In line's 1-15 Oedipus makes a speech to Thebans, what does

this speech reveals about his character?

Oedipus's speech (lines 1-15) reveals his:

1. Concern for his people

2. Confidence in his leadership
3. Determination to solve the plague
4. Ignorance of his true identity
5. Hubris (pride) and self-assurance.

Shows him as a caring, decisive, yet unknowingly flawed leader.

Do you think Oedipus is boasting in line's 7-9? Or is he merely
being objective about his own status as the king of Thebes?
Oedipus's tone in lines 7-9 is more objective than boastful. He's
stating facts about his position and authority, rather than bragging.
His language is straightforward, lacking exaggerated or arrogant
tone, showing confidence rather than conceit.
Why does the chorus address so many gods?
The Chorus addresses multiple gods to:

1. Seek collective divine assistance

2. Show reverence and piety
3. Emphasize the gravity of the crisis
4. Cover all bases, as the source of the plague is unknown
5. Reflect the polytheistic culture of ancient Greece.

This invokes a broad divine presence, highlighting the urgency and

complexity of Thebes' situation.
What does teiresias predict about Oedipus's future?
Teiresias predicts that Oedipus will:

1. Discover his true identity

2. Learn he has killed his father and married his mother
3. Be blinded (physically and/or metaphorically)
4. Face exile and isolation
5. Suffer immense sorrow and regret.

Teiresias's prophecy seals Oedipus's tragic fate.

What is ironic about Oedipus calling Creon a murderer?
It's ironic because:

Oedipus unknowingly accuses Creon of a crime (murder) that he

(Oedipus) himself has committed (killing his father, Laius).

This is an example of dramatic irony, highlighting Oedipus's

ignorance and unintended self-indictment.
What two reasons does the choragos gives Oedipus for
respecting Creon's word?
The Choragos gives Oedipus two reasons to respect Creon's word:

1. Creon is a relative (brother-in-law)

2. Creon would not betray the state or Oedipus.

These reasons emphasize Creon's family ties and loyalty,

establishing trustworthiness.
Why do you think the eyewitness asked to be sent to a remote
area?
The eyewitness asked to be sent to a remote area because:
He wanted to avoid:

1. Punishment for being a witness to Laius's murder

2. Involvement in the investigation
3. Potential retribution from Oedipus or others

He sought isolation to escape potential consequences and protect

himself.
What does Oedipus say he has already done to bring relief to
the city?
Oedipus says he has already:

Sent Creon to consult the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi to determine

the cause of the plague and find a solution.

This shows Oedipus's initiative and concern for his people's

welfare.
Differentiate between Strophe and ante stophe with the
reference to chorus?
In Greek tragedy, the Chorus's song is structured into:

*Strophe*
1. The Chorus moves physically to the right.
2. They sing/speak in a specific meter/rhythm.
3. Typically, introduces/develops an idea.

*Antistrophe*
1. The Chorus moves physically to the left.
2. They respond to the strophe, often mirroring its rhythm/meter.
3. Typically, echoes/contrasts/expands the idea.

The Chorus's movements and alternating strophes/antistrophes

create a musical, rhythmic dialogue, enhancing the emotional
impact and dramatic effect.
Write down The name of Marlowe's first play?
Christopher Marlowe's first play is:

*Tamburlaine the Great* (Part 1, c. 1587-1588)

This play marked the beginning of Marlowe's successful career as a

playwright and poet.
Who were university wits?
University Wits:

A group of 16th-century English playwrights and poets educated at

Oxford/Cambridge, known for:

- Classical influences
- Innovative language
- Complex metaphors

Notable members:

1. Christopher Marlowe
2. Robert Greene
3. Thomas Nashe
4. John Lyly
5. Thomas Lodge
6. George Peele
What do you know about Machiavelli?
Machiavelli (1469-1527) was an Italian philosopher, politician, and
writer, best known for his book "The Prince," which outlines
pragmatic and sometimes ruthless tactics for gaining and
maintaining power.
What is Ben Johnson's theory of humour?
Ben Jonson's theory of humour:

Humour is an exaggerated trait or eccentricity that dominates a

character's personality, often leading to comedic situations.

(In his plays, Jonson portrayed characters with distinct,

exaggerated humours, satirizing human foibles.)
What different disguises does brain worm acquire?
The Brain Worm, from Ben Jonson's play "Volpone," disguises itself
as:

1. Nano (a dwarf)
2. Androgyno (a hermaphrodite)
3. Castrone (a eunuch)

These disguises allow the Brain Worm to deceive and manipulate

others.
What is meant by three unities in a play?
The Three Unities in a play refer to:

1. Unity of Time: The action takes place within a single day or

short period.
2. Unity of Place: The action occurs in one location.
3. Unity of Action: The plot follows a single, cohesive storyline.
(Originating from Aristotle's Poetics, these principles aimed to
create dramatic coherence and focus.)
What does Hubris mean?
Hubris: Excessive pride, arrogance, or ambition, often leading to a
downfall or nemesis in Greek tragedy.

(In modern usage, hubris refers to overconfidence or inflated self-

importance.)
Define irony. Solify your answer with an example from Oedipus
Rex?
Irony: A contrast between what is expected and what actually
occurs, often highlighting contradiction or absurdity.

Example from Oedipus Rex:

Oedipus searches for the murderer of King Laius, unaware that he

himself is the killer.

This is an example of dramatic irony, where the audience knows

the truth, but the character does not, creating tension and
highlighting Oedipus's tragic ignorance.
Give the description of sphinx whom Oedipus kills?
The Sphinx:

A mythical creature with:

- Lion's body
- Eagle's wings
- Woman's head
It posed a riddle to the people of Thebes, devouring those who
failed to answer. Oedipus solved the riddle, and the Sphinx killed
herself or was killed by Oedipus, depending on the version.
What does hubris mean? Justify with an example?
Hubris: Excessive pride or arrogance.

Example: Oedipus's refusal to listen to others, believing he knows

best.
What does Jocasta say about prophecies?
Jocasta says: "The oracles' words are nothing." (Referring to
prophecies as unreliable.)
Name the speaker "judgements too quickly formed are
dangerous"?
In Sophocles' "Oedipus Rex", the speaker of "Judgements too
quickly formed are dangerous" is Chorus.
Why does Oedipus instead of killing himself, blind himself?
Oedipus blinds himself to symbolize emotional darkness, avoid
witnessing his own suffering, and maintain honor, as self-inflicted
death was considered shameful.
Who in jew of Malta says "I count religion but a childish toy"?
Barabas says, "I count religion but a childish toy" in Christopher
Marlowe's "The Jew of Malta".
Give what reasons do the two friars welcome barabas Inyo
Christianity?
The two friars, Jacomo and Bernardine, welcome Barabas into
Christianity for these reasons:

1. Jacomo: To gain control of Barabas's wealth.

2. Bernardine: To genuinely save Barabas's soul.

Both friars have opposing motivations, highlighting the play's

themes of hypocrisy and materialism.
What does barabas call ithamore his friend and son?
Barabas calls Ithamore "my dear son" and "my sweet friend" due to
their shared villainy and loyalty.
What did Abigail wish for near her death?
Abigail, in "The Jew of Malta", wishes to be baptized and die a
Christian near her death, seeking redemption for her past sins.
How does barabas killed ithamore?
Barabas kills Ithamore by:
1. Poisoning him.
2. Specifically, giving Ithamore a poisoned bouquet of flowers.

Barabas eliminates Ithamore to prevent him from revealing their

conspiracies and to maintain his own secrecy.
What are old knowell's remarks about poetry?
Old Knowell says: "Poetry is stuff, and nonsense, and railing well
rehearsed," dismissing it as empty words.
Why does brainworm decide to side with Edward?
Brainworm decides to side with Edward Knowell (also known as
Kit) in "Every Man in His Humour" because:

Edward promises Brainworm a better position and more benefits.

Essentially, Brainworm is motivated by self-interest and personal

gain.
Why does cobe want to seek a warrant from jutice clement?
Cob seeks a warrant from Justice Clement to arrest Kit, suspecting
him of vagrancy/thievery.
Record Kitelys fears about his wife?
Kitely fears that his wife, Dame Kitely, is being seduced or having
an affair with someone, specifically a young man.
Introduce Bridget?
Bridget is Dame Kitely's loyal and trustworthy maid, who often
serves as a confidante and provides comedic relief in the play
"Every Man in His Humour" by Ben Jonson. She is witty, observant,
and devoted to her mistress.
How does Oedipus becomes the king of Thebes?
Oedipus becomes King of Thebes by:
1. Solving the Sphinx's riddle.
2. Freeing the city from the Sphinx's curse.
3. Marrying the widow, Jocasta (unbeknownst to him, his mother).
4. Succeeding the late King Laius.

(This is from the ancient Greek tragedy "Oedipus Rex" by

Sophocles.)
Who is flinty singer in Oedipus Rex?
There is no character called "Flinty Singer" in Oedipus Rex.

You may be thinking of Tiresias, the blind prophet and seer, who
sings or recites prophecies and provides crucial information
throughout the play.
When is Creon much shocked and angry?
Creon is much shocked and angry when:

Oedipus accuses him of plotting against him and conspiring with

Tiresias to falsely claim Oedipus murdered King Laius.

(This occurs in Scene 2 of Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles).

What Good news does the messenger bring for Oedipus?
The messenger brings news that Polybus and Merope of Corinth
are not Oedipus's biological parents.
Why does Jocasta request Oedipus note to explore further
about his birth?
Jocasta requests Oedipus not to explore further about his birth
because:

She fears he will discover the truth that he is her son and has
fulfilled the prophecy by killing his father (Laius) and marrying his
mother (herself).
What does blind Oedipus request Creon in the end?
In the end, blind Oedipus requests Creon to:

1. Exile him from Thebes.

2. Care for his daughters, Antigone and Ismene.

(Oedipus Rex by Sophocles)

What does Machiavelli say about barabas in the prologue?
In "The Jew of Malta" Prologue, Machiavelli introduces Barabas as a
cunning and ruthless Jew, embodying Machiavellian principles,
saying:

"Admire me, then, who can bring thee to view

...the heart of Jewry."
Mention the cause of rivalry between mathia and lodowick?
In Christopher Marlowe's play "The Jew of Malta", Mathias and
Lodowick's rivalry is caused by their love for Abigail, Barabas's
daughter.
Why does bellamira get ready to become the concubine of
ithamore?
Bellamira gets ready to become the concubine of Ithamore for
wealth and material gain.
What excuse does bobadill offer to Mathew about his living in
cob's house?
Bobadill claims he's staying at Cob's house to learn the art of
fencing.
What is the conflict between old knowell and young knowell?
The conflict between Old Knowell and Young Knowell in Ben
Jonson's "Every Man in His Humour" is due to their generational
and lifestyle differences, as Old Knowell disapproves of Young
Knowell's reckless and extravagant city lifestyle.
How does brainworm befool Stephen?
 Brainworm befools Stephen by pretending to be a servant and
convincing him to disguise himself as a Dutch merchant, tricking
Stephen into doing his bidding.
What is cob's suspicion about old knowell?
Cob suspects Old Knowell of being wealthy and hiding treasure.
What are Mr Kitelys unknown fears?
Mr. Kitely's unknown fears are that his wife is having an affair and
that his wealth is being stolen.
How does judge clement treat with brainworm in the end?
In Ben Jonson's "Every Man in His Humour", Judge Clement
ultimately exposes Brainworm's tricks and deceit, and has him
arrested and punished for his crimes.

(This concludes the play on a note of justice and moral order.)

How does Ferneze treat basso when basso demands tribute?
Ferneze defies Basso and refuses to pay the demanded tribute,
showing bravery and resistance.
Define the term Machavialianism?
Machiavellianism: Cunning, ruthless, and manipulative tactics
prioritizing power and self-interest over morality and ethics.
What is the reaction of Jocasta on hearing the truth revealed by
messenger from Corinth?
Jocasta is devastated and overwhelmed with grief upon learning
the truth from the messenger from Corinth, realizing that Oedipus
has unknowingly killed his father (Laius) and married his mother
(herself).
Why does barabas decides to kill ithamore?
Barabas decides to kill Ithamore because Ithamore plans to betray
him and expose his crimes, and also because Ithamore has become
a liability and a potential threat to Barabas' interests.
Why does Jocasta disbelieve in prophecy of oracles?
Jocasta disbelieves the prophecy because she thinks Oedipus is
dead and Laius was killed by strangers, not his son.
Why did Abigail embrace Christianity?
Abigail embraced Christianity to escape her past and gain social
acceptance.
How did Edward and wellbred react when they come to know
that brainworm has disguised himself?
Edward and Wellbred were shocked, outraged, and felt deceived
when they discovered Brainworm's disguise. They likely plotted
revenge against Brainworm for his deception. (This is from Ben
Jonson's play "Every Man in His Humour")
How does bobadill teach self defense to Mathew?
Bobadill teaches Mathew self-defense using absurd and ineffective
methods, claiming expertise as a skilled swordsman, but actually
being a coward and a fake. (From Ben Jonson's play "Every Man in
His Humour")
What action barabas take against his converted daughter?
Barabas poisons his daughter, Abigail, for converting to
Christianity and betraying him. (From Christopher Marlowe's play
"The Jew of Malta")
What does Oedipus declare about the murderer of Laius?
Oedipus declares that the murderer of Laius will be found and
punished, and that whoever it is will be banished from Thebes,
regardless of their social status or relation to him. (From Sophocles'
play "Oedipus Rex")
Define Trilogy with example?
Trilogy:A series of three related works, such as novels, films, or
plays.

Example:

The Hunger Games Trilogy

1. The Hunger Games (2008)

2. Catching Fire (2009)
3. Mockingjay (2010)

by Suzanne Collins.
Define epilogue and prologue with examples?
Here are definitions and examples:

Epilogue:
A concluding section after the main story, wrapping up loose ends.

Example:
In J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series, the epilogue "Nineteen Years
Later" (Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows) shows Harry's
future.

Prologue:
An introductory section before the main story, setting the context.
Example:
In George R.R. Martin's A Game of Thrones, the prologue introduces
the White Walkers and sets the tone for the series.
Define revenge tragedy with example?
Revenge Tragedy:
A dramatic genre where the protagonist seeks vengeance for a past
injustice, often leading to catastrophic consequences.

Example:

Hamlet by William Shakespeare

(Prince Hamlet seeks revenge for his father's murder by his uncle,
Claudius.)
Define drama?
Drama: A literary work that tells a story through dialogue and
action, typically performed on stage or screen, often exploring
conflicts and emotions.

Example: Plays like Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, or movies like

The Shawshank Redemption.