Practice Problems Matrix Operations Math 201-105-RE

   
0 5 −1 " # " # 9 1
5 −3 −1 2 0 8
1. Given A =  3 2 1 , B = ,C = , D =  1 −2 ; find the following if defined.
   
1 0 8 3 −3 0
−4 6 2 5 5

(a) AD (b) B 3 (c) D2 (d) CC T (e) A − 2I (f) B −1

   
" # 3 −1 2 6 1 " #
2 3 −1 3 2
2. Given A = , B = 0 1 −1, C = −5 0 , D = ; find the following if defined.
   
5 1 0 −7 6
4 1 0 2 −1

(a) AD (b) AC (c) AT A − 2B (d) D−1 DD−1 (e) B −1

 
#
" " # 4 −4
4 1 1 9 −1
3. Given B = ,C = ,D =  0 0  ; find the following if defined.
 
−3 2 4 0 5
−5 2

(a) DB (b) BD (c) CD − B 2 (d) (2B)−1


2 0 " # " #
0 5 −2 9 5
4. Given A = −1 1 , B = ,C = ; find the following if defined.
 
1 2 2 5 3
5 3

(a) AB (b) 2AT − 3B (c) C 2 − 5I (d) det(C 7 )

" #2 " #
a b 7 6
5. Suppose = . Find a and b.
1 0 2 3
# " " #
2 b 2 1 5
6. Suppose A = . Find b and c so that A = .
c 3 −15 6
"# " #
a 0 −1 T 26 −11
7. Suppose A = . Find a and b so that AA = .
2 3 b −11 14
" #" # " #
4 1 a b c 8 13 18
8. Suppose = . Find a, b, c, d, e, and f .
2 3 d e f 14 19 24

9. Find s and t such that A is a symmetric matrix:

   
" # " # s 2s st 2 s t " #
1 s s t s s2
(a) A = ; (b) A = ; (c) A =  t −1 s ; (d) A =  2s 0 s + t ; (e) A = .
   
−2 t st 1 st t
t s2 s 3 3 t

10. Let A, B and X be n × n matrices. Solve for X in the following matrix equations (all necessary matrices are assumed to be invertible).
Simplify your answers as much as possible.
(a) B −1 XB = AB
(b) A−1 X −1 = BA−1
(c) B T X T = B + I
(d) A−1 (B + X)−1 = A−1
(e) ABXA−1 B −1 = I + A
  
5 7 −2 2 0 −3 3
11. Given that A =  0 3 1 , −3 5 3 0
 
15. Evaluate:
4 0 6 4 0 2 1
0 2 2 5
(a) find A2,3 , the (2,3)-cofactor of A;

(b) find det(A); 16. 

Use Cramer’s rule to solve:
 7x1
 + x3 = 1
(c) find adj(A); 9x1 + x2 + x3 = 1

(d) find A−1 ; 8x1 − 3x2 = 0


use A−1 to solve the system:

(e) 
 5x + 7y − 2z = −3
 17. Use Cramer’s rule to solve for x3 in the system:

3y + z = 0 
 x1 − x2 − x3 + x4 = 0
 
 x + 3x + 5x + 4x = −1
4x + 6z = 2

1 2 3 4

   x1 + 3x2 + 5x3 + 6x4 = −1


2 0 4 

3x2 + 3x3 + x4 = 0
12. Given that A = 1 −1 3,
 

5 6 0
(a) find A1,2 , the (1, 2)-cofactor of A; 18. Use Cramer’s rule to solve for x3 in the system:

 3x1 + x2 + 2x3 − x4 = 0
(b) find det(A);


 4x + 2x3 + 2x4 = 0
1

(c) find adj(A);  −x1 − 2x2 + 5x3 + 7x4 = 1




2x1 + 3x2 + x3 = 0
(d) find A−1 ;

use A−1 to solve the system:

(e) 
19. Use Cramer’s rule to solve for x4 in the system:
 2x
 + 4z = 3 
3x1 + 4x2 + x3 = 1
x − y + 3z = 1



 2x − x
 1 2 + 6x4 = 1
5x + 6y = 4



 5x1 + 2x3 + 5x4 = 1
−2x1 − 5x2 − x3

= 1
 
6 −1 0
" #
13. Given A =  0 3 −1, find the following:
 
a b
20. Given that A = has det(A) = 5, evaluate:
−2 7 1 c d
(a) M2,3 , the (2, 3)-minor of A
(a) det(3A)
(b) det(A)

(c) adj(A) (b) det(A4 )

(d) A adj(A)
2a + 4b 2c + 4d
(c)
(e) ( adj(A))−1 (Hint: Look for a quick way.) a c

  
 5x1
 + x3 = 2 a b c
21. Given that A = d e f  has det(A) = −3, evaluate:
 
14. Consider the system 2x1 + 3x2 − x3 = 0


−3x1 + x2 = −1 g h i
(a) Write the system in the form AX = B. (a) det(2A)
(b) Find det(A), where A is as in the previous part.
(b) det(A3 )
(c) Solve for x1 using Cramer’s rule.

(d) Find adj(A). (c) det((A−1 )T )

(e) Find A adj(A).
g h i
(f) Find A−1 .
(d) d e f
(g) Solve the system using A−1 . 5a − 3d 5b − 3e 5c − 3f

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  
a b c 23. Suppose A, B, and C are 5 × 5 matrices such that
22. Let A = d e f , and suppose that det(A) = 7.
 
det(A) = 5, det(B) = 6, and C is not invertible.
g h i Find the following or state that there is not enough information.

Suppose also that B is 3 × 3 and det(B) = 5. Find the following: (a) det(A + B)
(b) det(AC + BC)
b a c
(a) det(5AB −1 ) (c) det(AC + CB)
(b) 2e 2d 2f
h g i (d) det(B −1 + B −1 )
2a 3b 5a
(c) 2d 3e 5d 2a + 3d 2b + 3e 2c + 3f
2g 3h 5g (d) d e f
5g − 7d 5h − 7e 5i − 7f

A NSWERS:
   
0 −15 28 −4
1. (a) AD =  34 4  3. (a) DB =  0 0
   

−20 −6 −26 −1

(b) BD is undefined.
" #
3 95 −66
(b) B =
22 −15 " #
−4 −12
2
(c) CD − B =
9 −7
(c) D2 is undefined.
" #
1 2 −1
(d) (2B)−1 =
" # 22 3 4
T 69 −2
(d) CC =
−2 82
 
0 10 −4
4. (a) AB = 1 −3 4 
 
 
−2 5 −1 3 31 −4
(e) A − 2I =  3 0 1 
  " #
T 4 −17 16
−4 6 0 (b) 2A − 3B =
−3 −4 0
" # #"
0 1 101 60
(f) B −1 = 2
(c) C − 5I =
−1/3 5/3 60 29

2. (a) AD is undefined. (d) det(C 7 ) = [det(C)]7 = 128

# "
−5 3 5. a = 2, b = 3.
(b) AC =
25 5
6. b = 1, c = −3.
 
23 13 −6 7. a = −5, b = 1.
(c) AT A − 2B =  11 8 −1
 
8. a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d = 4, e = 5, f = 6.
−10 −5 1
9. (a) s = −2, t ∈ R (t can be any real number)
" #
6 −2
" # " #
(d) D−1 DD−1 = D−1 = 1 1 t s 0
32
7 3 (b) s = 1, t ∈ R → or t = 0, s ∈ R →
t 1 0 1
  (c) s = 0, t = 0 or s = 1, t = 2
−1 −2 1
(e) B −1 = 4 8 −3 (d) s = 0, t = 3
 

4 7 −3
(e) s = 0, t ∈ R or s = t ∈ R

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     
10. (a) X = BA 5 0 1 x1 2
14. (a)  2 3 −1 x2  =  0 
    
(b) X = AB −1 A−1
−3 1 0 x3 −1
(c) X = (B + I)T B −1 (b) det(A) = 16

(d) X = I − B (c) x1 = 5/16

 
(e) X = (AB)−1 BA + A 1 1 −3
(d) adj(A) =  3 3 7
 
11. (a) A2,3 = 28 11 −5 15
 
(b) det(A) = 142. 16 0 0
(e) A adj(A) =  0 16 0
   
18 −42 13
0 0 16
(c) adj(A) =  4 38 −5
 
 
−12 28 15 1 1 −3
−1 1 
(f) A = 3 3 7

16
 
18 −42 13
1 11 −5 15
(d) A−1 =  4 38 −5
 
142 (g) (5/16, −1/16, 7, 16)
−12 28 15
      15. 386
x −3 −14/71
16. (0, 0, 1)
(e) y  = A−1  0  = −11/71
     

z 2 33/71 17. x3 = − 21
13
12. (a) A1,2 = 15. 18. x3 = 92

(b) det(A) = 8.
  19. x4 = − 26
59
−18 24 4
(c) adj(A) =  15 −20 −2
 
20. (a) 45
11 −12 −2
  (b) 625
−18 24 4
1 (c) −20
(d) A−1 =  15 −20 −2

8 21. (a) −24
11 −12 −2
      (b) −27
x 3 −7/4
(e) y  = A−1 1 =  17/8 
      (c) −1/3
z 4 13/8 (d) 15
13. (a) M2,3 = 40 22. (a) 175

(b) det(A) = 58 (b) −14


10 1 1
 (c) 0
(c) adj(A) =  2 6 6 (d) 70
 

6 −40 18 23. (a) Not enough information.

 
58 0 0 (b) 0.
(d) A adj(A) =  0 58 0 
 
(c) Not enough information. For example,
0 0 58
" # " #
0 0 0 1
if A = B = and C = ,
  x 0 0 0
6 −1 0
1 1  then det(AC + CB) = x2 .
(e) ( adj(A))−1 = A= 0 3 −1

det(A) 58
−2 7 1 (d) 16/3

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