Republic of the Philippines

Region VII, Central Visayas

DIVISION OF CEBU PROVINCE
MAYA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Maya, Daanbantayan ,Cebu, 6013

LESSON PLAN IN 21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD

Lesson Plan Number: 5 Code: EN12Lit-Id-25

Date: August 27-30, 2024 Remarks: _______________________

Learning Competency/ies:
 Write a close analysis and critical interpretation of literary texts and doing an adaptation of these require
from the learner the ability to identify: (EN12Lit-Ia)
the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial to the
contemporaryrepresentative texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus
on key personalities from the students’ region/province/town)
 Compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the earlier
genres/periods citing their elements, structures and traditions (EN12Lit-Id-25)
I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1. identify the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history in the post-colonial up
to contemporary period;
2. differentiate/compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the earlier
genres/periods citing their elements, structures and traditions;
3. determine representative texts and authors from different regions through oral history research; and
4. situate selected texts in the current context to enrich understanding.
II. SUBJECT MATTER:
Topic:: Historical Overview of Philippine Literature: Post- Colonial Period
Reference/s: Modules
III. PROCEDURE:
A. Introductory Activity:
A.1 Prayer
A.2 Attendance
A.3. Review of the past lesson
1. Which word best describes the type of literature written in English by Filipino
authors during the Early American Period?
A. Colorful
B. Imitative
C. Fluently written
D. Unique
Which is true about literature during the Japanese Period?
A. Filipinos were encouraged to write using the Tagalog language.
B. Filipinos were forbidden to write at all during this period.
C. Filipino writers began writing literary text in Nihongo.
D. Filipinos continued to write in English and Spanish.
2. Being in exile during the Japanese period, Manuel L. Quezon wrote his
experiences and thoughts in his work entitled "The Good Fight" while he was
in the US. What genre of literature is this?
A. Autobiography
B. Essay
C. Novel
D. Short story
3. Who was appointed as the President of the Philippines during the Japanese
period?
A. Emilio Aguinaldo
B. Jose P. Laurel
C. Manuel L. Quezon
D. Sergio Osmeña Sr.
4. Which Philippine literary was NOT prevalent during the Japanese period?
A. Essay
B. Drama and classical music
C. Short stories written in English
D. Short stories written in the vernacular
5. Who is the writer of the first Filipino novel in English entitled "A Child of
Sorrow" in 1921?
A. Jose Garcia Villa
B. Nick Joaquin
C. Paz Marquez Benitez
D. Zoilo M. Galang

B. Abstraction:
POST-COLONIAL PERIOD (1945-present)
AFTER THE WAR
✔ In 1944, Sergio S. Osmeña, Sr. assumed the presidency upon the death of Manuel L. Quezon
while the Philippine Commonwealth government was in exile in the U.S.
✔ Manuel A. Roxas defeated Sergio S. Osmeña, Sr. as the President in April 1946 for the
Independent Second Republic of the Philippines.
✔ Elpidio R. Quirino assumed the remaining term of Roxas when the latter died of a heart attack
in 1948.
✔ In 1953, Ramon F. Magsaysay was elected as the new president but died in an airplane crash
on March 16, 1957.
✔ Magsaysay's position was assumed by Carlos P. Garcia who was re-elected and served until
1961.
✔ Diosdado P. Macapagal became the President after Carlos P. Garcia. He changed the date of
Philippine Independence from July 4, 1946 (Liberation from America) to June 12, 1896 (Liberation
from Spanish by the revolutionists). He also recognized the presidency of Jose P. Laurel.
PHILIPPINES DURING THE MARTIAL LAW PERIOD
✔ Ferdinand E. Marcos took office for presidency in 1965 who got re-elected in 1969 making him
the first to win two presidential terms.
✔ He declared Martial Law on September 21, 1972 and led the country into what he calls "The
New Society" against lawlessness which incited a lot of opposition.
✔ Marcos was forced to hold an election in 1978 and 1981 to stabilize the country's chaotic
condition where he won again.
✔ The death of Benigno Simeon "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. became the beginning of calling for Marcos'
removal.
✔ EDSA People Power Revolution (bloodless revolution) through the initiative of Maria Corazon C.
Aquino and her supporters erupted which marked a significant national event.
✔ Snap election was conducted in 1986 which seated Corazon Aquino- the widow of Benigno
Simeon "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. as the 11th President of the Philippines and ended the 21 years of
what many claimed as the tyrant rule.
✔ Marcos went on exile in Hawaii, where he died on September 28, 1989.
PHILIPPINES AFTER THE MARTIAL LAW PERIOD (5TH REPUBLIC
TO PRESENT)
✔ The political and economic condition of the Philippines during Cory Aquino's administration
was described as chaotic.
✔ Monopolization of the agricultural industry took place after the International Monetary Fund
(IMF) forced the Philippines to pay its debt amounting to 27.2 billion dollars which they claimed
to be inherited from Marcos administration.
✔ Fidel V. Ramos (also known as "Centennial President") took office in 1992 where he
immediately worked on the country's recovery. He was awarded the Peace Award by UNESCO in
his effort to achieve a Peace Agreement with MILF.
✔ Film actor Joseph Ejercito Estrada won presidency with his pro-poor campaign in1998 but was
ousted in 2001 because of corruption and gambling issues.
✔ Maria Gloria Macapagal Arroyo assumed office in 1998, got re-elected, and served until 2010.
During her term, many impeachment complaints were filed against her due to corruption and
electoral sabotage where she got hospital arrest for her spinal surgery.
✔ Former Senator Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III (aka PNoy or Noynoy Aquino) seated as the next
president in 2010.
✔ Next to him is our current President- Rodrigo Roa Duterte who is both a lawyer
and politician.

Historical Overview of Philippine Literature: Post-colonial Period

Dimensions of Philippine Literature

✔ Filipino writers began to develop new themes, styles, and techniques. The first notable work
that appeared right after the second world war under Japanese occupation in the Philippines is a
novel written by Macario Pineda entitled Ginto sa Makiling which was considered as a narrative
of the Philippines’ social, political, and moral aspects (Macansantos, et al, n.d.). It was noted for
its resemblance to the work of Rizal and more on the work of Balagtas in terms of plot and style.
✔ The rise of English writers began after exposure to American language and culture, although
there were still many Filipino writers observed using the vernaculars. Sarvia (n.d.) considers the
following factors contributory to the flourishing of Filipino literature: 1) establishment of the
University of the
Philippines in 1908 where English was primarily used as the medium of instruction, 2) the
founding of the Philippine Writers’ Association in 1953, and 3) the establishment of the Carlos
Palanca Memorial Award in 1955 to name a few.
✔ According to Macansantos et al (n.d.), among the common literary themes in novels and short
stories were war experiences which can be seen in the works of Stevan Javellana’s Without
Seeing the Dawn (1947) and Edilberto Tiempo’s Watch in the Night for the English category.
While for Filipino literature that used the vernaculars, the works of Lazaro Francisco were
profoundly noted for his style associated to Rizal’s influence such as Bayaning Nagpatiwakal
(1932), Sugat sa Alaala (1950), Maganda pa ang Daigdig (1956), and Daluyong (1962). The
influence of both Spanish and American styles could be observed in the work of Nick Joaquin
where his flashback technique was highly appreciated by critics. Some writers attempted to
incorporate a taste of folk tradition especially in poetry such as epic and other oral forms of
literature which still existed like Balagtasan. However, oral tradition became less popular as
people became more interested in short stories.

LITERATURE THEN AND NOW

The 21st century literature (sometimes called "contemporary literature") is viewed as the
literature of the new generation. Specifically, this refers to literary piece or diverse postmillennial
texts that have been produced since 2000 or 2001 up to the present. The shift from paper to the
screen first took place in this type of literature and the use of technology for human expression
such as e-book, blog, digi-fiction, etc. has been very common.
✔ CHARACTERISTICS OF 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE:
-written by contemporary authors within the last decade
-deals with current issues and themes
-reflects technological culture
-literature of emerging genres
-often breaks traditional writing

How the novel gave way to short stories as life became busier and more fastpaced after the
Industrial Revolution in the Western World would also explain the emergence of new genres
which complemented dependence on the internet and the gadgets required to access them. The
21st century learners were born with the computer already as part of the daily life essential.
Some literary genres which the computer and internet helped create are the following:

Blog
This is also known as web log or a website containing short articles called posts that are
changed regularly. Some blogs are written by one person containing their own opinions,
interests and experiences, while others are written by many different people.
Chick Lit
This genre fiction addresses issues of modern womanhood, often humorously and light-
heartedly. The genre became popular in the late 1990s, with chick lit titles topping best seller
lists and the creation of imprints devoted entirely to chick lit.
Creative Nonfiction
Also known as literary nonfiction or narrative nonfiction, it is a genre of writing that uses literary
styles and techniques to create factually accurate narratives. Creative nonfiction contrasts with
other nonfiction, such as technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but
is not
primarily written in service to its craft. As a genre, creative nonfiction is still relatively young,
and is only beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to fiction and poetry.
Flash Fiction
This is characterized with a style of fictional literature or fiction of extreme brevity. There is no
widely accepted definition of the length of the category. Some self-described markets for flash
fiction impose caps as low as three hundred words, while others consider stories as long as a
thousand words to be flash fiction.
Hyperpoetry
It is a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up. It is a very visual form, and
is related to hypertext fiction and visual arts. The links mean that a hypertext poem has no set
order, the poem moving or being generated in response to the links that the reader/user
chooses. It can
either involve set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented in variable order but sit on the
page much as traditional poetry does, or it can contain parts of the poem that move and / or
mutate.
Mobile Phone Text Tula
A particular example of this poem is a tanaga, a type of Filipino poem, consisting of four lines
with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line - that is to say a 7-7-7-7
syllabic verse, with an AABB rhyme scheme. The modern Tanaga still uses the 7777 syllable
count, but rhymes range from dual rhyme forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA; to freestyle forms such as
AAAB, BAAA, or ABCD.
Speculative Fiction
This is an umbrella term encompassing the more fantastical fiction genres, specifically science
fiction, fantasy, horror, weird fiction, supernatural fiction, superhero fiction, utopian and
dystopian fiction, apocalyptic and postapocalyptic fiction, and alternate history in literature as
well as related static, motion, and virtual arts.

C. Application:
IV. EVALUATION:
1. What does 21st century literature mean?
A. It is any type literary text produced roughly from 2001 up to the present.
B. It is the type of literary that only uses technology.
C. This is the literature of emerging genres.
D. Both A and C.
2. Which literary text only existed during 21st century literature?
A. Acrostic Poems
B. Chic Lit
C. Essay
D. Proverbs
3. Which literary text only existed during 21st century literature?
A. Comedia
B. Haiku
C. Myth
D. Speculative Fiction
4. Which among the poems only existed during 21st century literature?
A. Concrete Poem
B. Lyrical Poetry
C. Hyper Poetry
D. Sonnet
5.Which best characterizes 21st century literature as compared to the other periods?
A. The use of technology is embedded in the creation of this type of literature.
B. This is a literature written by contemporary authors within the last decade.
C. This literature often breaks traditional writing.
D. All of the above.
V. ASSIGNMENT:
none

REMARKS:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Prepared by: MARVIE P. ALBURO Inspected by:

Position: TEACHER 1
Contact Number: 09161895219 RUEL C. ARRANCHADO
E-mail Address: marvie.pedroza@deped.gov.ph School Head