BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
SYNOPSIS  1
W.E.1:- The value of B  3; 4,  is
4

 Bernoullian Trials (or) Bernoulli Trials Sol: Here, r = 3, n = 4, p = 1/4, q = 3/4
Random trials which result either in the success or 3 1
failure of an event A, with constant probability of 4 1 3 3
p(x = 3) = C3     =
success p and that of failure 1-p=q are called as 4 4 64
bernoullian trials. For example:
i) In tossing of an unbiased coin, if we consider getting W.E.2:- If the difference between the mean and
head upwards as a success then the probability of variance of a binomial distribution for 5 trials
1 5
success p  . The probability of failure is , then the distribution is
2 9

1 1 Sol: Here n = 5, np – npq = 5/9

q  1  and it is true for every trial. np (1 – q) = 5/9  5 (p2) = 5/9; p=1/3, q = 2/3
2 2
ii) In rolling of a symmetrical die, if we consider getting then, binomial distribution is (2/3 + 1/3)5
1  The Characteristics of B.D. :
a face with 6 points upward as a success then p 
6  The mean of random binomial variate X is np. i.e.,
1 5 x x
and q  1   and it is also true for every trial. x  np or np  x .  n  , p 
6 6 p n
 Binomial Distribution : The probability of x  The variance of r.b.v. x is npq. i.e.,  2  npq
successes in n independent bernoullian trials is given
 2  npq 
by p  X  x  ncx px qnx ; x  0,1,2,3,.....n ; Now q  
x  np 
p  0, q  0 and p  q  1 and it is called as B.D.
 The S.D. of r.b.v. x is npq i.e.,   npq
Here n & p are called as the parameters of B.D.
 A discrete random variable x is said to follow B.D.  In binomial distribution x   2 or  2  x
with parameters n, p, if its probability mass function i.e., np  npq or npq  np
is given by p  X  x   n cx p x qn x ; x  0,1, 2, 3,.....n ; W.E.3:-A symmetrical die is thrown four times and
p  0, q  0 and p  q  1 . If X is the number of getting a multiple of 2 is considered to be a
successes in n trials, then the probability distribution success. The mean and variance of success are
of X is Sol :Here, n = 4, p = 3/6 = 1/2, q = 1/2
No. of Mean = np = 4(1/2) = 2
successes 0 1 r n
(x)
Variance = npq = 4 (1/2) (1/2) = 1
P(X = x) n
C0qnP0 nC1qn1 P1
n n r
Crq P
r n
Cn q0 Pn 1
 If p  q  , then the distribution is said to be a
2
 The above probabilities are various terms of the symmetrical binomial distribution.
binomial expansion  q  p   c0 q p  c1q p
n n n 0 n n 1 1
MODE : The mode is that value of variable with
maximum probability.
 nc2qn2 p2  .....  ncr qnr pr  .......  ......  ncnqnn pn
 The mode of B.D. depends on the value of np+p.
 The originator of B.D. was James Bernoulli (1654- CASE-1: If np+p=k, where k is an integer, then
1705) and so it is also some times called as Bernoulli there will be two modes namely k & k-2. In this
distribution. case the distribution is said to be a Bi-modal
 B  r ; n, p  means p  X  r  binomial distribution.

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BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
CASE-2: If np+p=k+f, where k is an integer and  1
W.E.8:- In a binomial distribution B  n, p   ,
f is a proper fraction then there will be only one  4
mode namely k. i.e., the integral part of np+p will if the probability of at least one success is
be the mode. In this case the distribution is said to
be uni-modal binomial distribution. 9
greater than or equal to , then n is greater
10
W.E.4:- In a binomial distribution with n=10, than (AIEEE-2009)
2
p , the mode of the B.D. is 9 9
5 Sol: We have P ( x  1)   1  P ( x  0) 
10 10
Sol: Here np + p = 10 (2/5) + (2/5) = 22/5
0 n n
= 4 + (2/5); Mode = 4 1 3 9 9 3
 1  C0       1   
n

 If we consider n independent bernoullian trials as  4   4  10 10  4 

one experiment and if we repeat such an experiment n
N times, then the expected frequency or the 3  1 
    
theoretical frequency of x successes is given by  4   10 
f  X  x  N.p  X  x Taking log to the base 3/4, on both sides, we get
 N . n cx p x q n  x , x  0,1, 2,3,....n 3  1
n log3/ 4    log 3/ 4  
and this is called as Binomial frequency distribution. 4  10 
W.E.5:- Out of 10,000 families with 4 children  log10 10
each, find the expected number of families all n   log 3 / 4 10  1
3
of whose children are daughters log10   = log 3  log 4
4 10 10
Sol: Here, p = q = 1/2, n = 4, N = 10,000
1
1
4
 n 
Req. = N × P (x = 4) =(10,000) 4 C4 .   = 625 log10 4  log10 3
2

 In a binomial distribution if '  ' is Mean and ' ' is C.U.Q.

S.D. then 0     (OR) [0,  ) 1. The number of parameters of B.D. are
W.E.6:- In a binomial distribution AM=3, 1) 4 2) 3
variance=4. The intervel of standard deviation is 3) 2 4) 1
2. If X  B(20, 1 / 2) . The variance is
Sol :Here, Mean (  ) = 3    [0, 3)
1) 3 2) 4
 In binomial distribution P(X=r) is maximum when 3) 5 4) 6
r   np  (where [ ] is greatest integer function) 3. If for a Binomial distribution, µ = 10 and  2 =
5, then P(X > 6) is
W.E.7:- Suppose X follows binomial distribution 1 20
1 20

1 1)
2 20
 20Cr 2) 2 0
2

r6
20Cr
with parameters n = 100 and p then P(x=r) r7
3
1 20 1 20
3) 1 9  4) 1 9  2 0 C r
is maximum when r is 2 0 Cr
2 r7 2 r6
Sol: p  x  r  is maximum at r = [np] (where [ ] is
4. Let X be a B(2, p) and Y be an independent
greatest integer function)
B(4, p). If P(X  1) = 5/9, then P(Y  1) is
 1 61 65 1 1
 r = 100  3  = [33.33] = 33 1) 2) 3) 4)
  65 81 2 3
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 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
5. When a coin is tossed n times if the probability
for getting 6 heads is equal to the probability
LEVEL-I (C.W)
for getting 8 heads then, the value of n is 1. A binomial distribution has a mean of 5 and
1) 8 2) 10 3) 12 4) 14 variance 4. The number of trials is
6. The least number of times a fair coin must be 1) 20 2) 16 3) 25 4) 10
tossed so that the probability of getting atleast 2. If X is binomial variate with E(X) = 5 and
one head is atleast 0.8 is variance 4. The parameters of the distribution
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 are
7. In a box containing 15 identical bulbs, 5 are
1 1 1 1 1
defective. If 5 bulbs are drawn at random from 1) , 20 2) , 20 3) 25, 4) ,
4 5 5 25 5
the box with replacement, The probability that
atleast one of them is defective is 3. If the mean of the binomial distribution is 25.
Then standard deviation lies in the interval
32 211 80 32 given below (Eamcet 1992)
1) 2) 3) 4)
343 243 243 243 1) [0, 5) 2) (0, 5] 3) [0, 25) 4) (0, 25]
8. When a coin is tossed, p  X  r heads  = 4. The standard deviation  of  q  p 16 is 2. The
n n n n mean of the distribution is
c cr cn cn
1) nr 2) n 1 3) n 1 4) 1) 2 2) 8 3) 16 4) 20
2 2 2 2n 5. The probability of getting a total of 9 atleast
C.U.Q. - KEY twice in 6 tosses of a pair of dice is


2 4 x 6 x
1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 1 8 6
1 8
1)
6
C2     2) 1  6
Cx    
5) 4 6) 3 7) 2 8) 1 9 9 x2
9 9
x 6 x x 6 x
C.U.Q. - HINTS 6
1 8 6
8 1
3)  6 Cx     4)  6 Cx    
x2
9 9 x2
9 9
1. n& p 6. In a binomial distribution, if AM = 4 and
2. X  B(20, 1/ 2) variance = 3. Then n is
 n = 20, p = 1/2, q = 1/2 1) 10 2) 12 3) 4 4) 3
mean = np = 10 7. In a binomial distribution mean is 4.8 and
variance = npq = 20(1/2)(1/2) = 5 variance is 2.88, then the parameter n is
20 20  r r 20
1) 8 2) 12 3) 16 4) 20
 1  1 1
3. P(X > 6) =  20
Cr  
 2  2   20
2
 20
Cr 8. A fair coin is tossed 6 times. The variance of
r 7 r 7 number of heads is
4. P  X  x   2Cx p x q 2 x ; P Y  y   4 C y p y q 4  y 1) 3 2) 3/2 3) 3/4 4) 2
11
P  X  1  1  P  X  0  1  q 2  5 / 9 9. In a binomial distribution mean = and
4
 q  2 / 3, p  1/ 3
15
P Y  1  1  P Y  0   1  q 4  65 / 81 variance = , then the probability of success
16
5. n
C 6  n C 8  n  14 is
1 29 1 3
6. 1
1
 0.8 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 44 4 4
2n
10. A machine manufacturing screws is known to
7. P(atleast one of them is defective)
produce 5% defectives. In a random sample
32 211 of 15 screws the probability that there are
= P (X  1) = 1 – P ( X = 0) = 1  
243 243 exactly 3 defectives is
1 
3
1   19 
12
8. pq 1)
16
2)
17 15
3) C3  4)
18
2   
20 20  20   20  20
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BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
11. The probability of a man hitting the target is 19. The probability of obtaining 2 heads when an
1 unbiased coin is tossed 5 times is
. If he fires 7 times the probability of his 1) 5/8 2) 4/9 3) 5/16 4) 4/16
4
hitting the target atleast once is 20. Six unbiased coins are tossed, the probability
7 7 7 7
of obtaining atleast two heads is
3 3 1 1 1) 50/64 2) 55/64 3) 57/64 4) 60/64
1)   2) 1   3)   4) 1  
4 4 4 4 21. The probability of answering 6 out of 10
12. A box contains 3 red marbles and 2 white questions correctly in a true or false
marbles. A marble is drawn and replaced three examination is
times from the box. The probability that exactly 4 6 10 8

one red marble is drawn is 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1

1) C4   2) C6   3) C6   4) C6  
1) 3/5 2) 9/125 3) 36/125 4) 6/125 2 2  2 2
13. Of the bolts produced by a factory 2% are 22. On the average if it rains on 5 days in every
defective. In a shipment of 3600 bolts from the 30 days, the probability that there will be rain
factory, the expected number of defective bolts on exactly three days of a given week is
is 7 1
3
7 5
3

1) 144 2) 72 3) 36 4) 18 1) C3   2) C3  
6 6
14. If X is a binomial variate with n=6 and 3 4 4
9P(X=4)=P(X=2), the parameter p is 7 1 5 7 1
3) C3     4) C3  
1) 3/4 2) 1/3 3) 1/4 4) 1/2 6 6 6
15. Twenty identical coins each with probability p 23. A and B play a game in which A's chance of
of showing heads are tossed. The probability 1
of heads showing on 10 coins is same as that winning is . In a series of 6 games,
5
of heads showing on 11 coins then p = theprobability that A will win all the 6 games is
1 10 11 13 6 6 0
1) 2) 3) 4) 6 1 6 1 4
2 21 21 21 1) C2   2) C6    
5 5 5
16. The probability that a student is not a swimmer
6 5
1 4 6 1
is . Out of 5 students the probability that 3)   4) C5  5 
5 5  

exactly four are swimmers is 24. The probability that in a family of 4 children
3 4
there will be atleast one boy is
4 1
1) 5 2)   13 15 14 12
  5 1) 2) 3) 4)
16 16 16 16
4 1 4 1
5 4 1 5 1 4 25. A fair coin is tossed four times. The probability
3) C4     4) C4    
5 5 5  5 that tails exceed heads in number is
17. The probability that India wins a cricket test 1) 1/4 2) 5/16 3) 7/16 4) 9/16
1 26. A symmetrical die is thrown 6 times. If getting
match against England is . If India and an odd number is a success, the probability of
3
England play 3 matches, the probability that at the most 5 successes is
India will win atleast one match is 5 15 63 36
1) 2) 3) 4)
1) 8/27 2) 19/27 3) 1/27 4) 9/27 64 64 64 64
18. In a binomial distribution, the probability of 27. Five cards are drawn successively with
1 replacement from a well shuffled pack of 52
getting a success is and the standard cards. The probability that all the five cards
4
deviation is 3. Then its mean is are spades
1) 12 2) 10 3) 8 4) 6 5   1
5
5 3
5
3
2

1) C5   2) 3)   4)  
4 52 4 4

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 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
28. In six throws of a die, getting 4 or 5 is LEVEL-I (C.W.) - KEY
considered as a success. The mean number of
successes is 1) 3 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 5) 3 6) 2 7) 2
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 8) 2 9) 2 10)3 11) 2 12) 3 13) 2 14) 3
29. If A and B are two equally strong table tennis 15) 3 16) 3 17) 2 18) 1 19) 3 20) 3 21) 3
players, the probability that A beats B in 22) 3 23) 2 24) 2 25) 2 26) 3 27) 1 28) 3
exactly three games out of 4 games is 29) 3 30) 3 31) 3 32) 2 33) 3 34) 3 35) 3
1) 1/6 2) 1/5 3) 1/4 4) 1/2
30. A student is given 6 questions in a true or false
LEVEL-I (C.W.) - HINTS
examination. If he gets 4 or more correct 1. np = 5, npq = 4 ; 2. np = 5, npq = 4, Req = n, p
answers, he passes the examination. The
3. np = 25, S.D = 0,   ; 4. npq = 4, n = 16
probability that he passes the examination is
1) 5/32 2) 7/32 3) 11/32 4) 3/32 5. P  x  2 ; 6. np = 4, npq = 3
31. A machine manufacturing screws is known to 7. np = 4.8, npq = 2.88
produce 5% defectives. In a random sample
of 15 screws the probability that there are not 1 1
8. n = 6, Req. = npq = 6   ; 9. Req. = p
more than 3 defectives is 2 2
5
, P  X  3
12 x 15  x
15  1  15
 1   19  10. n  15, p 
1) C3   2)  15C x     100
 20  x4
 20   20 
1 3
3
 1   19 
x 15 x
3
 1   19 
x 15
11. p  , n  7, P  X  1 ; 12. n  3, p  x  1 , p 
3)  Cx    
15
4)  Cx    
15
4 5
x 0
 20   20  x 0
 20   20 
2
32. The incidence of occupational disease in an 13. p  , n  3600,   np
100
industry is such that the workers have a 20%
chance of suffering from it. The probability that 14. p(x = r) = n cr q n  r .pr
out of 6 workers chosen at random, not even 15. n = 20, P(x = 10) = P(x = 11)
one will suffer from that disease is
1 1
1
6
4
6
1
0
1
3 16. q  , n  5, p  x  4  ; 17. p  , n  3, p  x  1
5 3
1)   2)   3)   4)  
5 5 5 5
1 1
33. The chance that a person with two dice, the 18. p  , npq  9 ; 19. n  5, p  q  , p  x  2 
4 2
faces of each being numbered 1 to 6, will throw
aces exactly 4 times in 6 trials is 1
20. n  6, P  X  2  ; 21. n  10, p  q  , r = 6
4 4
2
 1   35 
1)   2)   5
 36   36  22. P  X  3 , n  7, p  ;
30
4 2 4 2
6  1   35  6  35   1 
3) C4     4) C4     1
 36   36   36   36  23. p  , n  6, P  X  6 
5
34. If 10% of the attacking air crafts are expected
to be shot down before reaching the target, 1
24. n  4, p  x  1 , p  q 
the probability that out of 5 aircrafts atleast 2
four will be shot before they reach the target 4
C3  4 C 4
is 25. Req. =
24
4 4 4 4
  1     1   1 1
1) 4   2) 5   3)  4.6   4) 6   26. P  X  5 , n  6, p  ;
3
27. n  5, p 
13
10
  10
  10
   10  6 52
35. The probability of A winning a game is 2/3. In
2
a series of 4 such games the probability that A 28. n  6, p  , Re q  np
6
will win more than half of the games is
1
1)
32
2)
33
3)
16
4)
8 29. p  x  3 , n  4, p  q 
81 81 27 27 2
139
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

1 6
30. n  6, p  x  4  , p  q  8. If for a binomial distribution x  and the
2 5

5 6
31. P  x  3 , n  15, P  difference between mean and variance is .
100 25
The number of trials is
32. P  x  1 , n  6, p  20% 1) 8 2) 7 3) 6 4) 5
1
9. If for a B.D. with n=12, the ratio of variance
33. n = 6, p(x = 4), p  1
36
to mean is , the probability of 10 successes
3
10
34. n = 5, p  x  4  , p  is
100 10 2 10 2
15  2 1 12  2 1
2 1 1) C10     2) C10    
35. p  , q  , n  4, p  x  2   3 3  3  3
3 3 10 10
2 1
LEVEL-I (H.W) 3)   4)  
3  3
10. A symmetrical die is thrown three times. If
1. The mean of binomial distribution is 6 and its getting a six is considered to be a success, the
S.D. is 2 , then the number of trials n is probability of atleast two successes is
1) 7 2) 8 3) 9 4) 10 4 3 2 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
2. If a random variable X follows B.D. with mean 27 27 27 27
2.4 and variance 1.44, the number of 11. If for a BD the mean is 6 and standard
independent trials n is 1
1) 10 2) 8 3) 6 4) 2 deviation is , the probability of success is
2
3. If for a binomial distribution with n = 5, 1) 11/12 2) 10/12 3) 9/12 4) 8/12
4p(X=1)=P(X=2), the probability of success is 12. If the sum of mean and variance of B.D. for 5
1 2 1
trials is 1.8, the binomial distribution is
1
1) 2) 3) 4) 1)  0.8  0.2 5 2)  0.2  0.8 5
3 3 4 8
4. A symmetrical die is rolled 720 times. Getting 3)  0.8  0.2 10 4)  0.2  0.8 10
a face with four points is considered to be a 13. If for a binomial distribution n = 4 and
success. The mean and variance of the number 6P(X=4)=P(X=2), the probability of success is
of successes is 1) 3/4 2) 1/2 3) 1/3 4) 1/4
1) 20, 120 2) 120, 100 3) 100, 100 4) 50, 50 14. A box contains 6 red and 4 white marbles. A
5. The probability of getting atleast two heads marble is drawn and replaced three times from
when an unbiased coin is tossed three times is the box. The probability that one white marble
1 1
is drawn
1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 53 54 56 52
4 3 2 8 1) 2) 3) 4)
125 125 125 125
6. For a binomial distribution x  4,  2  3 then the
15. A random variable X is binomially distributed
distribution of x is with mean is 12 and variance is 8. Find the
1 3
16
3 1
16
1 1
16
1 1
8 parameters of the distribution are
1)    2)    3)    4)    1 1 2 2
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2
1) 18, 2) 36, 3) 36, 4) 18,
3 3 3 3
10
7. If for a binomial distribution mean = and 16. If the mean and variance of a binomial variate
3
X are 8 and 4 respectively then P  X  3 
40
sum of mean and variance is . The (EAM-2014)
9
parameters are 137 697 265 265
1) 2) 3) 4)
216 216 216 215
2 2 2 2
1) ,10 2) , 20 3) 5, 4) 4,
3 3 3 3
140
 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
17. The mean and standard deviation of a binomial 4
14. n  3, p  , P  X  1 15. Req. = n, p
variate X are 4 and 3 respectively. Then 10

P  X  1  (EAM-2007) 1 16
16. p  x  3   c0 16 c1 16 c2 
16 16 16 16
216
1 3 2 1 3 1
1) 1    2) 1    3) 1    4) 1    17. q  , p  , n  16
4 4 3 3 4 4
18. If the mean and variance of a binomial variable
1 1
X are 2 and 1 respectively, then P  X  1  18. p  q  , n  4 19. p 
2 3
(EAM-2010)
2 15 7 4 Cr p r q n  r
n

1) 2) 3) 4) 20. n is independent of n
3 16 8 5 Cr p n  r q r
19. X follows a binomial distribution with p = q = 1/2
parameters n  6 and p . If
4 P  X  4   P  X  2  . Then p  (EAM-2009) LEVEL-II (C.W)
1 1 1 1 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 1. For a binomial distribution if p  , n  20 the
2 4 6 3 4
20. Suppose X follows a binomial distribution with probability of mode is
parameters n and p, where 0 < p < 1. If 5 5 15
20 3 20 1 3
P( X  r ) 1) C5   2) C5    
is independent of n for every r,, 4 4 4
P( X  n  r ) 10 10 10
10 1  3 10 3
then p = (EAM-2012) 3) C10     4) C10  
4  4 4
1) 1/2 2) 1/3 3) 1/4 4) 1/8
1
LEVEL-I (H.W.) - KEY 2. In a B.D. n = 400, p  . Its standard deviation
5
1) 3 2) 3 3) 2 4) 2 5) 3 6) 2 is
7) 3 8) 3 9) 2 10) 3 11) 1 12) 1 1
13) 2 14) 2 15) 2 16) 1 17) 2 18) 2 1) 10  2 2) 3) 4 4) 8
800
19) 4 20) 1 3. If X be B.V. with EX   5 and
LEVEL-I (H.W.) - HINTS E  X 2    E  X   4 , then the parameters of
2

1. np  6, npq  2 distribution are

2. np = 2.4, npq = 1.44 1 1 1 4
1) , 20 2) , 20 3) , 25 4) , 25
1 5 4 5 5 5
3. n  720, p  ,q 
6 6   1
4. If x is B  x, n, 3  , P  x  1  0.8 , the least value of
4. n  3, P  X  2   
5. np = 4, npq = 3 n is
1) 3 2) 4 3) 5 4) 6
6. Req. = n, p
5. A box contains 'a' white and 'b' black balls. 'c'
7. Req. = n balls are drawn at random with replacement.
8. P(x = 10) The expected number of white balls drawn is
1 a ac bc b
9. n = 3, p  , P  x  2  1) 2) 3) 4)
6 ab ab ab ab
1 6. 5 cards are drawn one after another
10. np = 6, npq = successively with replacement from a well
2
11. np + npq = 1.8, n = 5 shuffled pack of 52 cards. The probability that
12. Req. = p all the 5 cards are spades
5 5 5 5
1 3 3 1 1
p 1)   2) 1   3)   4) 1  
13. n = 6, p(x = 4), 4 4 4 4
36

141
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
7. A card is drawn and replaced four times from that there are three households is
an ordinary pack of 52 playing cards. The 1) 240 2) 352 3) 1696 4) 120
probability that at least once heart is drawn 16. In a market region half of the households is
3
4
1
4 known to use a particular brand of soap. In a
1)   2) 1    household survey, a sample of 10 house holds
4 2 
4 4
are alloted to each investigator and 2048
3 1 investigators are appointed for the survey. The
3) 1    4)   number of investigators likely to report that
4  2
8. Out of 800 families with 4 children each the there are atleast 4 users is
expected number of families having 2 boys and 1) 240 2) 352 3) 1696 4) 120
2 girls is 17. The least number of times a fair coin is to be
1) 100 2) 200 3) 300 4) 400 tossed in order that the probability of getting
9. One hundred identical coins each with atleast one head is at least 0.99 is
probability P of showing up heads are tossed. 1) 5 2) 6 3) 7 4) 8
If O<P<1 and the probability of heads showing 18. An arcade game is such that the probability of
on 50 coins is equal to that of heads showing any person winning is always 0.3. The minimum
on 51 coins then the value of P is number of people play the game to ensure that
50 51 52 53 the probability that atleast one person wins is
1) 2) 3) 4) greater than or equal to 0.96 is
100 101 101 101
10. 2K+1 coins (K is an integer) each with 1) 8 2) 9 3) 10 4) 12
probability P(O<P<1) of getting head are 19. Suppose A and B are two equally strong table
tossed together. If the probability of getting tennis players. Which of the following two
K heads is equal to the probability of getting events is more probable
K+1 heads, the value of P is a) A beats B in exactly 3 games out of 4
b) A beats B in exactly 5 games out of 8
1 1 1 1 1) a 2) b
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 3 2 8 3) a & b 4) neither a nor b
11. A card is drawn and replaced in an ordinary 20. A bag contains 13 balls numbered from 1 to
pack of playing cards. The number of times 13. Suppose drawing of an even number is a
a card must be drawn so that the probability success. Two balls are drawn with replacement
of getting atleast a club card is greater than from the bag. The probability of getting two
3 successes is
4 84 49 36 120
1) 7 2) 6 3) 5 4) 4 1) 2) 3) 4)
169 169 169 169
12. Out of 2000 families with 4 children, the 21. A coin tossed n times. If the probability that 4,
number of familes you expect to have atleast 5, 6 heads occur are in A.P., then n =
one boy is 1) 14 2) 8 3) 15 4) 11
1) 1875 2) 750 3) 1250 4) 625 22. Suppose X follows binomial distribution with
13. 6 symmetrical dice are thrown 1458 times. The
1
number of times you expect three dice to parameters n = 100 and p  then P(x=r) is
show a four or five is 8
1) 160 2) 320 3) 480 4) 600 maximum when r =
14. If a sex ratio of births is 49 girls to 51 boys, 1) 49 2) 50 3) 12 4) 34
the probability that there will be 8 girls 23. The probability of a bomb hitting a bridge is
1
amongst 10 babies born on the same day in a 2
maternity hospital is and two direct hits are needed to destroy it.
1) 10 C8  0.518  0.49 2 2) 10 C8  0.49 8  0.512 The least number of bombs required so that
the probability of the bridge being destroyed
3) 10 C8  0.49  0.518 4) 10 C8  0.49  0.512 is greater than 0.9 is
15. In a market region half of the households is 1) 5 2) 6 3) 8 4) 7
known to use a particular brand of soap. In a 24. A coin whose faces are marked 3 & 5 is tossed
household survey, a sample of 10 house holds 4 times. The probability that the sum of the
are alloted to each investigator and 2048 numbers thrown is greater than 15
investigators are appointed for the survey. 11 5 5 1
The number of investigators likely to report 1) 2) 3) 4)
16 16 8 16
142
 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
25. The mean and the variance of a binomial 49
distribution are 4 and 2 respectively. Then the 14. p  , n  10, P  X  8 
100
probability of 2 successess is
1) 128/256 2) 219/256 1
15. p  , n  10, N  2048
3) 37/256 4) 28/256 2
26. If the mean and the variance of a binomial 10
C3
variate X are 2 and 1 respectively, then the N .P  X  3  2048   240
210
probability that X takes a value greater than
16. 2048  352  1696 17. P  X  1  0.99
one is equal to
1 5 11 15 18. 1   0.7 n  0.96 0.04   0.7 
n

1) 2) 3) 4)
16 16 16 16 4
C3 4 8
19. P  E1    
LEVEL-II (C.W.) - KEY 24 16 32
6
1) 2 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3 7) 3 20. P(X = 2), n = 2 even = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12} p =
8) 3 9) 2 10) 3 11) 3 12) 1 13) 2 14) 2 13
15) 1 16) 3 17) 3 18) 3 19) 1 20) 3 21) 1 21. n
c4 , n c5 , n c6 are in A.P.  n  2r 2  n  2, where
22) 3 23) 4 24) 1 25) 4 26) 3
r 5
LEVEL-II (C.W.) - HINTS 22. p  x  r  is maximum at r = [np]
1 1 1 1 1  1 1
1. p , n  20, np  p  20    5  23. p  , q  , P  x  2   0.9   n  1 
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 n
10
i.e., mode = 5 24. 16 18 20
15 5
3 1 (5533) (5553) (5555)
probability of mode  P  X  5   C5    
20

4 4
1
2. S.D. = npq n = 4, p = q =
2
Req. = p(X = 2) + p(X = 3) + p(X = 4)
 
E(x) = np = 5, E x 2   E  x    npq  4
2
3. 25. np = 4, npq = 2, P(x = 2)
4. P  X  1  0.8  1  P  X  0   0.8 1
26. p  q  , n  4
2
n
2
    0.2  Least value of n is 4
3 LEVEL-II (H.W)
5.   np
13 1. The mean and the variance of a random
6. P  X  5  , n  5, p  variable X having a binomial distribution are
52
4 and 2 respectively, then P(X = 1) is
13
7. P  X  1 , n  4, p  1) 1/32 2)1/16 3) 1/8 4) 1/4
52 2. A card is drawn and replaced three times from
8.
1
Re q.  N  P  X  2  , N  800, p  q  , n  4 an ordinary pack of 52 playing cards. The
2 probability that three spades are drawn is
9. n = 100, P(X = 50) = P(X = 51) 9 1 37 3
10. n = 2k + 1, P(X = k) = P(X = k + 1) 1) 2) 3) 4)
64 64 64 64
3 3. If we take 1280 sets each of 10 tosses of a fair
11. P  x  1 
4 coin, the number of sets we expect to get 7
3 13 heads and 3 tails is
1  P  X  0  ,p 
4 52 1) 450 2) 300 3) 150 4) 75
4. 201 coins each with probability P(O<P<1) of
12. Req. = N  P   1 showing head are tossed together. If the
1 probability of getting 100 heads is equal to the
N = 2000, n = 4, p = q = probability of getting 101 heads, then the value
2
of p is
13. Req. = 1458  P  x  3 , n  6, p  2 1 1 1 1
6 1) 2) 3) 4)
4 3 2 6

143
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
5. The probability of a man hitting the target is 3. An experiment succeeds twice as often as it
1 fails . The chance that in the next six trials,
. The number of times atleast must he fire
4 there shall be atleast four successes is
so that the probability of his hitting the target 4 2 x 6 x
 2 1 4
 2 1
2) x 0 Cx    
6 6
2 1) C4    
atleast once is greater than is  3 3  3 3
3
1) 6 2) 5 3) 4 4) 3 6
 2 1
x 6 x
8
 2 1
x 6 x

3) x 4 C x     4) x 6 Cx    
6 6
6. A bag contains 13 balls numbered from 1 to
 3 3  3 3
13. Suppose drawing of an even number is a
success. Two balls are drawn with replacement 4. The probability that a bulb produced by a
from the bag. The probability of getting atleast factory will fuse after 100 days of use is 0.05.
one success is The probability that out of 5 such bulbs atleast
49 84 120 36
one will fuse after 100 days of use is
1) 2) 3) 4) 1)  0.95 5 2)  0.05 5 3) 1   0.95 5 4) 1   0.05 5
169 169 169 169
7. One in 9 ships is likely to be wrecked, when 5. The probability that a bulb produced by a
they are set on sail. When 6 ships set on sail, factory will fuse after 100 days of use is 0.05.
the probability for exactly, 3 will not arrive The probability that out of 5 such bulbs none
safely is of them fuse after 100 days is
25  83 1 6  83  6  86  1)  0.05 5 2)  0.95 5
1) 2) 1  6 3) C3  6  4) C3  3 
96 9 9  9  3) 1   0.95 5 4) 1   0.05 5
LEVEL-II (H.W.) - KEY 6. A coin whose faces are marked 3 & 5 is tossed
4 times. The probability that the sum of the
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 3
numbers thrown is 12 is
5) 3 6) 3 7) 3
1 5 5 1
LEVEL-II (H.W.) - HINTS 1)
16
2)
16
3)
8
4)
8
1 np = 4, npq = 2, P(x = 1) 7. The sum and product of mean and variance of
13
a binomial distribution are 24 and 128
2. P  X  3 , n  3, p  respectively. The binomial distribution is
52
32 32
1 1 1  3 7
3. Req. = 1280  p  X  7  , n  10, p  q  1)    2)   
2 2 2  10 10 
4. n = 201, P(X = 100) = P(X = 101) 32 32
 1 49  1 2
2 1 3)    4)   
5. P  X  1  ,p  50 50  3 3
3 4 8. X and Y are independent binomial variates
6
6. P  X  1 , n  2, p   1  1
13 B  5,  and B  7,  then P  X  Y  3 is
 2   2
1 8
7. p , q , n6 45 55 65 60
9 9 1) 2) 3) 4)
1024 1024 1024 1024
LEVEL - III 9. A die is tossed twice. Getting ‘an odd number’
is termed a success. The probability
1. The largest possible variance of a binomial distribution of number of successess (X) is
variate is formed. Then its mean, variance are
1) 1, 1/2 2) 1/2, 1 3) 1/2, 1/2 4) 1, 1
n n n 10. If X follows a binomial distribution with
1) n 2) 3) 4)
2 4 6
1
2. Five coins whose faces are marked 2 and 3 parameters n = 8 and P  then P  x  4  2  =
are thrown. The chance of obtaining a total of 2
12 is 119 9 101 11
1) 2) 3) 4)
11 15 5 1 128 128 128 128
1) 2) 3) 4)
16 16 16 16
144
 BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
11. Consider 5 independent Bernouli’s trials each LEVEL - III - KEY
with probability of success p . If the
1) 3 2) 3 3) 3 4) 3 5) 2 6) 1
probability of at least one failure is greater
7) 1 8) 2 9) 1 10) 1 11) 1 12) 4
31 13) 4 14) 1 15) 1 16) 1 17) 2
than or equal to , then p lies in the interval
32
LEVEL - III - HINTS
(AIE-2011)

 1  11  1. f(p) = np(1 – p) = np – np2 ;

1) 0, 2)  , 1
 2  2  1
p ,q
1
2 2
 1 3  3 11 
3)  ,  4)  , 2. (2 2 2 3 3) ;
 2 4  4 12 
1 1
12. A pair of fair dice is thrown independently p ,q  ,n  5 ;
three times. The probability of getting a score 2 2
of exactly 9 twice is (AIE-2007) 1
5

p  X  3   5 C3  
1 8 8 8 2
1) 2) 3) 4)
729 9 729 243 3. p  x  4  , n  6, p  2q
13. If on an average 1 vessel in every 10 is
wrecked, the chance that out of 5 vessels 4. P  0.05, n  5, P  X  1
expected 4 at least will arrive safely is
5. P  0.05, n  5, P  X  0 
4 1 2 95
1) 2) 3) 4) 14 5 6. (3333), n = 4;
5 2 5 10
4
14. A man takes a step forward with probability 1
P  X  4  4c4  
0.4 and backward with probability 0.6. The 2
probability that at the end of eleven steps, he
is just one step away from the starting point 7. x   2  24; x . 2  128, x 2   2  8
is 8. x:3 2 1 0
1) 462(0.24)5 2) 368(0.24)5 y:0 1 2 3
3) 462(0.24)6 4) 368(0.24)6
Req. = P(X = 3) . P(Y = 0) + P(X = 2) .
15. A die is thrown 2n  1 times. The probability
P(X = 1) + P(X = 1) . P(X = 2) + P(X = 0) .
of getting 1 or 3 or 5 atmost n times is
P(X = 3)
1 1 n 1
1) 2) 3) 2n  1 4) 2n  1 9.   np,  2  npq
2 n    
16. A multiple choice examination has 5 3 3
n  2, p  ,q
questions. Each question has three alternative 6 6
answers of which exactly one is correct. The 10. 2  x  4  2
probability that a student will get 4 or more
2x6
correct answers just by guessing is
(Mains - 2013) Req.= p  x  2  p  x  3  p  x  4   p  x  5  p  x  6
11 10 17 13 31
1) 5 2) 5 3) 5 4) 5 11. 1  p 
5
;
3 3 3 3 32
17. A pair of fair dice is thrown independently
three times. The probability of getting a score 1
p
of exactly 9 twice is 2
1) 8/729 2) 8/243
3) 1/729 4) 8/9 1
12. p  , n  3
9
145
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

1 3 The correct matching is

13. q  , p  ,n  5
4 4 A B C
14. p  0.4, n  11, find p  x  6   p  x  5 1) 2 3 1
2) 4 2 3
15. p  x  1  p  x  3  ....  p  x  n 
3) 1 2 3
1 2 4) 3 1 1
16. n  5, p  , q 
3 3
4. Observe the following statements
17. Here n = 3, p = 1/9,
q = 8/9, p(x = 2) Assertion (A) : X is binomial variate with
1
LEVEL - IV parameters 2n + 1 and p =
2
then P(x = odd

1. Statement-I : A fair coin is tossed 100 times. 1

The probability of getting tails an odd number values) =
2
of times is 1/2
Reason (R) : If n
Statement-II : A fair coin is tossed 99 times. Cr  Cr then
The probability of getting tails an odd number
of times is 1/2 C1 + C3 + C5 + ...... = 2n–1. Then
Then which of the above statements are true. 1) A is false, R is true
1) only I 2) only II
3) both I and II 4) neither I nor II 2) A is true, R is true but R  A
2. For the binomial distribution 3) A is true, R is true and R  A
10 4) A is true, R is false
1 1
(q+p)n=    , if A=P(x=3), B=P(x = 6), C
2 2
= P(x = 9) then the ascending order of A, B, C
is LEVEL - IV - KEY
1) C, A, B 2) A, B, C 3) A, C, B 4) B, C, A
1) 3 2) 1 3) 4 4) 3
3. One hundred identical coins are thrown as each
coin has the probability of getting head as p.
Let x = number of coins showing heads then
match the following conditions with p value. LEVEL - IV - HINTS
1
A) P(x = 49) = P(x = 50) 1)
2 1. P (x = 1) + p(x = 3) + .......+ p(x = 99)
51 2. n = 10, p = 1/2, q = 1/2
B) P(x = 48) = P(x = 52) 2)
101

50 3. n  100, p  X  r   ncr q n r p r
C) P(x = r) = P(x = n – r) 3)
101

57
4. 
A : 2 n  1C1  2 n  1C3  ...... 212 n 1

1
2
4)
100
***
146