Experiment No.

1: Computation using Python

Programing

1. First Install the Anaconda

Anaconda is the most popular distribution of Python to implement scientific
computing, e.g., data science, machine learning applications, large-scale data
processing, predictive analytics, etc.

2. Numpy
Numpy is a Python library used for working with arrays and Numpy is short for
"Numerical Python."

3. How to Generate a 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D Array.

1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
3. arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
4. arr3= np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], [[4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]])
5. print(arr1)
6. print(arr2)
7. print(arr3)

4. Numpy Array Indexing:

1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
3. arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
4. arr3= np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], [[4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]])
5. print(arr1[0])
6. print(arr2[1,2])
7. print(arr3[0,1,2])

5. Remove Items from Array

1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
3. arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
4. print(np.delete(arr1, [2]))
5. print(np.delete(arr2, [0], axis=0)) ###delete row
6. print(np.delete(arr2, [1], axis=1) ) ###delete column
7. print(np.delete(arr2, [0,1], axis=1) ) ###delete multiple columns
6. Numpy Array Slicing: The result includes the start index,but excludes the
end index.
1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
3. arr2 = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8, 9, 10]])
4. print(arr1[1:3])
5. print(arr1[1:])
6. print(arr1[:3])
7. print(arr2[1, 1:4])
8. print(arr2[0:2, 2])
9. print(arr2[0:2, 1:4])

7. Numpy Array Reshaping

1. import numpy as np
2. arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12])
3. arr1 = arr.reshape(4, 3)
4. arr2 = arr.reshape(2, 3, 2)
5. print(arr1)
6. print(arr2)
8.Step:
1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
3. print(arr1[1:5:2])
4. print(arr1[::2])
9. Joining Numpy Arrays:
1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
3. arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])
4. arr3 = np.array([[1, 2, 3],[4, 5, 6]])
5. arr4 = np.array([[7, 8, 9],[10, 11, 12]])
6. arr5 = np.concatenate((arr1, arr2))
7. arr6 = np.concatenate((arr3, arr4), axis=0) ##Along Column
8. arr7 = np.concatenate((arr3, arr4), axis=1) ##Along Row
9. print(arr5)
10.print(arr6)
11.print(arr7)
10. Simple Arithmetic :
11. import numpy as np
11.arr1 = np.array([10, -11, -12, 13, -14, 15])
12.arr2 = np.array([20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25])
13.arr3 = np.add(arr1, arr2)
14.arr4 = np.subtract(arr1, arr2)
15.arr5= np.multiply(arr1, arr2)
16.arr6 = np.divide(arr1, arr2)
17.arr7 = np.power(arr1, arr2)
18.arr9 = np.absolute(arr1)
19.print(arr3)
20.print(arr4)
21.print(arr5)
22.print(arr6)
23.print(arr7)
24.print(arr8)
25.print(arr9)

11. Rounding Decimals:

1. import numpy as np
2. arr1 = np.trunc([-3.1666, 3.6667])##return the float number closest to zero
3. arr2 = np.floor([-3.1666, 3.6667])##rounds off decimal to nearest lower integer.
4. arr3= np.ceil([-3.1666, 3.6667]) ##rounds off decimal to nearest upper integer.
5. print(arr1)
6. print(arr2)
7. print(arr3)

12. Generate Random Numbers:

Random Integers:
1. from numpy import random
2. x1 = random.randint(100) ##Generate a random integer from 0 to 100
3. x2 = random.randint(100, size=(5)) ##1-D array containing 5 random
4. x3 = random.randint(100, size=(3, 5)) ##2-D array with 3 rows and 5 columns
5. print(x1)
6. print(x2)
7. print(x3)
Random floats:
1. from numpy import random
2. x1 = random.rand(5) ##Generate 5 random numbers between 0 to 1
3. x2 = random.rand(3, 5) ##Generate random numbers with 3 rows and 5 columns
4. print(x1)
5. print(x2)

Random Normal Distribution:

1. from numpy import random
2. x1 = random.normal(size=(2, 3)) ##Generate random normal distribution with 3
rows and 5 columns
3. x2 = random.normal(loc=1, scale=2, size=(2, 3)) ##random normal
distribution of size 2x3 with mean at 1 and standard deviation of 2
4. print(x1)
5. print(x2)
13. Matplotlib: Matplotlib is a low-level graph plotting library in python that
serves as a visualization utility.
1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2. import numpy as np
3. xpoints = np.array([0, 2, 4, 6, 10])
4. ypoints = np.array([0, 5, 17, 37, 102])
5. plt.plot/scatter/bar(xpoints, ypoints) ##Draw a line/plot/bar
6. plt.xlabel("X-axis") ##Add label to the x-axis
7. plt.ylabel("Y-axis") ##Add label to the y-axis
8. plt.title("X vs Y") ##Add Title
9. plt.grid() ##Add Grid to the Plot
10.plt.show()

Change in the line no. 5 only

plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints, linestyle= ‘dotted’, linewidth= ‘10’, color= ‘r’,
marker= ‘o’) ##Draw a dotted line and Marker
plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints, linestyle= ‘dashed’, linewidth= ‘10’, color= ‘r’,
marker= ‘*’) ##Draw a dashed line
Marker: To emphasize each point with a specified marker:
1. plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints, marker= ‘o’)
2. plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints, marker= ‘*’)
Marker Description
s square
D Diamond
p pentagon
H Hexagon
^ Triangle Up
< Triangle Left
> Triangle Right

Multiple Lines
1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2. import numpy as np
3. x1 = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3])
4. y1 = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
5. x2 = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3])
6. y2 = np.array([6, 2, 7, 11])
7. plt.plot(x1, y1, x2, y2)
8. plt.show()
 Subplot
1. import Matplotlib.Pyplot as plt
2. import numpy as np
3. x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3]) ##plot 1:
4. y = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
5. plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)
6. plt.plot(x,y)
7. plt.title(‘Plot 1’)

8. x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3]) #plot 2:

9. y = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40])
10.plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
11.plt.plot(x,y)
12.plt.title(‘Plot 2’)

13.plt.suptitle("My Plot") ##Add a title to the entire figure

14.plt.show()

14. Function: A function is a block of code which only runs when it

is called. You can pass data, known as parameters, into a function.
A function can return data as a result.

1. def function(x, y):

2. return 5*(x+y)
3. print(function(3,2))
4. print(function(5, 4))
5. print(function(9,7))

15. For loop:

1. for x in range(6):
2. print(x)
The range() function returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 by default,
and increments by 1 (by default), and ends at a specified number.

1. for x in range(2, 6):

2. print(x)
1. for x in range(2, 30, 3):
2. print(x)

16. If else loop:

1. a = 200
2. b = 33
3. if b > a:
4. print("b is greater than a")
5. else:
6. print("b is not greater than a")

1. a = 200
2. b = 33
3. if b > a:
4. print("b is greater than a")
5. elif a == b:
6. print("a and b are equal")
7. else:
8. print("a is greater than b")