Lesson Note English For JSS 1

WEEK: ONE
CLASS: JSS ONE
SUBJECT: ENGLISH LANGUAGE
TOPICS: SPEECH WORK: INTRODUCTION TO SPEECH ORGANS
STRUCTURE: PARTS OF SPEECH – NOUNS (FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS IN A GIVEN PASSAGE);
COMPOSITION: MEANING AND TYPES OF COMPOSITION (NARRATIVE, DESCRIPTIVE,

ARGUMENTATIVE AND EXPOSITORY);
COMPREHENSION: READING: MY FIRST DAY AT SECONDARY SCHOOL
REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY F.

ADEOYE ADEMOLA ET. AL.
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE: the students have little knowledge about the topics.
BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: By the end of these lessons, the students should be able to:
I. Identify and explain the speech organs
II. Explain different types of noun
III. Write different types of composition correctly
IV. Answer comprehension questions
PRESENTATION
DAY ONE: INTRODUCTION TO SPEECH ORGANS
STEP ONE: The teacher revises the previous lesson by correcting the previous home work.
STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.
STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.
STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allows the students to ask questions.
STEP FIVE: the teacher gives note and marks the students’ notebooks
EVALUATION: The teacher asks the students to touch the following organs of speech
● The lips, the tongue, the teeth ridges
CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by summarizing the lesson.

ASSIGNMENT: list and explain the four parts of the tongue
CONTENT
Topic:Introduction to Speech Organs

The various organs which are involved in the production of speech sounds are called speech
organs (also known as vocal organs). The study of speech organs helps to determine the role of each
organ in the production of speech sounds. They include the lungs, the vocal folds, and most importantly
the articulators.
1.The Lungs
The airflow is by far the most vital requirement for producing speech sound since all speech
sounds are made with some movement of air. The lungs provide the energy source for the
airflow. The lungs are the spongy respiratory organs situated inside the rib cage. They expand
and contract as we breathe in and out air. The amount of air accumulated inside our lungs
controls the pressure of the airflow.
2. The Larynx & the Vocal Folds

The larynx is colloquially known as the voice box. It is a box-like small structure situated in the
front of the throat where there is a protuberance. For this reason,the larynx is popularly called
the Adam's apple.
The vocal folds are like a pair of lips placed horizontally from front to back. They are joined in
the front but can be separated at the back. The opening between them is called the glottis. The glottis
is considered to be in open state when the folds are apart, and when the folds are pressed
together the glottis is considered to be in close state.
3. The Articulators
Articulators transform the sound into intelligible speech. They can be either active or passive.
They include the pharynx, the teeth, the alveolar ridge behind them, the hard palate, the softer velum
behind it, the lips, the tongue, and the nose and its cavity.
(i) The Pharynx: The pharynx lies between the mouth and the food passage, that is, just above the larynx.
It is just about 7cm long in the case of women and 8cm long in the case of men.
(ii) The Roof of the Mouth: The roof of the mouth is considered as a major speech organ.
It is divided into three parts:
a. The Alveolar Ridge/Teeth Ridge: The alveolar ridge is situated immediately after the upper front teeth.
The sounds which are produced touching this convex part are called alveolar sounds. Some alveolar
sounds in English include: /t/d/.
b. The Hard Palate: The hard palate is the concave part of the roof of the mouth. It is situated on the
middle part of the roof.
c. The Velum or Soft Palate: The lower part of the roof of the mouth is called the soft palate. It could be
lowered or raised. When it is lowered, the air stream from the lungs has access to the nasal cavity. When
it is raised the passage to the nasal cavity is blocked. The sounds which are produced touching this area
with the back of the tongue are called velar sounds. For example:/k/g/.
(iii) The Lips: The lips also play an important role in the matter of articulation. They can be pressed
together or brought into contact with the teeth. The consonant sounds which are articulated by touching
two lips each other are called bilabial sounds.For example,/p/and/b/are bilabial sounds in English.
Whereas, the sounds which are produced with the lip to teeth contact are called
labio-dental sounds. In English, there are two labio-dental sounds:/f/and/v/.
(iv) The Teeth: The teeth are also very much helpful in producing various speech sounds. The sounds
which are made with the tongue touching the teeth are called dental sounds. Some examples of dental
sounds in English include: /0/ð/.
(v) The Tongue: The tongue is divided into four parts:
a. The tip: It is the extreme end of the tongue.
b. The blade: It lies opposite to the alveolar ridge.
c. The front: It lies opposite to the hard palate.
d. The back: It lies opposite to the soft palate or velum.
(vi) The Jaws: Some phoneticians consider the jaws as articulators since we move the lower jaw a lot
at the time of speaking. But it should be noted that the jaws are not articulators in the same way as
the others. The main reason is that they are incapable of making contact with other articulators by
themselves.
(vii) The Nose and the Nasal Cavity: The nose and its cavity may also be considered as speech organs.
The sounds which are produced with the nose are called nasal sounds.Some nasal sounds in English
include:/m/n/n/.
DAY TWO : NOUNS
STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allows the students to ask questions.
EVALUATION: write down10 examples of the types of nou.
CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by correcting the class activity.
ASSIGNMENT: write a short paragraph using at least five different types of noun.
CONTENT
A noun is a part of a sentence that identifies the places, things, ideas, people, events and other
objects. A noun is a naming word.
Types of Nouns
1. Common noun: refers to a noun that is speaking about something general or universal. Common
nouns are used to describe something generic. Some examples of common nouns are student,
doctor, author etc.
2.Proper noun: is the opposite of common noun. Proper nouns are used to identify specific people,
places or things and they are always indicated by capitalizing the first letter of the words.
Some examples of proper nouns are:
Abuja
Barbie
London
Note: Common nouns name general people, places, things and ideas while proper nouns name
specific people, places, things or ideas. As shown below
Common Nouns Proper Nouns
President Barack Obama

Teacher Mrs.Emmanuel
Brother Joe
3. Abstract Nouns: these are nouns that cannot be seen or touched but we can feel them,they also show
our emotion E.g. Happy, Joy, Sorrow etc.
4. Collective Nouns: refers to groups of people or things E.g. Audience,Family,Team etc.
5. Concrete Noun: is a noun which refers to people and things thatexist physically and can be seen,
touched, heard or tasted. Examples include Dog, Tree,Beach,etc.
Functions of nouns
● Subject: this the noun that performs the action in a sentence. This is the doer of an action.
● Object: this the noun that receives the action in a sentence. That is the receiver of an action in a
sentence
● Complement: this is the noun that completes the meaning of a sentence.
DAY THREE: MEANING AND TYPES OF COMPOSITION
STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask questions.
EVALUATION: Explain the types of composition in your own words.
ASSIGNMENT: write a composition on the topic ‘ my first day in secondary school’
CONTENT
Topic: Meaning and Types of Composition
A composition is the way a writer arranges his words and sentences to produce a
coherent and meaningful work. This is also defined as the activity of writing. Writing a
composition involves planning. A plan helps you to organize your ideas very well. It also serves
as a basic outline of your composition.
How to Plan a Composition
● Study the topic carefully.
● Spend some time brainstorming on the subject.
● Write down your thoughts about the topic.
● To avoid irrelevant points, form an outline and stick to it.
● An outline is the main points you want to write about.
● Every composition must be written in paragraphs.
Types of Composition
Basically,there are four(4) types of composition and they are:
1. Narrative Composition: This is also known as Narrative Essay. It is an essay in which
you tell the story or give an account of what has happened. The story could be a true
one or it could be one that you only made up. Example: How I Spent My Summer
Holiday, A Journey I will Never Forget.
2. Descriptive Composition: This is also called Descriptive Essay. It is one written to give
the reader a mental picture of a person, place or object. That is to say, giving a
descriptive essay on a person, place or object, the reader should be able to have a good
picture of the person, place or object in his or her mind. Example: Myself, My School.
3. Expository Composition: This can also be called Expository Essay. It is an organized
piece of prose which explains a specific topic or set of ideas to a defined audience.
Example:How to Prepare My Favourite meal, How My Best Game is Played.
4. Argumentative Composition: This can also be called Argumentative Essay. It is an essay
written to prove that one opinion is superior to some other opinion.In other words,it is
an essay written to persuade the reader to accept one opinion and reject some other
opinion. Example: The Dry Season is Preferable to the Rainy Season in Nigeria.
DAY FOUR: reading : MY FIRST DAY AT SECONDARY SCHOOL
STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask questions.
EVALUATION: the teacher asks the students to answer the comprehension questions in their
notebooks while she marks.
ASSIGNMENT: answer the summary questions underneath the passage (page 6 ).
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Underline the nouns in the following sentences and state their kind.
1. The book was lying on the table.
2. Love begets love.
3. We cannot live without water.
4. The jury has given its verdict.
5. The Hindus regard Krishna as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu.
6. Alcohol is injurious to health.
7. Smoking is a bad habit.
8. Wild animals live in forests.
9. The childhood of Peter was full of misery.
10. All the girls were singing.
11. Gold is a precious metal.
12. Rice is the staple food of South Indians.
13. The earth moves around the sun.
14. Mankind should love nature.
15. We get wool from sheep.
THEORY
1.Describe the role of the larynx in speech production.
2. Identify and explain the functions of three key speech organs.

3. Provide examples of how nouns serve different roles, such as subjects, objects, or complements, in a
specific text.
4. Differentiate between the four types of composition: narrative, descriptive, argumentative, and
expository.
5. Discuss how the presence and function of nouns can affect the clarity and coherence of a passage.
WEEK: TWO
CLASS: JSS 1
TOPICS: Speech Work: Vowels – Introduction to Monophthong (Long and short vowel e.g.
/i:/,/i/);
i. Structure: Verbs – Meaning, Types and Functions of Verbs (in a given passage);
ii. Composition: Elements of Composition – Introduction, Body, Conclusion;
iii. Comprehension
REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY

F. ADEOYE ADEMOLA ET. AL.
PRESENTATION
DAY ONE:
STEP FOUR: the teacher gives enough examples on the topic and allow the students to ask
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY TWO
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY THREE
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY FOUR
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
WEEK: THREE
CLASS: JSS 1
TOPICS: Speech Work: Vowel sounds - long and short contd.
i. Structure: Adverb (Meaning and Types of Adverb: Frequency, Manner, Time , Purpose etc.);
ii. Composition: Writing Outline, (Arrangement of outline in a logical sequence);
iii.Comprehension: Reading for supporting ideas;
REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY

F. ADEOYE ADEMOLA ET. AL.
PRESENTATION
DAY ONE:
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY TWO
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY THREE
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:
DAY FOUR
questions.
EVALUATION:
ASSIGNMENT:

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WEEK: ONE

CLASS: JSS ONE

SUBJECT: ENGLISH LANGUAGE

TOPICS: SPEECH WORK: INTRODUCTION TO SPEECH ORGANS

STRUCTURE: PARTS OF SPEECH – NOUNS (FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS IN A GIVEN PASSAGE);

COMPOSITION: MEANING AND TYPES OF COMPOSITION (NARRATIVE, DESCRIPTIVE,

REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY F.

I. Identify and explain the speech organs

II. Explain different types of noun

III. Write different types of composition correctly

IV. Answer comprehension questions

DAY ONE: INTRODUCTION TO SPEECH ORGANS

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

● The lips, the tongue, the teeth ridges

CONCLUSION: the teacher concludes the lesson by summarizing the lesson.

Topic:Introduction to Speech Organs

2. The Larynx & the Vocal Folds

DAY TWO : NOUNS

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

EVALUATION: write down10 examples of the types of nou.

President Barack Obama

DAY THREE: MEANING AND TYPES OF COMPOSITION

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

EVALUATION: Explain the types of composition in your own words.

DAY FOUR: reading : MY FIRST DAY AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

STEP TWO: the teacher introduces the topic.

STEP THREE: the teacher explains the topic.

1. The book was lying on the table.

2. Love begets love.

3. We cannot live without water.

4. The jury has given its verdict.

5. The Hindus regard Krishna as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu.

6. Alcohol is injurious to health.

7. Smoking is a bad habit.

8. Wild animals live in forests.

9. The childhood of Peter was full of misery.

10. All the girls were singing.

11. Gold is a precious metal.

12. Rice is the staple food of South Indians.

13. The earth moves around the sun.

14. Mankind should love nature.

15. We get wool from sheep.

1.Describe the role of the larynx in speech production.

2. Identify and explain the functions of three key speech organs.

REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY

REFERENCE: NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH FOR JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS ONE BY

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