Bio 01.10

Q1. What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
Ans:
(i) It is responsible for the transmission of parental characteristic to its offsprings.
(ii) It also leads to certain genetic variation.
Q2. Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?
Variations allow organisms to exist in diverse habitats or niches. In the absence of variations, a species may
be restricted to particular area. If this area gets drastically altered, due to various natural or man-made causes,
the species may be wiped out. However, if some variations were present in a few individuals, these colonize
other habitats and could survive. But if variations are present in a single organism there would be very little
for it to survive.
Q1. How does binary fission differ from multiple fission? Ans:
S. Binary Fission Multiple Fission
No.
1 In binary fission, the parent organism In multiple fission, the parents organism
splits to form two new organisms. splits to form many new
organisms at the same time.
2 It takes place during favourable It takes place during unfavourable
environmental conditions. environmental conditions.
3 It takes place in organisms like It takes place in organisms like
Amoeba, Paramecium, etc. Plasmodium.
Q2. How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?
Ans: Spores are tiny, spherical, asexual reproductive bodies which under favourable conditions,
like damp and warm conditions, germinate to produce new plants. They are covered by the hard
protective wall, which enables the plant to survive unfavourable conditions.
Q3. Can you think of reasons why more complex organisms cannot give rise to new individuals
through regeneration?Multicellular organisms cannot reproduce by cell because they are not
simple random collection of cells. In them, specialised cells are organized as tissues and tissues are
organised into organs, which then have to be kept at different positions in the body. Cell-by-cell
division would be impractical. Multicellular organisms, therefore, require to use more complex ways
of reproduction.Moreover, simple multicellular organisms possess special type of tissues which have
the potential to grow into a new organism but complex multicellular organisms have no such
specialised cells.
Q4. Why is vegetative propagation practised for growing some types of plants? Ans:
Vegetative propagation method is used for growing certain plants which do not produce viable seeds.
It is also used for growing of plants bearing superior traits, because they produce genetically identical
plants. It is also used for growing plants which require longer time to grow and become mature.
Plant which require lot of care during early stages of development are also grown by this method.
Q5. Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?
Ans:
Chromosome in the nucleus of a cell contain information for inheritance of features from parent
to next generation in the form of DNA. The DNA in the cell nucleus is the information source of
making proteins. Therefore, a basic event in reproduction is creation of DNA copy for the next
generation.
Q1. How is the process of pollination different from fertilisation?
S. Pollination Fertilization
No.
1 The transfer of pollen grains from anther The fusion of male and female
to the stigma of a flower is called gamete to form zygote is called
pollination. fertilisation.
2 It involves only the male gamete It involves both male and female
(pollen grain). gametes.
Q2. What is the role of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland? Ans:
Secretions from seminal vesicles and prostate gland provide nutrition to the sperms and make their
transport easier by providing them a fluid medium.
Q3. What are the changes seen in girls at the time of puberty? Ans:
Changes seen in girls at the time of puberty are as follows:
(i) Growth of hair in armpits and public region. ii)Mammary glands (breast) develop and hips broaden.
(ii) Uterus, vagina, Fallopian tube enlarge and pelvis widens. Menstruation and ovulation also
Q4. How does the embryo get nourishment inside the mother’s body?
The embryo gets nutrition from the mothers blood with the help of special tissue called
placenta. This is a disc-like tissue which develops between the uterine wall and embryo. It has villi on
embryo side of the tissue. On the mothers side are blood spaces which the villi. This gives a large
surface area for oxygen and glucose to pass from the mother to the embryo.
Q5. If a women is using a copper-T, will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted
diseases?No, copper-T does not prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. Copper-T only
prevents implantation. The only safe method used to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is
the use of condoms.

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Q1. What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

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