A study on Sustainable supply chain practices at bigbasket in Bengaluru.

CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION:

This study examines the sustainable supply chain practices implemented by BigBasket,
India's leading online grocery retailer, with a focus on its operations in Bengaluru. As e-
commerce continues to grow rapidly, the environmental impact of these businesses has
become a critical concern. BigBasket has taken significant steps towards sustainability,
making it an ideal case study for analyzing effective eco-friendly practices in the online
grocery sector.

The research investigates BigBasket's key initiatives, including its electric vehicle fleet, solar
power generation in warehouses, support for organic farmers, and innovative waste
management strategies. By assessing these practices, the study aims to provide valuable
insights into the challenges and opportunities of implementing sustainable supply chain
operations in the e-commerce industry.

BigBasket's commitment to sustainability is particularly noteworthy given the complex nature

of grocery supply chains, which involve perishable goods, frequent deliveries, and extensive
packaging. The company's efforts to balance environmental responsibility with customer
satisfaction and business growth offer a unique perspective on sustainable e-commerce
practices.

This comprehensive analysis will not only evaluate the environmental impact of BigBasket's
initiatives but also explore their economic viability and potential for scalability. The study
will consider the broader implications of these practices, including their effect on customer
perception, operational efficiency, and long-term business sustainability. Furthermore, the
research will contextualize BigBasket's efforts within the larger framework of sustainable
development goals and India's environmental policies. By examining the company's
collaborations with local farmers, renewable energy providers, and waste management
facilities, the study will highlight the importance of partnerships in creating a sustainable
supply chain ecosystem.

The findings of this study will contribute to the broader understanding of sustainable e-
commerce practices and may serve as a blueprint for other companies seeking to reduce their
environmental footprint while maintaining operational efficiency. Additionally, it will
provide insights into the role of technology in enabling and enhancing sustainable practices in
the digital retail space.
INDUSTRY PROFILE

Industry Type: India’s e-commerce industry

India's e-commerce industry has emerged as a dynamic and rapidly growing sector,
revolutionizing the way people shop and conduct business. This digital marketplace has
experienced exponential growth over the past decade, driven by increasing internet
penetration, smartphone adoption, and changing consumer preferences. The industry
encompasses a wide range of products and services, including retail, travel, food delivery,
and digital payments.

E-commerce in India has transformed from a niche market to a mainstream shopping channel,
catering to both urban and rural consumers. The sector has witnessed the rise of homegrown
giants like Flipkart and Paytm, as well as the entry of global players such as Amazon. The
COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated the adoption of online shopping, pushing even
traditional retailers to embrace digital platforms. With a young, tech-savvy population and a
growing middle class, India's e-commerce industry is poised for continued expansion and
innovation in the coming years.

MARKET SIZE

The Indian e-commerce market has shown remarkable growth and is projected to continue its
upward trajectory. According to recent estimates, the market size is expected to reach USD
112.93 billion in 2024 and is forecasted to grow to USD 299.01 billion by 2029, with a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.5% during this period.
The industry's expansion is evident across various segments. The e-retail market is
anticipated to surpass USD 160 billion by 2028, while in 2023, it was valued between USD
57-60 billion. The Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce sector is also showing
significant growth, with projections indicating it could reach USD 325 billion by 2030.

This rapid growth is attributed to factors such as increasing internet penetration, with India
boasting over 918 million internet subscribers as of September 2023. The rural internet
subscriber base, in particular, has seen substantial growth, currently standing at 375.66
million subscribers. The market's expansion is further supported by the rising number of
online shoppers, which is expected to reach 220 million by 2025.

INVESTMENTS/ RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

The Indian e-commerce industry has attracted significant investments and witnessed notable
developments in recent years:

1. Funding and Investments:

Flipkart, a leading e-commerce platform, is poised to raise USD 1 billion in a new funding
round, with its parent company Walmart expected to contribute USD 600 million.

Google LLC is investing USD 350 million in Flipkart as part of the funding round led by
Walmart. This investment aims to expand Flipkart's business and modernize its digital
infrastructure. These investments highlight the confidence of global tech giants in the Indian
e- commerce market and will likely fuel further growth and innovation in the sector.

2. Tata Group's Digital Push:

In October 2023, Tata Group announced a USD 1 billion investment in its super app, Tata
Neu, in addition to the USD 2 billion previously invested in its digital division earlier that
year.

This significant investment by one of India's largest conglomerates underscores the growing
importance of digital platforms and e-commerce in the country's business landscape.

3. Government e-Marketplace (GeM) Growth:

The GeM platform has seen remarkable growth, with its Gross Merchandise Value (GMV)
doubling in FY24 to cross the Rs. 4 Lakh Crore (USD 47.96 billion) mark.
This growth was driven by a 205% surge in the procurement of services, which accounted for
nearly 50% of the total GMV. The success of GeM demonstrates the increasing adoption of e-
commerce platforms even in government procurement processes, indicating a broader shift
towards digital transactions across sectors.

4. Online Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) Expansion:

ONDC has made significant strides in democratizing e-commerce by creating an open and
inclusive network where buyers and sellers can connect directly.

In two years since its launch, ONDC has onboarded over 2.3 Lakh diverse sellers and service
providers, including 3000 Farmer Producer Organisations, 400+ Self-Help Groups, micro,
small, and medium enterprises, and large enterprises The rapid growth of ONDC showcases
the potential for inclusive e-commerce models that can benefit a wide range of businesses,
especially in rural areas.

5. Cross-Border E-commerce Growth:

India's e-commerce sector is ranked 9th in the world for cross-border growth, according to a
Payoneer report. This development opens up new opportunities for Indian businesses to reach
global markets and for international brands to enter the Indian market.

6. Emerging Technologies in E-commerce:

The adoption of technologies like augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and machine
learning is revolutionizing the way consumers interact with e-commerce platforms.

These technologies are enabling more personalized and immersive shopping experiences,
driving customer engagement and sales.

7. Quick Commerce Market Expansion:

India's quick commerce market is expected to reach a market size of USD 5.5 billion by
2025. Companies like Swiggy and Zomato are leading this market, introducing new micro-
segments such as car-pooling and e-scooter rentals.

The growth in quick commerce reflects changing consumer expectations for faster delivery
and convenience in online shopping.

These investments and developments demonstrate the dynamic nature of India's e-commerce
industry, with both domestic and international players recognizing its potential. The sector is
not only attracting capital but also driving innovation across various segments, from
traditional retail to emerging quick commerce models.

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

The Indian government has implemented several initiatives to support and regulate the
growth of the e-commerce industry:

1. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Policy:

The government allows 100% FDI in B2B e-commerce through the automatic route. For B2C
e-commerce, 100% FDI is permitted under the automatic route in the marketplace model.

This policy has encouraged foreign investment in the sector, leading to increased competition
and innovation. However, it also includes restrictions on foreign-invested entities offering
products sold by retailers in which they hold an equity stake, aiming to protect domestic
retailers.

2. Digital India Initiative:

The government's Digital India effort aims to transform India into an online economy worth
trillions by 2025. This initiative has led to the formation of a new steering group to review
and analyze the development of an e-commerce platform for the government.

Digital India has significantly contributed to increasing internet penetration and digital
literacy across the country, creating a conducive environment for e-commerce growth.

3. Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC):

The government is supporting ONDC as an alternative e-commerce platform to provide

infrastructure similar to Flipkart and Amazon. A new committee has been formed by the
commerce ministry to review the ONDC strategy.

ONDC aims to democratize digital commerce by creating an open network that allows all
participants to engage in e-commerce activities, potentially reducing the dominance of large
platforms.

4. National Logistics Policy:

This policy aims to smoothen deliveries to hinterlands, making logistics more efficient and
cost-effective. It is expected to support the growth of e-commerce in tier 2-4 towns and rural
India. By improving logistics infrastructure, this policy addresses one of the key challenges in
e-commerce expansion to smaller cities and rural areas.

5. Unified Payments Interface (UPI):

The government has promoted UPI as a digital payment system, which has become a
significant player in e-commerce transactions. UPI accounted for $1.5 trillion in transactions
in 2022.

The widespread adoption of UPI has simplified online payments, making e-commerce more
accessible to a broader population.

6. Digital Infrastructure Initiatives:

The government has supported the development of digital infrastructure such as UPI, eKYC,
and Aadhaar. These initiatives have reduced the time taken to onboard consumers by 80%,
streamlining the digital experience. By creating a robust digital infrastructure, the government
has laid the foundation for rapid e-commerce growth and adoption.

7. Support for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs):

Various government schemes and initiatives aim to help SMEs adopt e-commerce platforms.
This includes training programs, financial support, and digital literacy initiatives. These
efforts are crucial in bringing more small businesses into the digital economy and
diversifying the e- commerce ecosystem.

8. Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020:

These rules aim to protect consumer interests in online shopping.

They cover aspects such as return policies, grievance redressal mechanisms, and transparent
pricing. By establishing clear guidelines, these rules help build consumer trust in e-commerce
platforms, which is essential for the industry's long-term growth.

9. Goods and Services Tax (GST) Implementation:

The introduction of GST has simplified the tax structure for e-commerce businesses operating
across different states. It has also brought more transparency to online transactions. GST
implementation has eased the compliance burden for e-commerce companies and created a
more uniform market across the country.
ROAD AHEAD

The future of India's e-commerce industry looks exceptionally promising, with projections
indicating it could become the world's third-largest online retail market by 2030. The sector is
expected to reach a market size of USD 325 billion by 2030, driven by factors such as
increasing internet penetration, rising smartphone usage, and a growing digital economy that
could hit USD 800 billion in the same timeframe.

Key trends shaping the industry's future include the rise of social commerce, the expansion of
quick commerce, and the increasing adoption of emerging technologies like AI and AR in
online shopping experiences. The industry is also likely to see continued growth in tier 2 and
3 cities, with over 60% of demand expected to be driven by these areas and rural India by
2026.

As the sector evolves, it will face challenges such as logistics in remote areas, data privacy
concerns, and the need for sustainable practices. However, with supportive government
policies, technological advancements, and a young, tech-savvy population, India's e-
commerce industry is well-positioned to overcome these challenges and continue its
trajectory of robust growth and innovation.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES:

Sustainable supply chain practices have become increasingly important in today's business
landscape, driven by growing environmental concerns, consumer demands, and regulatory
pressures. These practices aim to integrate environmental, social, and economic
considerations
throughout the entire supply chain, from raw material sourcing to final product delivery and
disposal.

At its core, a sustainable supply chain focuses on minimizing negative impacts on the
environment and society while maximizing positive contributions. This involves
implementing strategies such as reducing carbon emissions, optimizing resource usage,
minimizing waste, and ensuring ethical labor practices. Companies are adopting various
approaches, including green procurement, eco-friendly manufacturing processes, sustainable
packaging, and efficient logistics.

Technology plays a crucial role in enabling sustainable supply chains. Advanced analytics,
artificial intelligence, and blockchain are being leveraged to improve transparency,
traceability, and efficiency. These tools help businesses make data-driven decisions, monitor
supplier performance, and identify areas for improvement. The benefits of sustainable supply
chain practices extend beyond environmental stewardship. They can lead to cost savings,
improved brand reputation, enhanced customer loyalty, and better risk management. As
sustainability becomes a key differentiator in the market, companies that prioritize these
practices are likely to gain a competitive advantage and ensure long-term business viability.

KEY COMPONENTS OF SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES

Sustainable supply chain practices encompass several key components that work together to
create an environmentally responsible, socially ethical, and economically viable system. Here
are the essential elements:

1. Sustainable Sourcing

This involves procuring raw materials and products from suppliers who adhere to
environmental and social standards. Companies implement rigorous supplier selection
processes, conduct regular audits, and work collaboratively with suppliers to improve their
sustainability practices. Sustainable sourcing also includes using recycled or renewable
materials and reducing the use of harmful substances.

2. Green Manufacturing

Sustainable manufacturing processes focus on minimizing waste, reducing energy

consumption, and lowering emissions. This component involves implementing cleaner
production techniques, adopting energy-efficient technologies, and optimizing resource use.
Companies may also invest in renewable energy sources to power their manufacturing
facilities.

3. Eco-friendly Packaging

Sustainable packaging solutions aim to reduce material usage, increase recyclability, and
minimize environmental impact. This includes using biodegradable materials, reducing
packaging size and weight, and designing packaging for easy recycling or reuse.

4. Efficient Logistics and Transportation

This component focuses on optimizing transportation routes, using fuel-efficient vehicles,

and adopting alternative fuels to reduce carbon emissions. Strategies may include
consolidating shipments, implementing reverse logistics for product returns and recycling,
and utilizing intermodal transportation.

5. Waste Reduction and Circular Economy Practices

Sustainable supply chains prioritize waste reduction through recycling, reusing, and
repurposing materials. Implementing circular economy principles helps extend product
lifecycles and minimize resource consumption. This may involve designing products for easy
disassembly and recycling, establishing take-back programs, and finding innovative ways to
repurpose waste materials.

6. Ethical Labor Practices

Ensuring fair labor conditions throughout the supply chain is crucial. This includes fair
wages, safe working environments, and prohibiting child labor and forced labor. Companies
often implement supplier codes of conduct and regularly monitor compliance to maintain
ethical standards.

7. Transparency and Traceability

Maintaining visibility across the entire supply chain is essential for sustainability. This
involves implementing systems to track products from raw material sourcing to end-of-life
disposal. Transparency allows companies to identify areas for improvement, ensure
compliance with standards, and provide consumers with information about product origins
and manufacturing processes.

8. Stakeholder Engagement
Collaborating with suppliers, customers, NGOs, and local communities is vital for developing
and implementing sustainable practices. This engagement helps companies understand
stakeholder expectations, share best practices, and work together to address sustainability
challenges.

9. Continuous Improvement and Innovation

Sustainable supply chains require ongoing efforts to improve performance and innovate. This
involves setting ambitious sustainability targets, regularly measuring progress, and investing
in research and development to find new, more sustainable solutions.

BENEFITS OF SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES

1. Cost Reduction

Implementing sustainable practices often leads to improved efficiency and reduced waste,
resulting in significant cost savings. Companies can lower expenses through optimized
resource utilization, reduced energy consumption, and minimized waste disposal costs. For
instance, adopting energy-efficient technologies in manufacturing and transportation can
substantially decrease operational costs over time.

2. Enhanced Brand Reputation

Consumers are increasingly favoring brands that demonstrate environmental and social
responsibility. A sustainable supply chain can significantly boost a company's reputation,
leading to increased customer loyalty and market share. This positive brand image can also
attract socially conscious investors and partners, potentially opening up new business
opportunities.

3. Risk Mitigation

Sustainable supply chains are generally more resilient to disruptions caused by

environmental, social, or governance issues. By addressing potential risks proactively,
companies can avoid costly interruptions, regulatory penalties, and reputational damage. This
includes mitigating risks associated with resource scarcity, climate change impacts, and
human rights violations in the supply chain.

4. Innovation and Competitive Advantage

The pursuit of sustainability often drives innovation in products, processes, and business
models. Companies that lead in sustainable practices can differentiate themselves in the
market, gaining a competitive edge. This innovation can lead to the development of new, eco-
friendly products that meet evolving consumer demands and open up new market segments.

5. Improved Supplier Relationships

Collaborating with suppliers on sustainability initiatives can strengthen relationships and lead
to mutual benefits. This can result in more stable supply chains, better quality control, and
shared innovations. Strong supplier relationships can also help in securing preferential
treatment or exclusive access to sustainable resources.

6. Regulatory Compliance

As governments worldwide implement stricter environmental and social regulations,

sustainable supply chains help companies stay ahead of compliance requirements. This
proactive approach can prevent costly fines and legal issues while positioning the company
favorably in the eyes of regulators and stakeholders.

7. Employee Satisfaction and Retention

Companies with strong sustainability commitments often experience higher employee

satisfaction and retention rates. Employees take pride in working for environmentally and
socially responsible organizations, leading to increased productivity and reduced turnover
costs.

8. Long-term Business Viability

Sustainable practices ensure the long-term viability of a business by preserving the resources
it depends on. By reducing environmental impact and promoting social equity, companies
contribute to the sustainability of their own operations and the broader economic ecosystem
in which they operate.

CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN PRACTICES

1. Cost and Investment

One of the primary challenges is the significant upfront costs associated with implementing
sustainable practices. This includes investments in new technologies, processes, and
infrastructure. Many companies, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, find it difficult
to justify these initial expenses, despite the potential for long-term savings and benefits.

2. Complexity of Global Supply Chains

The intricate nature of modern global supply chains makes it challenging to ensure
sustainability across all tiers of suppliers. Companies often have limited visibility and control
over practices beyond their first-tier suppliers, making it difficult to implement and monitor
sustainable practices throughout the entire supply chain.

3. Lack of Standardization

The absence of universally accepted sustainability standards and metrics creates confusion
and inconsistency in implementation. Different regions and industries may have varying
requirements, making it challenging for companies operating in multiple markets to establish
cohesive sustainability practices.

4. Resistance to Change

Implementing sustainable practices often requires significant changes in operations,

processes, and corporate culture. Resistance from employees, suppliers, and other
stakeholders can hinder the adoption of new sustainable practices. Overcoming this resistance
requires effective change management and communication strategies.

5. Data Collection and Measurement

Gathering accurate and comprehensive data on sustainability metrics across the supply chain
is a significant challenge. Many companies struggle with inconsistent or incomplete data,
making it difficult to measure progress and identify areas for improvement.

6. Balancing Sustainability with Other Business Objectives

Companies often face the challenge of balancing sustainability goals with other business
objectives such as cost reduction, efficiency, and profitability. Finding the right balance
without compromising on any aspect can be a complex task for management.

7. Regulatory Compliance

Navigating the evolving landscape of environmental regulations and compliance

requirements across different regions can be challenging. Companies must stay informed
about changing regulations and ensure their supply chain practices meet or exceed these
standards.
8. Supplier Engagement and Collaboration

Engaging suppliers in sustainability initiatives and ensuring their compliance can be difficult,
especially when dealing with a diverse range of suppliers across different geographical
locations and cultural contexts.

9. Technology Integration

Implementing and integrating new technologies to support sustainable practices can be

challenging. This includes adopting software for tracking sustainability metrics,
implementing blockchain for transparency, or utilizing IoT devices for real-time monitoring.

10. Consumer Awareness and Demand

While there is growing consumer interest in sustainable products, not all markets show equal
enthusiasm. Companies may struggle to justify investments in sustainability in regions where
consumer demand for sustainable products is low.

TECHNOLOGY ENABLERS FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAINS

1. Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT devices provide real-time data on various aspects of the supply chain, from inventory
levels to transportation conditions. This technology enables better tracking of resources,
energy consumption, and environmental conditions, allowing companies to optimize
operations and reduce waste. For example, IoT sensors can monitor temperature in cold chain
logistics, ensuring product quality while minimizing energy usage.

2. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning

AI and machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data to optimize supply
chain operations. These technologies can predict demand more accurately, reducing
overproduction and waste. They can also optimize routing and logistics, minimizing fuel
consumption and emissions. AI-powered systems can identify patterns and anomalies in
supply chain data, helping to detect and prevent sustainability issues.

3. Blockchain

Blockchain technology provides transparency and traceability throughout the supply chain. It
creates an immutable record of transactions and product movements, enabling companies to
verify the sustainability claims of their suppliers and ensure ethical sourcing. Blockchain can
help combat issues like counterfeit products, illegal logging, and human rights violations in
supply chains.

4. Cloud Computing

Cloud-based supply chain management systems enable better collaboration and data sharing
among supply chain partners. This improved visibility and coordination can lead to more
efficient resource utilization and reduced environmental impact. Cloud computing also allows
for more flexible and scalable supply chain operations, potentially reducing the need for
physical infrastructure.

5. Advanced Analytics

Big data analytics tools help companies gain insights from the vast amounts of data generated
across the supply chain. These insights can be used to identify inefficiencies, predict
maintenance needs, and optimize inventory levels, all of which contribute to more sustainable
operations.

6. 3D Printing

Additive manufacturing technologies like 3D printing can localize production, reducing

transportation needs and associated emissions. It also allows for on-demand production,
minimizing inventory waste and overproduction.

7. Robotics and Automation

Automated systems in warehouses and production facilities can significantly improve

efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Robots can work continuously with high
precision, reducing errors and waste. Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in warehouses can
optimize movement patterns, reducing energy use and improving space utilization.

8. Green Energy Technologies

Renewable energy systems, energy-efficient lighting, and smart building management

systems are enabling supply chain facilities to reduce their carbon footprint. Solar panels,
wind turbines, and energy storage systems are increasingly being integrated into warehouses
and distribution centers.
FUTURE TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

• AI and Machine Learning Integration: Increased adoption of AI and machine learning for
supply chain optimization, predictive analytics, and real-time decision-making.
• Circular Economy Practices: Greater focus on implementing circular economy principles
to minimize waste, improve resource productivity, and create long-term value.
• Resilient Supply Chain Design: Building more resilient supply chains capable of adapting
to disruptions, leveraging technologies like digital twins and advanced analytics.
• Emphasis on Scope 3 Emissions: Growing focus on measuring and reducing Scope 3
emissions throughout the entire value chain.
• Regulatory Compliance and Transparency: Stricter regulations driving the need for
increased supply chain transparency and ethical practices.
• Green Technologies Adoption: Accelerated implementation of green technologies in
logistics and manufacturing to reduce environmental impact.
• Data-Driven Decision Making: Leveraging big data analytics for improved forecasting,
risk management, and sustainability performance measurement.
• Collaborative Ecosystems: Enhanced collaboration between suppliers, buyers, and other
stakeholders to create more sustainable and efficient supply networks.

IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC:

The study on sustainable supply chain practices at BigBasket in Bengaluru is of significant

importance in the current environmental and business landscape. As one of India's leading
online grocery retailers, BigBasket's operations have a substantial impact on the environment
and local communities. By examining their sustainable practices, this study provides valuable
insights into the implementation and effectiveness of eco-friendly initiatives in the e-
commerce sector.

The research is particularly relevant given the growing consumer awareness and demand for
sustainable products and services. It offers an opportunity to assess how a major player in the
industry is responding to these demands while balancing business objectives. Furthermore,
the focus on Bengaluru, a rapidly growing urban center, makes this study crucial for
understanding sustainable supply chain management in the context of expanding cities in
developing economies.
This research can potentially serve as a benchmark for other companies in the e-commerce
and retail sectors, providing practical examples of sustainable practices and their outcomes. It
also contributes to the broader discussion on corporate sustainability and environmental
responsibility, offering data-driven insights that can inform policy-making and industry
standards in sustainable supply chain management.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

This study is necessary to assess the effectiveness of BigBasket's sustainable supply chain
practices and their impact on environmental conservation. It will provide valuable insights
into the challenges and opportunities in implementing sustainable practices in the e-
commerce grocery sector. The findings can guide future sustainability strategies for
BigBasket and similar companies, contributing to the broader goal of reducing the
environmental footprint of online retail operations.
 CHAPTER-2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND

RESEARCH DESIGN
REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

1. Zejjari and Benhayoun (2024) conducted a bibliometric analysis on the use of artificial
intelligence (AI) to advance sustainable supply chains. They examined past research trends
and explored future avenues in this field. The study revealed that India was the second most
productive country in this area, following the United States, with 132 articles. The authors
identified key research themes, emerging topics, and potential future directions for integrating
AI into sustainable supply chain management practices.

2. Safa (2024) performed a conceptual review of sustainable supply chain management

(SSCM) from past to present. The study analyzed the evolution of SSCM concepts, practices,
and research trends over time. The author found that India was among the countries with the
most frequent publications in this field. The review highlighted key themes, challenges, and
opportunities in SSCM, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of
knowledge and suggesting future research directions.

3. Faisal et al. (2024) examined the critical role of coopetition among supply chains for
blockchain adoption through a review of reviews and mixed-method analysis. They
conducted a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) study, which indicated that coopetition
played a mediating role between drivers and dependent variables leading to sustainable
supply chains. The authors explored how blockchain technology could enhance collaboration
and competition simultaneously in supply chain networks, ultimately contributing to
sustainability goals.

4. Yadav et al. (2023) performed a meta-analysis of sustainable supply chain practices and
their impact on performance, considering the moderating roles of economy type and
innovation. They analyzed the effectiveness of various sustainable supply chain practices,
including corporate social responsibility initiatives. The study found that the relationship
between practices and performance varied across different economic contexts and levels of
innovation. The authors provided insights for managers to optimize their sustainable supply
chain strategies.

5. Nirmal et al. (2023) developed a framework for adopting Industry 4.0 integrated
sustainable supply chain practices using ISM-MICMAC approach. They identified key
sustainable supply chain practices to address environmental issues and institutional pressures.
The study explored the interrelationships between these practices and Industry 4.0
technologies. The authors proposed a hierarchical model to guide organizations in
implementing sustainable supply chain practices enhanced by Industry 4.0 capabilities.
6. Shitole and Duggal (2023) investigated sustainable supply chain management for electric
vehicles (EVs) in India. They examined global best practices and adapted them to the Indian
context. The study proposed a practical and sustainable supply chain plan for EVs in India,
addressing challenges specific to the country's market. The authors emphasized the
importance of collaboration between stakeholders to develop a robust and sustainable EV
supply chain ecosystem.

7. Kumar et al. (2023) reviewed literature on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM),
performance measurement, and management. They analyzed various SSCM practices and
their impact on supply chain performance. The study highlighted the importance of
integrating sustainability into supply chain operations and provided examples of successful
SSCM implementation in Indian dairy supply chains like AMUL and GOPALJEE. The
authors identified key performance indicators for measuring sustainability in supply chains
and discussed future research directions.

8. Salas-Navarro et al. (2022) conducted a bibliometric analysis of inventory models in

sustainable supply chains. They reviewed literature from various industries in countries
including China, Brazil, and India. The study identified key research trends and gaps in
sustainable inventory management. The authors highlighted the importance of proper
resource utilization within sustainable supply chains and suggested areas for future research,
including the integration of circular economy principles.

9. Shekarian et al. (2022) performed a comprehensive systematic review of industrial

practices in sustainable supply chain management. They analyzed 38 minor practices
classified into 7 major categories. The review found that environmental practices were most
common, followed by social and then economic practices. The authors identified gaps in
research on circular economy practices and Industry 4.0 technologies for sustainability. They
recommended more empirical studies on SSCM implementation in different industries and
regions.

10. Paul et al. (2021) conducted a systematic literature review on multi-criteria decision-
making (MCDM) methods applied in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). They
analyzed 106 published articles, finding that MCDM methods were widely used in SSCM due
to their ability to handle complex decision-making processes. The study identified key
application areas, popular MCDM techniques, and research trends. India emerged as the top
country in SSCM research using MCDM methods, followed by China, the United States, and
Denmark.
11. Ghosh et al. (2020) conducted a systematic literature review on managing carbon
footprint for sustainable supply chains. They analyzed current literature and industry
practices related to carbon footprint reduction in supply chains. The study identified key
strategies for carbon footprint management, including green logistics, eco-design, and
supplier collaboration. The authors highlighted research gaps and proposed future directions
for integrating carbon footprint management into sustainable supply chain practices.

12. Baliga et al. (2020) performed a systematic literature review on the effects of motivators,
supply, and lean management on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices and
performance. They developed a conceptual model integrating these factors and their impact
on SSCM. The study highlighted the importance of internal and external motivators, supply
management practices, and lean principles in driving SSCM implementation. The authors
also identified research gaps and suggested future research directions in SSCM.

13. Sánchez-Flores et al. (2020) conducted a systematic literature review on sustainable

supply chain management (SSCM) in emerging economies, analyzing 56 articles from 2010-
2020. They found increasing interest in SSCM in emerging economies, but research lagged
behind developed countries. The review highlighted environmental, economic and social
dimensions of sustainability, with environmental aspects receiving the most attention. Key
research gaps identified included the need for more studies on social sustainability and multi-
tier supply chains.

14. Duque-Uribe et al. (2019) conducted a systematic literature review on sustainable supply
chain management practices and sustainable performance in hospitals. They identified a lack
of research specific to this sector and analyzed existing studies on supply chain management
practices in healthcare. The authors developed an integrative framework linking sustainable
supply chain management practices to hospital performance dimensions. They highlighted the
need for more empirical research to validate the proposed relationships and improve
sustainability in hospital supply chains.

15. Saeed and Kersten (2019) examined drivers of sustainable supply chain management
(SSCM) through a comprehensive literature review. They identified and classified 42 drivers
into eight categories: government, customers, competitors, society, suppliers, employees,
NGOs, and company-specific factors. The study revealed that government regulations,
customer demands, and competitive advantage were the most influential drivers. The authors
emphasized the need for organizations to understand these drivers to effectively implement
SSCM practices.
16. Ghadimi et al. (2019) analyzed past debates, present problems, and future challenges in
sustainable supply chain modeling. They reviewed articles on sustainable supply chains,
focusing on modeling approaches and methodologies. The study found that environmental
aspects received more attention than social dimensions, particularly in emerging economies
like India. The authors identified research gaps and proposed future directions for sustainable
supply chain modeling, including the integration of social sustainability metrics.

17. Panigrahi et al. (2019) reviewed the literature on sustainable supply chain management
and its implications for future research. They analyzed 76 articles published between 2010-
2018. The review found that most studies focused on large manufacturing firms in developed
countries. Key research gaps identified included the need for more studies on small/medium
enterprises, service industries, and developing country contexts. The authors recommended
more empirical research on SSCM implementation challenges and performance impacts.

18. Jia et al. (2018) analyzed the literature on sustainable supply chain management practices
in developing countries. Their review of 89 papers revealed that most research focused on
manufacturing industries in Asian countries, especially China and India. Key themes
identified included drivers and barriers to SSCM implementation, stakeholder pressures, and
performance outcomes. The authors called for more studies on service industries and
African/Latin American contexts.

19. Panigrahi and Rao (2018) examined barriers to adopting sustainable practices in MSME
supply chains in the Indian textile sector. Through a stakeholder perspective, they identified
key challenges including lack of awareness, financial constraints, and inadequate government
support. The study highlighted the need for collaborative efforts between government,
industry associations, and larger firms to support MSMEs in implementing sustainable
practices. The authors recommended policy measures and capacity building initiatives to
overcome barriers.

20. Phatak and Sople (2018) examined drivers and barriers of sustainable supply chain
management (SSCM) in the Indian context through a literature review. They identified key
stakeholders and their roles in SSCM implementation. The study highlighted various internal
and external drivers, such as regulatory pressures, customer demands, and competitive
advantage. Barriers included lack of awareness, financial constraints, and technological
limitations. The authors emphasized the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to
overcome these challenges and promote SSCM adoption in India.
21. Bag et al. (2020) examined the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies to enable
sustainable supply chain practices. Their study found that big data analytics capabilities and
Internet of Things adoption positively influence sustainable supply chain practices, which in
turn improve operational performance. The authors highlight the importance of integrating
digital technologies to enhance sustainability across the supply chain.

22. Jabbour et al. (2019) investigated the relationship between sustainable supply chain
practices and firm performance in Brazilian companies. Their findings indicate that
sustainable supply chain management practices positively impact environmental, social, and
economic performance. The study emphasizes the need for companies to integrate
sustainability into their supply chain strategies to achieve competitive advantages.

23. Hong et al. (2018) explored the impact of sustainable supply chain practices on firm
performance in Chinese manufacturing companies. Their research revealed that sustainable
supply chain practices, including green purchasing, eco-design, and internal environmental
management, significantly improve environmental and financial performance. The authors
stress the importance of collaboration with suppliers to achieve sustainability goals.

24. Mani et al. (2020) studied the implementation of sustainable supply chain practices in the
Indian manufacturing sector. Their findings show that top management commitment,
customer pressure, and regulatory support are key drivers for adopting sustainable practices.
The study also highlights the positive impact of these practices on environmental, social, and
economic performance.

25. Yadav et al. (2020) investigated the role of big data analytics in facilitating sustainable
supply chain practices. Their research demonstrates that big data analytics capabilities
enhance the adoption of sustainable practices, leading to improved environmental and
economic performance. The authors emphasize the importance of data-driven decision-
making in achieving sustainability goals.

26. Gouda and Saranga (2018) examined the impact of sustainable supply chain practices
on operational performance in Indian manufacturing firms. Their study found that practices
such as green purchasing, eco-design, and reverse logistics positively influence operational
efficiency and environmental performance. The authors highlight the need for companies to
integrate sustainability into their core business strategies.
RESEARCH GAP:

While there is information available on BigBasket's sustainability initiatives, there appears to

be a lack of comprehensive academic research specifically evaluating the effectiveness and
impact of these practices. The existing literature does not provide in-depth analysis of
BigBasket's solar power generation in warehouses, its support for organic farmers, or the
quantifiable impact of its electric vehicle fleet on carbon emission reduction. Additionally,
there is limited information on how these practices compare to industry standards or their
long- term sustainability outcomes. This study aims to bridge this gap by providing a detailed
assessment of BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices and their measurable impacts on
environmental conservation and sustainable agriculture.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study addresses the critical need to examine sustainable supply chain practices at
BigBasket, Bengaluru, in response to growing environmental concerns and consumer demand
for eco-friendly operations. The research focuses on evaluating BigBasket's initiatives in
electric vehicle adoption, solar power generation, sustainable agriculture support, and waste
management. By analyzing these practices, the study aims to provide insights that can benefit
BigBasket in enhancing its sustainability efforts and potentially serve as a model for other e-
commerce companies in India.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study focuses on BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices in Bengaluru. It

encompasses the company's initiatives in electric vehicle adoption, solar power generation,
organic farming support, and waste management. The research will analyze data from
BigBasket's operations, interview key personnel, and survey a sample of employees and
customers. The study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of BigBasket's
sustainability efforts and their impact on the environment and business operations.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Primary objectives
To know the BigBasket sustainable supply chain practices

Secondary objectives

 To evaluate the effectiveness of solar power generation initiatives in BigBasket's

warehouses.
 To analyze BigBasket's support for organic farmers and its contribution to sustainable
agriculture.
 To assess the impact of BigBasket's electric vehicle fleet on carbon emission reduction.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative

research techniques. The research design is descriptive and analytical, focusing on
BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices in Bengaluru. Primary data will be collected
through structured questionnaires using a 5-point Likert scale, administered to 100 randomly
selected employees and customers. Additionally, in-depth interviews with key personnel and
direct observations of operations will provide qualitative insights. Secondary data from
company reports, industry publications, and academic journals will supplement the primary
data. Data analysis will involve statistical techniques such as percentage analysis and Chi-
Square tests, using MS Excel for data processing. This comprehensive methodology ensures a
thorough examination of BigBasket's sustainability initiatives and their impact.

SAMPLING

Simple random sampling:

This research employs simple random sampling to ensure an unbiased representation of the
population. A sample size of 100 respondents will be selected from BigBasket's employees
and customers in Bengaluru. Each member of the population has an equal probability of
being chosen. To implement this method, a complete list of employees and registered
customers will be obtained, and a random number generator will be used to select
participants. This approach eliminates systematic bias and provides a diverse range of
perspectives on BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices.
DATA COLLECTION:

Primary data:

Primary data will be collected through surveys of BigBasket employees and customers, and
interviews with key personnel involved in sustainability initiatives. This data will provide
first- hand insights into the implementation and perceived impact of sustainable practices.

Secondary data:

Secondary data will be gathered from BigBasket's sustainability reports, company

publications, industry reports, academic journals, and relevant websites. This data will
provide context and background information on sustainable supply chain practices in the e-
commerce sector.

DATA ANALYSIS

The data collected from various sources will be tabulated and analysed using the percentage
method. Graphical tools like bar diagrams, pie charts etc., will be used to illustrate the
tabulated data pictorially. Inferences and interpretation of the data will be done on the basis of
tabulated data.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 The study is limited to BigBasket's operations in Bengaluru and may not represent
practices in other cities.
 The sample size of 100 responses may not fully capture the diversity of perspectives
within the company and customer base.
 The study relies on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias.
 Time constraints may limit the depth of analysis for each sustainability initiative.
 Access to sensitive company data may be restricted, potentially limiting the
comprehensiveness of the analysis.
CHAPTER SCHEME:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: Review of Literature & Research Design

Chapter 3: Profile of Selected Organization and Respondents

Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Interpretation

Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion.

 CHAPTER 3

PROFILE OF SELECTED ORGANIZATION AND

RESPONDENTS
COMPANY PROFILE:

BIGBASKET:

BigBasket is India's leading online grocery retailer, revolutionizing the way people shop for
everyday essentials. Founded in 2011 by V.S. Sudhakar, Hari Menon, Vipul Parekh, Abhinay
Choudhari, and V.S. Ramesh, BigBasket has grown to become a major player in the e-
commerce industry. The company offers a wide range of over 18,000 products from more
than 1,000 brands, including fresh produce, groceries, and household items.

Operating on an inventory-led model, BigBasket sources products directly from suppliers,

farmers, and mills, allowing for better quality control and competitive pricing. The company
has expanded its services to over 30 cities in India, processing approximately 15 million
orders per month. In 2021, Tata Digital acquired a majority stake in BigBasket, valuing the
company at $3.2 billion.

BigBasket has also made significant strides in sustainability, implementing initiatives such as
electric vehicle adoption, solar power generation in warehouses, and support for organic
farmers. These efforts demonstrate the company's commitment to environmental
responsibility and sustainable business practices.

VISION:

BigBasket's vision is to be the most trusted and preferred grocery platform in India. The
company aims to offer a wide range of products, top-notch customer service, and an effortless
shopping experience.
MISSION:

BigBasket's mission is to make daily life simpler for people by providing them with a
convenient and hassle-free way to shop for groceries. The company strives to allow
customers to walk away from the drudgery of grocery shopping and welcome an easy,
relaxed way of browsing and shopping for groceries.

PRODUCTS:

BigBasket offers a wide range of products across various categories:

1. Fresh Produce

BigBasket is known for its high-quality fresh fruits and vegetables. They source these directly
from farmers, ensuring freshness and competitive pricing. The company hand-picks, cleans,
and packs fresh produce in reusable plastic trays covered with cling wrap to maintain hygiene
and quality.

2. Groceries and Staples

The platform offers a comprehensive selection of groceries including rice, dals, spices, and
seasonings. These essential items form the core of BigBasket's product offerings.

3. Packaged Foods
A wide variety of branded and packaged food items are available, catering to different tastes
and dietary preferences.

4. Beverages

BigBasket stocks a range of beverages including soft drinks, juices, tea, coffee, and health
drinks.

5. Personal Care Products

The platform offers various personal care items such as soaps, shampoos, cosmetics, and
grooming products.

6. Household Items

Cleaning supplies, kitchen essentials, and other household necessities are part of BigBasket's
product range.

7. Meats and Seafood

Fresh meats and seafood are available in select locations, expanding BigBasket's offering
beyond traditional grocery items.

8. Private Label Products

BigBasket has its own line of private label products across various categories, which often
provide better value for money.

SERVICES:
BigBasket offers several services to enhance the shopping experience:

1. Online Ordering

Customers can place orders through the BigBasket website or mobile app, which offers a user-
friendly interface for browsing products, creating shopping lists, and completing purchases.

2. Delivery Options

1. BB Express: Offers delivery within 90 minutes to 2 hours, with additional charges.

2. Early Morning Delivery: Pre-booked time slots for early morning delivery, free above a
minimum order value.

3. Regular Delivery: Scheduled delivery from morning to late evening, free above a
minimum order value.

4. BB Daily: A B2B delivery option for offices, restaurants, and other businesses.

3. Flexible Payment Options

BigBasket supports various payment methods including cash on delivery, credit/debit cards,
net banking, and mobile wallets.

4. Subscription Services

Customers can subscribe to regularly purchased items, specifying delivery frequency for
automatic replenishment.

5. Customer Support

BigBasket provides customer support through multiple channels including phone, email, and
in-app assistance.

6. Personalized Shopping Lists

The platform allows users to create and save personalized shopping lists for quick reordering
of frequently purchased items.

7. BB Star Membership

A premium membership program offering benefits like free delivery, priority customer
service, and exclusive discounts.
8. Returns and Refunds

BigBasket offers a "5 Day No Questions Asked Return Policy," allowing customers to return
items within five days of purchase. The company also provides easy refunds for eligible returns.

9. Sustainable Practices

BigBasket is implementing sustainable supply chain practices, including:

 Using electric vehicles for last-mile delivery

 Implementing solar power generation in warehouses
 Supporting organic farmers and sustainable agriculture

10. BB Instant

In select cities, BigBasket offers an "Instant Delivery" service, promising to deliver groceries
within 15-30 minutes.

11. Quality Assurance

BigBasket emphasizes quality control, especially for fresh produce. They have processes in
place to ensure that products meet high-quality standards before reaching customers.

COMPETITORS OF BIGBASKET,

• Blinkit (formerly Grofers): An online grocery delivery platform offering a wide range of
products including fresh produce, groceries, and household essentials. It operates in
multiple cities across India and provides quick delivery services.
• Zepto: A relatively new entrant in the online grocery space, Zepto focuses on ultra-fast
delivery, promising to deliver groceries within 10-20 minutes in select cities. It offers a
variety of products including fruits, vegetables, and household items.
• JioMart: Backed by Reliance Industries, JioMart is an e-commerce platform that connects
customers with local grocery stores. It offers a wide range of products and leverages
Reliance's extensive retail network.
• Amazon Fresh: Part of Amazon's e-commerce ecosystem, Amazon Fresh specializes in
grocery delivery. It offers a vast selection of grocery items, including fresh produce,
pantry staples, and household essentials.
• Flipkart Supermart: The grocery arm of Flipkart, one of India's largest e-commerce
platforms. Flipkart Supermart offers a comprehensive range of grocery products,
including fresh fruits and vegetables, snacks, beverages, and household essentials.

MARKET SHARE:

1. BigBasket is targeting revenue growth of 30-35% in FY24, aiming for a topline of about
Rs 12,000 crore (approximately $1.5 billion).

2. The company is eyeing profitability in the next 6-8 months and planning an IPO in 2025.

3. BigBasket operates in a rapidly growing market, with India's online grocery sector
expected to reach $10-12 billion by 2025.

4. The company faces competition from major players like Amazon Fresh, Flipkart
Supermart, and JioMart.

MILESTONES OF BIGBASKET:

• December 2011: BigBasket was founded by V.S. Sudhakar, Hari Menon, V.S. Ramesh,
Vipul Parekh, and Abhinay Choudhari in Bangalore, launching its online grocery delivery
service.
• 2013: The company shifted from a purchase-to-order model to an inventory-led model,
allowing for better control over product quality and delivery times.
• March 2019: BigBasket received a $150 million investment from Mirae Asset, Alibaba
Group, and CDC Group, valuing the company at over $1 billion.
• March 2020: The company acquired DailyNinja, a micro-delivery startup, to strengthen
its presence in the subscription-based daily essentials delivery segment.
• June 2020: BigBasket achieved an annual gross sale run rate of $1 billion, selling over
18,000 products and processing over 300,000 orders daily.
• February 2021: Tata Group acquired a 64.3% stake in BigBasket for approximately $1.2
billion, marking a significant milestone in the company's growth trajectory.
• 2022: BigBasket launched its community group buying concept, targeting tier 3 and tier 4
towns to expand its reach in smaller markets.
• February 2022: The company acquired Kerala-based deep-tech firm Agrima Infotech to
enhance its offline retail capabilities with advanced customer vision technology.
• 2022: BigBasket announced plans to launch BB Now, an express delivery service
promising to deliver groceries within 15-30 minutes of order placement.
• 2023: The company unveiled its Green Report 2022, highlighting sustainable practices
including the use of electric delivery vehicles and solar power generation initiatives.
• 2023: BigBasket expanded its electric vehicle fleet to 5,458 vehicles, reducing CO2
emissions by 7,012 tonnes, equivalent to the impact of 3.18 lakh trees.
• 2023: The company installed 4,512k Wp solar panels on 27 warehouses across 11 cities,
generating 54,57,000 kWh of solar power and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
• 2024: BigBasket announced plans to raise $200 million at a valuation of $3-$3.5 billion,
signaling continued growth and investor confidence in the company.
• 2024: The company set a target to increase its Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) by 30%
to Rs 13,000 crore in the fiscal year 2024.
• 2024: BigBasket revealed plans to expand its offline store presence from 90 to 695 stores,
aiming to cover 100% of its customer base across India.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR):

BigBasket has implemented several Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives to

contribute positively to society and the environment. The company has partnered with
Annapoorna Trust to support their Morning Nutrition program, which provides meals to
government school children. BigBasket also collaborates with Letsallhelp.org, an online
social impact platform, to manage the procurement and delivery of donated products to
beneficiaries.

In terms of environmental sustainability, BigBasket has adopted electric vehicles for delivery,
reducing CO2 emissions significantly. They have installed solar panels on warehouses to
generate clean energy and support organic farmers to promote sustainable agriculture. The
company also focuses on waste management, implementing practices to reduce plastic usage
and promote recycling.

Through these initiatives, BigBasket demonstrates its commitment to social welfare,

environmental conservation, and sustainable business practices.
SWOT ANALYSIS OF BIGBASKET

This SWOT analysis examines BigBasket's internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as
external opportunities and threats, to provide insights into its current position and future
prospects in the competitive e-commerce landscape.

STRENGTHS:

1. Wide Product Range: BigBasket offers over 18,000 products across various categories,
including fresh produce, groceries, and household items, providing customers with a one-stop
shopping experience.

2. Strong Brand Recognition: As one of the pioneers in online grocery retail in India,
BigBasket has established a strong brand presence and customer loyalty.

3. Efficient Supply Chain: The company has developed a robust supply chain network,
enabling efficient sourcing, storage, and delivery of products.

4. Technology Integration: BigBasket leverages advanced technology for inventory

management, order processing, and delivery logistics, enhancing operational efficiency.

WEAKNESSES:

1. Limited Geographical Presence: Despite its growth, BigBasket's services are still not
available in many tier-2 and tier-3 cities, limiting its market reach.

2. High Operational Costs: Maintaining warehouses, cold storage facilities, and a delivery
fleet incurs significant operational expenses, impacting profitability.

3. Dependence on Internet Connectivity: The business model relies heavily on internet

connectivity, which can be a challenge in areas with poor network coverage.

4. Perishable Inventory Management: Handling perishable goods poses challenges in

inventory management and can lead to wastage if not managed efficiently.
OPPORTUNITIES:

1. Market Expansion: There is significant potential for growth by expanding into untapped
markets, especially in smaller cities and rural areas.

2. Increasing Internet Penetration: Growing internet usage and smartphone adoption in India
present opportunities for expanding the customer base.

3. Diversification of Services: BigBasket can explore new service offerings such as

subscription-based models or specialized product lines to increase customer engagement.

4. Partnerships and Collaborations: Collaborating with local retailers or forming strategic

partnerships can help in expanding reach and improving last-mile delivery.

THREATS:

1. Intense Competition: The online grocery market is becoming increasingly competitive with
the entry of e-commerce giants like Amazon and Flipkart, as well as specialized players.

2. Changing Consumer Preferences: Rapidly evolving consumer preferences and shopping

habits require constant adaptation and innovation.

3. Regulatory Challenges: Changes in e-commerce regulations or FDI policies could impact

BigBasket's operations and growth strategies.

4. Economic Fluctuations: Economic downturns can affect consumer spending patterns,

potentially impacting sales and profitability.
RESPONDENTS:

The respondents for this study on sustainable supply chain practices at BigBasket in
Bengaluru will comprise a diverse group of individuals directly and indirectly involved with
the company's operations. The sample will include:

1. BigBasket employees: This group will consist of staff from various departments such as
logistics, warehouse management, procurement, and sustainability teams. Their insights will
provide valuable information on the implementation and day-to-day execution of sustainable
practices.

2. Customers: A cross-section of BigBasket's customer base in Bengaluru will be surveyed to

understand their awareness, perceptions, and experiences regarding the company's sustainable
practices.

3. Organic farmers: Farmers supplying organic produce to BigBasket will be included to

assess the impact of the company's support on sustainable agriculture.

4. Sustainability experts: Independent experts in sustainable supply chain management will

be consulted to provide an objective perspective on BigBasket's initiatives.

5. Local community members: Residents near BigBasket's warehouses and operational

centers will be included to gauge the community impact of the company's sustainability
efforts.

6. Delivery partners: Individuals involved in last-mile delivery, particularly those using

electric vehicles, will be surveyed to understand the practical aspects of sustainable logistics.

This diverse group of respondents will ensure a comprehensive and multi-faceted analysis of
BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices in Bengaluru.
A Study on Sustainable Supply Chain Practices at BigBasket

QUESTIONNAIRE:

1. Age:

a) 18-25

b) 26-35

c) 36-45

d) 46-55

e) Above 55

2. Gender:

a) Male

b) Female

3. Education Level:

a) High School

b) Bachelor's Degree

c) Master's Degree

d) Doctorate

e) Other

4. How often do you use BigBasket services?

a) Daily

b) Weekly

c) Monthly

d) Occasionally
 e) Never

5. Are you aware of BigBasket's sustainable supply chain practices?

a) Yes

b) No

c) Somewhat aware

6. Which of the following sustainable practices by BigBasket are you most familiar with?

a) Electric vehicle fleet

b) Solar power generation

c) Support for organic farmers

d) Waste management initiatives

e) Not familiar with any

7. How important is sustainability in your decision to choose BigBasket over other grocery
delivery services?

a) Very important

b) Somewhat important

c) Neutral

d) Not very important

e) Not at all important

8. Have you noticed any reduction in plastic packaging in your BigBasket deliveries?

a) Significant reduction

b) Slight reduction

c) No change
 d) Increase in plastic packaging

e) Not sure

9. Which of BigBasket's sustainable initiatives do you think has the most positive impact?

a) Electric vehicle fleet

b) Solar power in warehouses

c) Support for organic farmers

d) Waste management

e) Can't decide

10. How often do you choose organic products from BigBasket?

a) Always

b) Often

c) Sometimes

d) Rarely

e) Never

11. Are you willing to pay a premium for sustainably sourced products on BigBasket?

a) Yes, up to 10% more

b) Yes, up to 20% more

c) Yes, more than 20%

d) No, not willing to pay extra

e) Depends on the product

12. How would you rate BigBasket's efforts in promoting sustainable products?
 a) Excellent

b) Good

c) Average

d) Poor

e) Not sure

13. Have you ever used BigBasket's recycling or packaging return services?

a) Yes, regularly

b) Yes, occasionally

c) No, but I'm aware of it

d) No, I wasn't aware of such services

e) Not applicable

14. Which aspect of sustainable supply chain do you think BigBasket should focus more on?

a) Reducing carbon emissions

b) Supporting more local farmers

c) Improving packaging sustainability

d) Enhancing energy efficiency in operations

e) Expanding organic product range

15. BigBasket's use of electric vehicles has significantly reduced carbon emissions.

1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Neutral

4. Agree
5. Strongly Agree

16. The solar power initiatives in BigBasket's warehouses are effective in reducing energy
consumption.

1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Neutral

4. Agree

5. Strongly Agree

17. BigBasket's support for organic farmers has contributed positively to sustainable
agriculture.

1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Neutral

4. Agree

5. Strongly Agree

18. I am satisfied with BigBasket's efforts to reduce plastic waste in their supply chain.

1. Very Dissatisfied

2. Dissatisfied

3. Neutral

4. Satisfied

5. Very Satisfied

19. BigBasket's sustainable practices have influenced me to make more environmentally

conscious choices.
1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Neutral

4. Agree

5. Strongly Agree

20. The information provided by BigBasket about their sustainable practices is clear and
transparent.

1. Strongly Disagree

2. Disagree

3. Neutral

4. Agree

5. Strongly Agree
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