WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

GRADUATE APTITUDE TEST

AGRIBUSINESS
1 Marketing function retailing provides

A. Form utility B. Time utility

C. Place utility D. None of above

2 Marketer must consider ………… to establish prices

A. Images B. strategies

C. Quality differences D. Quantity levels

3 Movie theaters charge extra fee for food and other attractions by
following ……… pricing strategy.

A. Skimming B. New-product

C. Second-product D. Captive-product

4 Fertilizer with standard application services, standard agronomic

practices, thirty days credit policy is an example of

A. Generic product B. Expected product

C. Value added product D. None of these

5 Standardization and grading of agricultural products help in decision

making relating to___________________

A. buying B. selling

C. both A & B D. none of these

6 Difference between assets and liabilities is known as

_____________________

A. income statement B. owner’s equity

C. balance sheet D. cash flow statement

7 Which of the following process may be used to eliminate unproductive

workers during period of falling businesses?

A. Recruitment B. Downsizing

C. Rightsizing D. All of the above

8 B2B ventures are

 A. Buyer-to-Buyer B. Buyer-to-Business

C. Business-to-Buyer D. Business-to-Business

9 In Marketing terms, the amount of goods/services purchased by one unit

of currency is called ………..

A. Currency Power B. Purchasing Power

C. Value of money D. Value for money

10 …………. Is the systematic design, collection, analysis, and

reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific marketing

Situation.

A. Marketing Research B. Design research

C. Relevant research D. Applied research

11 Market value of all goods and services produced within a country in a

given period

A. GDP B. GNP

C. NNP D. None of these

12 DALPMG is an abbreviation of

A. Dept. of agricultural and livestock processing B. Dept. of agricultural

and livestock product management

Marketing and grading and grading

B. Dept. of agricultural and livestock product D. None of these

Marketing and grading

13 If marginal benefit is greater than marginal cost, a rational choice

involves:

A. More or less, depending on the benefits of other B. No more of activity

Activities

B. Less of the activity. D. More of the activity.

14 A graph showing all the combinations of goods and services that can be
produced if all of society’s resources are used
 Efficiently is a:

A. Lorenz curve B. Capital consumption frontier

C. Circular Flow Diagram D. Production possibility

curve

15 _______________ normally carries the privilege of voting for the board of

directors that oversees the activities of the

Corporation

A. multinational corporation B. common stock

C. preferred stock D. joint stock

16 A market in which the purchase and sale of a commodity takes places at

time t but the exchange of commodity takes place

On some specified date in future i.e. time t + 1

A. spot market B. cash market

C. forward market D. none of these

17 Legislation on agricultural marketing issues is a _____________ subject in

Pakistan

A. Federal B. provincial

C. Local D. district

18 Goods which are produced with planning and effort are called
______________

A. Staples B. Impulse goods

C. Emergency goods D. Specialty goods

19 MBO stands for ______________________

A. Make hold objectives B. Managing by others

C. Management by objectives D. My base objective

20 According to Pakistan Economic Survey 2020-21, the agriculture sector

growth is ____________________ _______

A. 2.5 % B. 2.3 %
 C. 2.7 % D. 2.9 %

21 Agro-based industries are mainly established in rural areas because of

_____________

A. availability of raw material B. availability of labor

C. absence of pollution in environment D. low tariff on

electricity

22 Standardization and grading of agricultural products help in decision

making relating to___________________

A. buying B. selling

C. both A & B D. none of these

23 Difference between assets and liabilities is known as

_____________________

A. income statement B. owner’s equity

C. balance sheet D. cash flow statement

24 HRM stands for

A. Human Resource management B. Human

Relationship Management

C. Both a and b D. None of these

25 SMEDA stands for

A. Small and Medium Entrepreneurship Development B. Small and Medium

Enterprises Development Authority

Agency

B. Small and Medium Environment Development D. None of the above

Authority

26 Starting an entrepreneurial firms require

A. New business idea B. Business Plan

C. Financial Resources and Legal Formalities D. All of the above

27 Which one of the following approaches describes the functions

performed by retailers, wholesalers, commission agents,
 Brokers and other stakeholders in the supply chain of the agricultural
commodities

A. functional approach B. institutional approach

C. commodity approach D. marketing mapping

approach

28 For training purposes, the Directorate of AEM established PIAM which

stands for

A. Punjab Institute of Agricultural Marketing B. Punjab Institute

of Agriculture Markets

C. Pakistan Institute of Agricultural Marketing D. Pakistan

Institute of Agriculture Markets

29 The following variable is not used to segment markets in consumer and

business markets.

A. Purchasing approaches B. Brand personalities

C. Personal characteristics D. Situational factors

30 Currently, the dominant sector of Pakistan’s economy in terms of

contribution to GDP is _____________________

A. Services B. Agriculture

C. Manufacturing D. all these

31 SWOT analysis stands for

A. Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat B. Strong,

Weak, Opportunity and Threat

C. Both a and b options D. None of the above

32 _________________ management involves the set of activities around

storing and transporting goods and services

A. Logistics B. value-chain

C. Production D. Operations

33 Which of the following is the final phase in the product development

process?

A. building a prototype B. test marketing

 C. business analysis D. Commercialization

34 Companies use social marketing programs along with 4 Ps of marketing

mix to achieve …….. objectives.

A. Marketing mix B. Economic acceptance

C. Well being D. Social change

35 Product line depth is concept in which companies utilize two closely
related products? Best example is ……

A. Coke and diet coke B. Pepsi and 7up

C. Burger and fries D. Burger and juice

36 Ostro special Pizza is the best example of ……..

A. Organizational brand B. Manufacturer’s

brand

C. Private brand D. Sponsorship brand

37 Agricultural inputs can be distributed by _______________.

A. private firms B. farmer association

C. government enterprises D. all of these

38 In effective and efficient marketing system, a consumer is not

disillusioned by __________

A. multiple grades B. Adulteration

C. multiple prices D. all these

39 Which of the following is not true for marketing channels?

A. Establishes over time B. Cannot be altered

easily

C. Functions can be changed easily D. Those show

organizational commitment

40 Those who take title to products with a major purpose of profiting due to
difference in prices are known as __________

A. Agent middlemen B. Speculative middlemen

C. Facilitative organization D. Merchant middlemen

41 ___________________ is the main organization responsible for seed quality

control, certification, and law enforcement.

A. Federal Seed Certification and Registration B. Punjab Seed Corporation

Department
 B. Pakistan Standards and Quality and Control Authority D. Agricultural
Development Authority

42 _______________ function provides time utility in agricultural marketing

system

A. Facilitating B. Physical

C. Storage D. transportation

43 Which of the following is not a part of planning?

A. gathering information B. benefit cost analysis

C. developing alternatives D. none of these

44 Under the WTO agreements, countries cannot normally discriminate

between their trading partners. If a country reduces

Customs duty rate for one of their products for one country, then it has to
do the same for all other WTO members. This

Principle of WTO is called _______________

A. most favored nation treatment B. national treatment

C. trade liberalization D. non-discrimination

45 When output increases one percent by increasing input one percent, is

called

A. increasing return to scale B. decreasing return to

scale

C. constant return to scale D. none of these

46 On the recommendation of Royal Commission on Agriculture in India

(1928), The agricultural produce Act was enacted in

A. 1929 B. 1935

C. 1939 D. 1947

47 Promotional expenses are high in the ………. Stage of product life

cycle.

A. Maturity B. Decline

C. Growth D. Adoption
48 The law by which company cannot make its product illegally similar to
competitor’s product?

A. Anti-monopoly laws B. Product warranties

C. Product Safety Act D. Patent law

49 Many products are in the ….. stage of product life cycle in a market.

A. Introduction B. Development

C. Maturity D. Growth

50 Marketing of adult products is not socially acceptable for ……

segment.

A. Animal B. Minority

C. Senior D. Child

51 Consumers don’t consult and mostly point out products and services
……………….

A. Reluctantly B. Without help of marketers

C. After advertisement of marketers D. After consulting

friends

52 Which one is not the choice used in developing brands?

A. Brand extension B. Multi-brands

C. Brand ambassador D. Width and depth

extension of markets

53 International companies spend huge amounts of money on

advertisement campaigns of new products to create brand ……..

A. Loyalty B. Image

C. Awareness D. Perception

54 A strategy in which marketer use already successful brand name to

launch new products is ………..

A. Product line B. Brand symbol

C. Line extension D. Brand extension

55 In competition between national and private brands, local retailers have
the advantages of controlling ……..

A. What products will be stocked B. What price will be

charged

C. Where products will be stocked D. All of them

56 Concept of new product development always starts with

……………..

A. Idea generation B. Product development

C. Product screening D. Test marketing

57 Consumers perceive a potential product as …………..

A. Product idea B. Test market

C. Product image D. Market concept

58 Customer satisfaction for successful businesses is a

A. Goal B. Tool

C. Both A & B D. None of the above

59 The sum of features and characteristics of a product or service is

………

A. Quality B. Standard

C. Need D. Performance

60 The search for new product ideas should be …………….

A. Haphazard B. systematic

C. Segmented D. Strategic

61 Stage of product life cycle.in which market acceptance and sales is high,
is called …….

A. Growth B. Maturity

C. Decline D. Development

62 Value based pricing is the opposite strategy of …………..

A. Cost plus pricing B. Cost based pricing

 C. Variable cost pricing D. Value added pricing

63 Companies conduct surveys to test ………….. of products that they

offer.

A. Demand curve B. Perceived value

C. Price elasticity D. Break even pricing

64 Nature of market, demand and competitor’s prices are the

………. Factors that influence pricing decisions.

A. External B. Domestic

C. Internal D. Target

65 Competition in which many buyers and sellers trade in uniform

commodity is ………..

A. Monopolistic B. Pure competition

C. Oligopolistic D. Pure monopoly

66 In market skimming policy for new product, which statement is true?

A. Product’s quality and image support its lower price B.

Competitors are not able to undercut the high price

C. Buyers want the products at that price D. Competitors

cannot enter the market easily

67 A strategy in which marketers set low initial prices to attract many

buyers is called …….

A. Market penetration pricing B. Leader pricing

C. Market skimming pricing D. Value based pricing

68 An approach in which employees are involved in constantly improving

the quality of products, services and business

Processes is …..

A. Positioning B. Specialty product

marketing

C. Product quality D. Total quality

management
69 Marketing information system is the sequence of ……………….
Informations.

A. Gather➔Sort➔Analyze➔Evaluate➔Disseminate B.
Gather➔Sort➔Evaluate ➔Analyze➔Disseminate

C. Sort➔Gather➔Evaluate ➔Analyze ➔Disseminate D.

Gather➔Sort➔Disseminate➔Evaluate ➔Analyze

70 Which one of the following is unpredictable, short-lived, and without

social, economic, and political significance

A. Market Trends B. Super Trend

C. Megatrend D. FAD

71 Already collected data used for a research is called ……………..

A. Secondary Data B. Primary data

C. Available data D. Data entry

72 The leading characteristic of marketing research is

A. Research creativity B. Scientific method

C. Interdependence of model and data D. Healthy

skepticism

73 A deeply commitment of customer to rebuy or re-patronize a preferred

product or service in the future is ……..

A. Customer Satisfactio