DESIGN WIND PRESSURE (C&C) NSCP 2015

USER’S GUIDE V2.0

By: Engr. CGH

Introduction:

This guide is a continuation of the Design Wind Pressure (MWFRS) User’s Guide
V2.0. We will now focus on the wind calculation for Components & Cladding (C&C).
Please do note that we will not discuss the wind calculation for walls (C&C), and this
guide is strictly for roof trusses and purlins only. This spreadsheet is also limited to
enclosed and partially enclosed low rise buildings with heights of less than 18m.

Components & Cladding (C&C)

Also note that the procedure I used to calculate the Design Wind Pressure for C&C
is according to NSCP 2015 Section 207E. The steps in the calculation are almost
the same with the MWFRS. Unlike the MWFRS, which uses a directional procedure,
the C&C uses an envelope procedure in its calculation.

The difference between directional and envelope procedure is that the directional
procedure must be analyzed in different directions of the wind (X and Z directions)
while the envelope procedure is already analyzed for all directions of the wind and
you can use the pressures calculated here at any wind direction (X and Z directions)
We will follow the steps as listed in Table 207E.4-1 in NSCP 2015 C&C Wind Loads
Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Low-rise Buildings. Please turn to page 2-93 of the
NSCP 2015 7th edition-2nd printing.

We will follow this step by step in our spreadsheet program using a two-storey
residential structure for a single family dwelling and is located at Cabanatuan City,
Nueva Ecija. The location of the structure also shows that it is in an urban area
surrounded by other residential houses in their neighborhood.

Length = 7m, Width = 5m, Ground floor to 2nd floor height = 2.7m,

2nd floor to roof beam = 2.4m, roof beam to apex = 0.8m

Mean Roof Height (h) = 2.7 + 2.4 + (0.8/2) = 5.5m

1. General Requirements (NSCP 2015 Section 207.A)

In the Spreadsheet, you will see this section where you are asked to put your inputs on
blue cells only. These are the General Requirements Section 207A of the NSCP 2015.
We will now discuss the different requirements under this section.

Occupancy Category

You may select what category your building fits into using the table above, for our
structure, we will use Category IV-Standard Occupancy.
Basic Wind Speed (V)

After determining the occupancy category for our structure, next is the basic wind
speed (V). To determine the basic wind speed, we need to turn to Figure 207A.5-1A,
B or C of the NSCP 2015.

Since our structure is an occupancy category IV, we will use the corresponding figure
for it which is Figure 207A.5-C Basic Wind Speeds for Occupancy Category IV and
V Buildings and Other Structures. Tracing Cabanatuan City approximately on the
lines, we say that the Basic Wind Speed for our structure is V=260kph.
Wind directionality factor (Kd)

We now proceed to determine the Wind directionality factor (Kd). We will use Section
207A.6 and Table 207A.6-1.

Since we are analyzing the Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS), we will use
Kd=0.85 from the table above. Please do note that I did not color the cell blue on the
spreadsheet since it can only be used for MWFRS and C&C.

Exposure Category

To determine the exposure category, we need to look into section 207A.7 of the NSCP
2015. The Surface Roughness Categories describes the type of environment our
structures is located.

Surface roughness B: With wind obstructions nearby such as urban and suburban
areas.

Surface roughness C: Open terrain with scattered obstructions such as flat plains with
some trees and other structures.

Surface roughness D: Totally flat, and unobstructed environment such as the sea.

(Please refer to the code references below for additional information)

Our two-storey residential structure is located in a suburban area in Cabanatuan City
where there are multiple structures that serves as an obstruction for the wind. The
structure’s mean roof height is also below 9 meters in height (h=5.5m). Therefore,
based on section 207A.7.3, we can say that the exposure category is B.

Topographic Factor (Kzt)

This factor only applies to structures that are located on top of a hill, near the ridges
and escarpments where there are abrupt changes in the general topography. You can
check this on NSCP 2015 section 207A.8. Since our structure is not located on the
environments stated above, therefore we will specify that Kzt=1.0 as stated in NSCP
2015 section 207A.8.2.

The spreadsheet designt limits that Kzt must only be equal to 1.0 but if you would
like to calculate for the value of Kzt, I suggest that you do it manually then enter it in
the spreadsheet.
Enclosure Classification

NSCP 2015 Section 207A.10 describes the different classifications used in

determining the internal pressure coefficients for all buildings. The classifications are
the following:

a) Enclosed
b) Partially Enclosed
c) Open

We classify our two-storey residential structure as an “enclosed” building in the

spreadsheet.
 Internal Pressure Coefficient (GCpi)

To determine the internal pressure coefficient (GCpi), we use Table 207A.11-1 in

section 207A.11 of NSCP 2015. As shown on the table, our structure has an internal
pressure coefficients of GCpi = +0.18 and -0.18.

We are now done with the NSCP 2015 Section 207A General Requirements. Let us
now proceed with the Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient.

2. Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient, (Kz or Kh)

The velocity pressure exposure coefficient Kz corresponds to the height(z) of the

structure being analyzed. I personally use Kz per floor, like in the spreadsheet where I
use Kz1 for the ground floor to the 2nd floor. You can list as many Kz as you would like
depending on the height of your structure.

Kh corresponds to the coefficient at the mean roof height (h). This is where we expect
the largest value of the wind design pressure to exist.

Values of Kz and Kh can be interpolated using Table 207B.3-1 but it can also be
calculated using the formula listed below the table.
 You can use the formula provided or you
can use the table provided to determine
the coefficients. Interpolation of values is
allowed in the given table. The values we
used for our structure are:

For Exposure B, Zg=365.76, α=7

(4.5m<z<Zg)

3. Velocity Pressure (qz or qh)

The Velocity Pressure for each storey height (qz) or at the mean roof height (qh) is
determined by using section 207B.3.2 equation 207B.3-1
 Since we have all the values needed to calculate qz, you can directly substitute those
values to determine qz or qh. You can use the spreadsheet as our reference for your
calculation.

In the spreadsheet, the calculated Velocity Pressure value is:

4. External Pressure Coefficients (GCp)

In determining GCp, we need to calculate first the roof angle and the effective wind
area which we will use according to Figure 207E.4-1 of NSCP 2015.

Roof angle =
Effective Wind Area (Purlins) = Purlin Length * Purlin Spacing = 7m*0.62m = 4.34sqm
Effective Wind Area (Roof Truss) = Length*spacing = 2.5m*1.75m = 4.375sqm (take
as 4.34sqm)

After determining the parameters stated above, we need to discuss the different
Zones first before proceeding with the determination of GCp.

Gable Roof Zones

Zone 1 refers to the interior part of the roof that is least stressed compared to the
other zones. Zone 2 is the edge area of the roof and is stressed more than zone 1 and
less than zone 3. Zone 3 is the corner part of the roof and is highly stressed zone
compared to the other zones.
You may notice that there is a length “α” indicated at the figure above. This parameter
is determined by the smaller value of (10% of least horizontal dimension) and (0.4h),
but the value of α must not be less than (4% of least horizontal dimension) or (0.9m).

Now that we know the different zones and how to calculate the value of α, we can now
proceed to determine the GCp.

We will choose the corresponding figure to the roof angle we have calculated and we
will interpret the graph. Below is the list of the figures from NSCP 2015.

For Gable Roofs , : use Figure 207E.4-2A

For Gable/Hip Roofs , : use Figure 207E.4-2B
For Gable Roofs , : use Figure 207E.4-2C

Since our structure has a roof angle of , we will use Figure 207.4-2B

Figure 207E.4-2B from NSCP 2015

Since the type of roof that we are analyzing is a gable roof, we will use the figure that
corresponds to a gable roof from Figure 207E.4-2B.

We will rely on our eyes in determining the values for the different GCp’s. I personally
draw a line on the graph and then I try to spot the intersection of the line I drew to the
lines that correspond to different zones. The points where those lines intersect are the
values for GCp of the different zones.

The External Pressure Coefficient GCp has positive and negative values. The negative
values are enclosed in a green box while the positive values are enclosed in a yellow
box.

For the negative -GCp, Zone 1, 2, and 3 has different values and for the positive
+GCp, zone 1, 2, and 3 has the same values.

Since the effective wind area we calculated for the purlins and truss is 4.34sqm, the
corresponding values of GCp are the following:

For (–GCp):
Zone 1: -GCp = -0.83, Zone 2: -GCp = -1.4, Zone 3: -GCp = -2.25

For (+GCp):
Zone 1: -GCp = 0.4, Zone 2: -GCp = 0.4, Zone 3: -GCp = 0.4
 We will input the values of GCp that we got from the figure to the spreadsheet to
determine the Wind Pressures. We will now proceed with the calculation of the
Design Wind Pressure for C&C.

5. Design Wind Pressure (p)

This is the final step in our User’s guide and when the Design Wind Pressure is
calculated, it can be used as the wind load for your manual structural analysis for
C&C.

To determine the Design Wind Pressure (p), we will refer to section 207E.4 and
equation 207E.4-1
For +Gcpi: (+GCpi) = 0.18, qh = 1646.674Pa,

(–GCp):
Zone 1: -GCp = -0.83, Zone 2: -GCp = -1.4, Zone 3: -GCp = -2.25

Zone 1:
Zone 2:
Zone 3:

(+GCp):
Zone 1: -GCp = 0.4, Zone 2: -GCp = 0.4, Zone 3: -GCp = 0.4

Zone 1:
Zone 2:
Zone 3:

For -Gcpi: (-GCpi) = -0.18, qh = 1646.674Pa,

*(Repeat the calculations for +Gcpi but change the value to -0.18)

The resulting Design Wind Pressures will be the following:

We consider both positive (+GCpi) and negative (GCpi) internal pressure coefficients
and we get the maximum values out of the calculated Design Wind Pressures.

These pressures can be used in your manual structural analysis. I personally multiply
these pressures with the effective wind area of purlins for purlin analysis or multiply to
the effective wind area of the roof truss for truss analysis.

I will demonstrate how I apply the Design Wind Pressure for roof on purlin analysis on
the next page.
Purlin Spacing = 0.62m, α = 0.9m (base on spreadsheet calculation)

For Positive Pressure:

Zone 1,2, and 3: p=0.955kPa,

W = 0.955kPa*0.62m = 0.592kN/m

For Negative Pressure:

Zone 1: p = -1.663kPa

W = -1.663kPa *0.62m = -1.031kN/m

Zone 2: p = -2.602kPa

W = -2.602kPa *0.62m = -1.613kN/m

Zone 3: p = -4.0kPa

W = -4.0kPa *0.62m = -2.48kN/m

Design Pressure Application to Purlins

Final Notes:

The same Design Wind Pressure Application to purlins procedure can be used to
determine the uniform line loads for the roof truss. I did not demonstrated it here since
it is straightforward the same procedure with what was shown for the purlins.

Please also be reminded that the pressure calculation for the wall cladding and roof
overhang are not included in this guide.

If you wish to calculate for the wall cladding or the roof overhang, just change the
values for the external pressure coefficients (GCp) that corresponds to their respective
figures and graphs. Once you got those coefficients, you can then input it to the
spreadsheet and it will give you the Design Wind Pressure for what you analyzed.

The spreadsheet and this guide is strictly for studying purposes only and must be used
with caution when applying it to your personal projects.

Please be advised that you and only will be liable in using the spreadsheet.

Thank you for reading my guide and I hope that this guide opened some doors for you
to learn and study more in the future.

-Engr. CGH

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