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Explain Everything About C - Programming From Int...

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12 views

Explain Everything About C - Programming From Int...

Uploaded by

anilkumarkatru07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Programming: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction

C++ is a powerful, general-purpose programming language that combines the efficiency of C


with object-oriented features. It's widely used for system programming, game development, and
data structures.

Basic Concepts

● Variables: Containers that store data values of different types (e.g., int, float, char, bool).
● Data Types: Define the type of data a variable can hold.
● Operators: Perform operations on variables (e.g., arithmetic, comparison, logical).
● Control Flow: Determines the order in which statements are executed (e.g., if-else, switch,
for, while).
Loops

● For Loop: Executes a block of code a specified number of times.


C++
for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) {
// code to be executed
}

● While Loop: Executes a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.


C++
while (condition) {
// code to be executed
}

Functions

● Declaring Functions: Define a function with a name, return type, and parameters.
C++
return_type function_name(parameter_type parameter1, parameter_type
parameter2) {
// function body
}

● Calling Functions: Invoke a function with its arguments.


Classes and Objects

● Classes: Blueprints for creating objects. They define properties (data members) and
behaviors (member functions).
C++
class MyClass {
// data members
int x;
string y;

// member functions
void display() {
// code
}
};

● Objects: Instances of a class.


C++
MyClass obj; // Create an object of MyClass

● Encapsulation: Bundling data and functions within a class.


● Inheritance: Deriving a class from another class to inherit its properties and methods.
● Polymorphism: Ability of objects of different classes to be treated as if they were of the
same type.
Example:

C++

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
int num = 5;
string name = "Alice";

for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {


cout << "Iteration " << i << endl;
}

int factorial(int n) {
if (n == 0)
return 1;
else
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}

cout << "Factorial of 5: " << factorial(5) << endl;

return 0;
}

This code demonstrates the use of variables, loops, functions, and basic output operations in
C++.

Sources
1. https://github.com/forinda/react-series--SPARK-

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