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    Lecture5 Superconductivity

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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5 Superconductor: Classical Model first and Second London Equation penetration depth When combined with Maxwell's equation in the MQS limit Please see: Figure 2.19, page 52, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234. Or Image removed for copyright reasons.

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    Lecture5 Superconductivity

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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5 Superconductor: Classical Model first and Second London Equation penetration depth When combined with Maxwell's equation in the MQS limit Please see: Figure 2.19, page 52, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234. Or Image removed for copyright reasons.

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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5 Superconductor: Classical Model first and Second London Equation penetration depth When combined with Maxwell's equation in the MQS limit Please see: Figure 2.19, page 52, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234. Or Image removed for copyright reasons.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    82 views10 pages

    Lecture5 Superconductivity

    Uploaded by

    airtel3g
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5 Superconductor: Classical Model first and Second London Equation penetration depth When combined with Maxwell's equation in the MQS limit Please see: Figure 2.19, page 52, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234. Or Image removed for copyright reasons.

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    of 10

    Lecture 5: Classical Model of a Superconductor

    Outline
    1. First and Second London Equations 2. Examples Superconducting Slab Bulk Sphere 3. Non-simply connected superconductors Hollow cylinder Superconducting circuits o DC flux transformer o Superconducting memory loop o Magnetic monopole detector 4. Two Fluid Model
    September 22, 2005
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Superconductor: Classical Model


    first London Equation

    second London Equation

    penetration depth When combined with Maxwells equation in the MQS limit

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Field along a cylinder: bulk superconductor

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 2.19, page 52, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.4, page 83, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Field along a hollow cylinder


    Solution 1
    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.7, page 85, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    or

    Solution 2 ?

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.8, page 86, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Multiply Connected Superconductor


    Maxwell
    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.6, page 84, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    First London

    Therefore and For a contour within the bulk where J = 0, flux remains constant
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Field along a hollow cylinder


    Zero Field Initially Solution
    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.7, page 85, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Finite Field Initially Solution

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.8, page 86, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Flux trapped in a hollow cylinder

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.9, page 86, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Superconducting Circuits
    A generalization to any closed superconducting circuit is that the total flux linkage in a circuit remains constant. Then if a circuit has N elements that can contain flux,

    Sources of Flux linkage


    Self-inductance Mutual inductance

    External flux

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    DC Flux Transformer
    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.11, page 88, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    If the B field is measured of the transported flux

    B can be amplified Flux can be transported


    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Superconducting Memory

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.12, page 90, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    0 to 1 Storage

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.13, page 91, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Magnetic Monopole Detector


    Maxwells Equations with Monopole density U
    m

    The signs insure electric and magnetic charge conservation.

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Magnetic Monopole Detector


    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.14, page 93, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    Take the line integral

    Total of Flux and magnetic charge is conserved.


    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Inductance measurement
    From the measurement of the inductance, the penetration depth can determined. For a normal metal R I And For a superconductor,

    and
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Experiment

    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 3.15, page 95, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    The penetration depth Ois temperature dependent !


    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Temperature dependent O

    A good guess to let

    depend on temperature for T< Tc

    n n/ntot

    n(T)

    T
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Two Fluid Model for ZW<<1, T< Tc tr Jtot = Js(T) + Jn(T)

    / (T)

    1/V 0(T)

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Two Fluid Model


    Constitutive relations for two fluid model

    Maxwell

    Gives

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

    Complex wavenumber
    For a sinusoidal drive,

    For a slab in a uniform field


    Image removed for copyright reasons. Please see: Figure 2.13, page 43, from Orlando, T., and K. Delin. Foundations of Applied Superconductivity. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN: 0201183234.

    The smaller length determines the length scale


    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.763 2005 Lecture 5

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