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    4th Experiment

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    4th Experiment

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    10 views7 pages

    4th Experiment

    Uploaded by

    225037

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    Experiment 04
    CNC Lathe

    Objectives:

    • Familiarization with the CNC Step Turning and Taper Turning.


    • To write the G & M codes for step-turning and taper-turning operations and
    perform the operations on the CNC Lathe.

    Theory:

    Types of CNC machines

    • CNC Turning
    • CNC milling
    • CNC wirecut
    • CNC router
    • CNC laser cut
    • CNC water jet cutting etc.

    Working on CNC Machine/ EDM wirecut

    C) Machine
    A) Instructions B) Controller
    Component

    A) Instructions to machine: (based on the available facilities in Labs)

    Machine Form of instruction

    EDM wirecut 2D cad drawings using AutoCAD software


    CNC lathe Writing G & M codes manually
    CNC milling Generating G & M codes using Fusion 360 software

    1
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    G & M codes
    Generally, G-codes create movement & M-codes turn things ON, turn things OFF.

    Recommended order of Addresses in a block

    N… G… X (or U)… Z (or W)… F… S… T… D… M… H…


    Addresses

    N Refers to block number / sequence


    G G-codes
    X Absolute distance traveled by tool in x-axis
    U Incremental distance traveled by tool in x-axis
    Z Absolute distance traveled by tool in z-axis
    W Incremental distance traveled by tool in z-axis
    F Feed rate
    S Spindle speed
    T Tooling management
    M M-codes

    G-codes (Preparatory functions)

    G Code Description
    G00 Positioning (rapid traverse)
    G01 Linear interpolation
    G02 Circular interpolation clockwise
    G03 Circular interpolation counterclockwise
    G04 Dwell
    G17 Plane XY
    G18 Plane XZ
    G19 Plane YZ
    G20 Dimensions in inches
    G21 Dimensions in mm
    G28 Automatic machine reference
    G40 Cancel cutter radius compensation

    2
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    G41 Cutter radius compensation left


    G42 Cutter radius compensation right
    G80 Deselection of drilling cycles
    G90 Absolute programming
    G91 Incremental programming
    G92 Spindle speed limit
    G98 Feed per minute
    G99 Feed per revolution
    G96 Constant cutting speed, feed per revolution
    G97 Constant spindle speed

    M-codes (Miscellaneous functions)

    M
    Code Description
    M00 Programmed stop
    M01 Optional stop
    M02 Main program end
    M03 Spindle rotation clockwise
    M04 Spindle rotation counterclockwise
    M05 Spindle stop
    M06 Tool change
    M08 Coolant ON
    M09 Coolant OFF
    M10 Chuck open
    M11 Chuck close
    M19 Spindle lock
    M20 Spindle unlock
    M30 Main program end

    3
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    Labeled figure of CNC Lathe

    Task 1 (Write a part program for step-turning and taper-turning operations for the
    assigned cylindrical workpiece on CNC Lathe)

    4
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    5
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    Task 2 (Performing the step-turning and taper-turning operations on the CNC Lathe)

    Freehand neat sketch of the workpiece with dimensions:

    Procedure:

    • Initially, we insert the necessary workpiece firmly into the chuck or in between
    centers.
    • Next, we chose the right cutting tool according to the material and operation
    while making sure the tool holder was correctly positioned.
    • next we selected the appropriate work coordinate system (G54, G55, etc.).

    6
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra
    Manufacturing Processes-II Lab

    • For step-turning (G01, G00) and taper-turning (G01 with variable X-Z
    coordinates), we chose the proper CNC codes.
    • Next, we touched off the tool to set the reference points for the X (diameter)
    and Z (length) axes of the workpiece.
    • Next, we loaded the CNC software into the controller to do step-turning & step
    turning.
    • We measured the stepped sizes using a micrometer or vernier caliper.
    • For a smooth taper, we made sure that the X and Z coordinates varied linearly.
    • For accurate interpolation along the taper length, we employed G01.

    Conclusion:
    We effectively became acquainted with CNC step turning and taper turning procedures
    in this lab. We acquired hands-on expertise in comprehending the inner workings of
    CNC machinery and the particular procedures associated with step and taper turning.
    In order to carry out both operations on the CNC lathe, we also created and executed
    G and M codes, which strengthened our comprehension of CNC programming. We
    gained a strong basis for developing accurate and effective code for a variety of turning
    operations through this lab, in addition to improving our technical proficiency with CNC
    machinery operation.

    Photograph of the product/part manufactured in Lab:

    (Step Turning) (Taper Turning)

    7
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Air University A&AC Kamra

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