B1 Lesson 2

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
1. What are Comparatives?
 We use comparative adjectives to compare two people, things, or

ideas.
 They show that one thing is "more" or "less" than another.
How to Form Comparatives:
1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in -y):
o Add -er at the end.
 Example: tall → taller
 Example: happy → happier (change -y to -ier)
2. Long adjectives (2+ syllables):
o Use more or less before the adjective.
 Example: beautiful → more beautiful
Examples of Comparatives in Sentences:
 Tom is taller than Sarah.
 This book is more interesting than that one.
 I feel happier today than yesterday.
2. What are Superlatives?
 We use superlative adjectives to show that something is the most

or the least when comparing three or more things.
 They describe the highest or lowest degree of a quality.
How to Form Superlatives:
1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in -y):
o Add -est at the end.
 Example: tall → tallest
 Example: happy → happiest

2. Long adjectives (2+ syllables):
o Use the most or the least before the adjective.
 Example: beautiful → the most beautiful
Examples of Superlatives in Sentences:
 Tom is the tallest boy in the class.
 This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever eaten.
 She is the happiest person I know.
Summary Table
Adjectiv Comparativ
Superlative
e e
tall taller tallest
happy happier happiest
interesti more the most

ng interesting interesting
more the most

beautiful
beautiful beautiful
good better best
bad worse worst
Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives
Some adjectives don’t follow the regular rules:
 good → better → best
 bad → worse → worst
 far → farther / further → farthest / furthest
Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Don’t use more or most with short adjectives:
o ❌ more taller → ✅ taller
o ❌ the most happiest → ✅ the happiest
2. Always use than with comparatives:
o ❌ This car is faster the other one.
o ✅ This car is faster than the other one.
Using "Much" and "A bit" with Comparatives
 When we compare two things, we can intensify or soften the

comparison by using "much" or "a bit" before the comparative
adjective.
1. "Much" with Comparatives
 "Much" makes the comparison stronger.
 It emphasizes a big difference between the two things being

compared.
Structure:
 much + comparative adjective + than
Examples:
 This book is much better than that one.
 Tom is much taller than his younger brother.
 It’s much colder today than it was yesterday.
💡 Tip: You can also use "a lot" the same way as "much."
 Example: The second exam was a lot harder than the first one.
2. "A bit" with Comparatives
 "A bit" makes the comparison weaker.
 It suggests that there is only a small difference between the two

things.
Structure:
 a bit + comparative adjective + than
Examples:
 This shirt is a bit cheaper than that one.
 I feel a bit better than yesterday.
 The new phone is a bit faster than the old model.
💡 Tip: You can also use "slightly" the same way as "a bit."
 Example: The weather today is slightly warmer than yesterday.
Comparing "Much" vs. "A bit"
Sentence with "Much" Sentence with "A bit"
This car is much faster than This car is a bit faster than
mine. mine.
It’s much more expensive than It’s a bit more expensive

before. than before.
 "Much" suggests a big difference, while "a bit" suggests only a small
difference.
Comparative and Superlative Adjectives: Fill-in-the-Gap Exercise
Part 1: Comparatives
Complete the sentences using the correct comparative form of the

adjective in brackets. Don’t forget to use "than" if needed!
1. This sofa is __________ (comfortable) than the old one.
2. My house is __________ (big) than yours.
3. Tom runs __________ (fast) than Jerry.
4. Today is __________ (cold) than yesterday.
5. The movie was __________ (exciting) than I expected.
Part 2: Superlatives
Complete the sentences using the correct superlative form of the
adjective in brackets. Don’t forget to use "the" before the superlative!
6. Everest is __________ (high) mountain in the world.
7. That was __________ (bad) meal I’ve ever eaten.
8. She is __________ (intelligent) student in the class.
9. Yesterday was __________ (hot) day of the year.
10. This is __________ (beautiful) place I’ve ever visited.
Part 3: Mixed Comparatives and Superlatives
Choose the correct form (comparative or superlative) of the adjective in

brackets to complete the sentences.
11. This exam is __________ (easy) than the previous one.
12. John is __________ (tall) boy in our team.
13. This book is __________ (interesting) than the movie.
14. She has the __________ (good) handwriting in the class.
15. That was the __________ (happy) moment of my life!

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Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

1. What are Comparatives?

 We use comparative adjectives to compare two people, things, or

 They show that one thing is "more" or "less" than another.

How to Form Comparatives:

1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in -y):

o Add -er at the end.

 Example: tall → taller

 Example: happy → happier (change -y to -ier)

2. Long adjectives (2+ syllables):

o Use more or less before the adjective.

 Example: beautiful → more beautiful

Examples of Comparatives in Sentences:

 Tom is taller than Sarah.

 This book is more interesting than that one.

 I feel happier today than yesterday.

2. What are Superlatives?

 We use superlative adjectives to show that something is the most

 They describe the highest or lowest degree of a quality.

How to Form Superlatives:

1. Short adjectives (1 syllable or 2 syllables ending in -y):

o Add -est at the end.

 Example: tall → tallest

 Example: happy → happiest

o Use the most or the least before the adjective.

 Example: beautiful → the most beautiful

Examples of Superlatives in Sentences:

 Tom is the tallest boy in the class.

 This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever eaten.

 She is the happiest person I know.

tall taller tallest

happy happier happiest

interesti more the most

more the most

good better best

bad worse worst

Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives

Some adjectives don’t follow the regular rules:

 good → better → best

 bad → worse → worst

 far → farther / further → farthest / furthest

Common Mistakes to Avoid

o ❌ more taller → ✅ taller

o ❌ the most happiest → ✅ the happiest

2. Always use than with comparatives:

o ❌ This car is faster the other one.

o ✅ This car is faster than the other one.

Using "Much" and "A bit" with Comparatives

 When we compare two things, we can intensify or soften the

1. "Much" with Comparatives

 "Much" makes the comparison stronger.

 It emphasizes a big difference between the two things being

 much + comparative adjective + than

 This book is much better than that one.

 Tom is much taller than his younger brother.

 It’s much colder today than it was yesterday.

2. "A bit" with Comparatives

 "A bit" makes the comparison weaker.

 It suggests that there is only a small difference between the two