CAE Chapter2
CAE Chapter2
CAE Chapter2
2.1 Review
Con of Structure Analysis (1)
2.1 Review
Con of Structure Analysis (2)
2.1.1 The Impact of the Digital Computer on Structural
Analysis Procedures
The basic principles employed in the matrix theory of structural analysis were
discovered in the 19th century.
2.1 Review
Con of Structure Analysis (3)
The advent of the electronic digital computer has removed the obstacle
previously presented by large numbers of simultaneous equations.
(Computer analysis of structures using matrix methods)
CHAPTER 2
b) Compatibility in deformation.
Both methods are based on the fact that a structure must simultaneously
satisfy two sets of conditions while the material in the structure satisfies known
stress-strain relationships. The conditions are:
The flexibility method generally involves considerably less calculation than the
stiffness method. Generally, fewer simultaneous equations need be solved for
the flexibility method than for the stiffness method. (For large problems the
difference is insignificant).
For these reasons, the flexibility method is usually better suited to hand
calculation methods. This is why most hand calculation structural analysis
“methods” of the past have been special cases of the flexibility method.
CHAPTER 2
1
δ= F
k
F = k ⋅δ
{F } = [K ]⋅ {δ }
Case 2
Force F2 applied at end B.
End A is fixed.
(b)
F2b = ku 2 = − F1b
(c)
CHAPTER 2
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
CHAPTER 2
Case 1
F1 = k a u1
F2 = − F1
F3 = 0
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 2 Stiffness
2.2 Concept Analysis
of Stiffness in Spring System (8)
Case 2
F2 = (k a + k b ) ⋅ u 2
F1 = −k a u 2 (equilibrium of spring a)
F3 = −k b u 2 (equilibrium of spring b)
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 2 Stiffness
2.2 Concept Analysis
of Stiffness in Spring System (9)
Case 3
F3 = k b u 3
F2 = − F3
F1 = 0
CHAPTER 2
ka − ka 0
[K ] = − ka k a + kb − kb (A)
0 − kb kb
The term in location ii consists of the sum of the direct stiffness of all the
elements meeting at node i.
The term in location ij consists of the sum of the indirect stiffnesses relating
to nodes i and j of all the elements joining node i to node j.
CHAPTER 2
u 2
{F1 } = [− k a 0] ⋅
u 3
F2 k a + k b − k b u 2
= ⋅
F3 − k b k b u 3