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JAVASCRIPT
Array Methods
()

A comprehensive guide
 Overview

JavaScript arrays are versatile data structures

that allow you to store multiple values in a
single variable.

Arrays come with a rich set of built-in methods

that make it easy to manipulate, search, and
transform data.

Understanding these methods is key to writing

efficient and clean code.

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Common Array methods

.push() .filter() .every()

. pop() .reduce() .split()

.shift() .find() .reverse()

.unshift() .findIndex() .join()

.slice() .includes()

.splice() .concat()

.forEach() .sort()

.map() .some()

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 .push() & .pop()
.push(): Adds one or more elements to the end
of an array and returns the new length of the
array.

orange gets added to the array

.pop(): Removes the last element from an array

and returns that element.

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 .shift() & .unshift()
.shift(): Removes the first element from an array
and returns that element.

apple removed from the beginning of the array

.unshift(): Adds one or more elements to the

beginning of an array and returns the new
length of the array.

mango added to the beginning of the array

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 .slice()

.slice(): Returns a shallow copy of a portion of

an array into a new array object. It does not
modify the original array.

The first argument specifies the starting index,

and the second argument specifies the ending
index (not included in the result).

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 .splice()

.splice(): Changes the contents of an array by

removing, replacing, or adding elements.

The first argument specifies the index at which to

start changing the array, the second argument
specifies the number of elements to remove, and
the subsequent arguments specify the elements to
add.

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 .forEach()

.forEach(): Executes a provided function once

for each array element.

This method doesn't return anything; it's mainly

used for iterating over arrays.

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 .map()
.map(): creates a new array by applying a
provided function to each element of an
existing array. It does not change the original
array; instead, it returns a new array where each
element is the result of the function applied to
the corresponding element in the original array.

Returns a new array, leaving the original array

unchanged. This is particularly useful when you
need to transform every element in an array.

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 .filter()
.filter(): Creates a new array filled with
elements that pass a test provided by a
function. It iterates over each element in the
original array, applying the test (callback
function) to each element.

callback: A function that is called for each

element in the array. It takes up to three
arguments:
element: The current element being processed in
the array.
index (optional): The index of the current element
being processed.
array (optional): The array filter() was called upon.
newArray: The new array containing the elements
that passed the test.

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 Example:

In this example, the filter() method is used to create

a new array, evenNumbers, containing only the
even numbers from the original numbers array.

The callback function checks if each number is

divisible by 2 (number % 2 === 0).

If the condition is true, the number is included in

the evenNumbers array.

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 .reduce()
.reduce(): Executes a reducer function on each
element of the array, resulting in a single output
value. Syntax:

Example:

The reduce() method sums up all the elements in

the numbers array. The accumulator starts at 0
(provided as the initialValue), and each element is
added to this accumulator until all elements have
been processed.

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 .find() & .findIndex()
.find(): Returns the value of the first element in
the array that satisfies the provided testing
function. If no values satisfy the testing
function, undefined is returned.

.findIndex(): Returns the index of the first

element in the array that satisfies the provided
testing function. If no values satisfy the testing
function, -1 is returned.

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 .includes() & .concat()
.includes(): Determines whether an array
includes a certain value among its entries,
returning true or false.

.concat(): Merges two or more arrays into one. It

does not change the existing arrays but instead
returns a new array.

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 .sort()
.sort(): Sorts the elements of an array in place and
returns the array. The default sort order is built upon
converting the elements into strings, then comparing
their sequences of UTF-16 code units values.

To sort numbers correctly, you often need to provide a

compare function:

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 .reverse(), .join(), .split()
.reverse(): Reverses the order of the elements in an
array in place and returns the array.

.join(): Joins all elements of an array into a string and

returns this string. You can specify a separator to insert
between the elements.

.split(): Splits a string into an array of substrings, and

returns the new array. This method is the opposite of
join().

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 .some()
.some(): Checks if at least one element in the array
passes a test (provided as a function). If it finds an
element for which the provided function returns true, it
immediately returns true and stops. Otherwise, it
returns false.

In this example, some() checks if there are any even

numbers in the numbers array. Since 2 and 4 are even,
it returns true.
This is particularly useful when you want to know if any
element in an array meets a particular condition.

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 .every()
.every(): Checks if all elements in the array pass a test
(provided as a function). If all elements pass the test, it
returns true. If any element fails the test, it returns
false and stops.

In this example, every() checks if all the numbers in the

array are even. Since they are, it returns true.

This is particularly useful when you want to know if all

element in an array meets a particular condition.

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 Combining Array Methods for
Powerful Data Manipulation
Array methods can be chained together to perform
complex data manipulations with minimal code.

Here is an example:
You have an array named products that contains
objects representing different products. Each product
has a name, price, and inStock status.

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 Explanation:

The filter() method is used to create a new array

that only includes products that are both in stock
(inStock: true) and have a price greater than $50
(price > 50).

The reduce() method then takes the filtered array

and sums up the prices of the remaining products.
The acc variable accumulates the total price,
starting at 0.

The totalPrice variable will hold the sum of the

prices of the products that passed the filter. In this
case, the Laptop ($999) and Monitor ($150) are both
in stock and cost more than $50, so their prices are
added together.

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