1. What is ‘K2-18B’, recently seen in news?

[A] Exoplanet
[B] Black hole
[C] Asteroid
[D] Submarine
Answer: (A) Exoplanet
Preliminary data from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggests a more than
50% likelihood of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) gas on the exoplanet K2-18b. However, further
analysis is required before a definitive conclusion can be reached. DMS is a gas that is only
produced by living beings on Earth, primarily by phytoplankton in marine environments.
The presence of DMS in K2-18b's atmosphere could be a groundbreaking discovery, as the
planet is believed to be ocean-covered and 2.6 times larger than Earth. K2-18b, discovered
in 2015, is a super Earth exoplanet orbiting an M-type star. M stars, smaller and cooler
than the sun, comprise the Red Dwarf category. K2-18b resides in the Goldilocks zone,
where temperatures sustain liquid water.
2. What is the theme of ‘International Labour Day 2024’?
[A] Ensuring safety and health at work in a changing climate
[B] All labor that uplifts humanity has dignity and importance
[C] Universal Social Protection to End Child Labor
[D] Resilient Recovery
Answer: (A)Ensuring safety and health at work in a changing climate
Every year, May 1st marks International Labour Day, celebrated worldwide, including in
India, to honor the contributions of the labor movement. Originating from the 1886
Chicago labor strike demanding an eight-hour workday, it gained significance after the
Haymarket incident. In 1889, leaders from twenty nations established it as International
Labour Day. The 2024 theme focuses on workplace safety and health amidst climate
change, emphasizing ongoing challenges faced by workers globally.
3. What is ‘Antares’, recently seen in news?
[A] Submarine
[B] AI tool
[C] Red supergiant star
[D] Invasive plant
Answer(C) Red supergiant star
The Bengaluru-based Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) recorded the moon passing in
front of Antares, a massive red supergiant star in Scorpius constellation. Antares, 10,000
times brighter than the Sun, is 700 times its diameter and lies 600 light-years away.
Despite its size, Antares has low density and temperature, around 6,100°F (3,400°C), giving
it a ruddy color. Red supergiants are large, cool stars approaching the end of their lives,
highly luminous but with low surface temperature.
4. Kankesanthurai Port, recently seen in news, is located in which country?
[A] Sri Lanka
[B] Myanmar
[C] Bangladesh
[D] India
Answer: (A)Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka's Cabinet approves renovation of Kankesanthurai Port, funded entirely by India.
The port, located in the Northern Province, spans about 16 acres and is 104 km from
Karaikal Port in Puducherry, India. The decision underscores efforts to enhance
connectivity and infrastructure in the region. Additionally, a direct passenger ship service
links Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu to Kankesanthurai, covering 111 km in around three
and a half hours.
5. La Cumbre volcano, recently seen in news, is located in which island?
[A] Galápagos
[B] Lakshadweep
[C] Borneo
[D] Vancouver
Answer: (A)Galápagos
Recent lava from La Cumbre volcano on Fernandina Island, Galápagos, devastates the
habitat of rare land iguanas. Positioned atop the mantle plume generating Galápagos, it
erupted for the first time since 2020. The island, 1,125 km off Ecuador's mainland, boasts a
large caldera hosting a permanent lake, attracting diverse wildlife, including tens of
thousands of Galápagos land iguanas nesting within it.
6. Red Colobus Conservation Action Plan, recently seen in news, is an initiative of which
organization?
[A] IUCN
[B] WMO
[C] WHO
[D] WWF
Answer: (A)IUCN
A new study highlights Red colobus as key to tropical forest conservation. Imperiled
across Africa, they're vital biodiversity indicators and one of two major simian groups
globally. Facing extinction due to hunting and habitat loss, over half are Endangered or
Critically Endangered. The Red Colobus Conservation Action Plan, led by IUCN, aims to
prioritize their conservation, safeguarding Africa's forests and curbing unsustainable
hunting.
7. What is the theme of 'World Press Freedom Day 2024'?
[A] A Press for the Planet: Journalism in the Face of the Environmental Crisis
[B] Shaping a Future of Rights
[C] Journalism under Digital Siege
[D] Information as a Public Good
Answer: (A) A Press for the Planet: Journalism in the Face of the Environmental Crisis
World Press Freedom Day, observed annually on May 3, 2024, focuses on "A Press for the
Planet: Journalism in the Face of the Environmental Crisis." Emphasizing journalism's role
in addressing global environmental issues, it highlights the importance of a free press in
informing the public and holding decision-makers accountable. Proclaimed by the UN
General Assembly in 1993, it commemorates the Declaration of Windhoek, promoting
press freedom globally.
8. Which regulatory body in India recently approved changes in mutual fund regulations
to prevent front-running?
[A] Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
[B] Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
[C] National Stock Exchange (NSE)
[D] Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA)
Answer: (B)Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
SEBI approved changes in mutual fund regulations to combat front-running in Indian
asset management companies (AMCs). Front-running, or trading with non-public
information ahead of significant transactions, is illegal in India and can impact asset
prices. It occurs in various financial markets like stocks and commodities. Common
strategies include Buy-Buy-Sell (BBS) and Sell-Sell-Buy (SSB) patterns. These regulatory
changes aim to safeguard market integrity and investor interests.

9. Recently, NPCI signed an agreement with which African country for UPI-like instant
payment services?
[A] Namibia
[B] Tanzania
[C] Kenya
[D] Nigeria
Answer: (A)Namibia
NPCI's overseas arm signed a pact with the Bank of Namibia to develop a UPI-like instant
payment system for Namibia, leveraging India's UPI technology and experiences. The
collaboration aims to modernize Namibia's financial ecosystem, enhancing accessibility,
affordability, and connectivity with domestic and international payment networks. It also
emphasizes interoperability, signaling a significant step towards improving financial
inclusion and digital transactions in Namibia.
10. According to IQAir, which city has recently been ranked as the most polluted city
globally?
[A] Kathmandu
[B] New Delhi
[C] Pokhara
[D] Hyderabad
Answer: (A)Kathmandu
According to IQAir, Kathmandu is the most polluted city in the world as of May 2, 2024.
IQAir is a Swiss technology company that monitors the pollution levels of 101 cities in real
time. The Ministry of Health and Population of Nepal has advised residents to wear masks
due to the alarming increase in air pollution in the Kathmandu valley. In 2023, IQAir's
World Air Quality report ranked India as the third most polluted country and New Delhi as
the most polluted capital city.
11. Which African country recently declared the Mpox (also known as Monkeypox)
outbreak across the country a health emergency?
[A] Rwanda
[B] Ghana
[C] Congo
[D] Somalia
Answer(C) Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo faces its largest Mpox outbreak, with a new strain
detected in a mining town, posing higher transmission risks. Since January, over 4,500
suspected cases and nearly 300 deaths have been reported, tripling from last year. The
WHO highlights the severity, prompting Congo to declare a nationwide health emergency.
Cases have also surfaced in the neighboring Republic of Congo.
12. India recently agreed to enhance cooperation in energy and local currency settlement
with which African country?
[A] Kenya
[B] Tanzania
[C] Senegal
[D] Nigeria
Answer: (D)Nigeria
India and Nigeria agreed to expedite the Local Currency Settlement System Agreement,
aiming to enhance bilateral trade. Trade settlements will occur in Indian rupees and
Nigerian naira. The decision was reached during the 2nd India-Nigeria Joint Trade
Committee session in Abuja. Led by Amardeep Singh Bhatia, the Indian delegation
included representatives from the RBI, EXIM Bank, and NPCI. The meeting, held from April
29 to 30, 2024, outlined areas for trade enhancement.

13. What is the rank of India in the World Press Freedom Index 2024?
[A] 158
[B] 159
[C] 160
[D] 161
Answer: (B)159
India's World Press Freedom Index score declined from 36.62 to 31.28 in 2024, per
Reporters Without Borders. This annual report assesses journalism freedoms across 180
nations. India's rank improved from 161 to 159 due to others' decline. However, India lags
behind Turkey, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Despite a slight improvement in security, scores
fell across other indicators, signaling challenges to press independence.
14. Lakshya Aircraft, recently seen in the news, is designed and built by which
organization?
[A] DRDO
[B] ISRO
[C] CSIR
[D] BHEL
Answer: (A)DRDO
The Aeronautical Development Establishment, a Bengaluru-based Defence Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO) lab, creator of Lakshya aircraft, is under CBI scrutiny.
Lakshya, a micro-light, pilot-less aircraft, was developed by ADE for Indian Armed Forces,
inducted in 2000 (IAF), 2001 (IN), and 2003 (IA). Cost-effective, reusable, with
HALmanufactured
engine, it aids weapon system trials, carries tow targets for training, and
launches from land or sea. Controlled via GCS, it's designed for 15 missions, countering
airborne threats.

15. What is the primary function of Boeing Starliner, recently seen in news?
[A] Exploring distant planets
[B] Transporting astronauts to the space station
[C] Providing wireless internet
[D] Conducting scientific experiments in space
Answer(B) Transporting astronauts to the space station
An Atlas V rocket is poised to launch Boeing's Starliner crew capsule on its third test flight,
marking the first with astronauts aboard. Starliner is a spacecraft designed to ferry
astronauts to space, consisting of a crew capsule and service module. With innovative
features like wireless internet and tablet interfaces, it's reusable up to 10 times, fitting
atop Atlas V rockets operated by United Launch Alliance, a Boeing-Lockheed Martin
venture.

16. What is ‘MQ-9B Predator’, recently seen in the news?

[A] A technique used to remove pest from crop
[B] High Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
[C] Nuclear Ballistic Submarine
[D] Earth Observation Satellite
Answer(B) High Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
India will acquire MQ-9B Predator drones from the US, deploying them in Tamil Nadu and
Uttar Pradesh. Developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, it's a high-altitude,
long-endurance armed UAV. Used by the US for surveillance and airstrikes, it has two
variants: SkyGuardian and SeaGuardian. The latter has been utilized by the Indian Navy
since 2020.

17. Recently, which country’s men’s team won 11th Thomas Cup by defeating Indonesia?
[A] China
[B] Malaysia
[C] India
[D] Vietnam
Answer:(A) China
The 2024 BWF Thomas and Uber Cup, held in Chengdu, China, saw the Chinese badminton
team's dominance, winning both men's and women's titles. In the Thomas Cup, China
beat Indonesia 4-1, claiming their 11th victory. India, defending champions, lost to China
in the quarterfinals. The Uber Cup followed a similar narrative. China's victory marks the
first time since 2012 that one nation has clinched both titles at the world team
championships.

18. What is the projected percentage of milk production reduction in India by 2085, as per
the Lancet report?
[A] 25%
[B] 30%
[C] 35%
[D] 40%
Answer: (A) 25%
Rising temperatures in India could slash milk production by 25% by 2085, warns a Lancet
report. India, the top global milk producer and consumer, faces severe livelihood and
nutrition risks. The northern plains contribute 30% of India’s milk, supported by 89 million
smallholder farmers. Heat stress, measured by the Temperature Humidity Index (THI),
reduces milk yield. Unabated, this could cost 3.4 lakh tons of milk and 15,000 crores by
2030 in the northern plains alone.

19. Sanglaphu Lake, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Mizoram
[B] Assam
[C] Manipur
[D] Sikkim
Answer: (D)Sikkim
Sanglaphu Lake, or Sanglaphu Cho, opened to the public at Yumesamdong, Sikkim, at
5080m altitude. It's renowned as the "Great Lake" with religious importance. Its
emergence gained attention after the closure of Gurudongmar Lake due to a Glacial Lake
Outburst Flood (GLOF). Located in the Dongkya range, Sanglaphu Mountain feeds
Gurudongmar Lake, a source for the Teesta River.

20. Which High Court recently issued directives to combat the use of spurious oxytocin
hormone in dairy colonies due to animal cruelty?
[A] Calcutta High Court
[B] Delhi High Court
[C] Bombay High Court
[D] Gujarat High Court
Answer: (B)Delhi High Court
The Delhi High Court mandates action against oxytocin use in city dairies due to animal
cruelty concerns. Weekly inspections and legal actions ordered by the Delhi government
to combat oxytocin misuse, with police involvement. Oxytocin boosts milk production but
harms cattle and humans, leading to health issues like uterine ruptures and milk
contamination. Misuse violates the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act and Drugs and
Cosmetics Act, posing risks to both animals and consumers.
21. What is ‘Choline’, recently seen in news?
[A] Nutrient
[B] Pesticide
[C] Virus
[D] Invasive plant
Answer: (A)Nutrient
Researchers recently found that FLVCR2, a protein, facilitates the transportation of the
essential nutrient choline into the brain. Choline plays a crucial role in cellular growth and
metabolism, existing in both water and fat-soluble forms. While the body can produce
choline in the liver, dietary intake is necessary to meet daily requirements. Rich sources
include meat, fish, dairy, eggs, as well as various fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

22. Which country has recently introduced an AI generated spokesperson, named Victoria
Shi?
[A] Russia
[B] Iran
[C] Iraq
[D] Ukraine
Answer: (D)Ukraine
Ukraine's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has introduced an AI-generated avatar, Victoria Shi,
as its digital spokesperson. Shi, clad in professional attire, presents updates on consular
affairs via social media. While her appearance is AI-generated, the content she delivers is
human-written and verified. Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba lauds Shi's introduction as a
groundbreaking move, highlighting time and resource savings. Ukraine showcases its
embrace of innovative tech in diplomatic operations.

23. What is theme of ‘World Asthma Day 2024’?

[A] Closing Gaps in Asthma Care
[B] Uncovering Asthma Misconceptions
[C] Enough Asthma Deaths
[D] Asthma Education Empowers
Answer: (D)Asthma Education Empowers
In celebration of World Asthma Day 2024, GINA promotes the theme "Asthma Education
Empowers", stressing the importance of educating those with asthma for effective disease
management and timely medical intervention. With over 260 million affected globally,
asthma causes over 450,000 preventable deaths annually. Health professionals are urged
to enhance their understanding of asthma's impact and evidence-based management to
offer optimal care and reduce avoidable morbidity and mortality.

24. Archaeologists have recently discovered a 7000-year-old prehistoric settlement in

which country?
[A] Serbia
[B] Bulgaria
[C] Romania
[D] Finland
Answer: (A)Serbia
Archaeologists unearthed a 7000-year-old prehistoric settlement near the Tamiš River in
northeastern Serbia. Spanning 11-13 hectares and encircled by 4-6 ditches, it dates to the
late Neolithic era. Geophysical techniques uncovered Vinča culture artifacts, highlighting
their presence in southeastern-central Europe. This discovery is pivotal, shedding light on
the sparse identification of larger Late Neolithic settlements in the Serbian Banat region.

25. Tirthahalli region, recently seen in news due to areca nut, is located in which state?
[A] Telangana
[B] Kerala
[C] Karnataka
[D] Odisha
Answer: (C)Karnataka
The Areca Research Centre at Shivamogga discovered that Areca nuts from Tirthahalli,
Karnataka, are of superior quality compared to other varieties. Areca nut, also known as
Betel Nut or Supari, is a key cash crop in India. It ranks fourth among the most commonly
consumed psychoactive substances globally, following caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol.
Widely chewed, especially in Southern Asia, it's a key ingredient in various Smokeless
Tobacco (SLT) products. Over 600 million people consume it regularly.

26. What is ‘Spektr-RG (SRG)’, recently seen in news?

[A] Nuclear powered Submarine
[B] Newly discovered marine species
[C] Synthetic opioid drug
[D] Space observatory
Answer: (D)Space observatory
A new pulsar was discovered by astronomers using the Spektr-RG space observatory.
Launched in 2019, Spektr-RG is a German-Russian high-energy astrophysics observatory
studying the universe in the X-ray range. It orbits the Sun-Earth system's outer Lagrange
point (L2), 1.5 million km away, in a 6-month period. The observatory's name stands for
Spektr-Rentgen-Gamma and it was launched atop a Proton-M rocket from Baikonur
Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan.

27. Shinkun La Tunnel, recently seen in news, is located between which two regions of
India?
[A] Kangra Valley & Spiti Valley
[B] Nubra Valley & Parvati Valley
[C] Lahaul valley & Zanskar valley
[D] Patratu Valley & Pangi Valley
Answer: (C)Lahaul valley & Zanskar valley
The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) is set to build the Shinkun La Tunnel, spanning 4.1
km under the 16,580 feet high Shinku-La pass, linking Himachal's Lahaul valley and
Ladakh's Zanskar valley. It will be the world's longest high altitude highway tunnel.
Costing Rs. 1,681.5 crores, it promises all-weather connectivity to Ladakh, shortening
routes to border areas. Expected to streamline transportation, it will also provide security
against long-range artillery shelling or missile firings.

28. World Migration Report 2024, recently released by which organization?

[A] International Organization for Migration (IOM)
[B] World Trade Organization (WTO)
[C] World Bank
[D] International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Answer: (D)International Organization for Migration (IOM)
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) released its 2024 World Migration
Report, highlighting conflict and climate change as major drivers of global displacement.
There are about 281 million international migrants worldwide, with 117 million displaced,
marking a record high. In India, climate impacts drive internal migration from Rajasthan,
Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh. India hosts the most international migrants (18
million), with top destinations being UAE, USA, and Saudi Arabia. In 2022, India led in
remittances, exceeding USD 111 billion.

29. Widal Test, recently seen in the news, is associated with which disease?
[A] TB
[B] Malaria
[C] Dengue
[D] Typhoid
Answer: (D)Typhoid
The Widal Test, crucial for diagnosing typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi, suffers
from inaccuracies, complicating India's battle against the disease. Symptoms of typhoid
overlap with other illnesses, necessitating precise testing. Developed in the late 1800s, the
test lacks reliability, prompting caution from the World Health Organization. Despite its
convenience, reliance on it risks misdiagnoses, escalating expenses, and fostering
antimicrobial resistance, urging a shift towards more dependable diagnostics.

30. Which organization recently released a report titled ‘Amplifying the Global Value of
Earth Observation’?
[A] International Monetary Fund
[B] World Bank
[C] World Economic Forum
[D] World Meteorological Organization
Answer: (C)World Economic Forum
The World Economic Forum's report titled ‘Amplifying the Global Value of Earth
Observation’ highlights Earth Observation (EO) technologies' economic potential,
estimating a $3.8 trillion contribution to global GDP from 2023-2030. EO encompasses
remotely-sensed and in-situ data collection, offering insights across sectors. Agriculture
benefits from precision techniques, while energy sectors utilize EO for forecasting and
operations management. Mining gains insights for mineral exploration. EO also aids
climate efforts, with applications like early wildfire detection and greenhouse gas
monitoring, potentially reducing over 2 billion tonnes of CO2 annually by 2030.

31. What is the causative agent of ‘Foot rot disease’, recently in news?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Virus
[C] Fungus
[D] Protozoa
Answer: (C)Fungus
Punjab Agricultural University introduces Trichoderma asperellum to tackle 'foot rot'
disease in Basmati rice, endorsed by Central Insecticides Board and Registration
Committee (CIBRC). The disease, caused by Fungus Fusarium verticillioides, affects
seedlings and transplanted crops. Symptoms include yellowing, elongation, and eventual
death of plants. Current chemical treatments like Trichoderma harzianum and Sprint 75
WS pose risks to soil and consumers due to toxicity. Carbendazim, a component of Sprint
75 WS, is banned in Punjab due to high residues.

32. Cook Islands, recently seen in news, are located in which ocean?
[A] Atlantic Ocean
[B] South Pacific Ocean
[C] Southern Ocean
[D] Indian Ocean
Answer: (C)South Pacific Ocean
The Cook Islands, self-governing since 1965, aims to mine minerals from its seabed for
electric car batteries. The Cook Islands are located in the South Pacific Ocean, about 2,900
km northeast of New Zealand and 4,500 km south of Hawaii. Its 15 islands, once a New
Zealand colony, host a vast territorial water area, comparable to Mexico's size.
Researchers found nodules rich in cobalt and manganese on the seabed, growing as thick
as a credit card every million years. Technological barriers to extraction have recently
eased, sparking international interest in the Cook Islands' mineral potential.

33. DigiLocker, recently in news, is a flagship initiative of which ministry?

[A] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
[B] Ministry of Communications
[C] Ministry of Civil Aviation
[D] Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
Answer: (D)Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
DigiLocker, initiated by India's Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology in 2015,
serves as a secure platform for government documents. Students can access scores and
verified marksheets. It's government-approved with stringent security measures,
including 2048 Bit RSA SSL encryption and multi-factor authentication. Users can store
essential documents digitally, aiding paper-free initiatives. Documents issued via
DigiLocker hold legal equivalence to physical copies. The app supports passport
applications and identity verification, enhancing convenience and accessibility.

34. Recently, India signed a visa waiver agreement for diplomatic passports with which
country?
[A] Italy
[B] Poland
[C] Greece
[D] Moldova
Answer: (D)Moldova
India and Moldova inked an agreement permitting visa-free travel for holders of
diplomatic and official passports. The deal aims to bolster bilateral relations, established
since March 20, 1992, characterized as "warm, stable and friendly" by the Ministry of
External Affairs. In January, Indian External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar congratulated
Mihai Popsoi on his appointment as Moldova's Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of
Foreign Affairs.

35. Which two countries recently carried out the 7th edition of the Joint Military Exercise
‘Shakti’?
[A] India & Maldives
[B] India & Russia
[C] India & UAE
[D] India & France
Answer: (D)India & France
Joint military Exercise Shakti, a biennial event between Indian and French forces, occurred
at Umroi, Meghalaya, from May 13-26, 2024. Attended by French Ambassador Thierry
Mathou, Brigadier Mayur Shekatkar, and dignitaries, it focuses on joint planning and
strategy development for war scenarios. Shakti, alternating between India and France,
aims to enhance cooperation, understanding, and interoperability while sharing combat
experiences in countering terrorism.

36. What is the theme for ‘International Nurses Day 2024’?

[A] Our Nurses, Our Future, The Economic Power of Care
[B] Closing the Gap
[C] Nurses: A Voice to Lead
[D] Nurses: A Force for Change
Answer: (A)Our Nurses, Our Future, The Economic Power of Care
International Nurses Day, observed on May 12, honors Florence Nightingale's legacy.
Some countries extend celebrations into National Nurses Week. The day emphasizes
nurses' critical role in healthcare, combating undervaluation. Each year, a theme is chosen
by the International Council of Nurses; for 2024, it's 'Our Nurses Our Future, The
Economic Power of Care,' highlighting nurses' impact on global economy and the need for
investment in the profession for better health outcomes.

37. Recently, which space organization successfully tested a liquid rocket engine made
with the help of 3D printing?
[A] ISRO
[B] JAXA
[C] CNSA
[D] ESA
Answer: (A)ISRO
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully tested a liquid rocket engine
made via 3D printing. ISRO utilized the PS4 engine, employed in the Polar Satellite Launch
Vehicle's fourth stage, for this advancement. 3D printing constructs objects layer by layer
from computer-generated designs. It reduces components from 14 to one, eliminates 19
weld joints, saving 97% of raw material, and cuts production time by 60%.

38. Recently, Idashisha Nongrang has been appointed as the first woman Director
General of Police (DGP) of which state?
[A] Nagaland
[B] Sikkim
[C] Meghalaya
[D] Assam
Answer: (C)Meghalaya
Idashisha Nongrang makes history as Meghalaya's first female Director General of Police
(DGP), breaking barriers in the state's matrilineal society. A 1992 Indian Police Service
member from the Khasi community, she succeeds Lajja Ram Bishnoi upon his retirement
on May 19. Nongrang previously served as DGP in 2021 and currently leads Meghalaya
Civil Defence.

39. Pench Tiger Reserve, recently seen in the news, is located in which state?
[A] Kerala
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Odisha
[D] Telangana
Answer: (B)Maharashtra
A leopard cat, scientifically known as Prionailurus bengalensis, was sighted in
Maharashtra's Pench Tiger Reserve, marking its first appearance there. This forestdwelling
felid species is recognized for its leopard-like coat. Leopard cats are widely
distributed across Asia, inhabiting various forested habitats. They exhibit diverse sizes and
colorations, typically sporting four black stripes on their forehead. Solitary and nocturnal,
they are categorized as Least Concern by the IUCN Red List.

40. Recently, which company announced its first ever partnership with Hockey India for
the National Women's Hockey League 2024?
[A] Pepsico
[B] Coca Cola
[C] Nestle
[D] Parle Agro
Answer: (B)Coca Cola
The Coca-Cola India Foundation, partnered with Hockey India for the National Women’s
Hockey League 2024, marking its first collaboration. This partnership aims to empower
women in hockey, aligning with Coca-Cola India’s #SheTheDifference campaign. Over
three years, they will provide coaching, equipment, nutrition, and organize camps and
tournaments, supported by Sporting Ethos. The initiative strives to enhance the stature of
female hockey players, domestically and globally.

41. Rat hole mining, recently seen in news, is a method of manual drilling most prevalent
in which state?
[A] Meghalaya
[B] Uttarakhand
[C] Arunachal Pradesh
[D] Assam
Answer: (A)Meghalaya
A High Court-appointed panel in Meghalaya highlights stalled efforts in restoring
environments damaged by rat-hole coal mining. This method, prevalent in the state's
Jaintia and Khasi Hills, involves narrow, manual pits for coal extraction. Classified into
sidecutting
and box-cutting, it lacks regulation and safety measures, leading to accidents and
fatalities. Despite a 2014 ban by the NGT, rat-hole mining persists, posing environmental
and human risks.

42. India recently signed a 10 year agreement with which country to develop and manage
the Chabahar Port?
[A] Iran
[B] Iraq
[C] Pakistan
[D] Afghanistan
Answer: (A)Iran
India recently signed a 10-year agreement with Iran to develop and manage the Chabahar
port, a deep-water port in Iran’s Sistan-Baluchistan province. It's strategically located on
the Gulf of Oman at the Strait of Hormuz mouth, granting direct Indian Ocean access.
Comprising Shahid Beheshti and Shahid Kalantari ports, its proximity to Afghanistan,
Pakistan, and India, alongside its role in the International North-South Transport Corridor,
signals its potential as a vital commercial center.

43. World Wildlife Crime Report 2024, recently released by which organization?
[A] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
[B] World Health Organization (WHO)
[C] World Bank
[D] United Nation Development Program (UNDP)
Answer: (A)United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
The 2024 World Wildlife Crime Report by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime revealed
rhinos and cedars as the most trafficked species from 2015-2021. Established in 1997, the
UNODC combats drug abuse, trafficking, and crime worldwide. It strengthens
international cooperation, promotes crime prevention, and aids criminal justice reform to
combat transnational organized crime and corruption.

44. Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, recently seen in news, is associated with which
space organization?
[A] ISRO
[B] JAXA
[C] NASA
[D] CNSA
Answer: (C)NASA
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, led by NASA, targets exploration from our solar
system's outer reaches to the observable universe edge. Its focus includes dark energy,
dark matter, exoplanets, and various infrared astrophysics and planetary science areas.
Key instruments include the Wide Field and Coronagraph Instrument, utilizing
microlensing for exoplanet studies. With a field of view 100 times larger than Hubble, it
promises groundbreaking insights into cosmic phenomena.

45. Recently, the government of India has announced humanitarian assistance worth $ 1
million to which country?
[A] Rwanda
[B] Somalia
[C] Kenya
[D] Uganda
Answer: (C)Kenya
India pledges $1 million in humanitarian aid to Kenya to alleviate the aftermath of deadly
floods, claiming 267 lives and displacing over 380,000 people. The assistance includes 22
tons of supplies like tents, blankets, and hygiene kits, dispatched via an Indian Air Force
plane. Additionally, 18 tons of medical aid, including life-saving drugs and surgical
equipment, aim to address urgent healthcare needs of flood-affected Kenyans.

46. Strait of Gibraltar, recently in news, is located between which two countries?
[A] Spain & Morocco
[B] Uganda and Tanzania
[C] Russia and Iran
[D] Malawi and Mozambique
Answer: (A)Spain & Morocco
In the Strait of Gibraltar, orcas sank a sailing yacht, with the incident occurring in
Moroccan waters. The strait connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean,
separating Europe and Africa. Its narrowest point lies between Morocco and Spain.
Geological studies attribute its formation to the movement of tectonic plates. Water flow
dynamics involve the Mediterranean Sea's highly saline waters flowing outward beneath
the Atlantic Ocean's currents, while less saline waters flow inward atop the Mediterranean
current.

47. Recently, which state has initiated bio-energy projects to use pine needles for

generating electricity?
[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] Odisha
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Gujarat
Answer: (C)Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand Renewable Energy Development Agency (UREDA) initiated bio-energy
projects in Uttarakhand to utilize pine needles for power generation, covering 16.36% of
the state's forest area. These projects failed due to technology limitations. Chir pine
forests produce 15 lakh tonnes of needles annually. Utilizing 40% could fulfill power needs
and create employment.

48. Which bank has recently launched Pixel Pay, India's first Virtual Credit Card?
[A] Bank of Baroda
[B] Indian Bank
[C] Axis Bank
[D] HDFC Bank
Answer: (D)HDFC Bank
HDFC Bank introduces Pixel Play, India's first virtual credit card in collaboration with Visa.
Available in two variants, Pixel Play and Pixel Go, it allows users to customize cards based

on lifestyle and preferred merchants via the PayZapp app. Featuring streamlined digital
management, card controls, rewards, and EMI dashboards, HDFC Bank redefines banking
experiences.

49. Which day is celebrated as International Day of Light every year?

[A] 15 May
[B] 16 May
[C] 17 May
[D] 18 May
Answer: (B)16 May
The International Day of Light, established by UNESCO, celebrates light's impact on
society and technology. May 16th marks its observance, commemorating Theodore
Maiman's 1960 laser breakthrough. In 2024, themed "Light in Our Lives," it highlights
light's guiding role. Originating from the 2015 UN International Year of Light, IDL was
adopted by UNESCO in 2016. Its inaugural celebration was on May 16, 2018, emphasizing
the global significance of light science and its applications.
50. 'TAK-003', a live attenuated dengue vaccine, is developed by which country?
[A] Japan
[B] Greece
[C] Mexico
[D] Indonesia
Answer: (A)Japan
TAK-003, developed by Japan's Takeda, is a live-attenuated dengue vaccine containing
weakened strains of all four virus serotypes. It's WHO prequalified, the second dengue
vaccine after CYD-TDV. Recommended for children aged 6-16 in high-burden,
hightransmission areas, it aims to combat dengue.

51. Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID) 2024, recently published by which
organization?
[A] International organization for Migration
[B] Geneva based Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
[C] World Meteorological Organization
[D] World Bank
Answer: (B)Geneva based Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
In 2023, global internal displacement rose to 75.9 million from 71.1 million the year before,
as per the Global Report on Internal Displacement 2024 (GRID-2024) by the Geneva-based
IDMC. The report cites 7.7 million displaced by disasters, a quarter due to earthquakes,
and 68.3 million by conflict. Sudan, Syria, DRC, Colombia, and Yemen house nearly half of
IDPs. Sudan alone records 9.1 million IDPs, with new displacements concentrated in
Sudan, Palestinian territories, and DRC.

52. What is the theme of 'National Dengue Day 2024'?

[A] Dengue Prevention: Our Responsibility for a Safer Tomorrow
[B] Fight Dengue, Save Lives
[C] Effective Community Engagement: Key to Dengue Control
[D] Fight against Dengue
Answer: (A)Dengue Prevention: Our Responsibility for a Safer Tomorrow
National Dengue Day, observed annually on May 16, highlights the severity of dengue
fever, a potentially fatal mosquito-borne disease affecting millions globally. In 2024, the
theme, "Dengue Prevention: Our Responsibility for a Safer Tomorrow," underscores the
importance of community engagement in combating the disease. The initiative aims to
raise awareness and promote proactive measures to control dengue outbreaks,
emphasizing collective responsibility for public health and safety.

53. What is the theme of 'World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 2024'?
[A] Digital technologies for Older Persons and Healthy Ageing
[B] Digital Innovation for Sustainable Development
[C] Accelerating digital transformation in challenging times

[D] Connect 2030: ICTs for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Answer: (B)Digital Innovation for Sustainable Development
World Telecommunication and Information Society Day is observed on May 17 annually to
explore the use of ICT and the Internet in societies and to address the digital divide. Each
year, the ITU selects a theme; for 2024, it is "Digital Innovation for Sustainable
Development." Sustainable development, as defined by the 1987 Brundtland Commission
report, aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations' ability to
do the same.

54. Which ministry has recently taken a significant step towards promoting cleanliness and
environmental sustainability by launching Swachhata Pakhwada?
[A] Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region
[B] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[C] Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
[D] Ministry of Rural Development
Answer: (A)Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region
The Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) launched Swachhata
Pakhwada from May 16 to 31, 2024, under the Swachh Bharat Mission. Initiated in April
2016, this initiative focuses on cleanliness and sustainability by engaging central
government ministries and departments. Ministries, termed 'Swachhata Ministries,' follow
a pre-circulated annual calendar and are monitored via Swachhata Samiksha to ensure
significant improvements.

55. What is 'RoseTTAFold', recently seen in news?

[A] New species of fish
[B] Nuclear Ballistic Submarine
[C] Asteroid
[D] An AI software prediction tool
Answer: (D)An AI software prediction tool

RoseTTAFold, an AI software from the University of Washington, could transform target

discovery and drug interaction understanding. Developed at the Institute for Protein
Design, it employs generative diffusion-based architectures to predict structural
complexes. This 'three-track' neural network integrates sequential patterns in proteins,
amino acid interplay, and probable 3D configurations. It can forecast structures and
interactions among protein, DNA, and RNA combinations, offering profound potential for
scientific advancement.

56. Recently, the central government has collaborated with which company to block more
than 1000 skype IDs used in the Digital Arrest scam?
[A] Google
[B] Microsoft
[C] Meta
[D] Flipkart
Answer: (B)Microsoft
The central government, in partnership with Microsoft, blocked over 1,000 Skype IDs
linked to the Digital Arrest scam. Victims are coerced into staying visible on video calls,
resembling police interrogations, until they comply with criminals' demands. Perpetrators
impersonate law enforcement agencies and use AI to mimic victims' family members'
voices. Intelligence agencies believe this is part of an organized online crime racket
involving cross-border syndicates, sourcing victims' phone numbers from online
databases or corrupt bank employees.

57. Recently, which country has unveiled a 10-year Blue Residency visa for environmental
specialists?
[A] UAE
[B] India
[C] Malaysia
[D] Indonesia

Answer: (A)UAE
The UAE introduces the 10-year Blue Residency Visa for environmental champions, aiming
to attract global leaders in sustainability. Successful applicants include researchers,
activists, and members of environmental organizations. This initiative aligns with the Year
of Sustainability and COP28's goals, showcasing the UAE's commitment to environmental
stewardship. The visa complements existing programs like the Golden and Green Visas,
extending long-term residency to investors and skilled professionals. Dr. Sultan Al Jaber
lauds the initiative, strengthening the UAE's global sustainability leadership.

58. What is the theme of National Endangered Species Day 2024?

[A] Wildlife Without Borders
[B] Recovering key species for ecosystem restoration
[C] Celebrate Saving Species
[D] Sustaining all life on Earth
Answer: (C)Celebrate Saving Species
National Endangered Species Day, observed on May 17th in 2024, highlights the
importance of protecting endangered species. Established annually on the third Friday of
May, it raises awareness about the plight of endangered species. Conceived by David
Robinson, a senior staff member at the Endangered Species Coalition, this year's theme,
"Celebrate Saving Species," urges action to mitigate human activities threatening wildlife,
emphasizing mindfulness and contributions to nature's well-being.

59. Which country was declared the host of the Women's World Cup 2027?
[A] Brazil
[B] India
[C] Australia
[D] South Africa
Answer: (A)Brazil
Brazil was declared the host of the 2027 Women’s World Cup at the FIFA Congress,

beating the joint bid of Belgium, Netherlands, and Germany. Brazil secured 119 votes
against 78 for the European bid. The decision followed a FIFA technical evaluation favoring
Brazil. Brazil's bid featured purpose-built stadiums and strong commercial backing. The
U.S. and Mexico had withdrawn their joint bid to focus on the 2031 tournament

60. Recently, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) has provided $500 million loan to
which bank for providing microloans to women in rural areas?
[A] HDFC bank
[B] Axis bank
[C] ICICI bank
[D] UCO bank
Answer: (A)HDFC bank
The International Finance Corporation (IFC) provided a $500 million loan to HDFC Bank on
May 17, 2024. This loan will support women microfinance borrowers, specifically those in
self-help groups (SHGs) and joint liability groups (JLGs) engaged in sustainable livelihood
initiatives. Unlike non-banking finance companies, which charge higher rates, HDFC Bank
can offer cheaper loans due to its access to lower-cost funds from CASA deposits.

61. What is the primary aim of the National Savings Certificate (NSC) scheme, recently
seen in news?
[A] To encourage high-income investors to invest
[B] To provide a savings option for low- to mid-income investors and offer tax benefits
[C] To support corporate investments
[D] To encourage foreign investments
Answer: (B)To provide a savings option for low- to mid-income investors and offer tax
benefits
The Prime Minister declared a Rs 9.12 lakh investment in the National Savings Certificate
(NSC) scheme in his nomination filing. The NSC is a fixed-income investment scheme by
the Indian government, targeting low- to mid-income investors to promote savings and

tax benefits. Investments can be made individually, for minors, or jointly, through post
offices.

62. Which is the nodal ministry for the Materiovigilance Programme of India (MvPI),
recently seen in news?
[A] Ministry of Defence
[B] Ministry of Agriculture
[C] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
[D] Ministry of Rural Development
Answer: (C)Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
The Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) mandated all medical device licensees to
report adverse events on the Materiovigilance Programme of India (MvPI). Launched in
2015, MvPI aims to enhance patient safety by systematically analyzing adverse events. The
Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission serves as the National Coordination Centre. Medical
devices, regulated by the CDSCO, include electronics, implants, and in-vitro diagnostics.
India, heavily reliant on imports for medical devices, oversees regulations through the
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

63. Recently, which institution has approved a USD 148.5 million loan to enhance power
supply in Sikkim?
[A] Asian Development Bank (ADB)
[B] Eurasian Development Bank (EDB)
[C] European Central Bank (ECB)
[D] World Bank
Answer: (A)Asian Development Bank (ADB)
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 148.5 million loan to modernize
Sikkim's electricity supply. The project supports the state's Power for All initiative,
ensuring uninterrupted, quality electricity. It includes upgrading 770 km of power lines,
replacing 580 km of old conductors, and upgrading 26 substations. Additionally, 15,000

public street lights will be installed, and electricity conservation and safety programs will
be conducted in 28 villages.

64. Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX), recently seen in the news, is a joint mission of
which two space organizations?
[A] ISRO and JAXA
[B] NASA and ISRO
[C] ESA and ISRO
[D] ISRO and CNSA
Answer: (A)ISRO and JAXA
The India-Japan partnership is gearing up for the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX),
set to launch in 2025 aboard Japan’s H3 rocket. Coordinated by ISRO and JAXA, the mission
aims to explore the moon's southern polar region, particularly focusing on water
presence. It showcases advanced surface exploration tech, with a rover searching
autonomously for water and sampling soil.
65. Project Astra, a multimodal AI agent, recently developed by which company?
[A] Microsoft
[B] Meta
[C] Google
[D] Amazon
Answer (C)Google
Google unveiled Project Astra at its annual developer conference, a versatile AI agent
adept at real-time interactions via text, video, images, and speech. It can assess code
correctness via phone camera and doesn't display emotional diversity in its voice.
Demonstrated on smartphones and smart glasses, Astra aims for a human-like assistant
experience, capable of remembering and understanding the world around it.

66. Which institute was ranked as India's best-performing higher education institution in

the 2024 Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) Global 2000 list?
[A] IIM Ahmedabad
[B] IIT Kanpur
[C] IIM Indore
[D] IIT Roorkee
Answer: (A)IIM Ahmedabad
The Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Ahmedabad was ranked as India's bestperforming
higher education institution in the 2024 Center for World University Rankings
(CWUR) Global 2000 list, securing the 410th position globally. The rankings process
examined data from more than 20,966 universities

67. Recently, which state government has taken measures, including the allotment of
grassland, to protect the state's endangered 'polo ponies'?
[A] Manipur
[B] Assam
[C] Sikkim
[D] Nagaland
Answer: (A)Manipur
Manipur government safeguards endangered 'polo ponies' by allocating 30 acres of
grassland in Lamphelpat, Imphal West district. Chief Minister N. Biren Singh emphasized
the move's importance for preserving Manipuri Pony habitat, allowing them to roam and
graze freely. This measure aims to protect the state's unique heritage and biodiversity
while ensuring the well-being of the endangered species.

68. R21/Matrix-M vaccine, recently seen in the news, is developed for the prevention of
which disease?
[A] Dengue
[B] Small pox
[C] Malaria
[D] Mumps

Answer: (C)Malaria
The Serum Institute of India (SII) has begun exporting the 'R21/Matrix-M' malaria vaccine
to Africa to combat the disease. This new vaccine, recommended by WHO, joins the
RTS,S/AS01 vaccine. Developed by Oxford University's Jenner Institute and SII, it received
support from EDCTP, Wellcome Trust, and EIB. Affordable and effective, it's approved for
children and licensed in multiple African countries, marking a significant step in global
malaria prevention efforts.

69. Recently, which organization released a report titled 'Water for Shared Prosperity'?
[A] WHO
[B] UNEP
[C] World Bank
[D] IMF
Answer: (C)World Bank
The World Bank unveiled "Water For Shared Prosperity" at the 10th World Water Forum in
Bali, Indonesia, defining shared prosperity as equitable growth, especially for the poorest.
It identifies four key pillars: human, social, and natural capital, and economic
opportunities. The report highlights disparities in water access due to population growth,
urbanization, and climate change. In 2022, 197 million lacked safe drinking water, 211
million lacked basic sanitation, with 450 million in high-poverty, low-water-access areas
globally.

70. What is the rank of India in the World Economic Forum's Travel & Tourism
Development Index 2024?
[A] 35
[B] 39
[C] 45
[D] 50
Answer: (B)39

In 2024, India rose to 39th place on the World Economic Forum's Travel & Tourism
Development Index, indicating a post-pandemic tourism revival. The US tops the list, with
India leading in South Asia and among lower-middle-income nations. Improved
infrastructure and resources fuel India's travel sustainability. Previously 54th in 2021,
changes in index parameters affect comparability. The top five includes US, Spain, Japan,
France, and Australia.

71. What is the theme of 'International Day for Biological Diversity 2024'?
[A] Be part of the Plan
[B] We're part of the solution #ForNature
[C] From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity
[D] Building a shared future for all life
Answer: (A)Be part of the Plan
Biodiversity, essential for human well-being, was first coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1985. It
faces threats like habitat loss, pollution, and climate change, leading to species extinction
and ecosystem degradation. The 2024 International Day of Biodiversity on May 22
highlights the theme "Be Part of the Plan," urging collective action to reverse biodiversity
loss and support the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

72. What are 'Psychedelics', recently seen in news?

[A] Drugs
[B] Virus
[C] Protein
[D] Invasive weed
Answer: (A)Drugs
Researchers advocate for domestic clinical trials of psychedelic drugs due to increasing
global trials and the low effectiveness of current mental health medications. Psychedelics
alter perception, behavior, and consciousness, often intensifying sensory awareness.
Categories include Classical Psychedelics like LSD, psilocybin, and DMT, primarily acting on

serotonin receptors, and Non-Classical Psychedelics like ketamine and MDMA, interacting
with various receptors. They offer potential breakthroughs in mental health treatment.

73. What is the main objective of Astrosat mission, recently seen in the news?
[A] To study celestial sources in the X-ray, optical & spectral bands simultaneously
[B] Analyzing cosmic microwave background radiation
[C] To study exoplanets
[D] To explore the Mar's surface
Answer: (A)To study celestial sources in the X-ray, optical & spectral bands simultaneously
Indian astrophysicists used AstroSat to discover aperiodic modulation of high-energy Xrays in
Swift J1727.8-1613, a black hole binary source. AstroSat, India's first dedicated
astronomy mission, launched in 2015, observes celestial sources in X-ray, optical, and UV
bands simultaneously. It carries five scientific payloads for imaging and studying cosmic
sources. Unique for enabling multi-wavelength observations, AstroSat is controlled from
Bengaluru. Its objectives include studying binary systems, star birth regions, and
conducting deep-field surveys.
74. Which country named the cyclonic storm 'Remal' that recently hit the Bay of Bengal?
[A] Oman
[B] Myanmar
[C] Bangladesh
[D] India
Answer: (A)Oman
The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) warns that a low depression in the Bay of
Bengal has intensified into severe cyclonic storm Remal, with wind speeds of 100-120
km/h. Cyclone Remal, named by Oman, is the season's first in the region and will bring
heavy rain and thundershowers to West Bengal and Bangladesh.

75. Irrawaddy River, recently seen in news, is located in which country?

[A] Nepal

[B] Myanmar
[C] India
[D] Bhutan
Answer: (B)Myanmar
Myanmar's military regime has formed a body to evaluate hydropower projects on the
Irrawaddy River, potentially reviving the controversial Myitsone Dam. Amid worsening
power shortages since the 2021 coup, the regime aims to address these issues and boost
domestic production.