Lesson 3

III/ Các dạng câu hỏi trong reading VSTEP

1. Dạng câu hỏi tìm ý chính

Hình thức trực tiếp Hình thức gián tiếp

 What is the main idea of paragraph  Which of the following could best describe the
1? (Nội dung chính của đoạn 1 là message that the author wants to pass to
gì?) readers? (Ý nào dưới đây miêu tả đúng nhất
thông điệp mà tác giả muốn truyền tải đến người
 Which of the following best
đọc?)
expresses the main idea of this
passage? (Đáp án nào dưới đây  Which of the following conclusions can be drawn
truyền tải nội dung của bài đọc đúng from this passage? (Kết luận nào dưới đây được
nhất? ) rút ra từ b

 What is the main topic of this

passage? (Chủ đề của bài đọc này là
gì?)

Tips:

- Đọc lướt nhanh ( skimming).

- Chú ý câu đầu tiên hoặc câu cuối cùng của đoạn văn hoặc bài đọc.

- Đọc các từ then chốt trong phần còn lại của văn bản.

- Cần chú ý đến những từ được lặp đi lặp lại thường xuyên.

Ví dụ 1:

A mural is a painting that is made on a wall instead of on canvas. Many people

are interested in mural art because it is the oldest form of painting. It started

thousands of years ago as simple cave paintings of animals and humans. Mural

art started simply, but the history of murals is not that simple, Famous European

artists, like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, created some of the most

beautiful mural paintings ever. Artists still paint murals today. Some modern

artists use their paintings to express their political ideas. The next time you want to paint a picture, why
not make a mural?

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Art can teach us many things.

 B. Mural art has a long and interesting history.

C. We can make a mural anywhere.

D. Mural artists use many things to draw.

Vi du 2:

Five thousand years ago, Egyptian art was the most advanced art ever known. The ancient Egyptians
created many great works of art. Egyptian art is most famous for great paintings, statues, pottery and
unique buildings. The Egyptian artists tried to make art that accurately showed humans, the world and
their spiritual beliefs. The artists were so skilled that many examples of Egyptian art still exist today, like
the Sphinx and the pyramids. They even used painted pictures and symbols, called hieroglyphs, to write
with.

What is the main point of the passage?

A. Egyptian art was very beautiful and unique.

B. Egyptians used art to show their symbols.

C. Egyptian art was the same as other cultures.

D. Egyptians were skilled at only one type of art.

Vi du 3:

Leonardo da Vinci was considered one of the most influential geniuses. He created many inventions and
made numerous discoveries. However, science was not his only interest. He was also a great painter. He
had a gift for making his art look very realistic. Only a few of his paintings still survive today, but they are
some of the most famous paintings ever made. His masterpieces are the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
Leonardo was a great artist and his skill at painting will inspire others forever.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Leonardo da Vinci's family and friends

B. Leonardo da Vinci's realistic paintings

C. Leonardo da Vinci's scientific discoveries

D. Leonardo da Vinci's creative ideas.

Vi du 4:

In north-central France, the tiny village of Barbizon lies nestled at the edge of the vast forest of
Fontainebleau. Despite this region's unassuming appearance, it has served as the center of two major
art movements.

The first of these, known as the School of Fontainebleau, took place over two periods. The initial period
commenced in 1531, and most of the artists involved were Italians, including Rosso Fiorentino and
Francesco Primaticcio. They were invited by the French king, Francis I, to work on a hunting lodge
located in the forest of Fontainebleau. It was the king's goal to gather great artists and architects to
renovate it into an extravagant royal residence.

The Italians were Mannerists and were strongly influenced by the style of Michelangelo. Their work was
characterized by the heavy use of stucco, and their paintings, featuring bright colors and strong lines,
often contained elongated figures. From 1584 to 1594, work was abandoned due to the ongoing Wars of
Religion. Upon cessation of the violence, a new group of artists was gathered to continue the
renovation. This second school was led mainly by French and Flemish artists, and similar in style to the
first school, their works featured a greater depth of composition and stronger contrast between light
and shadow.

The region's second art movement rose to prominence centuries later and existed from roughly 1830 to
1870. The beginnings of the movement, later dubbed the Barbizon School, can be found in an 1824
exhibition of the paintings of John Constable in Paris. Instead of following the period's rigid insistence on
painting scenes of historical importance, they began to focus on nature, so they traveled outside the city
to paint in the open air, with the forest of Fontainebleau a favored destination.

During the European revolutions in 1848, many of these young painters, including Théodore Rousseau
and Jean-François Millet, fled Paris altogether and gathered in the village of Barbizon. There, they
continued to focus on painting landscapes but began to include human figures - primarily farmers and
peasants - in much of their work. The Barbizon School influenced a number of young painters, including
Monet and Renoir, who went on to form the next great art movement, Impressionism.

Today, Barbizon and Fontainebleau are popular tourist destinations. The village is home to many art
galleries, but the focus is more on celebrating the region's storied past than on contemporary art.

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. France has been the site of numerous art movements.

B. Two art movements occurred in the same rural region.

C. A pair of competing art schools founded a French town.

D. Barbizon is home to many schools of artists.

2. Which of the following is paragraph 4 mostly about?

A. The early period of the Barbizon School

B. How the Barbizon School rose to prominence

C. Nature as the main focus of the Barbizon School

D. Why Fontainebleau was popular among the Barbizon School artists.

2. Dạng câu hỏi từ vựng/đại từ

a. Dạng câu hỏi chọn từ vựng.

The word “….” In paragraph… is closet in meaning to…

The word “….” In paragraph… could best be replaced by….

The word “…” in paragraph…. Most likely means…

Which of the following words can best replace the word “…..” in line “..”?

Tips:

- Ta dựa vào nội dung phía trước hay hay phía sau của từ để suy luận ra nghĩa của từ đó.

Ví dụ:

……Professor Phuong's hobby is philately. The professor has been quite interested in collecting stamps
for a number of years.....

Câu hỏi:

The word "philately" in the passage could best be replaced by

A. teaching class

B. stamp collecting

C. a common profession

D. a philanthropic attitude

- Ta dựa vào từ định nghĩa ( Defilition clues) thông qua các cụm từ được dung để giải
thích hoặc cung cấp định nghĩa của từ mới như is, definied as, is called, refers to, means,
which is….

Ví dụ:

A player hitting a homer, which is to hit a home run, is something that fans look forward to at every
baseball game. It is a source of excitement when the bat swings and the ball goes sailing through the air.
Sometimes the ball lands in the field. Sometimes the ball flies into the seats.

Câu hỏi:

The word "homer" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. baseball game

B. baseball bat

C. home run

D. bat swing

- Đôi khi từ vựng có thể được giải thích thông qua các các cụm từ ví dụ: e.g, such as, for
example, for instance.
 - Ta dựa vào từ đồng nghĩa ( symnonym)/ từ trái nghĩa ( antonym)

Ví dụ:

Dinosaurs were ancient species of reptiles. They lived on Earth for 160 million years. Some dinosaurs
were as small as rabbits while others were enormous. Some ate meat, and others ate plants.

Câu hỏi:

The word "enormous" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. huge

B. active

C. scary

D. skillful

- Tạ dựa vào phép chấm câu (punctuation clues) như dấu gạch ngang, dấu phẩy, dấu
ngoặc đơn.

Ví dụ:

The incident attracted a lot of attention among journalists. First a cartoon - drawn by Clifford K.
Berryman to make fun of this situation appeared in the Washington Post, and the cartoon was widely
distributed and reprinted throughout the country. Then toy manufacturers began producing a toy bear
which they called a "teddy bear." The teddy bear became the most widely recognized symbol of
Roosevelt's presidency.

Câu hỏi:

The word "cartoon" in the passage could best be described as

A. a newspaper

C. a newspaper article

B. a type of teddy bear

D. a drawing with a message

B. Câu hỏi về đại từ

The word “…” in line ….refers to …

Tips:

- Xem xét nội dung phía trước đại từ đã cho.

- Xác định đai từ là số ít hay số nhiều. người hay vật, nữ hay là nam.
Ví dụ:

The Wish-Makers

There are many children around the world with terminal illnesses. For these children, time is short.
They may only have a few years or even months to live. The Make-A-Wish foundation tries to help these
children by 5 making their last wishes possible. Some children may want to visit a special place or meet a
famous person.

The Make-A-Wish foundation started with one little boy, Chris Grecius. Chris dreamed of being a police
officer, but he was very sick Before he died, the Arizona police department and many other people
worked 10 hard to grant him his wish. They made him an honorary police officer and made a special
uniform for him. Chris died shortly after that, but not before he got his greatest wish.

1. Which of the following best explains the term terminal illnesses?

(A) Very sick children

(B) Illnesses which cannot be cured

(C) Very serious illnesses

(D) Ilnesses which last for a long time

2. The word They in the passage refers to

(A) Make-A-Wish foundation

(B) Children

(C) Terminal illnesses

(D) Years

3. The word grant in the passage is closest in meaning tore to

(A) cure

(B) live

(C) give

(D) buy

Bài tập

Ví dụ 1:

Do you know someone who is extremely shy? Is it hard to get them to engage in a conversation? Do
they only give short answers, or do they try to end the conversation quickly? Then maybe you know
someone with social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder is a mental problem in which a person gets
very uncomfortable around other people. It is generally not a serious problem and can usually be
treated easily by a psychologist.
The word "engage" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. avoid

B. take part

C. enjoy

D. listen

Ví dụ 2:

Many people believe that Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. However, he was not
actually the first person to "discover" it. Native Americans were the first people to find America. They
walked on a land bridge to America from Asia. Later, around 990 AD the Vikings discovered America in
voyages from their colonies in Greenland. Some historians also believe that the Chinese discovered
America during their sea travels of 1421.

1. The word "discovered" in the passage could best be replaced by

A. selected

B. developed

C. examined

D. found

2. The word "voyages" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. travels

B. castles

C. rowboats

D. balloons

Ví dụ 3:

Ancient Greece is thought to be the root of European cultures. The Greek culture influenced the Romans
who spread the Greek ideas through their empire to most of Europe. Ancient Greek culture influenced
others in almost every way. It was especially influential in politics, philosophy, science and art. Ancient
Greece also invented theater as we know it, and even the Olympic Games. The

height of ancient Greek culture lasted for about 1,000 years. Centuries later, European artists, scientists
and philosophers studied ancient Greece and were inspired to create the masterpieces of the
Renaissance.

1. The word "root" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. basis

B. part
C. underground

D. imitation

2. The word "influenced" in the passage could best be replaced by

A. created

B. affected

C. damaged

D. borrowed from

Ví dụ 4:

Insect Navigation

Most ants live in colonies, which are large nests that have many inhabitants. They travel several
kilometers each day to find sufficient food. In order to do this, ants must be skilled in navigating through
new areas.

When an ant first discovers a source of food, it will use special chemicals to create a trail leading back to
the nest. Other ants will then follow the tracks to the food. This method is very slow, because the ants
must travel with their antennas to the ground in order to detect the chemical trail. However, once an
ant has completed the trip, it will remember landmarks and other visual clues. This will allow the ant to
move much more quickly the next time it travels to the food. Some species of ant use other methods of
navigation. For example, many ants can count the number of steps they take to reach a destination. An
ant that does this is able to determine how far it must travel to reach its objective. Scientists hope that
more research will provide further information about these striking abilities.

1. The word They in the passage refers to

(A) ants

(B) colonies

(C) nests

(D) inhabitants

2. The word striking in the passage is closest in meaning to

(A) rare

(B) useful

(C) interesting

(D) remarkable

Ví dụ 5:
 1. The word "bound" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) led (B) protected (C) tied (D) strengthened

2. The National Republican party is mentioned in line 8 as an example of a group

(A) from Baltimore (B) of learned people

(C) owning a hotel (D) holding a convention

3. The word "assembling" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

(A) announcing (B) motivating (C) gathering (D) contracting

4. The word "ones" in line 16 refers to

(A) hotels (B) conventions (C) kinds (D) representatives

5. The word "it" in line 23 refers to

(A) European inn (B) host (C) community (D) public