
∫ ( x cos( x) ) dx = x sin( x) − ∫ ( sin( x) ) dx + c
π
2
∫ x cos( x)dx
0
We need

π π
2 2
x) ) dx [ x sin( x) ] − ∫ ( sin( x) ) dx
π
∫ ( x cos(
0
= 2
0
0
1M
π π 
sin   − 0 − [ − cos( x) ]02
π
=
2 2
π π 
= + cos   − cos ( 0 )
2 2
π
2
π
Giving ∫ x cos( x)dx=
0
2
−1 1A
Question 5
( )
log 2 (2 x − 2) 2 − 4 log 2 (1 − x) =
1
 (2 x − 2) 2 
log 2  4 
=1 1A
 (1 − x) 
(2 x − 2) 2
=2
(1 − x) 4
4( x − 1) 2
=2
( x − 1) 4
4
=2
( x − 1) 2
2 x2 − 4 x − 2 =0 1A
2± 8
x=
2
x= 1 ± 2
As x < 1
x= 1 − 2 1A
Question 6
 pˆ (1 − pˆ ) pˆ (1 − pˆ ) 
 pˆ − 2 , pˆ + 2 
 n n 
 
 1 4 1 4 
1 × × 
1
=  −2 5 5 , +2 5 5  1M
5 10 000 5 10 000 
 
 
1 4 1 4 
=  − 2 , +2 
5 250 000 5 250 000 
1 1 1 1 
=−  5 125 , 5 + 125  1A
 
 24 26 
= ,  1A
 125 125 

Question 7
1
a. ∫ ( x ) dx
0
1
 x2 
= 
 2 0
1
=
2
 1 
a
1
∫1  x 2  dx = 2 1A
a
 1 1
− x  =
 1 2
1 1
− +1 =
a 2
1 1
− =−
a 2
a = 2 as required 1M
1
1 2
E(X )
b. = ∫ ( x ) dx + ∫  x  dx
2
1M
0 1
1
 x3 
=   + log e ( x ) 1
2
1M
 3 0
1
= + log e ( 2 ) − log e (1)
3
1
= + log e ( 2 ) 1A
3
Question 8
a. f ( x) = 3 4 − 2 x + 1
f ( x) = 3 −2 ( x − 2 ) + 1
Translate 2 units left and 11 units up.
1
As the graph has to be dilated by a factor of from the x-axis,
3
1+ d
the vertical translation can be worked by solving = 4,= d 11 .
3
f1 ( x) = 3 −2 x + 12
c=
−2, d =
11 1A
1
Dilate by a factor of from the x-axis.
3
f 2 ( x) = −2 x + 4
Dilate by a factor of 2 from the y-axis.
f3 ( x) = −x + 4
Reflect in the y-axis.

g (=
x) x +4
1
a= −2, b = 2A
3
OR
x′ = a( x + c) = −2( x − 2)
a= −2, c = −2 1A
y −1 1
y ′= b( y + d )= + 4= ( y + 11) 1M
3 3
1
=b = , d 11 1A
3
OR
x′
x′ = a ( x + c), x = − c
a
y′
y′ = b( y + d ), y = − d 1M
b
y′  x′ 
− d= 3 4 − 2  − c  + 1
b a 
2 x′
y ′= 3b − + 4 + 2c + (1 + d )b
a
1
3=
b 1,= b
3
(1 + d )b = 4, d = 11
2
− = 1, a = −2
a
4 + 2c = 0, c = −2 1A 2 correct
2A all correct
b. y = 3 4 − 2 x + 1
Inverse swap x and y
x = 3 4 − 2 y +1
x −1
= 4 − 2y
3
( x − 1)
2
−1
f ( x)= 2− 1A
18
Domain [1,∞ ) 1A
( x − 1) 2
f −1 : [1, ∞ ) → R, f −1 ( x) =− +2
18

c. g ( f ( x=
)) 3 4 − 2x + 1 + 4 1A
Range [5,∞ ) 1A


Trial Written Examination 2 - SOLUTIONS
SECTION A: Multiple Choice
Question Answer Question Answer

1 C 11 B
2 B 12 D
3 D 13 C
4 E 14 D
5 C 15 E
6 B 16 C
7 E 17 A
8 D 18 A
9 E 19 E
10 C 20 B
Question 1 Answer C
 π
f : 0,  → R, f ( x) =−3cos ( 4 x + π ) + 1
 2
Amplitude = 3 translated vertically by 1 unit giving range = [ −2, 4]
2π π
period = =
4 2
Question 2 Answer B
3 3π
tan( x) = and π ≤ x ≤
5 2
3 34
x
5
3
In 3rd quadrant sin ( x ) = −
34

Question 3 Answer D
h( x ) = x 4
h( x + y )= h( x) + h( y ) is false
LHS = ( x + y )
4
=x 4 + 4 x3 y + 6 x 2 y 2 + 4 xy 3 + y 4
RHS = x 4 + y 4
LHS ≠ RHS
Question 4 Answer E
h : ( −∞, 4 ) → R, h(=
x) 2 ( 4 − x ) − 1
2
y = 2(4 − x) −1
2
Swap x and y for inverse

x = 2(4 − y) −1
2
x +1
4− y =±
2
x +1
y= 4 ±
2
Domain of h −1 = range h = ( −1, ∞ )

2x + 2
h −1 : ( −1, ∞ ) → R, h −1 ( x) = 4 −
2

Question 5 Answer C
g ( x) log e ( x + 2 )
f ( x) = 3e 2 x and=
For f ( g ( x) ) , test that the range g ⊆ domain f
Giving R ⊆ R
So f ( g ( x) ) exists with
dom f ( g ( x) ) = dom g ( x) =( −2, ∞ )
h = f ( g ( x) ) can be defined as
h : ( −2, ∞ ) → R, h( x=
) 3( x + 2)
2
Question 6 Answer B
mx + y = 2
2x − 3y = k
Using ratios
For infinite solutions or no solution
m 1 2
=
− ,m =
−
2 3 3
For no solution
k
−3 ≠ , k ≠ −6
2
2
− , k ∈ R \ {−6}
m=
3
Question 7 Answer E
Range = 42 – 37 = 5
Amplitude = 2.5
Vertical translation = 39.5
2π π
=
Period = 24 , giving n =
n 12

 πt 
=y 2.5sin   + 39.5
 12 
Question 8 Answer D
1
f ( x=
) =
2 x − 1 + 3 and g ( x) +4
( x − 2) 2
1 
Domain of f is  , ∞ 
2 
Domain of g is R \ {2}
The intersection of both is
1 
 2 , 2  ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
 
which is the domain of f + g
Question 9 Answer E
f ' ( x )= e x +1 + x + 1
x2
f ( x)= e x +1 + + x+c
2
02
f ( 0 ) = 2 giving 2 = e0+1 + + 0 + c∴c = 2 − e
2
then
x2
f ( x)= e x +1 + + x+2−e
2
=
x2
2
+ x + 2 + e ex −1( )
Question 10 Answer C
3
Given ∫ g ( x)dx = 2
1
1 1 1
2 ∫ ( g ( x) + 1=
3
)dx ∫ ∫
2 g ( x)dx + 2 1dx
3 3
3 3
= ∫
−2 g ( x)dx − 2 1dx
1
∫
1
=−2 × 2 − 2 [ x ]1
3
=−4 − 4
= −8

Question 11 Answer B
b π
1 1
=
Average value =
b−a a ∫
f ( x)dx
π −0 0 ∫
f ( x)dx
− sin(π − 2 x) + 3
where f ( x) =
Average value = 3
Question 12 Answer D
f ( x) = e x and=
g ( x) log e ( x) + 7
f −1 ( x) = log e ( x) and g −1 ( x) = e x − 7
k ( x) f −1 ( x) − g −1 ( x)
Let=
Maximum value is approximately 1.49.

f ( x) log e ( 3 − x )
=
Intercepts
( 0,log e (3) ) ,(2,0)

log e (3)
Gradient = −
2
2
Gradient of the perpendicular line =
log e (3)
g ( x) = x 2
2 1
g ′( x=
) 2=
x ,=
x
log e (3) log e (3)
 1 1 
 , 
 log e (3) ( log (3) )2 
 e 
1 2  1 
y− = x− 
( log e (3) )
2
log e (3)  log e (3) 
2 1
=y x−
( log e (3) )
2
log e (3)

Question 14 Answer D
=
a 2t 2 − 1
= ∫ ( 2t )
− 1 dt
2
v
2 3
= t −t +c
3
c=0
Solve v(t ) = 0 for t
6
t= , t >0
2
6
2 4
425
Distance = − ∫ v(t )dt + ∫ v(t )dt =
0 6
12
2

Question 15 Answer E
 left-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25 + right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.25 

 
2
The smaller the width of the rectangle the better the estimate. In this case the right-endpoint rectangles
estimate will give an over estimate and the left-endpoint rectangles will give an underestimate. The
average of the two should give the best estimate.
0.25( f (0) + 2 f (0.25) + 2 f (0.5) + 2 f (0.75) + f (1)

2
≈ 0.6411
0.1 + b + 0.2 + 0.3= 1, b= 0.4
( )
( X ) E X 2 − ( E ( X ) ) 4 = 0.4 + 0.2a 2 + 2.7 − (0.4 + 0.2a + 0.9)2
2
=
Var
13 ± 1205
a=
8
Question 17 Answer A
Let W represent a white chocolate and
A represent Box A.

Pr(W ∩ A)
Pr( A | W ) =
Pr(W )
1 3
×
2 10 1
= =
1 3 1 6 3
× + ×
2 10 2 10
0.3 W
A
0.5 0.7 D
0.6 W
0.5 B
0.4 D
Question 18 Answer A
X  Bi ( n, p )
E ( X=
) np
= 20
(X )
SD= =
npq 4
4 1
=
20 =
q 16, q = ,p
5 5
1
= =
n 20, n 100
5
Question 19 Answer E
Let W represent winning.
Pr(W ) = 0.65
W  Bi ( n,0.65 )
Pr (W ≥ 2 ) > 0.95
1 − ( Pr(W =+ 1) ) > 0.95

0) Pr(W =
Pr(W =
0) + Pr(W =
1) < 0.05
0.35n + 0.65n(0.35) n −1 < 0.05

Question 20 Answer B
(
X  N µ , 402 )
Pr ( X > 300 ) =
0.2
300 − µ
Solve = 0.8416... for µ
40
µ = 266 to the nearest integer
SECTION B
Question 1
 7π  x π
f :  −π ,  → R, f ( x) =
− a sin  +  − π
 2  3 3
2π
a. period = 1
= 6π 1A
3
 3π π 
b. range of f is  − , − 
 2 2
3π π
− +
So 2 2 = −π
2 2
π
As there is already a negative sign in front of a, a = 1M show that
2
c. shape 1A
 3π   7π π 
intercepts  0, −π −  , endpoints and  ,−  1A
 4   2 2


d. domain of f is restricted to [ −π ,b ]
 π 3π 
First stationary point after x = −π is  , − 
2 2 
π
Maximum possible b = 1A
2
π  3π 
e. For b = , the domain of f1−1 is  − , −π  . 1A
2  2 
πx 3π
f. The equation of tangent to f at x = 0 is y =
− − −π . 1A
12 4
πx 3π π2
The equation of tangent to f at x = π is y = − −π − . 1A
12 4 12
π 3π π2 
g. point of intersection of the tangents =  , −
2 − π −  1A
 4 24 

h. Sketch the graph to view the required area.
Area =
π
π
2
 π x π   πx 3π   π x π  πx 3π π2 
∫
0


−
2
sin 
 3
+
3


− π

−
 

−
12
−
4
− π 

dx +
π


−
2 ∫
sin 
 3
+
3


− π

−
 
 12
−
4
− π −
12  dx

2
OR
π x π
− sin  +  − π
Alternatively define the functions as f ( x) =
2 3 3
πx 3π πx 3π π2
And g ( x) =
− − − π and h( x) = − −π − .
12 4 12 4 12
π
2 π
Gives Area = ∫ ( f ( x) − g ( x) )dx + ∫ ( f ( x) − h( x) )dx
0 π
2
OR
π
2
By symmetry Area = 2 ∫ ( f ( x) − g ( x) )dx

0
correct terminals 1A
correct functions 1A

i. Area enclosed between f and the tangents, correct to 2 decimal = 0.21 square units 1A
j. Transformations to get from f to f1 where

π x π π 1 
f ( x) =− sin  +  − π = − sin  ( x + π )  − π
2 3 3 2 3 
There are many solutions. Three possibilities have been given.
π x
Translate π units up and π units to the right: y1 = − sin   1A
2 3
2 x
Dilate by a factor of from the x-axis: y2 = − sin  
π 3
x
Reflect in the x-axis: y2 = sin   1A
3
1
Dilate by a factor of from the y-axis: f 2 ( x) = sin ( x ) 1A
3
OR
2 2 π x π  x π
Dilate by a factor of from x-axis: y1 = − sin  +  − π  =
− sin  +  − 2 1A
π π  2 3 3  3 3
1  3x π   π
Dilate by a factor of from y-axis: y2 =
− sin  +  − 2 =
− sin  x +  − 2
3  3 3  3
 π
Reflect in the x-axis: y3= sin  x + +2 1A
 3
π  π π
units right and 2 units down: f 2=
( x) sin   x − + − 2 sin ( x ) 1A
+ 2=
3  3 
Translate
3 
OR

π x π
Translate up by π units: y1 = − sin  + 
2 3 3
π x π
=
Reflect over x-axis: y2 sin  +  1A
2 3 3
2 x π 1 
Dilate by a factor of from the x-axis: y3= sin  + =  sin  ( x + π )  1A
π 3 3 3 
Translate to the right by π units: y4 = sin  
x
 
3
1
Dilate by a factor from the y-axis: f 2 ( x) = sin ( x ) 1A
3
Question 2
Square based pyramid with vertical height, h metres, and length of the sides of the base, x metres.
TSA = 60 m2.
a. Sketch the right-angled triangle required.
2
x
This gives the Pythagoras formula=
y 2   + h2
2
Rearrange to get
2
x
y=
2
+ h2
4
2
x
y=
± + h2
4
x2
For y > 0,=y h2 + as required. 1M show that
4
b. TSA = square base + 4 slanting faces.

1
TSA = x 2 + 4 × xy 1A
2
x2
Using=y h2 +
4
x2
TSA = x 2 + 2 x h 2 + 1A
4
c. To find the relationship between x and h we know that TSA = 60 m2.

x2
Letting x 2 + 2 x h 2 + = 60 and solve for h
4

900 − 30x 2
For h > 0, h = 1A
x
1
Volume = × area of base × height.
3
1 2 900 − 30 x 2
Volume = x ×
3 x
1
=
Giving V x 900 − 30 x 2 as required 1M show that
3
d. We need 900 − 30 x 2 > 0 giving implied domain x ∈ 0, 30 ( ) 1A
dV
e. Solve =0
dx
Considering the graph of V, for the given domain we have a local maximum.
The maximum volume, V = 5 30 m3, 1A
at x = 15 m. 1A
f.i. TSA = 4 × area of equilateral triangle.
1 2
TSA = 4 × d sin(600 ) 1M
2
3
= 2d 2 × =3d 2 in the required form. 1A
2
ii. TSA = 60 m2, so 3d 2 = 60

60
giving, for d > =
0, d = 20 3 1M
3
d3
Vol = VT =
6 2
3
 60 
 
giving VT =   = 24.028 m3 correct to 3 decimal places.
3
1A
6 2
π r (r + s)
g. TSA = = 60 m2
60 − π r 2
Giving s =
πr
1
Volume of cone = π r 2l where l is height of cone.
3
To find l, for l > 0, use
l2 + r2 =
s2
=l s2 − r 2
1 2 2 2 60 − π r 2
Volume of cone = π r s − r where s =
3 πr
2 2 900 30
=
Therefore V (r ) πr − 1M
3 π 2r 2 π
For maximum volume, V '(r ) = 0
Considering the graph of V, for the given domain we have a local maximum.
Maximum volume, correct to two decimal places = 30.90 m3 1A

h. cone 1A
Question 3
a. ( 0.811,0.893) 1A
b. 0.99 × 200 =
198 1A

c. Yes, 0.92 is outside the 99% confidence interval.

A suitable comment. 1A
0.852 × 0.148
d. Margin of error =0.92 − 0.852 =2.57... 1M
n
n = 181 to the nearest integer 1A
e. X  Bi ( 5,0.852 ) 1M
Pr ( X > 3=
) Pr ( X ≥ 4 )
= 0.839 correct to 3 decimal places 1A
Pr ( first 3 ∩ only 3)
f. Pr ( first 3 | only 3) = 1M
Pr ( X = 3)
( 0.852 ) × ( 0.148)
3 2
= 0.1 1A
Pr ( X = 3)
OR
5
There are   = 10 ways for 3 globes only to last longer than 100 hours
 2
and each way has the same probability . 1M

Only in one of these ways will it be the first three. Answer 0.1 1A

(
g. Y  N µ ,σ 2 )
150 − µ
= 2.0537...
σ
100 − µ
= −1.045... 1M
σ
µ = 116.86 1A
σ = 16.14 1A
h. Let J represent Jessica doing her homework and

D represent David doing his homework.
) Pr ( J ) × Pr ( D=) 0.2q 2 for independent events

Pr ( J ∩ D= 1A
Pr ( J ′ ∩ D′ ) =
1 − Pr ( J ) − Pr ( D ) + Pr ( J ∩ D )
Pr ( J ′ ∩ D′ ) =−
1 0.2 − q 2 + 0.2q 2 =0.8 − 0.8q 2 1A
OR
) Pr ( J ′) × Pr ( D′)
For independent events Pr ( J ′ ∩ D′= 1A
(
Pr ( J ′ ∩ D′ ) = 0.8 1 − q 2 ) 1A
i. Solve q 2 = 0.6 for q, q > 0

15
q= 1A
5
Question 4
a. Shape 1A
Asymptote 1A
Points 1A
2
b. ∫ ( g ′(t ) ) dt =
0
−2.35... 1M

Declined by 235 rabbits 1A
=
c. g (t ) ∫ ( g ′(t ) ) dt + c
= e(1−t ) + c
3
1A
g (1) = 2
e(1−1) + c= 2, c= 1
3
g (t ) e(1−t ) + 1
=
3
1A
d. g (0) = 3.718...
372 rabbits 1A
e. Asymptote y = 1
100 rabbits 1A
f. Shape 1A
Points and asymptote 1A

1
g. Solve ∫ ( v(t ) ) = 2.2 for b
0
1M
b=3 1A
h. 6 ms −1 1A
3 4
distance = 2.2 − ∫ ( v(t ) )dt + ∫ ( v(t ) ) dt
1 3
= 12 m 1A

END OF SOLUTIONS

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The Mathematical Association of Victoria

Trial Examination 2017

STUDENT NAME _______________________________________________

Reading time: 15 minutes

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

THIS PAGE IS BLANK

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

a. Find a linear factor of P ( x) . 1 mark

b. Find Q ( x) , the quadratic factor of P ( x) . 1 mark

c. Show that there are no linear factors for Q ( x) . 1 mark

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

b. Find f '( x) . 1 mark

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

a. Show that a = 2 . 2 marks

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

a. If the graph of f is mapped to the graph of g using the transformation

b. Find the rule for f −1 and state the domain. 2 marks

c. Find the rule for g ( f ( x) ) and state the range. 2 marks

END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

Trial Examination 2017

STUDENT NAME _______________________________________________

Reading time: 15 minutes

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Section Number of Number of questions to be Number of

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

SECTION A- Muliple-choice questions

Instructions for Section A

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

The graph is most likely to have the equation

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

A. right-endpoint rectangles of width 0.5

If the Var(X) = 4 then a could equal

A. 0.35n + 0.65n(0.35) n −1 > 0.05

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

Instructions for Section B

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Question 1 (15 marks)

a. Find the period of f. 1 mark

SECTION B - Question 1 - continued

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

d. Find the maximum possible value of b. 1 mark

e. For this value of b, state the domain of f1−1 . 1 mark

Two tangents are drawn to the graph of f .

f. Find the equation of each tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 and x = π . 2 marks

SECTION B - Question 1 - continued

Question 2 (15 marks)

the sides of the base, x metres.

SECTION B - Question 2 - continued

d. State the implied domain for V. 1 mark

SECTION B - Question 2 - continued

SECTION B - Question 2 - continued

The Pyramid Group again wants to use a TSA of 60 m2.

Question 3 (15 marks)

SECTION B - Question 3 - continued

© The Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2017

SECTION B - Question 3 - continued