19(2): 135-141, 2024 www.thebioscan.

com

Methods of comparative analysis in the study of samples of Uzbek and world

literature
Abduvalitov Nurzhan Buranovich 1, Abduvalitov Ergash Buranevich 2
1
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) of Pedagogical Sciences, 2Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences (DSc)
Sayfullaev Baurzhan Nurumbet oglu teacher
Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami

DOI: https://doi.org/10.63001/tbs.2024.v19.i02.pp135-141

KEYWORDS ABSTRACT
fiction,
comparative training, This article examined the question of scientific and theoretical justification of the method of comparative analysis of the
functional analysis, study of Uzbek literature in combination with world literature. The issues of studying world and Uzbek literature in
psychology of creativity, harmony are also widely covered, on the one hand, students' mastering in organic relations the most striking examples of
organic relations, world literature, on the other hand, the insufficient methodological development of the problem of comparative study of
universality, Uzbek and foreign literature
functionality,
generalizability,
compactness,
unity of artistic
consciousness,
analytical skills
Received on:

30-06-2024

Accepted on:

11-10-2024

Corresponding author

features of matter. Interaction is the unity of artistic

consciousness and the variety of forms of expression.
In recent years, the integration method of comparative study of
Literature analysis and methodology
national and world literature has been developing, since the
The characteristic features of the manifestation of interaction in
identification of multilateral dialectical ties between literature,
artistic reflection are, first of all, the personal reflection of
other types of artistic creativity and social activities can enrich
reality, equally dependent on the change in the object of artistic
teaching with new pedagogical solutions.
reflection and the object under the influence of force. When
Fiction develops in connection with the laws of the development
studying the interaction of literature, it is important to clarify the
of social consciousness. Therefore, the main methodological
features and essence of artistic reflection, since in this process
provisions characterizing the interaction of literature - one of the
the essence of the interaction between the reader and the work
main phenomena of verbal art, are included in the categories of
of art is revealed.
philosophy, literary criticism, psychology, pedagogy. The category
The problem of students' perception of a work of art requires
of interaction of literature is based on the general philosophical
solving two problems. This is an objective analysis of the text of
category. The category of interaction is the most important
a work of art and an objective analysis of human feelings. In
methodological principles of natural and social phenomena. The
addition, these problems provide for the consideration of all
general philosophical meaning of the category of interaction is
literature in a broader framework. There are two such approaches
determined by its ability to "explain the essence of the universal
here: an objective analysis of the texts to be compared and an
human cause," which contains the idea of the literary necessity
analysis of the feelings resulting from such a comparison in the
of movement, which is the source of the manifestation of the
reader.

135
The psychological study of literature is carried out in one of these manifestation in each individual person. Because for fiction, it is
two directions. At the same time, firstly, the psychology of the not the case that happened in society that is important, but the
creator is analyzed in connection with how it is expressed in a spirit of the individuals who took part in this event. As the
particular work, and secondly, the experience of the reader methodologist K. Yuldoshev noted in this regard, "Literature is an
accepting this work is provided. In our opinion, the use of both art form that has unequal opportunities to reflect the spirit of
methods that separate each other is ineffective. Based on this, an individual person. Because any people are made up of
the general direction of this method can be expressed as a process individuals, their literature clearly shows the peculiarities
from the form of a work of art to the training of aesthetic reaction inherent in the spirit of a particular nation"1. Indeed, literature
and its general laws through the functional analysis of its elements that can describe the unique spirit of individuals has a high status
and structure. in human presentation.
As it turned out, an important feature of any element in a work Literature collects rich cultural and spiritual values of different
of art is associated with the emotional attitude that arises from eras, therefore it occupies a special place in acquaintance with
the reader. A necessary aspect of the problem under consideration national and world culture. Literate and intensive reading of
is to familiarize the reader with the art. For many of them, this works of art is formed among students, mainly from school years.
connection is found in literature lessons, where there is a need In modern education, students are required not only to tie the
for aesthetic and aesthetic activities in general. work studied to life, but also to compare it with other works. As
In our opinion, the content of aesthetic activity is always a process a result, the student forms ideas about the surrounding world and
of getting out of meaning. When contacting a work of art, a task a holistic worldview, the ability to analyze general and particular
should be created that contributes to the emergence of an aspects in the essence of events is acquired.
emotional reaction, and a response - generalization, an answer - In this regard, R. Niozmetova noted: "On the example of life, the
disclosure of personal meaning. literary fate of the heroes depicted in the literary work, readers
Comparison of literary phenomena allows you to eliminate (students) express social and aesthetic relations between
emotionality, indifference and slander, stimulate, generalize people... However, the description of dialogue with the
reactions, reveal the meaning provided for various authors and personalities of different areas of life is reflected in fiction as part
different readers. of a generalization of the qualities characteristic of each person,
When organizing work to identify and study relations between and in the future many works are devoted to these issues, which
national and world literature, the school cannot take into account indicates that the feelings inherent in people are ultimately
the age characteristics of students. It is no coincidence that beauty. "
Binobarin, middle school students often ask the question "why?," Today, attention is increasing to strengthening the sense of self-
ask about the sufficiency and validity of the supposed concepts. awareness in the hearts of students, the issue of preserving their
Adolescents are an important stage in the development of mental national characteristics and on this basis mastering the advanced
abilities. The thinking activities of secondary school students are aspects of world culture is being raised. In this regard, the
independent. They trace the desire for generalization, the search creation of conditions for the study of Uzbek and world literature
for general principles and laws behind specific facts. in the relationship and the introduction of effective methods is
The period of secondary education is important in the formation required in secondary schools. The combination and comparative
of analytical skills of students, since the level of knowledge of study of national and world literature can be considered the
children of this age is insufficient, as in high school. Adolescents optimal way to teach literature in general education schools.
are characterized by their own characteristics: activity, The formation of universal values in the education of a spiritually
insufficient understanding of the specific and historical conditions mature person requires a revision of a number of principles in the
in which the described events took place, lack of life experience. process of literary education. The formation of the artistic
So, there is always an objective psychological impossibility of a language of students, the development of spiritual values is
direct interpretation of realities, stability in aesthetic encouraged through familiarization with Uzbek and world
assessment, solidarity with some types of human experience. literature. Understanding similar phenomena in Uzbek and world
Therefore, high school students tend to look for a path without literature will lead to an understanding of a single literary
defeat. process.
The development of the mind in adolescence is closely related to The study of Uzbek literature in combination with world literature
the development of creative abilities, including not only the is closely related to the scientific and theoretical justification of
development of data, but also the manifestation of intellectual the method of comparative analysis. This problem creates the
initiative and the creation of something new. When explaining to basis for special surveys due to the lack of methodological
high school students about cultural ties, a certain folk life should materials at the reference level. In most theoretical and
be studied in close cooperation with the literature of this people, methodological surveys, opinions are still contradictory that the
in this process it should be brought to reflect the features of world problem of studying the literature of Uzbek and other peoples in
literature. connectivity has been solved.
Comparative study of literary connections and literary influence The question of the study of world and Uzbek literature in
is a common didactic method and mental operation by which continuity is connected, on the one hand, with the mastering by
similarity and differences between things and phenomena can be students in organic relations of the most striking examples of
determined, resulting in a positive effect at all stages of world literature, on the other hand, with the insufficient
education. The psychological and pedagogical justification of the methodological development of the problem of comparative study
comparison creates the basis for its operational side, work with of Uzbek and foreign literature. The basis for the study of Uzbek
various materials. literature in connection with world literature is not only literary
Fiction is intended to describe not the decoration of the life of connections or typological rapprochements, but also a whole
the nation that seems exotic to others, but the inner world, which methodology of comparative historical literary criticism. In the
reflects the most sacred lands characteristic of the population of dynamics of literary education for middle and high schools, the
the nation. As for the nation, it exists in the world of the psyche. need to create systemic instructions before studying language
As you know, you cannot defeat a person with a strong spirit. It relations became clear.
can be physically destroyed, but it is impossible to break and In his youth, the desire to specify methodological directions, the
return out of the way. If this spirit belongs to the whole nation, it study of the artistic word in art schools, the unity of the world
becomes a powerful insurmountable force. literary process associated with interlanguage relations and
Fiction differs from other spheres of social thinking in that this correspondence in the national literature of various peoples,
irresistible force has the ability to indicate the side of

1
Yuldoshev K. To get to know each other, you need to read each
other//Enlightenment. - Oshkent: 2008. – № 6. Article 5.

136
corresponds to the most modern concepts of the study of
interethnic literary relations.
The study of Uzbek literature in connection with world literature 2. Drawing up a plan for organizing a lesson with the study of the
will allow studying specific historical conditions, national features available opinions of students;
and general laws of the literary process. Teaching methodology, 3. The teacher's ability to directly and targeted choose important
theoretical justification of principles and ways of formation of and acceptable episodes, dialogues, images from works on the
skills of independent comparative analysis of literary phenomena basis of which comparative analysis is supposed, preparation of
in students (works of art, authors, methods, etc.), at the same lecture development, sending students for analysis;
time it is advisable to take into account age and comparable 4. How to use the comparative analysis method during the lesson,
opportunities, interests of students. the teacher clearly defines from the very beginning4.
Comparative analysis is considered as a criterion for the formation – адабий асарни санъатнинг бошқа турлари билан солиштириш
of skills and qualifications of students: кабилар
1) determination of psychological and pedagogical conditions for Methodologist K. Yuldoshev, relying on many years of observations
using the comparison method in literary analysis, as well as the in comparison, noted that this approach identified previously
psychological and pedagogical impact of comparison as a unexplained edges of the text, expands the scale of comparable
stimulating factor for independent educational activities of objects, goes beyond the text of the work, images and their
students; prototypes, realism and expressiveness, the attitude of critics to
2) identification of authors of Uzbek and world literature and their this bitics, this work speaking about the coverage by aesthetic
works of fiction, the use of which is effective; creatures of such aspects as their typology, concludes:
3) implementation of the concept of comparative study of the - compare a work of art with its life basis, and images - with
literature in terms of duality, taking into account development prototypes;
factors; - comparison of different versions of the work and different
4) determination of methods within the framework of the editions;
comparison method and their application in the study of the - compare elements such as images, canvases, landscapes and
relationship between national and world literature in the portrait images in a work of art;
educational process; - comparison of bits of different literatures or individual elements
5) coverage of the content in students of the technique of forming in different works;
ideas about the unity of the literary process, artistry, writer's - comparison of views of different scientists on the basis of one
style; work;
6) development of a system of creative tasks for comparison, - comparison of a certain work of one writer with other bits of this
analysis and perception of samples of Uzbek and world literature; author;
The concept of creativity, educational (didactic) analysis aimed - comparison of works of different genres;
at understanding the semantic layers of the text, gives a result
that was made on the basis of effective approaches in literary
education. These approaches include the comparison method.
Comparative analysis is an effective tool for ensuring the
interaction of the literature.
The theory of using the method of comparative analysis was
developed by Russian scientists N.A. Sobolev, N.I. Kudryashev,
A.K. Kiselev, S.S. Raspopova, O.I. Tareva. In particular, in the
study of N.A. Sobolev, the content of the comparison of the
method is aimed at a specific goal; at the base of worthwhile and
important features, based on logical sequence, as well as an
explanation of similarities and differences2.
The Russian methodologist S. Raspopova will put forward the idea
of creating an integral and suitable system of literary education
for schoolchildren to study the literature of different peoples.
Comparative study of literature of different peoples will make it
possible to understand the unity of both national and universal
human values, to understand the general criteria of moral,
aesthetic, spiritual education and a whole literary phenomenon3.
The question of comparative analysis in the field of teaching
methods of Uzbek literature has been studied in the direction of
research topics of such scientists, as M.Mirkosimova,
K.Yuldosheva, K.Husanbaeva, E.Abduvalitov. In particular, in the
research work of M.Mirkosimova on the formation and
improvement of the qualifications of literary analysis of students
is noted, that as part of a comparative study of works created by
different creators or individual writers, the stages of their
creativity growth will be identified, color methods will be studied,
the opportunity to get acquainted with the creative process will
be created. The requirements of this method of comparative
analysis are:
1. First check that the work to be compared has been read by
students;

2 4
Sobolev N.A. Methodical equalizable analysis of productive at school. Mirkosimova M.M. Methods of formation and improvement of
Tutorials. A tool for stednts and three-thousandth verbalists. - Smolensk, qualifications of literary analysis of students. Ped. science. doc.... diss.
1976. - S. 16. autoref. - Takshkent, 1995. - Art. 25
5
Kazakh Sputnik. Comparison - method of increasing the analysis
3
Raspopova S.S. Methods of comparative analysis of Russian and worldly efficiency//Global education and development of the national
literature in a three-volume process of grades 10-11. Autoref. methodology. Materials of the IV traditional Republican Scientific and
kand.ped.nauk. - Moscow, 1998. - S. 47. Practical Conference. - Takshkent, MOSHDUTAU, 2020. - Art. 29

137
- compare a literary work with other types of art5. In the research work of E. Abduvalitov, devoted to the study of
In the research of K. Husanbaeva on teaching students the literature of fraternal peoples in close contact with national
independent thinking, the method of comparing new knowledge is literature, the essence of the concept of comparative study of
assessed as a comparison with previous ones, as a type of literature or comparative studies in literary criticism gives the
independent study of new concepts. "Based on the comparison of following conclusions: comparative study of literature, but not the
topics, it is very difficult to choose educational material as a same phenomenon. Comparative study of the literature of
teacher, as well as to occupy it with students. The reason is that fraternal peoples involves activities in accordance with
this method is always used in various situations, situations. pedagogical logic. The essence of the works compared in
Comparative mastering of complex topics will require ten who are comparative studies is checked from a philological point of view,
not worried about gaining knowledge, and then thought and when comparative study of the literature of fraternal peoples
violence"6. The study mainly focuses on the comparative study of through a comparative analysis of the studied works, students
the images of the heroes of the work. form certain spiritual qualities”7.
Author's style and skill of comparative study of samples of Uzbek because of language. The basis of our lives is language. There's
and world literature in the research of S. Kambarova on the nothing like language in the world.'
organization of independent training; objectivity in the image of The next day, when they ordered to make dishes from the worst,
historical conditions, events and artistic reality; the uniqueness of Aesop prepares the tongue again. "Is there anything in the world
the character of the heroes, or a certain continuity in the other than language? Language brings us scandals, intrigues, liars,
presentation of landscapes of the historical and social period. In screams, envy, conflict, war: what else could be worse than
particular, in the 6th grade, an excerpt from P. Kodirov's work language? "9.
"Starry Nights" by the German writer F. Würtlen "The Prince of During the reviews, it became known that the students are
Andijan" was analyzed in terms of the character of the heroes, familiar with both Aesop's personality and other plot works that
historical conditions; In the 7th grade, the theme and ideological correspond to the worldview. In particular, in the legends of the
proximity of N. Narkobilov's work "Wild Horse" in the book "A wolf ruler of Lukmoni, famous for wisdom and wisdom among the
roamed the valley" will be analyzed: problems of freedom and peoples of the East, when asked by his master, he replied: "The
courage, dedication and fidelity at the heart of the actions of sweetest meat is meat, heart, and language",10 the received
Horse and Wolf Chungalak8. answers was that his words will be narrated.
Comparative analysis and practice The national features of the creating people are not only
Our country has long been one of the centers of mutual dialogue interdisciplinary similarities, but also the teacher's instructions on
and exchange of experience between various peoples and nations the extent to which differences in work, their beliefs, way of
in the social, cultural and economic spheres. This, in turn, may thinking, dreams and important problems for that time are
indicate the spread of Uzbek literature, art and culture at the reflected. - the expression of creativity, style and poetic features
world level and the occupation of its worthy place, or that of the work, as well as to a certain extent the system of state
literature and culture of peoples influenced the national thinking management, the spiritual appearance of the members of society
and spirituality of our people. The study of the spiritual heritage will serve as the basis for reading the fact that several centuries
of the peoples of the world provides a basis for assessing and ago everyone was in the spotlight. For example, in the Eastern
comparing the possibilities of national literature. Experiments and European fairy tale "Language and Heart," it is noted that the
directions in the literature of the peoples of the world are interpretation of moral problems is covered as follows:
synthesized by the traditions of other peoples, which also leads to "A man bought Lukman and persuaded to serve him, testing his
the enrichment of national literature and the improvement of the knowledge and wisdom from time to time. One day by way of
scale of the image. Thus, any literary influence along with the interrogation he ordered:
national traditions of a certain people and the individualization of - Hey Lukman, kill for me a sheep and bring me the best part.
the creator is a phenomenon based on rebirth, partially updates. "All right,”- said Lukman and killed the sheep, and put its tongue
These aspects are especially noticeable on the example of wallets and heart to his master.
in the plot of samples of world and Uzbek folklore. After a significant period, the holder called him again and said:
Similarities in the plot of motifs or works concerning a certain - Hey Lukman, kill for me a sheep and bring me the worst part.
creative life are often found in the oral and written literature of Lukman killed the sheep and raised its heart again with its tongue.
the peoples of the world, including the Uzbek people. This is Holder said:
important for the study of important signs of the biography or - Why did you raise its tongue and heart even if I ask the best part
creativity of the writer. For example, in the 5th grade of of the sheep?
secondary schools, a number of stories by the famous Greek Lukman said:
Freeman Aesop, which opened the eyes of the author's artistic - Hey Holder, if it is pure, then nothing is better than tongue and
accent "I," allow you to compare the plot of Uzbek folk tales or heart. If it is not pure, nothing is worse than them "11.
legends common among the people. For example, it will be Apparently, the fairy tale clearly shows that our ancestors did not
possible to study Aesop's biography in accordance with the ignore not only one-sided, but also mutually exclusive features.
following stories: We can say that the works of different peoples allow us to assess
"When Aesop's master Xanthe orders him to buy the most amazing their vision in the literature of peoples that differ in time and
thing in the world, he buys the tongue of a pig. Roasts the tongue, territory, in the form of nomads in the plot, and in the other -
roasts and cooks in place of the snack. testify to the existing typological similarity between the works.
When he asked: "What could be better and better than language? Thus, the roots of thinking in folklore works in a certain sense
After all, the whole world of philosophy and science does not rely serve as the basis for saying that they arose as a result of
on language? Without language, nothing can be done - neither get, interaction between different peoples.
nor give, nor buy. Rules, laws, regulations in the state - all If esoponic approaches can be regarded as a phenomenon of
creative feeding from the folklore of the peoples of the world (a

8
Kambarova S. Technology for the formation of an independent culture
6
Husanbaeva K. Literature is a factor in the formation of spirituality and of students in the system of general secondary education. Ped. science.
independent thinking. -Toshkent: Publishing house of the National Library doc. (PhD)... diss. - Samarkand, 2019. - p. 53-85.
9
of Uzbekistan named after Alisher Navoi, 2009. - Art. 107 Aesope legends. Translator Mehri Bona. - Tashkent: Art flex, 2010. -
7
Abduvalitov E.B. Comparative study of literature of fraternal peoples in Art. 134.
10
general education schools (on the example of literature lessons of the V- https://qadriyat.uz/ibrat/1273-luqmoni-hakimning-ogliga-qilgan-gozal-
IX classes of schools, whose education is conducted in Uzbek, Kazakh, nasihatlari
11
Kyrgyz, Karakalpak and Turkmen). Ped. science. doc. (DSc)... diss. - http://erkatoy.uz/uzb/kutubxona/ertaklar/4341-til-va-yurak
Takshkent, 2020. - Art. 189

138
combination with the plot of questions in Kalil and Dimna), then, water lip and one eye that held worms and sand in that water.
on the other hand, based on the plot characteristic of his work is One day, one lochin grabbed a thick porridge and threw away
also a tradition in the work of writers of different peoples. For leftover meat. Looking at this, he said to himself: "- This bird
example, in Uzbek literature, this character can be traced in the catches large birds with a small dwarf, and I go with this form and
works of Gulkhani. It is noteworthy that in the work of Gulkhani, admiration to small things. Now try to catch more courgettes,
following the Aesopian traditions will differ from the other in the heels.
image of a system of images, the author's goal, ideas. The question At that point, one courgette wanted to sink into its lip and the
of exit plots in the 6th grade also creates the conditions for eye bounced off it. However, Pigeon flew out from the left side.
comparisons when studying Gulkhani's work "Zarbulmasal." The eye fell on his lip and his mouth sank. After trying to get rid,
The event of the fruitful use of folklore traditions faces a number the laundry rushed, ran and grabbed him and took him home. A
of questions of Aesop's work. In particular, when comparing friend on the road asked him:
Aesop's "Eagle, crown and shepherd" with the Indian folk epic "What's in your hand?"
"Kalila and Dimna," the language of the work, the system of images The washer said:
or harmony in the conclusions will be analyzed. Let's pay attention - Eyes who want to do one dirty job. Superfluous than necessary,
to the following questions: ran and destroyed his life. I put this question so that you know: do
From the question "Eagle, crown and shepherd". Eagle, brutally not do your job, you want to stick to a profession that you will not
landed from a high crown, overturned the lamb. Crown watched come to, and the consequences will be the same.”13.
this, burned with envy and came to him. Crown brazenly went and Thus, similar plots give grounds to draw conclusions from
rushed into the ravine: the paws wrapped in thick wool, failed to circumstances that have arisen for certain reasons, or to promote
take off or escape. Shepherd, seeing him eating in his heart, ideas about what has developed as a reflection of literary ties
immediately grabbed him: shaved his wings and brought him to between different peoples.
the children to drown himself. When asked "What kind of bird is The process of comparative study of issues is planned:
this?" the shepherd replied: "I know what it is, but he considers 1. Familiarization of readers with the collatable text of the work;
himself a eagle?!." 2. Preparation of questions and instructions for the analysis of
At last, I'll mark you by lot and you can't do anything if you works;
laugh”12. 3. Assessment of the authors' ability to visually reflect opinion;
From “Kalila and Dimna”: 4. Identify important features of the images to be mapped;
'There was one washer. Every day he saw a laundry room in the 5. Identification of leading features of issues.
Comparative Characterization of Questions
Comparison object In "The Eagle, the Crow and the In “Kalila and Dimna”
Shepherd"
Language of the work Simple, short and easy to understand
Shepherd Washer

Image system Crow Swan

Eagle Falcon

Lamb Partridge

Shepherds’ kids Washer’s friend

The image of those who tried to do something inappropriate, as a result of which they found
Conclution themselves in a deplorable and funny position, is carried away in a gloomy way

In questions, working on images, it is advisable to point out various characteristic of them from various dictionaries. Then, when the
features of the human character so that allegory is transmitted to author chooses an image, those factors that serve as the basis for
readers in various ways, which is typical for this genre. In this comparison are also clarified. In particular, in this regard,
case, you can use the possibilities of inter-factual integration. students may be charged with identifying features characteristic
Students can be given instructions to draw characters who of birds from the "National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan" and
participated in questions, study descriptions and descriptions reflecting the reasons for their causality in the table:

Figurative meaning of Their characteristic features

images in questions
Biological Allegorical
Crow (Corvus monedula) – subfamily of ant subfamily. Body The image of people who cannot fully
length 30-39 cm. The color is mainly black, the neck appreciate their opportunities in life,
is grayish. There are 4 species. It is found in Europe wanting to show themselves to others with
and Asia. Creeping bird. In Uzbekistan, a child opens their dishonest behavior.
and hugs. It nests on side hooks, window sills of houses The question effectively uses the function
or wooden buckets. In April it lays 4-6 eggs. Within 18- of "movement" in the neighborhood.
20 days, females emerge from their eggs. It feeds on
игвқ, butterflies and their worms, plant seeds.
Destroys insects and benefits 14.
Eagle (Aquila chrysaetus) - a bird from the family of Real features, such as clear receipt of a
predators. The burugut is large, naked and strong. neighboring appointment, efficiency,

12
Akhmedov S., Kokkorov R., Rizaev Sh. Literature: Textbook for 5
14
classes of comprehensive schools. Part I. - Tashkent: East, 2020. - Art.41 National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Letter Z. - Tashkent: State
13
Kalila and Dimna/Translator: Suima Ganieva. - Tashkent: generation of Scientific Publishing House "National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan."
the New Century, 2014. - Art. 243 www. library ziyouz.com. - cl. 74-75

139
 Body length up to 95 cm. Wings reach 62-72 cm, with impartiality, stealth, manifested
a draft of 2 m. Characteristic signs are that the nail themselves in the image of business,
on the toe of the hind leg is longer than 4.2 cm. The thinking people.
color of the spot, the head of the brown. Eagle is
widespread in Europe, Asia and North America. It lives
on an island in Central Asia. It is found in remote
places of mountains and deserts, among rocks, in
saxauls.
Upon reaching adulthood, he is taken out to hunt
rabbits, foxes and even a wolf. Burgut loves his prey
from afar and flies quickly and rushes into it. It
destroys rodents and benefits agriculture. Eagle is
listed in the Red Book of Uzbekistan and other
states15.
Swan Pet swan - a species of bird of the utraximon family. Point to those who don't think about the
The physique of the eye is connected to the ankle, consequences.
long joint, floating toes. The shape of the fog is
diverse: straight, loose, elevated, etc. Some of them
have a dam above the nose. The color of the fingers is
white, gray, brown, penned, etc. The beak is
yellowish red, rarely black16.
Falcon (Falco peregrinus) – A bird belonging to the family of The work is passionate about a powerful
flacons, which is a member of the family of birds of and energetic way.
prey. More than 20 species of beetles are known. The
fashion is large, body length up to 49 cm, wingspan up
to 115 cm, weight up to 1.2 kg. Less than Nari fashion.
Desert and tundra deserts are widespread in Central
Asia.
The desert island lives on the island; the tundra flies
only for wintering. Birds and others feed. Hunting
birds from the desert and tundra17.

A deeper understanding of the meaning of the contribution will containing questions on the left, and articles on the right.
help to combine the conclusions emanating from Aesop questions Adequate placement of appropriate responses also indicates the
with popular articles. In this case, you can use the game "Find a degree of mastery of the topic. For example:
match." Students are given didactic materials in the form of tables
Questions Proverbs
"Shepherd with wild goats" "Pull Your Feet Toward the Bay"
"Weaver with a Deer" "When you'll see one be thankfull, when you'll see other be
thoughtful"
"Climb with the Wolf" "When you find a new friend, do not give up the old one," "Do
not forget about buz when you wear atlas."
"Frogs with a Donkey" "Actionable guilt"
"Salt-laden donkey" "Bad for good"
"The Eagle, the Crow and the Shepherd" "Under the weight, over the lung"
Correct answers:
Questions Proverbs
"Shepherd with wild goats" "When you find a new friend, do not give up the old one," "Do
not forget about buz when you wear atlas."
"Weaver with a Deer" "Actionable guilt"
"Stork with the Wolf" "Bad for good"
"Frogs with a Donkey" "When you'll see one be thankfull, when you'll see other be
thoughtful"
"Salt-laden donkey" "Under the weight, over the lung"
"The Eagle, the Crow and the Shepherd" "Pull Your Feet Toward the Bay"

Comparing, schoolchildren form ideas about the elements of joint plots develop under the influence of the needs, values and
universality, functionality, generalization and compactness traditions of each people.
characteristic of questions.
Йўлдошев Қ. Бир-бирини билиш учун бир-бирини
It can be concluded that questions on various topics that are ўқиш керак // Маърифат. –Тошкент: 2008. – № 6. 5-б.
widely found in the literature of the peoples of the East and the • Ниёзметова Р.Ҳ. Узлуксиз таълим тизимида ўзбек
West are of educational importance at all times in terms of адабиётини ўрганиш методикаси. Монография. –
reflecting the national color of a particular people. We see that Тошкент: Фан, 2007. – 34-б.

15
National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Letter B. - Tashkent: State Scientific Publishing House "National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan." www. library
ziyouz.com. - Art. 704
16
National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Letter G. - Tashkent: State Scientific Publishing House "National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan." www. library
ziyouz.com. - Art. 35
17
National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan. Letter L. - Tashkent: State Scientific Publishing House "National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan." www. library
ziyouz.com. - Art. 189

140
• Соболев Н.А. Методика сравнительного анализа синфлари адабиёт дарслари мисолида). Пед. фан.
художественных произведений в школе. Учеб. док. (DSc) ... дисс. –Тошкент, 2020. – 189-б.
пособие для стеднтов и учителей-словесников. – • Камбарова С. Умумий ўрта таълим тизимида
Смоленск, 1976. – С. 16. ўқувчиларнинг мустақил мутолаа маданиятини
• Распопова С.С. Методы сравнительного анализа шакллантириш технологияси. Пед. фан. док. (PhD) ...
русской и мировой литературы в учебном процессе дисс. – Самарқанд, 2019. – 53-85-б.
10-11 классов. Автореф. канд.пед.наук. – Москва, • Eзоп ҳақида афсоналар. Таржимон Меҳри Бону. –
1998. – С. 47. Тошкент: Art flex, 2010. – 134-б.
• Мирқосимова М.М. Ўқувчиларда адабий таҳлил • Abduvalitov E. Aesthetic Education and Perception in
малакасини шакллантириш ва такомиллаштириш the Teaching of Literature of Fraternal Peoples.
усуллари. Пед. фан. док. ... дисс. автореф. – http://ijmmu.com editor@ijmmu.com
Тошкент, 1995. – 25-б. • Abduvalitov N. Ways of Teaching Samples of World
• Qozoqboy Yo‘ldosh. Qiyoslash – tahlil samaradorligini Literature at Literature Classes by Grene Features.
oshirish usuli //Global ta’lim va milliy metodika http://ijmmu.com editor@ijmmu.com ISSN 2364-5369
taraqqiyoti. IV an’anaviy Respublika ilmiy-amaliy Volume 9, Issue 3 March, 2022 Pages: 219-223.
anjumani materiallari. –Toshkent, ToshDO‘TAU, 2020. – • Sayfulayev B. Structural Features of Uzbek-Kazakh
29-b. Dialectal Phrasemas.
• Аhmedov S., Qo‘chqorov R., Rizayev Sh. Adabiyot: https://cajssh.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJS
Umumiy o‘rta ta’lim maktablarining 5-sinfi uchun SH/article/view/311
darslik. I qism. – Toshkent: Sharq, 2020. – 41-b. • Yusupov B.B. Motherland and Patriotism in the Lyrics of
• Kalila va Dimna / Tarjimon: Suyima G‘aniyeva. – Tulegen Aibergenov.
Toshkent: Yangi asr avlodi, 2014. – 243-b. https://ijssrr.com/journal/issue/view/28
• Ўзбекистон Миллий Энциклопедия. – Тошкент: • Duysabaeva D. Formation of Linguo-Culturological
“Ўзбекистон Миллий Энциклопедияси” Давлат илмий Competence of Future Native Language Specialists.
нашриёти. www. ziyouz.com кутубхонаси. – 74–75-б. https://ijssrr.com/journal/issue/view/21.
• Ҳусанбоева Қ. Адабиёт – маънавият ва мустақил фикр • Abduvalitov N. The Function In The Process Of Literary
шакллантириш омили. –Тошкент: Алишер Навоий Education. Journal of Phamaceutical Negative Results:
номидаги Ўзбекистон миллий кутубхонаси нашриёти, Volume 13: Special Issue 5: 2022. - P: 1729-1733.
2009. – 107-б. • Omanova М.А. The traditional motives in the plot and
• Абдувалитов Е.Б. Умумий ўрта таълим мактабларида composition of realistic novels // “Theoretical &
қардош халқлар адабиётини қиёсий ўрганиш (таълим Applied Science” International Scientifik journal
ўзбек, қозоқ, қирғиз, қорақалпоқ ва туркман Philadelphia, USA. 2019. - P. 412-415. (Impact Factor -
тилларида олиб бориладиган мактабларнинг V–IX 8.7).

141