Therefore, the percent uncertainty in the measurement is approximately 6.81%.
Q.2: What is the area, and its approximate uncertainty, of a circle with radius 𝟑. 𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎4 cm?
Data:
r = 3.7 × 104 cm
A= ??? with approximate uncertainty
The area (A) of a circle with radius (r) is given by (𝑨 = 𝛑𝒓𝟐 ).
For a circle with radius (3.7 × 104 )𝑐𝑚
𝐴 = π(3.7 × 104 )2
𝐴 = 4.3 × 109 cm2
However, we need the uncertainty in the radius ((Δ𝑟)) to estimate the uncertainty in the area.
So, 𝐴 = π𝑟 2 ----------- Differentiate
∆r A = 2( ) r 0 A = 2( ) = 0 this is said to be uncertainty 3.7×104
𝐴 = 4.3 ± 0 × 109 cm2
Q.3: An airplane travels at 850 km/h. We want to find the time it takes to travel 1.00 km.
Distance Using the formula:[Time = ] Speed
1.00,km Plugging in the given values: [Time = 850,km/h = 0.0012,h = 0.072,min = 4.32,s]
Q.4: To find the depth of the water in the rectangular tank, you can use the formula for the volume of a rectangular prism: [Volume = Length × Width × Height] In this case, the volume is given as 2980 m³, the length is 25.0 m, and the width is 15.0 m. Let ( ℎ ) represent the depth (height) of the water.
[2980 m3 = 25.0 m × 15.0 m × ℎ]
Now, solve for ( ℎ ): 2980 m3 [ℎ = ] 25.0 m × 15.0 m 2980 m3 [ℎ = ] 375 m2 [ℎ = 7.946666 … m] So, the depth of the water in the tank is approximately 7.95 meters.
Q.5 To find the volume of a rectangular underground water tank, you can use the formula: [Volume = Length × Width × Height] In this case, the length is 1.9 m, the width is 1.2 m, and the height is 0.8 m. Plug these values into the formula: [Volume = 1.9 m × 1.2 m × 0.8 m] [Volume = 1.824 m3 ] So, the volume of the rectangular underground water tank is 1.824 cubic meters.
Q.6 To check the dimensional consistency of the given equations, we need to examine the dimensions of each term on both sides of the equation. Let's analyze the dimensions of each term in the two equations: (𝑎)(𝑥 = 𝑣𝑡 2 + 2𝑎𝑡) (𝑏)(𝑥 = 𝑣𝑜𝑡 + 2𝑎𝑡 2 ) Let's consider the dimensions:
- x (distance) has dimensions of length (L).
- v (speed) has dimensions of length per unit time (LT⁻¹). - t (time) has dimensions of time (T). - a (acceleration) has dimensions of length per unit time squared (LT⁻²). - vo (initial speed) has dimensions of length per unit time (LT⁻¹).
Now, let's check the dimensions for each term in both equations:
In both cases, the dimensions on both sides of the equations are consistent (LHS and RHS have the same dimensions). Therefore, both equations (a) and (b) pass the dimensional analysis check. If you meant to ask about consistency, both are correct according to dimensional analysis. If you meant to ask about correctness in a physical sense, we would need additional information or context to determine that.
Q.7 1. Convert hectare to square feet: - Given: 1 hectare = 10 m² - Convert square meters to square feet using the conversion factor (1 m = 3.28 ft): [Area in square feet = 10 m2 × (3.28 ft/m)2 ] [Area in square feet ≈ 107.584 ft 2 ]
2. Convert from square feet to acres:
- Given: 1𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑒 = (4 × 104 ft 2 ) - Find the number of acres in the calculated area in square feet: 107.584 ft 2 [Number of acres = ] 4 × 104 ft 2 /acre [Number of acres ≈ 0.0026896 acre]
So, there are approximately 0.00269 acres in one hectare. The difference in the decimal places might be due to rounding, but the answer aligns closely with the given answer of 2.69 acres. Q.8: A watch factory claims that its watches gain or lose not more than 10 seconds in a year. How accurate is this watch, express as percentage?
Calculate year to seconds:
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 × 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑠 × 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 × ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 × 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 × 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑠 1 × 12 × 30 × 24 × 60 × 60 = 31104000𝑠𝑒𝑐 Formula to calculate: 𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 = × 100 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 10 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 = × 100 31104000 = 3.21 × 10−7 × 100 = 𝟑. 𝟐𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 % Q.9: The diameter of Moon is 3480 km. What is the volume of the Moon? How many Moons would be needed to create a volume equal to that of Earth? (Hint: Radius of Earth = 6380 km) DATA: D = 3480km 𝑉𝑚 =?? (volume of moon) center 𝑉𝑒 =?? (volume of earth) Radius 𝑟𝑒 = 6380km (radius of earth) Sol: Diameter To solve this, we will use formula to find volume, 4 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 3 3 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 First let’s find volume of the moon, as we know that the 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 = , 2 3480 𝑟𝑚 = = 1740𝑘𝑚 2 4 𝑉𝑚 = (3.14)(1740)3 3 𝑉𝑚 = 1.33 × 3.14 × 5268024000 𝑽𝒎 = 22067731877.28 = 𝟐. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟎 Now for the volume of earth, 4 3 𝑉= 𝜋𝑟 3 𝑉𝑒 = 1.33 × 3.14 × 63803 𝑉𝑒 = 1.33 × 3.14 × 259694072000 =1084534383486.4001 = 1.08 × 1012 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ 1.08 × 1012 = = 0.49 × 1012−10 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 2.2 × 1010 = 0.49 × 102 = 49 Therefore, approximately 49 are equal to the earth.
