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    Homework 1.

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    cemilenezcelik

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    Homework 1.

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    Homework 1. (1)

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    Homework 1.

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    of 3

    Homework Assignment: Statistics in Civil Engineering

    Flow Volume Analysis of a River Over 60 Years


    Objective:

    This homework assignment aims to provide students with the skills to analyze and
    interpret hydrological data using statistical methods. Students will work with 60 years
    of annual flow volume data from a river, and perform the following tasks:

    1. Construct a Histogram
    2. Construct a Frequency Histogram
    3. Construct a Cumulative Frequency Histogram
    4. Find the mean, median, variance and standard deviation filling cells with
    formulas (as we did in our lesson) and by means of package formulas that
    you can find as excel tool.

    Data:

    • Dataset: 60 years of annual flow volume data (e.g., in cubic meters per second)
    for a specific river is already given in excel file in ADUZEM. Add the number in
    each digit of your student number and subtract the flow rate value from each
    cell in excel.
    • Example: If your student number is 221803056. 2+2+1+8+0+3+0+5+6=27.
    Then multiply the each cell (annual discharge values) with this number.

    Tasks:

    Task 1: Construct a Histogram

    • Objective: Visualize the distribution of annual flow volumes.


    • Instructions:

    1. Divide the data range into equal intervals (bins).


    2. Count how many flow volume values fall into each bin.
    3. Plot a histogram using a suitable software tool (Excel).

    Steps:

    1. Find the range of the flow volume data (maximum - minimum values).
    2. Choose an appropriate number of bins based on the data size.
    3. Plot the histogram by placing the flow volumes into the bins and
    counting occurrences.

    Task 2: Construct a Frequency Histogram

    • Objective: Display the relative frequency of the annual flow volumes.


    • Instructions:

    1. Calculate the relative frequency (the proportion of total occurrences) for


    each bin.
    2. Plot a frequency histogram using the same bins as in the standard
    histogram, but with the y-axis representing relative frequency.

    Steps:

    1. Use the same bins as in Task 1.


    2. For each bin, calculate the relative frequency by dividing the count of
    flow volumes in the bin by the total number of data points (60 years).
    3. Plot the relative frequency histogram.

    Task 3: Construct a Cumulative Frequency Histogram

    • Objective: Show how the frequency accumulates over the flow volume intervals.
    • Instructions:

    1. Calculate the cumulative frequency for each bin, which represents the
    number of flow volumes less than or equal to the upper limit of that bin.
    2. Plot the cumulative frequency histogram where the y-axis shows the
    cumulative count or percentage.

    Steps:

    1. Calculate cumulative frequencies by summing the frequencies of each


    bin from the lowest to the highest.
    2. Optionally, normalize the cumulative frequencies to obtain percentages.
    3. Plot the cumulative frequency histogram.

    Task 4: Find the mean, median, variance and standard deviation filling cells with
    formulas (as we did in our lesson) and by means of package formulas that you can
    find as excel tool.

    Deliverables:

    • Histograms:
    o Submit three graphs: the standard histogram, the frequency histogram,
    and the cumulative frequency histogram.
    • Analysis (short written report):
    o Description of Data: Briefly describe the range, mean, and variability of
    the annual flow volumes.
    o Interpretation of the Histograms:
    ▪ What does the shape of the histogram suggest about the
    distribution of annual flow volumes?
    ▪ Are there any outliers or extreme values?
    ▪ Based on the cumulative frequency histogram, how are the annual
    flow volumes distributed over time?

    Tools & Resources:

    • You can use Excel, to perform the data analysis and create the graphs.
    • Ensure that each graph has proper labeling for axes, a title, and a legend if
    necessary.

    Additional Notes:

    • Submission Format: Submit the histograms in PDF or image format, and the
    short written report as a Word or PDF document.
    • Deadline: During the course on October 25th, 2024
    • Grading Criteria:
    o Completeness of tasks (25%)
    o Accuracy of calculations (25%)
    o Quality of graphs (25%)
    o Depth of analysis and interpretation (25%)

    Good luck, and ensure that all steps are clearly explained and graphs are well-labeled!

    Lecturer: Oral Yağcı, Prof. Dr.

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