CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TIẾNG ANH ÔN THI

VÀO 10
1. Type 1: điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If clause Main clause

S + V1 / V s(es) S + will / can/ may + V1
(don’t / doesn’t + V1) (won’t / can’t + V1)
2. Type 2: điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại

If clause Main clause

S + V-ed / V2
S + would / could / should + V1
(didn’t + V1)
(wouldn’t / couldn’t + V1)
To be: were / weren’t
3. Type 3: điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ

If clause Main clause

S + had + P.P S + would / could / should + have + P.P
(hadn’t + P.P) (wouldn’t / couldn’t + have + P.P)
4. Những cách khác để diễn đạt câu điều kiện:
a. Unless = If ….not
If you don’t work hard, you can’t earn enough money for your living.
= Unless ————————————————————————
—–
b. Without: không có = if … not
Without water, life wouldn’t exist.
 = If
————————————————————————————
———–
Note:
1. Có thể diễn tả câu điều kiện mà không cần dùng if hay unless bằng
cách đảo ngữ.
Were I rich, I would help you.
= If I were rich, I would help you.
Had I known her, I would have made friend with her.
= If I had known her, I would have made friend with her.
2. Có thể kết hợp điều kiện 2 và điều kiện 3 trong một câu.
If I hadn’t stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be so tired now.
You wouldn’t be so hungry if you had had breakfast this morning.
3. Đôi khi thì hiện tại đơn được dùng cho cả hai mệnh đề của câu điều
kiện để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên; nó được gọi là zero
conditional.
If we don’t water these flowers, they die.
4. Mệnh đề chính trong câu điều kiện loại 1 có thể là một câu đề nghị
hoặc lời mời.
If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book.
If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me.
. Đổi từ if sang unless:

IF UNLESS
Khẳng định Khẳng định (động từ trong mệnh đề chính đổi sang phủ định)
Phủ định Khẳng định (mệnh đề chính không thay đổi)
Ex: If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.
Unless
———————————————————————————–
If she doesn’t work harder, she will fail the exam.
Unless
————————————————————————————
6. Dạng câu: Mệnh lệnh + or + Clause
– If you don’t + V1, Clause
– If you aren’t + …, Clause
Ex: Be careful or you will cut yourself. If
——————————————————-
Go away or I will call the police. If
——————————————————-

B. Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh có đáp án

I. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi
1. She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone there
If ……………………………………………………………….
2. I don’t have a spare ticket. I can’t take you to the concert
If I …………………………………………………………………
3. The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them
so they didn’t grow.
If the children ………………………………………………………..
4. They don’t understand the problem. They won’t find a solution
If they …………………………………………………………….
5. Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..
If Carol ……………………………………………………
6. Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
If Rita ………………………………………………………
7. He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car
If he ……………………………………………………..
8. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find
anyone.
If the flats …..………………………………………………………..
9. I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you
If I …………………………………………………………………….
10. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children
If she ………………………………………………………………….
11. He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car
If he ………………………………………………………………….
12. Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well
If Peter ………………………………………………………………
13. Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.
If Mary ………………………………………………………………
II. Choose the correct answer.
1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people
in your house.
A. hadn’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wasn’t
2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.
A. wouldn’t have been B. would have been C. wouldn’t be
D. would be
3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.
A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D.
asked
4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.
A. she has done B. she had done C. she does D. she
did
5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?
A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal
6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____
to her.
A. would have been / hadn’t lied B. would be / didn’t lie
C. will be / don’t lie D. would be / hadn’t lied
7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that
business.
A. would invest B. Invested C. had invested D.
invests
8. She wouldn’t have given them all that money if we _____ her to.
A. wouldn’t advise B. won’t advise C. hadn’t advised
D. didn’t advise
9. If the tree hadn’t been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.
A. could have climbed B. Climb C. is climbing D.
climbed
10. If the wall weren’t so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.
A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb
11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night
A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have
phoned
C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone
12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A. tells B. Told C. had told D. would tell
13. If you press that button what _____?
A. would happen B. would have happened
C. will happen D. happen
14. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.
A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped
15. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.
A. had discovered / would inform
B. had discovered / would have informed
C. had discovered / could inform
D. discovered / can inform
16. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate
last year.
A. go / gave
B. go / give
C. had gone / would have given
D. went / would give
17. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.
A. was / answered
B. were / would answer
C. were / would have answered
D.had been / would have answered
18. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be
19. If you didn’t wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-
looking.
A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. can be
20. If your hair _______ grey now, what ______ you ________?
A. went / would / do
B. goes / would /do
C. had gone / would/do
D. had gone / would have / done
21. If I ________ an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.
A. am B. have been C. Were D. had been
22. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that
business.
23. What (you / say) ___________ if I offered you a job?
24. The children always (get) ___________ frightened if they watch
horror films
25. If it (not be) _____________ for you, I would be late
26. I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children. If only there (be)
__________ peace in the world
27. Were I to become president, my first act (be) __________ to help
the poor
28. If he (listen) _____________ to his father’s advice, he would still
be working here.
29. If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) ____________
tired now.
30. If he (have) _______________free time, he will go swimming.
31. Don’t go out if the wind (be) __________________ strong.
32. If you (heat) ___________ice, it (turn) ___________into water.
Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !
1. If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they ____________________
(BRING) him to the hospital.
2. If I ____________________ (BE) you I would pay more attention in
class.
3. They ____________________ (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a
babysitter.
4. The manager would have fired him if he ____________________
(HAVE) someone else to replace him.
5. I ____________________ (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such
stupid questions.
6. If you ____________________ (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you
in.
7. If I had missed the bus, I ____________________ (TAKE) a taxi.
8. We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it
____________________ (RAIN).
9. I would have helped him if I ____________________ (KNOW) that
his condition was so bad.
10. He ____________________ (NOT GO) to the course if it were not
so interesting.