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BIOLOGY (Theory)
57/S/1 1 P.T.O.
सामा यिर्
ख त ् ो ा ो र न ोा ाख ो ि :
(i) इस - म33 सभी अिरवाय
(ii) - पाचत ड म ा ि –त डक, ख, ग, घ ं ङ।
(iii) ख डक– सं ा1से16 ोब ो ी ोा ोे ो
े 1अों ोा
(iv) ख डख– सं ा17से21 ोअ खघ-ु न ी ोा ोे ो
े 2अों ोा
(v) ख डग– सं ा22से28 ोखघ-ु न ी ोा ोे ो ं ोा
े 3अो
(vi) ख डघ– सं ा29 था30ोे स-आधा ो े 4अो
ं ोा इ न - मसे
ोन - मआं ो ो ोाच ् ाग ा
(vii) ख डङ– सं ा31से33 ो्ीघ-न ी ोा ोे ेो 5अो ं ोा
(viii) - मसम ो ् ाग ा , त डत,ग थाघमआं ो ो ोा ा धा
् ाग ा ी ाथ ो इ मसे ोसीएक ोान खत ा
(ix) ा ् ो बा ध ी ा थ ोे ख अखग -
(x) ि ाो आ ो , साफ-सथु े र न च से ामां ो च ब ा िा ेचा
ख डक
सं ा1से16 ोब ो ी ोा ोे 1अो
ं ोे 16´1=16
1. कुछ पौध म पर गकण लंबे फ े जैसे हो े ह :
(A) जलीय पौधे (B) व य-ु पर ग घ स
(C) ज नो पम अन वृ बीजी) (D) प ी-पर ग पु प
2. इस ं र ए ोजन व कय ज है :
(A) पी पंड कॉपस यु यम)
(B) फ पु क क क णक मय पर ि ली)
(C) पीयषू ं
(D) जनन ए प ी लयम
57/S/1 2
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Question paper is divided into five sections – Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) Section A – questions number 1 to 16 are multiple choice type questions. Each question
carries 1 mark.
(iv) Section B – questions number 17 to 21 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries 2 marks.
(v) Section C – questions number 22 to 28 are short answer type questions. Each question
carries 3 marks.
(vi) Section D – questions number 29 and 30 are case-based questions. Each question
carries 4 marks. Each question has subparts with internal choice in one of the
subparts.
(vii) Section E – questions number 31 to 33 are long answer type questions. Each question
carries 5 marks.
(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in
Sections B, C and D of the question paper. A candidate has to write answer for only
one of the alternatives in such questions.
(ix) Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually Impaired candidates.
(x) Wherever necessary, neat and properly labelled diagrams should be drawn.
SECTION A
Questions no. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice Type Questions, carrying 1 mark each. 16´1=16
1. Long ribbon-like pollen grains are seen in some :
(A) Aquatic plants (B) Wind-pollinated grasses
(C) Gymnosperms (D) Bird-pollinated flowers
2. Estrogen is secreted by :
(A) Corpus luteum
(B) Membrane granulosa of Graafian follicle
(C) Pituitary gland
(D) Germinal epithelium
57/S/1 3 P.T.O.
3. उ बवेधन एक कनीक है जसक उपयोग कय ज है :
(A) दय के कसी रोग को करने के लए
(B) णू के कसी भी आनवु ं क वक र को करने के लए
(C) म क के कसी भी वक र को करने के लए
(D) अ नम ण म कसी अपस म य क पहा न करने के लए
6. Which one of the following options gives the correct temperature condition and
the mixture of the gaseous components that were used by S.L. Miller in 1953 to
prove abiogenesis of life ?
(A) CH4, H2, NO2 and water vapour at 1800 °C
(B) CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapour at 1800 °C
(C) CO2, H2, NH3 and water vapour at 800 °C
(D) CH4, H2, NH3 and water vapour at 800 °C
57/S/1 5 P.T.O.
7. म नव म म छर-व ह रोग जसके क रण लसीक व हक ओ ं म दीघक लक ो हो ज है, वह
है :
(A) लीपद एलीफ ीए सस)
(B) ऐ के रस ऐ के रए सस)
(C) द द रंगवम)
(D) अमीब अमी बए सस)
8. न न ल त म से कौन-स जीव मृद से फॉ फोरस के अव ोषण म प दप क सह य कर है ?
(A) ख मस (B) ाइज ब म
(C) ोा (D) ऐ ाबी ा
9. म नव क सव धक आ पवू ज है :
(A) म ब खस (B) ओ े ख थेोस
(C) ामा थेोस (D) म डं थेख सस
10. वह अनु म जो संव हक म जो े गए डीएनए के प क सं य क नयं ण कर है, उसे कह े
ह:
(A) वरणयो य ा क (B) Ori ल
(C) पै ल ो मक अनु म (D) पहा न ल
11. कुछ जीव णओ ु ं र न म बी ी (Bt) जीव वष के रवे ल) उसक नम ण करने व ले
जीव णओ
ु ं को नह म र े य क :
(A) जीव णु जीव वष के रोधी हो े ह
(B) जीव वष अप रप व हो है
(C) जीव वष न य प म हो है
(D) जीव णु ‘जीव वष’ को एक व षे पु ी कै सल ू ) म आवृ रत है
12. सम य क प र प रक य जसम एक ज को ह न हो ी है दसू री ज अ भ व रह ी है,
को कह े ह :
(A) अं रज ीय परजी व एमे से ल म)
(B) सहभो ज कम से ल म)
(C) परजी व
(D) परभ ण
57/S/1 6
7. The mosquito-borne disease in humans causing chronic inflammation of the
lymphatic vessels is :
(A) Elephantiasis
(B) Ascariasis
(C) Ringworm
(D) Amoebiasis
8. In plants, which one of the following helps in the absorption of phosphorus from
soil ?
(A) Glomus (B) Rhizobium
(C) Frankia (D) Anabaena
9. The most primitive ancestor of humans is :
(A) Homo habilis (B) Australopithecus
(C) Ramapithecus (D) Homo neanderthalensis
10. The sequence that controls the copy number of linked DNA in the vector is
termed :
(A) Selectable marker (B) Ori site
(C) Palindromic sequence (D) Recognition site
11. Crystals of Bt toxin produced by some bacteria, do not kill the bacteria producing
them because :
(A) bacteria are resistant to the toxin
(B) toxin is immature
(C) toxin is inactive
(D) bacteria encloses ‘toxin’ in a special capsule
12. The population interaction where one species is harmed and the other is
unaffected is :
(A) Amensalism
(B) Commensalism
(C) Parasitism
(D) Predation
57/S/1 7 P.T.O.
सं ा13से16ोे ख , ् ोथ ् ग – ि म ोो अ ोथ (A) था्स े ो ोा ण(R)
ा ाअं ो ो ाग ा इ ोे स ीन ीचे ् ग ो ड (A), (B), (C) र (D) मसे चु ो
्ी ि
(A) अ भक न (A) और क रण (R) दोन सही ह और क रण (R), अ भक न (A) क सही
य य कर है
(B) अ भक न (A) और क रण (R) दोन सही ह, पर ु क रण (R), अ भक न (A) क सही
य य रह कर है
(C) अ भक न (A) सही है, पर ु क रण (R) ल है
(D) अ भक न (A) ल है, पर ु क रण (R) सही है
57/S/1 8
For Questions number 13 to 16, two statements are given — one labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the
codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
13. Assertion (A) : Periodic abstinence is a method in which couples avoid coitus
from day 10 to 17 of menstrual cycle.
Reason (R) : Periodic abstinence has limited effectiveness because menstrual
cycles are not always regular.
16. Assertion (A) : Gross primary productivity is always less than net primary
productivity.
Reason (R) : Rate of synthesis of organic matter by consumers is known as
secondary productivity.
57/S/1 9 P.T.O.
ख डख
(त) आ वक जीव व न म मल
ू स स ल डो म ) य ब है ? एक ऐस उद हरण
ल तए जह यह ल गू नह हो 2
57/S/1 10
SECTION B
17. State the cellular nature and functions of myometrium and endometrium. 2
‘A’
‘B’® mRNA
DNA ¾¾¾ ‘C’® protein
¾¾¾
(b) What does the Central dogma state in molecular biology ? Write an
example where it is not applicable. 2
20. Why is making host cells ‘competent’ essential for rDNA technology ? Mention
any two ways by which this can be achieved. 2
21. (a) Comment on the interaction between a fig tree and wasp. Mention the
phenomenon that operates in their relationship. 2
OR
(b) Explain “brood parasitism” with the help of an example. 2
57/S/1 11 P.T.O.
ख डग
22. नीाे दए गए आरे त म म नव ी के जनन ं के एक भ ग को द य गय है
Z
Y X
प म
Gen - 1
पी ी O AB
Gen - II 1
O A AA
Gen - III 2 3
Y X
Father Mother
Gen- I
Generation O AB
Gen - II 1
O A AA
Gen - III 2 3
(a) Mention the blood group along with the genotype of the offspring
numbered ‘1’ in Generation II.
(b) Write the possible blood groups along with their genotypes of the
offsprings numbered ‘2’ and ‘3’ in Generation III. 3
57/S/1 13 P.T.O.
24. (क) अं रण आरएनए (tRNA) क अनल
ु ेतन करने के लए उ रद यी एं इम क उ लेत
क जए
25. वक स क य व ध के संबंध म ड वन डी ी र क गई य य म अं र प क जए
कोई ीन अं र ल तए 3
27. न न ल त के बीा अं र प क जए : 3
(क) ा रण त ंत
ृ ल अपरद त ंत
ृ ल कोई ीन अं र)
(त) त पर मड ऊ व धर पर मड) उ पर मड कोई ीन अं र)
(त) उ णक बंधीय े म ज ीय व वध क र सव धक य हो है ? ीन क रण दे े हए
य य क जए 3
57/S/1 14
24. (a) Name the enzyme responsible for the transcription of tRNA.
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of an initiator tRNA charged with its respective
amino acid.
(c) Explain the role of the initiator tRNA in initiation of protein synthesis. 3
25. Differentiate between the explanations given by Darwin and de Vries respectively
on the mechanism of evolution. Write any three differences. 3
(b) Describe the procedure of such a therapy that could be a permanent cure for
a genetic disease. Name the genetic disease. 3
(a) Grazing food chain and Detritus food chain (Any three differences)
28. (a) (i) What are “biodiversity hotspot” regions ? Mention any two criteria
used for determining any region as a “hotspot”.
57/S/1 15 P.T.O.
ख ड
सं ा29 था30ोे स-आधा ेो ोे 3न - िसोे ोन - मआं ो
ो ् ाग ा
29. न न ल त प र छेद को प कर नीाे दए गए के उ र दी जए 4
ड य.ू आबर र 1962 म जीव णु से सव म बंधन एडं ो यू लए को पृ क कय गय
व बंधन एडं ो यू लए क उपयोग करके आनवु ं क पद डीएनए म ह कौ ल र
व ं छ जीन क सम वे न अ व पन कय ज सक है प रण म : पनु य गज डीएनए
(rDNA) क नम ण हो है यह जैव- ौ ो गक के मत ु ारण म से एक है
(क) सव म पृ क कए गए बंधन एडं ो यू लए क न म ल तए इन बं ध न
एडं ो यू लए को इस क र य पकु र ज है ? 1
(त) ईको आर I (EcoRI) र पहा ने ज ने व ल पै लं ोम ल तए 1
(ग) (i) बंधन एडं ो यू लए कै से क य कर है ? य य क जए 2
अथवा
(ग) (ii) एक उद हरण क सह य से बधं न एडं ो यू लए के न मकरण क परंपर ल तए 2
30. न न ल त प र छेद को प कर नीाे दए गए के उ र दी जए 4
बह बरु ी रह छ क े हए एक व र ठ व जसक आत से प नी बह रह और स स लेने म
द क हो रही ी, को उसके म व लय के ा क स क म ले गए ा क स क क
प रा रक ने पछू क य हआ उनम से एक व ने कह “फु बॉल मैा के ब द हम लोग
पसीने से रब र े हम रे कसी एक म ने हम लोग के ऊपर नगधी क रक डओडर ) े कर
दय नगधी क रक डओडर ) े करने के रु ं ब द इस व र ठ ल के को इस क र के ल ण
उ प न हो गए ”
(क) व म प रल यह ल ण कसके साू क ह ? समि इए 1
(त) इस क र अनु य के क रक/क रण क संपु कस क र क ज सक ी है ? 1
(ग) (i) इस क र क अनु य ओ ं के लए उ रद यी हम रे रीर म मौजदू को क ओ ं
उनके र उ प न रस यन के न म ल तए इस क र के अ भल ण संवदे न ील )
को कम करने व ली क ह दो औष धय स) के न म ल तए 2
अथवा
(ग) (ii) ‘आधु नक समय म नगर क जनसं य म लोग म इस क र क संवदे न ील म वृ
हई है ’ य आप इस क न से सहम ह ? अपने उ र के सम न म ीन क रण
ल तए 2
57/S/1 16
SECTION D
Questions No. 29 and 30 are case-based questions. Each question has 3 sub-questions
with internal choice in one sub-question.
29. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. 4
Restriction endonuclease was isolated for the first time by W. Arber in 1962, in
bacteria. DNA, the genetic material can be manipulated by addition or
substitution of the desired gene by using a specific restriction endonuclease
resulting in rDNA. This is one of the major steps in biotechnology.
(a) Name the first isolated restriction endonuclease. Why are restriction
endonucleases so called ? 1
(b) Write the palindrome recognised by EcoRI. 1
(c) (i) How does restriction endonuclease function ? Explain. 2
OR
(c) (ii) Write the convention for naming a restriction endonuclease with the
help of an example. 2
30. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. 4
A senior student, sneezing very badly, with watery eyes and having difficulty in
breathing was brought to the school medical room by his fellow friends. The
medical room nurse enquired as to what had happened. One of the students said
“after the football match we all were sweating profusely, one of our friends
sprayed deodorant on us. Soon after the deodorant was sprayed on the senior boy,
the symptoms appeared.”
(a) What are the symptoms seen in the student indicative of ? Elaborate. 1
(b) State how the cause of such responses can be confirmed. 1
(c) (i) Name the cells in our body and the chemicals produced by them that
are responsible for such reactions. Name any two drugs used to reduce
these symptoms. 2
OR
(c) (ii) ‘In recent times there is a rise in such reactions amongst urban human
population.’ Do you agree ? Give three reasons in support of your
answer. 2
57/S/1 17 P.T.O.
ख डङ
(i) मक उपा र
57/S/1 18
SECTION E
31. (a) (i) Draw a labelled diagram of a fertilised embryo sac of an
angiosperm. (label any four parts)
(ii) Explain double fertilisation in angiospermic plant. 5
OR
(b) (i) Draw a labelled diagram of a cross-section of human seminiferous
tubule. (label any four parts)
(ii) Explain the hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis. 5
32. (a) (i) Absence of lactose in the culture medium affects the expression of
lac operon in E. coli. Why and how ? Explain.
(ii) Write any two ways in which the gene expression is regulated in
eukaryotes. 5
OR
(b) (i) By taking two suitable traits in a pea plant, work out a dihybrid cross
up to F2 generation.
(ii) State the Mendel’s law derived from such a crossonly. 5
33. (a) Describe the process of wastewater (sewage) treatment under the following
heads : 5
(i) Primary treatment
(ii) Secondary treatment
OR
(b) (i) Explain the sequence of events occurring in a biogas plant.
(ii) Write the components of biogas.
(iii) Write any three advantages of using cow dung as the raw material. 5
57/S/1 19 P.T.O.
Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior Secondary School Supplementary Examination, 2024
SUBJECT NAME: BIOLOGY ( SUBJECT CODE-044 , PAPER CODE-57/S/1)
General Instructions: -
1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To
avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand
the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the
life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone,
publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action
under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be
done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme
should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers
which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be
assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-
XII, while evaluating two competency-based questions, please try to understand given
answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme but correct competency is
enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers.These are in the
nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have
their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded
accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator
on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in
the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after
ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks
should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
खण्ड क
1 (A) / जलीय पौधे 1 1
2 (B) / ग्राफी पुटक की कणिकामय परत (णिल्ली) 1 1
3 (B) / भ्रूि के णकसी भी आनुवंणिक णवकार को ज्ञात करने के णलए 1 1
4 (D) / डाउन णसंडरोम 1 1
5 (A) / AUG 1 1
6 (D) / CH4, H2, NH3 तथा जल वाष्प 800°C पर 1 1
7 (A) / श्लीपद (एलेफ़ेंणियणसस) 1 1
8 (A) / ग्लोमस 1 1
9 (C) / रामाणपथेकस 1 1
10 (B) / Ori स्थल 1 1
11 (C) / जीवणवष णनष्क्रिय रूप म़ें होता है 1 1
12 (A) / अंतजाा तीय परजीणवता (एमेन्सणलज्म) 1 1
13 (B) / अणभकथन (A) और कारि (R) दोनों सही हैं , परन्तु कारि (R), अणभकथन 1 1
(A) की सही व्याख्या नहीं करता है ।
14 (A) / अणभकथन (A) और कारि (R) दोनों सही हैं और कारि (R), अणभकथन (A) 1 1
की सही व्याख्या करता है ।
15 (B) / अणभकथन (A) और कारि (R) दोनों सही हैं , परन्तु कारि (R), अणभकथन 1 1
(A) की सही व्याख्या नहीं करता है ।
16 (D) / अणभकथन (A) ग़लत है , परन्तु कारि (R) सही है ।. 1 1
खण्ड ख
21 (क)
• सहोपकाररता दिाा ता है जैसे णक मादा बरा फल को न केवल अंडणनक्षेपि
(अंडे दे ने) के णलए काम म़ें लेती है ; बष्क्रि फल के भीतर ही वृष्क्रद् कर ½ x3
रहे बीजों को णडं बकों (लावी) के पोषि के णलए प्रयोग करती है , अंडे
दे ने के णलए उपयु क्त स्थल की तलाि करते हुए बरा अंजीर पुष्पक्रम
(इनफ्लोरे स़ेंस) को पराणगत करती है ।
• ‘सह-णवकास’ ½
अथवा
खण्ड ग
22 (क) ‘Y’- िालर (णफंब्री)
½+½
अंडोत्सगा के दौरान अंडािय से उत्सणजात अंडािु को संग्रह करने म़ें
सहायक होते हैं
(ख) ‘Z’- संकीिा पथ (इस्थमस)
½+½
तूतक (मोरूला) बनाने के णलए युग्मनज म़ें समसू त्री णवभाजन (णवदलन /
क्लीवेज) की िुरूआत हो जाती है
(ग)
• अधासूत्री णवभाजन के पूवाा वस्था-I (प्रोफेज-I) ½+½ 3
• प्राथणमक अंडक (प्राइमरी ऊसाइटस)
23 (a) संतणत 1
रुणधर वगा -A जीनोटाइप – IAi, रुणधर वगा –B जीनोटाइप -IBi ½+½
(b) संतणत 2
रुणधर वगा -A जीनोटाइप – IAi, रुणधर वगा – O जीनोटाइप -ii ½+½
(c) संतणत 3
रुणधर वगा -A जीनोटाइप – IAi, IAIA ½
½
रुणधर वगा -AB जीनोटाइप – IAIB
3
(1/2 अंक तभी दिया जाये यदि रक्त समू ह उसके संभादवत
जीनोटाइप के साथ सही है )
½+½
(½ अंक सही प्रकूट (एं टीकोडान) तथा ½ अंक सही अमीनो अम्ल के
णलए )
3
(ग) यह प्रारं भक प्रकूट (AUG) की पहिान करता है और दू त आरएनए 1
(mRNA) से बंधता है
25 डाणवान णवकास डीवेरीज़ णवकास
णवकास क्रमबद् होता है णवकास णविाल उत्पररवतान का बड़ा
कदम (साल्टे िन) बताया।
प्राकृणतक िुनाव और णवणवधताएूँ जो डीवेरीज़ के अनुसार उत्पररवतान ही
णक वंिागत होती हैं , प्रजाणत प्रजाणत (स्पीिीज) की उत्पणि का
(स्पीिीज) की उत्पणि का कारि है । कारि है ।
णवणवधताएूँ छोटी-छोटी और णदिावान उत्पररवतान यादृष्क्रिक और णदिाहीन 1x3
है । है ।
यह णसद्ां त प्राकृणतक िुनाव पर यह णसद्ां त उत्पररवतान पर आधाररत
आधाररत है है
(कोई तीन अंतर) 3
26 (क) जीन णिणकत्सा म़ें उन णवणधयों का सहयोग लेते हैं णजनके िारा णकसी
बच्चे /भ्रूि म़ें णिणित णकए गए जीन दोषों का सुधार णकया जाता है । 1
(ख )
अथवा
(ख) उष्ण कणटबंध क्षेत्र लाखों वषों से अपेक्षाकृत अबाणधत रहा है इसी कारि
जाणत णवकास तथा णवणवधता के णलए बहुत समय णमला, उष्ण कणटबंध पयाा वरि
मौसमीय पररवतान दिाा ता है यह ष्क्रस्थर पयाा वरि णनकेत णवणिष्टीकरि
(णनकस्पेणिएलाइजेिन) को प्रोत्साणहत करता रहा, उष्ण कणटबंध क्षेत्रों म़ें अणधक 1x3 3
सौर ऊजाा उपलब्ध है णजससे उत्पादन अणधक होता है ।
(ख)-इनके प्रणत बनने वाली प्रणतरणक्षयाूँ IgE िारा/एलजी का कारि जानने के णलए
1
रोगी को संभाणवत एलजानों की बहुत ही थोड़ी सी मात्रा टीके िारा दी जाती है और
प्रणतणक्रया का अध्ययन णकया जाता है ।
(ग) (i)
• मास्ट कोणिका ½
• णहस्टै णमन और सीरोटोणनन ½+½
½
• प्रणतणहस्टै णमन, एडर ीनेणलन और स्टीराइड
(कोई िो)
अथवा
(ग) (ii) हाूँ , आधुणनक जीवन िैली के फलस्वरूप लोगों म़ें प्रणतरक्षा का घटना,
½ x4
एलजानों के प्रणत संवेदनिीलता का बढ़ना, बच्चों के प्रारं णभक जीवनकाल म़ें उन्ह़ें बहुत
रणक्षत पयाा वरि म़ें रखना । 4
½x4
(ii) - एक नर युग्मक अंड कोणिका के साथ संगणलत होता है , णजसके पररिाम म़ें
½+½
एक णिगुणित कोणिका युग्मनज (जाइगोट) की रिना होती है ।
- दू सरा नर युग्मक क़ेंद्रीय कोणिका म़ें ष्क्रस्थत दो ध्रुवीय न्युक्ली (क़ेंणद्रकी) से ½+½
संगणलत होता है , णजसे णत्रसंलयन कहा जाता है ।
- िूूँणक एक भ्रूि पुटी (भ्रूिकोि) म़ें दो प्रकार के संलयन (संगलन), युग्मकसंलयन 1
तथा णत्रसंलयन हैं अतः इस पररघटना को दोहरा णनषेिन कहा जाता है ।
अथवा
(ख) (i)
½x4
32. (क) (i) लैक्टोज प्रेरक की तरह काया करता है , इसकी अनुपष्क्रस्थणत म़ें दमनकारी प्रोटीन 1+1
प्रिालेक स्थल से बंध जाता है
1
आरएनए पॉलीमरे ज को णनष्क्रिय कर दे ता है णजससे प्रिालेक अनुलेष्क्रखत नहीं हो पाता
अथवा
(ii) यह णनयम कहता है णक जब णकसी संकर म़ें लक्षिों के दो जोड़े णलए जाते हैं तो
णकसी एक जोड़े का लक्षि-णवसंयोजन दू सरे जोड़े से स्वतंत्र होता है । 1
अवसादन (सेडीणमंटेिन) िारा भौणतक रूप से अलग कर णदये जाते हैं , तैरते हुए
कूड़े -करकट को अनुक्रणमक णनस्यंदन िारा हटा णदया जाता है , सभी ठोस जो
½ x4
प्राथणमक आं पक (स्लज) के नीिे बैठे कि हैं , वह और प्लावी (सुपरनैट़ेंट) बणहः स्राव
(इफ्लुएंट) का णनमाा ि करता है ।
(ii) णितीयक उपिार अथवा जीव णवज्ञानीय उपिार — प्राथणमक बणहः स्राव को
बड़े वायुवीय टैं कों म़ें से गुजारा जाता है जहाूँ यह लगातार यां णत्रक रूप से
णहलाया जाता है और वायु को इसम़ें पंप णकया जाता है , इससे लाभदायक
वायुवीय सूक्ष्मजीणवयों की प्रबल सिक्त वृष्क्रद् ऊिाक (कवकीय तंतुओं से जुड़े
जीवािुओं के जाली जैसी संरिना का िुंड) के रूप म़ें होने लगती है , वृष्क्रद् के
दौरान यह सूक्ष्मजीव बणहः स्राव म़ें उपष्क्रस्थत काबाणनक पदाथों के प्रमुख भागों की
खपत करता है और बी ओ डी (बॉयोकेमीकल अॉॉक्सीजन णडमां ड) को
महत्त्वपूिा रूप से घटाने लगता है , एक बार वाणहत मल अथवा व्यथा जल का बी
½ x6
ओ डी पयाा प्त मात्रा म़ें घट जाय तब बणहः स्राव को णनः सादन (सैटणलंग) टैं क म़ें
भेजते हैं जहाूँ जीवािु िंुड (फ्लॉक्स) उसे अवसाद म़ें पररवणतात करते हैं जो
सणक्रयीत आपंक कहलाता है , बणहस्राव को जल के प्राकृणतक स्रोतों म़ें छोड़
णदया जाता है आपंक का कुछ भाग वायुवीय टैं कों म़ें वाणपस भेजा जाता है जो
इनोकुलम का काया करता है , आपंक का िेष मुख्य भाग अवायुवीय कीिड़
पािक म़ें बायो गैस उत्पन्न करने के णलए भेजा जाता
अथवा
(ख) (i) बॉयोगैस संयत्र एक टैं क (10-15 फीट गहरा) होता है णजसम़ें अपणिष्ट संग्रहीत
एवं गोबर की कदा म (स्तरी) भरी जाती है , सामान्यतः अवायुवीय गाढ़े कीिड़ म़ें जीवािु
½ x4
(मीथैनोजेन) पाया जाता है , सैल्यूलोज का अपघटन करके बायोगैस का णनमाा ि करते
है , णनकास पाइप की सहायता से आस-पास के घरों म़ें बॉयोगैस की आपूणता की जाती
है ।
½ x3
(ii) मीथेन, CO2, H2
(iii) गोबर ग्रामीि क्षेत्रों म़ें बड़ी मात्रा म़ें णमलता है , गोबर म़ें मीथैनोजेन जीवािु प्रिुर
संख्या म़ें पाए जाते हैं , सस्ता है , इसका प्रयोग उवारक के रूप म़ें णकया जाता है ,
सैल्यूलोजीय पदाथों की एक बड़ी मात्रा उपलब्ध रहती है , इनका प्रयोग बॉयोगैस को ½ x3
पैदा करने म़ें णकया जाता है , पयाा वरि णहतैषी है 5
(कोई तीन)
1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To
avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand
the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the
life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone,
publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action
under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be
done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should
be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which
are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be
assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-
XII, while evaluating two competency-based questions, please try to understand given
answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme but correct competency is
enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers.These are in the
nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have
their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded
accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator
on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in
the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring
that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be marked.
Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is
correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are
committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded
for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin
and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks
should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.
Endometrium.
-Glandular ½
-Undergoes cyclic changes during menstruation /implantation of
the developing embryo or blastocyst / other events of pregnancy ½ 2
18
• Progestogen alone or in combinations with estrogen inhibit 1
ovulation and implantation / alter the quality of cervical mucus
to prevent or retard the entry of sperm.
• Their effective periods are much longer than contraceptive pills. 1 2
20
• To take up the DNA, as the DNA molecule is hydrophilic (it can
not pass through cell membrane. ½+½
• By treating host cells with a specific concentration of a divalent
cations (like Ca2+ ion) and then incubating the cells with rDNA
on ice followed by placing them briefly at 420 C (Heat shock) 2
and then putting them back on ice. 1
21 (a)
• They show mutualism, where female wasp uses the fruit not only
as an oviposition (egg laying) site but uses the developing seeds ½x3
within the fruit for nourishing its larvae , in return the wasp
pollinates the fig inflorescence.
• Co-evolution is the phenomenon that operates in their ½
relationship.
OR
(b)
Brood Parasitism – the parasitic bird lays its egg in the nest of its
host and lets the host incubate them. 1
Example cuckoo (koel) lays their egg in the nest of crow which
resemble the host’s egg in size and color / Any other correct example. 1 2
SECTION C
22 (a) ‘Y’- Fimbriae,
Its helps in collection of the ovum after ovulation. ½+½
(b) ‘Z’- Isthmus,
Zygote undergoes cleavage to form morula. ½+½
(c)
• Prophase I of meiotic division.
• Primary oocyte. ½+½ 3
23 (a)
Offspring 1
Blood Group - A genotype – IAi , Blood Group- B genotype -IBi ½+½
(b)
½+½
25
Darwin’s Evolution deVries Evolution
26
(a) Gene Therapy is collection of methods that allows correction of
a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child / embryo 1
(b)
• A normal gene is isolated from bone marrow cells, and
introduced into the cells at early embryonic stage. ½+½
• ADA deficiency (adenosine deaminase deficiency) / 3
SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disease /any 1
other correct genetic disease
27
(a)
(b)
3
(Any other correct difference)
(b) Tropical Latitude have remained undisturbed and have had a long
evolutionary time for species diversification, tropical environments have
less seasonal variations with more constant and predictable 1x3
environmental conditions to promote niche specialisation for greater
diversity, there is more availability of solar energy which contributes to
3
higher productivity.
SECTION D
29 (a)
• Hind II ½
• It restricts the growth of bacteriophage in E.coli. ½
(b) 5’- GAATTC- 3’
3’- CTTAAG- 5’ 1
(c) (i) It inspects the length of a DNA sequence and binds to specific
recognition palindromic sequence, and cut each of the two
strands at specific points in the sugar – phosphate backbones. 1+1
OR
30
(a) Allergy, the exaggerated response of the immune system to
certain antigens present in the environment. ½+½
OR
SECTION E
31
(a)(i)
½x4
OR
½x4
(ii) Hypothalamus
↓
GnRH
↓ ½
Anterior Pituitary
LH FSH ½+½
↓ ↓
Leydig cells Sertoli cells ½+½
↓ ↓
Synthesis and secretion of androgens some factor ½
↓ ↓ 5
Stimulate spermatogenesis Help in spermatogenesis
32. (a)
(i)
• Lactose acts as an inducer molecule, in its absence repressor 1+1
protein binds to the operator region
• RNA polymerase is prevented from transcribing the operon 1
(ii)
By preventing formation of primary transcript, by preventing splicing,
by preventing transport of mRNA from nucleus to the cytoplasm, by 1+1
preventing formation of protein from mRNA
(Any Two)
(ii) The law states that ‘when two pairs of traits are combined in a
hybrid, segregation of one pair of characters is independent of the other
1
pair of characters’
5
33.
(a) (i)
During primary treatment the floating debris is removed by sequential
filtration, then the grit (soil and small pebbles) are removed by
(ii)
Secondary treatment - It is biological treatment in which the primary
effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly
agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it, this allows vigorous ½ x6
growth of useful aerobic microbes into flocs (masses of bacteria
associated with fungal filaments to form mesh like structures), while
growing these microbes consume the major part of the organic matter
in the effluent which significantly reduces the BOD (biochemical
oxygen demand) of the effluent, once the BOD of sewage or waste
water is reduced significantly the effluent is then passed into a settling
tank where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment called activated
sludge and effluent is released in natural water bodies like river, a small
part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to
serve as the inoculum, and the remaining major part of the sludge is
pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters to produce
biogas .
OR
(b) (i) The biogas plant consists of a concrete tank (10-15 feet deep) in
½x4
which bio-wastes are collected and a slurry of dung is fed, certain
bacteria (methanogens) found in anaerobic sludge, help in breakdown
of cellulose and production of biogas, outlet pipe of biogas plant
connected to supply of biogas to nearby houses.