3

CONTENT
Preface............................................................................................................................................................... 2
Part I ................................................................................................................................................................. 6
1. Celebrity..................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. Advertisements .......................................................................................................................................... 8
3. Gifts ........................................................................................................................................................... 9
4. Transportation .......................................................................................................................................... 11
5. Colors ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
6. Flowers..................................................................................................................................................... 14
7. Bus and taxi.............................................................................................................................................. 17
8. Computers ................................................................................................................................................ 18
9. Noises....................................................................................................................................................... 19
10. Houses/Accommodation ........................................................................................................................ 21
11. Visitors ................................................................................................................................................... 23
12. Newspaper and magazine ...................................................................................................................... 25
13. Outdoor activity ..................................................................................................................................... 27
14. Photos..................................................................................................................................................... 29
15. Teachers ................................................................................................................................................. 33
16. Walking .................................................................................................................................................. 34
17. Books ..................................................................................................................................................... 36
18. Music ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
19. Study ...................................................................................................................................................... 41
20. Work ...................................................................................................................................................... 42
21. Activity near water ................................................................................................................................. 44
22. Birthday.................................................................................................................................................. 46
23. Chocolate ............................................................................................................................................... 47
24. Hometown .............................................................................................................................................. 48
25. Singing ................................................................................................................................................... 49
26. Sunny days ............................................................................................................................................. 50
27. Weekends ............................................................................................................................................... 51
4

28. Art .......................................................................................................................................................... 54

29. Family .................................................................................................................................................... 56
30. Handcrafts .............................................................................................................................................. 58
31. Hats and bags ......................................................................................................................................... 59
PART 2 & 3 .................................................................................................................................................... 62
1. Describe a person/something that made you laugh .................................................................................. 62
2. Describe your favorite movie ................................................................................................................... 65
3. Describe a piece of equipment in your home ........................................................................................... 69
4. Describe an interesting song .................................................................................................................... 73
5. Describe a gift that you recently gave to others ....................................................................................... 76
6. Describe a creative inventor or musician ................................................................................................. 78
7. Describe a special meal you have had ..................................................................................................... 81
8. Describe a favorite part of your city or home that you often visit/ Describe a place where you relaxed 84
9. Describe a bicycle/motorbike/car trip that is interesting.......................................................................... 86
10. Describe a person that you admire ......................................................................................................... 88
11. Describe an interesting photo that you have taken................................................................................. 92
12. Describe a sport that you prefer to do and is a little expensive. ............................................................. 95
13. Describe a garden you visited and like. You should say...................................................................... 100
14. Describe an area of subject that you are interested in. ......................................................................... 104
15. Describe a person who has influence on you. ...................................................................................... 109
16. Describe a tall building you like or dislike .......................................................................................... 115
17. Describe a wild animal......................................................................................................................... 119
18. Describe a time when you were busy................................................................................................... 122
19. Describe a famous person that you admire .......................................................................................... 125
20. Describe an outdoor activity you like to do. ........................................................................................ 129
21. Describe an advertisement you have seen............................................................................................ 135
22. Describe a website you like to visit. .................................................................................................... 140
23. Describe a small business that you would like to open ........................................................................ 144
24. Describe a time you needed to use imagination ................................................................................... 148
25. Describe an interesting or unusual thing you do in your spare time. ................................................... 151
26. Describe a time you missed an important appointment for something ................................................ 156
5

27. Describe a team project for study or entertainment ............................................................................. 158

28. Describe a place in other country that you would like to work/ visit................................................... 161
29. Describe a sport stadium that is important in your country ................................................................. 163
30. Describe an important holiday (or festival) that is celebrated in your country .................................... 167
31. Describe an event that resulted in a positive change in your life/ describe a positive change that you
made to your life. ....................................................................................................................................... 170
32. Describe a piece of good news that you received. ............................................................................... 174
33. Describe something special that you saved money to buy. .................................................................. 176
34. Describe a good part of your personality or character. ........................................................................ 179
35. Describe a person who you like to spend time with............................................................................. 181
36. Describe an item that you received and made you happy. ................................................................... 184
37. Describe an antique or some other old thing that your family has kept for a long time. ..................... 187
38. Describe a time when you made a mistake. ......................................................................................... 190
39. Describe a big company that you would like to work in...................................................................... 194
40. Describe a useful app or computer program for a smart phone, computer or tablet that you have used.
................................................................................................................................................................... 199
41. Describe a course you would like to study (or, do).............................................................................. 202
42. Describe a difficult decision that you made. ........................................................................................ 204
43. Describe a time when you tried a new food for the first time. ............................................................. 208
44. Describe an activity you do for your health or fitness. ........................................................................ 211
45. Describe a situation that made you a little angry. ................................................................................ 213
46. Describe an occasion when you got up very early. .............................................................................. 217
47. Describe a skill you learned when you were a child. ........................................................................... 220
48. Describe a short trip that you frequently make (or, take) but dislike. .................................................. 222
49. Describe a wedding that you have attended. ........................................................................................ 224
50. Describe something that you have shared with others (or another person). ........................................ 227
6

Part I
1. Celebrity
1.1. Who is your favorite celebrity in your country?
I guess not only me, a number of young people have been highly impressed by her for the
past months- Deshauna Barber. She is our 2016 Miss USA and the representative of USA in
Miss Universe taken place in Las Vegas in the same year. After the beauty contests, she
became well-known for her outstanding beauty, her amazing characteristics and also her
professionalism.
Vocabulary
Representative (n) A person chosen or appointed to act or speak for another or others, in
particular.
Professionalism (n) The competence or skill expected of a professional (in terms of
personalities, lifestyle, social relationships)
Outstanding (adj) exceptionally good
1.2. Do you like any foreign celebrities?
Absolutely. The person I’m gonna talk about is my bias ever since I was a teenage girl-Miley
Cyrus. I guess most people at the same age as me grew up with Disney Channel and among
its successful series, Hannah Montanah starring Miley Cyrus would always be on top of my
list. Although now she’s grown up, I’m still a big fan of her amazing voice and highly
inspiring songs.
Vocabulary
Bias (n) A concentration on or interest in one particular area or subject.
To be on top of the list (expression) to be the highest priority
To be a (big/huge/avid) fan of (expression) to admire SO
1.3. Would you want to be a celebrity in the future?
7

Well though I’ve never thought about it, I’m pretty sure that rising to stardom would never
be one of my life goals. I appreciate all the efforts that the celebrities, no matter which field
they’re working on, are making every single day. However, I find myself not belong to that
world, I mean, you never know what’s going on when the curtains close, right? So yeah, I
don’t think I want to become a public figure, to be honest.
Vocabulary
No matter (adv): without much worries
To appreciate (v): Recognize the full worth of/To be grateful of Sth
What’s going on when the curtains close (phrase): the secrets lie behind showbiz
To rise to stardom (expression): to become famous
Public figure (np): a well-known and notable person
1.4. Do you think we should protect famous people's privacy?
Indeed. As you probably can tell, these days fans, anti-fans and even non-fans are so curious
about what their bias are doing. Some are aggressive that they mentally attack their bias by
leaving bad comments online. Some even approach them in person on the street, especially
the so-called paparazzi. Thus I strongly agree that there should be some regulations to protect
the celebrities’ privacy.
Vocabulary
Bias (n): prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another
So-called (adj) used to introduce a new word or phrase that is not yet known by many people
Paparazzi (n) a freelance photographer, especially one who takes candid pictures of
celebrities for publication.
1.5. How do celebrities influence their fans in your country?
I think the influence of celebrities on fans is extensive. It’s somehow natural to follow our
bias and try to be like them. At the first place it could probably be just physical changes like
clothing, hairstyle or makeup. However thanks to social network, fans and idols are much
8

closer now, sometimes it’s just a status away. However this mental connection is a two-edged
sword, meaning the idols actually need to be more careful about their lifestyle or their
manners.
Vocabulary
physical changes (n) changes in appearance
two-edged sword (idiom) pros and cons

2. Advertisements
2.1. Are there many advertisements in your country?
Definitely, there are. They appear all over the place from the streets to social media with a
high density. For example, there is a multitude of colorful flyers sticked on the street walls
in Sydney.
Vocabulary
All over the place (expression) everywhere
Density (n) the quantity of people or things in a given area or space.
A multitude of (expression) a very large number of people or things
Flyers (n) a small handbill advertising an event or product.
2.2. Why do you think there are so many advertisements now?
I guess it’s due to the benefits of the companies. First, advertisements are the easiest way to
reach the customers to attract their attentions to a particular brand or product. From that
attractive information, customers will be able to choose an appropriate one. Second, it also
plays a crucial role in marketing strategy that the company apply to attract customers.
Vocabulary
To be able to do Sth (v) having the power, skill, means, or opportunity to do something.
To play a (an) crucial/essential/key/main role in (v): of great importance
Campaign (n) an organized course of action to achieve a goal
9

2.3. What are the various places where we see advertisements?

Advertising is here, there, and every where. It gets to people through different types of
communication such as flyers and banners on the streets or printed ones on newspaper,
magazines or electronic ones on social media. It could be written, verbal or a short movie.
Here, there, and every where (expression) everywhere
2.4. How do you feel about advertisements?
Sometimes, I find it a little bit annoyed and disappointing because the quality products are
usually overrated. However, there are other beneficial advertisements in supermarkets which
has informative contents for customers such as on which days there will be promotions or
which new products will be launched.
Vocabulary
Informative (adj) to provide useful or interesting information
Promotions (n) activity that supports or encourages a cause, venture, or aim.
Launch (v) to introduce (a new product or publication) to the public for the first time.
Overrated (adj) to have a higher opinion of (someone or something) than is deserved

3. Gifts
3.1. How often do you buy others gifts?
Since I’m one of those idealists when it comes to buying presents, not often do I buy others
gifts, but it doesn’t have to be a special occasion that I send them presents. Especially to my
friends, just a small gift like a handmade bracelet or a simple drawing could make their day.
Vocabulary
Idealist (n) a person who is guided more by ideals than by practical considerations
Make someone’s day (idiom) make an otherwise ordinary or dull day pleasingly memorable
for someone.
10

3.2. Do you like to send expensive gifts?

Well sending pricey presents is a no-no for me. First of all, expensive gifts may cost me an
arm and a leg. And second of all I don’t think my friends, who are my most frequent receivers
of my presents, would be actually happy if they know the price. And they also don’t need
expensive stuff either. So I would say for me sending expensive gifts is unpreferable and
unnecessary.
Vocabulary
To be a no- no for somebody (expression) to be impossible or inadvisable for someone
To cost SO an arm and a leg (phrase) to be very expensive
3.3. What kinds of gifts are popular in your country?
I think gifts are becoming more diverse these days. Stuffed animals, accessories, jewelries
and flowers are too traditional for the young. Probably handmade stuff is currently on top of
the list because of their spiritual value. And sometimes it doesn’t have to be a physical gift.
Probably a delicious homemade meal is enough to make their day.
Vocabulary
Diverse (adj) many and different
Stuffed animals (expression) a toy animal made from cloth and filled with a soft material so
that it is pleasant to hold
Spiritual value (n) Sth that is especially meaningful and memorable
Make one’s day (phrase) to make an otherwise ordinary or dull day pleasingly memorable
for someone
3.4. Why do people send gifts?
For so many reasons I suppose. The first reason I could think of is to celebrate a big day in
the receiver’s life. It could be his or her birthday, graduation or wedding. Another possible
reason is to cheer the receiver up, especially when they are overcoming life obstacles.
Vocabulary
11

SO’s big day (idiom) a very important or significant day.

To cheer SO up (idiom) to make or become less miserable
To overcome an obstacle (phrase) to succeed in dealing with (a problem or difficulty)

4. Transportation
4.1. What’s the most popular means of transportation in your hometown?
Without any doubt I would say motorbikes. Almost everyone travels by motorbike. The
reason why motorbike is so popular I think is due to their reasonable price and convenience.
They also extremely varied in terms of size, color and quality, thus a wide variety of choices
is available for everyone.
Vocabulary
Without any doubt/There is no doubt that (expression) a phrase expressing certainty or
agreement; yes
A wide variety of (collocation) a number or range of things of the same general class that is
distinct in character or quality.
4.2. How often do you take buses?
Almost every day. Since my house is so far away from my university, it’s impossible for me
to travel by motorbike. In addition, the air is heavily polluted by exhaust fumes and traffic
jams always take place, especially during peak hours. Thus, I’d prefer to take the bus, to
save time, save gasoline and causing less pollution.
Vocabulary
Exhaust fumes (n) waste gasses or air expelled from an engine, turbine, or another machine
in the course of its operation.
Traffic jam (n) a line or lines of stationary or very slow-moving traffic, caused by roadworks,
an accident, or heavy congestion.
Peak hours/Rush hours (n) the busiest hours
12

4.3. Can you compare the advantages of planes and trains?

Planes and trains regularly depart and arrive on time. Plus, there are many convenient
facilities catering particularly to certain groups of passengers. However, traveling by plane
is clearly time-saving and enjoyable in terms of on-board services like meals or comfortable
seats, while traveling by train offers you a chance to see the world outside, admire the views
from their seats. It’s totally a great experience for most train-travelers.
Vocabulary
On-board services (n) provided on or within a vehicle
Cater (v) provide with what is needed or required
4.4. Is driving to work popular in your country?
Although cars themselves and gasoline are expensive, a lot of people prefer driving, possibly
because driving is more comfortable in such weather, with such polluted and noisy
surroundings.
4.5. Do you think people will drive more in the future?
If you’re talking about India, no, I don’t think it’s possible, even in the future. Cars and
gasoline are becoming unaffordable for many people these days. Plus, the transport
infrastructure in various regions in India is not appropriate for cars.
Vocabulary
Transport infrastructure (n) the framework that supports our transport system
4.6. Would you ride bikes to work in the future?
Definitely not. Riding a bike means you’re exposing yourself to the unpredictable weather
and to air pollution. What is worse, I’m afraid the main streets or the highway are too
dangerous for cyclists, as cars, motorbikes and buses will travel at a very high speed. Thus
I’d rather ride a motorbike or take the bus instead.
Vocabulary
Unpredictable weather (n) to not able to be predicted; changeable
13

4.7. What will become the most popular means of transport in your country?
I think buses will take the lead. You can travel the distance without much worries about
ticket price or rainy weather outside. Also new buses now offer better services like
comfortable seats for the elderly or good air conditioning systems.
Vocabulary
To take the lead (v) to start winning a race or competition
4.10. Do you prefer public transport or private transport ?
I think I’d prefer public transport. It’s much more inexpensive and because it can contain a
large number of people, it helps ease the intensity of traffic jams during peak hours and
reduce the greenhouse gas emissions caused by vehicles. Private transportation is more
costly in terms of fees, taxes and gasoline.
Vocabulary
Intensity (n) of extreme force, degree, or strength
Greenhouse gas emissions (np) the emission into the earth's atmosphere of any of various
gases, esp carbon dioxide, that contribute to the greenhouse effect

5. Colors
5.1. What colors do you like?
Since my taste always changes, my favorite color at the moment is black. Although I have
just bought some black items recently, black surprisingly suits me. It feels like I become more
mature and more mysterious when wearing a black dress. And because it’s one of the basic
colors, it’s easy to mix and match with other items of different colors and styles.
Vocabulary
taste (n) a preference or liking for something; inclination
To mix and match (v) select and combine different but complementary items, such as
clothing or pieces of equipment, to form a coordinated set
14

5.2. What’s the most popular color in your country?

To be honest, it’s hard to tell, as it totally depends on people’s taste. But I guess it’s my
favorite color-black. Black fashion items can be found at clothing shops, since it’s said to be
simple yet classy. Morever, electronic devices and household supplies are mostly in black-
colored, probably because the trace of dirt and dust are more visible in black, thus it’s easier
for cleaning.
5.3. Do you like to wear dark or bright colors?
I’m actually flexible between dark and bright colors. But colors somehow do reflect my
mood. Bright colors gives me a younger, positive and cheerful look. They also match my skin
tone better than dark colors. So I guess I prefer wearing bright colors.
Vocabulary
To reflect (v) to show an image of
5.4. What’s the different between men and women’s preference on colors?
The difference in color taste can be seen so clearly that most menswear is more basic-colored
while women clothes are varied vastly from monotone to color-mixed. In terms of fashion,
the color theme for women is absolutely overweight.
Vocabulary
Monotone (n) without colour or variety, dull
5.5. Do colors affect your mood?
Actually, the converse effect is more suitable for me, especially when it comes to shopping.
I don’t thnk I’d feel happier when I look at a pink-colored shirt or feel pulled-down when I
wear a gray cardigan. So no, I don’t think color is related to my feelings inside.

6. Flowers
6.1. Do you like flowers? (Why?)
15

Yes, I do like flowers. As an introvert, sometimes, I find myself feeling peaceful and relaxed
while enjoying nice flowers in my garden. I have a habit of taking pictures of flowers after
the rain. I feel most at peace spending chunks of good-time on my own, in relative silence,
contemplating the beauty of flowers with raindrops through my camera lens.
Vocabulary
Introvert (n) a shy, reticent person.
(a) chunk of (n) a significant amount of something
Good-time (n) (of a person) having the pursuit of pleasure as one's chief aim
To contemplate (v) to look thoughtfully for a long time at
6.2. Which/What is your favorite flower?
White roses are truly my favorite flower. They are traditionally associated with marriages and
new beginnings. However, their beauty has also made them a gesture of remembrance.
Therefore, a bouquet of white rose is a perfect way to say “I’m thinking of you”.
Vocabulary
Gesture (n) a movement of part of the body, especially a hand or the head, to express an idea
or meaning
(a) Bouquet of (flowers) (phrase) an attractively arranged bunch of flowers, especially one
presented as a gift or carried at a ceremony
6.3. Do you think flowers are important?
For an introvert like me, enjoying the harmonization of various types of flowers with
different gorgeous colors in the garden or in florist shops could brighten up my days and lift
my spirits.
Vocabulary
Harmonization (n) a good combination
Gorgeous (adj) beautiful, very attractive
Brighten up (phrasal verb) make something more pleasant and happy
16

Lift our spirits (expression) make us feel happier

6.4. Are flowers important in your culture? (Give examples)
Definitely. With beautiful meanings, some flowers are chosen to show people’s key virtues.
Lotus flowers, for example, have been regarded as the national flower. The lotus plants grow
from the marsh but their leaves and flowers grow toward the direction of the sunlight, which
symbolizes the purity and faithfulness of people’s spirits.
Vocabulary
Virtue (n) good qualities or characteristics
To regard as (v) to consider or think of in a specified way
To symbolize (v) to be a symbol of
6.5. Do people in your country ever use flowers for special occasions?
Flowers are widely used in many occasions and festivals in our country to represent for a
blessing, happiness and good luck. Most families have at least one kind of plants or flowers
at home.
6.6. What are the occasions when people give or receive flowers?
A bunch of flowers is considered as a gift for a wide range of occasions for both people to
send and receive flowers. For example, in a birthday party, Women’s day, or Valentine’s day,
colorful flowers are arranged nicely in a small vase and given to each other.
Vocabulary
A bunch of flowers (phrase) a number of things, typically of the same kind, growing or
fastened together.
6.7. In your country, do people (ever) give flowers as a gift?
Yes, they do. As mention above, flowers play an essential role in different occasions as a
special gift for people to show love to one another. People, especially girls, are happy and
pleased when they receive their favorite flowers from beloved ones on their birthday.
17

7. Bus and taxi

7.1. How often do you take the bus?
Even though I don’t really like public transport, I have to take bus to go to my university on
a daily basis because it is quite far to bike from home to my university and it is the safest
choice for me.
On a daily basis (adv) everyday
7.2. When was the first time you took a taxi?
My very first time taking a taxi was around 10 or 11 years ago. It was raining heavily after
my class finished. The streets were seriously flooded so my dad could not come to pick me
up. He asked me to take a taxi to go home. It was one of my very first experience travelling
alone without my parents.
Vocabulary
To be flooded (v) to become covered or submerged by a flood
To pick SO up (n) to go somewhere to collect someone, typically in one's car
7.3. What are the advantages of taking a taxi compared with buses?
Their 24/7 tailored service has been improved and become better recently which is much
more flexible and save us a great deal of time and energy, especially when we rush for any
appointment. Moreover, by taking a taxi, we don’t need to walk to the station or destination.
Vocabulary
Tailored (adj) to design or alter (something) to suit specific needs
To rush for Sth/doing Sth (v) to deal with (something) hurriedly
7.4. Is it convenient to take the bus/taxi in your city?
I would say, it’s easy to book or take a taxi in my city. Nowadays, there are Uber and Grab
besides other taxi companies which allow us to use an app on our smartphone to book a taxi.
They also estimate the price and inform the route which make us feel safe and trustable.
18

8. Computers
8.1. How often do you use computer ?
Nowadays, computers are very essential in one’s life, and I’m no exception. I would say I use
computer quite often to deal with my hectic assignments and works. It would be a big problem
for me if I had to live without computers.
Vocabulary
Hectic (adj) full of incessant or frantic activity
8.2. What kinds of computers are popular in your country?
There are a wide range of brands of computer in India. Personally, Dell is ahead of the game
in the domestic computer market because of its high quality and well-built products. Besides,
the high-rated brands such as Apple, Lenovo, HP, Acer have been common to customers
recently.
Vocabulary
Ahead of the game (expression) ahead of one’s competitors or peers in the same sphere of
activity
8.3. What do you usually use your computer for?
My computer is very useful for my study, especially in my civil engineering major. With
some software on computer, I can do my design assignments. Besides, the Internet which I
can get access to when using computers is a modern and convenient means of
communication for me to connect with my friends from all over the world.
Vocabulary
Means of communication/transportation (phrase) tools/ways to do Sth
8.4. Who taught you how to use a computer?
I learnt how to use computer back in 1995 when I was in my elementary school. At first, my
teachers taught me to use computer. However, most of the time, I learned by myself. With a
19

curious and adventurous mind, I learnt how to use Word, Excel or Photoshop by reading
books and watching some online tutorials.
8.5. Do you think computers have changed your life a lot?
Personally, most of my daily work depends on computers. Sometimes, I think I am addicted
to computer. According to some studies, it is believed that over-exposure to computers will
post some dire threats to health such as bad eyesight, obesity or diabetes. Thus, I think I
need to cut down on the amount of time that I spend on using computers and focusing on
more outdoor activities.
Vocabulary
Eyesight (n) a person's ability to see
To cut down on Sth (v) to reduce the frequency of doing Sth
To spend time on doing Sth (v) to pass (time) in a specified way or in a particular place.
To be addicted to (adj) enthusiastically devoted to a particular thing or activity

9. Noises
9.1. Do you mind noises?
It’s really hard for me to say no. I mean, I really can’t bear noisy people, noisy places or
even noisy things. For me noise is the number-one distractor when it comes to studying or
working. You know, they actually just go ahead and interrupt my flow of thoughts.
Can’t bear Ving (expression) can’t tolerate something
9.2. What types of noise you come across in your daily life?
Well, I have to say that I face up to a rich variety of noises on a daily basis. The first type of
noise is from traffic, especially during the rush hours. The second is noise from factories,
construction sites which never fail to distract me from working, thereby reducing my
productivity.
Face up to (phrasal verb) to confront an unpleasant situation
20

Productivity (n) The quality of being productive

9.3. Are there any sounds that you like?
I think there is one sound that can always lull me to sleep, the rain sound. There are nights I
was so stressed out that I can hardly sleep no matter how much I tried, and then I went online
searching for some sound for deep sleep or relaxation, and rain sound is always one of the
top choices. And since then rain sound has become my go-to on sleepless nights.
Vocabulary
To lull SO to sleep (v) to calm or send to sleep, typically with soothing sounds or movements
To be stressed out (adj) a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from
adverse or demanding circumstances.
Top recommendations (n) to be highly recommended
Go-to (adj) ideal, first choice
9.4. Where can you hear loud noise?
From a number of sources. It can come from the crazy drivers down there on the streets. It
can come from a building being built. It can come from a music festivals or a DJ party where
the crowd totally go wild. It can even come from a crying baby or a fight nextdoor.
9.5. Do you think there's too much noise in modern society?
Indeed. I do think the level of noise is increasing overtime mainly due to human activities.
The situation gets even worse if you live in a big modern city at a young age. Your auditory
must be trained so hard to tolerate such noise everyday. It is really alarming now to raise
people’s awareness towards this “invisible” killer.
Vocabulary
Auditory (n) relating to the sense of hearing
Tolerate (v) to accept or endure (someone or something unpleasant or disliked) with
forbearance
9.6. Are cities becoming noisier?
21

Most cities in our country are suffering serious noise pollution due to rapidly increasing
population and a massive amount of daily transportation. The consistently intense presence
of noise does serious harm to the public health.
Vocabulary
To do (serious) harm to (v) to damage the health of

10. Houses/Accommodation
10.1. What kind of housing/accommodation do you live in?
For the past 21 years I have lived in a house with my family. And I think if I can move out
and start making a living on my own, I would try my best to have an independent placewhere
I can plan and design a house layout to suit myself since sharing a room or a flat with strangers
sounds so troublesome to me.
Vocabulary
To afford (v) to be able to financially support/have enough money to pay for Sth
Suit myself (v) to do exactly what you like/want
Troublesome (adj) causing difficulty or annoyance
To make a living (v) to earn enough to support one’s self
10.2. What do you usually do in your house/flat/room?
Well definitely I’ll spend some me-time there. I study, I chill out by reading, drawing and
dancing all by myself. Sometimes I also invite one or two friends to spend time with. We’ll
watch some movies together and tell each other endless stories.
Chill out (phrasal verb) relax
Me-time (phrase) time for one’s self alone
To do Sth all by one’s self (phrase) to do Sth alone
10.3. Who do you live with?
22

I live with my family. There are 5 of us and we all have our own room, which is way more
comfortable as the older we grow, the more privacy we need for ourselves. I think our house
is big enough for us yet still a warm and cozy place that I call home.
10.4. How long have you lived there?
Although during my childhood my family had to move a lot, I’ve lived in the most recent
house for almost ten years. Comparing to the old houses, I think this house has been the best
so far.
10.5. Do you plan to live there for a long time?
The answer would be yes if the respondent is my parents, since moving in and out is too time-
consuming and exhausting. Cleaning and arranging everything all over again would be like
torture to them. For me, on the other hand, as I’m thinking of moving out to start my adult
life, hopefully soon I’ll be able to afford to live in a flat or an apartment.
Vocabulary
All over again (idiom) used for saying that you do the whole of something again starting from
the beginning, or that the whole of a long process happens again
Torture (n) great physical or mental suffering
10.6. What’s the difference between where you are living now and where you have lived
in the past?
As I’ve already mentioned my family moved several times when I was younger. And the most
current house where we’ve been living for about ten years is the best house so far. All of us
have separate rooms for our need of privacy yet a big dining room where we can spend the
whole evenings together watching TV or having dinner.
Vocabulary
Need of Sth/doing Sth (phrase) circumstances in which something is necessary; necessity
10.7. Can you describe the place where you live?/ Please describe the room you live in
23

Briefly, my humble house locates in a small and quite street, so coming home to me is like
all the craziness happened outside is left behind. Just beside my house stands a big old tree. I
have my own room with walls painted violet, which is kinda a peaceful color. The air outside
is fresh. I usually open the window to enjoy the wind and sunshine, which will help cool down
my room without an air conditioner. Since I spend most of my time staying at home, my room
means the whole world to me. It’s like a friend who is always there to share ups and downs
with me. So yeah, I would always miss my house, my room whenever I’m away.
Vocabulary
Humble (adj) having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's own importance
To help (SO) do Sth (v) to make it easier or possible for (someone) to do something by
offering them one's services or resources.
To share ups and downs (v) together being through good and bad times
To be away (adj) to or at a distance from a particular place, person, or thing
10.8. Which part of your home do you like the most?
It’s the dining room where my family spends our time together. Not only lunch or dinner but
all our family reunions take place in the dining room where we can enjoy a harmonious
atmosphere. We always try to keep the family dinner as something we cannot go a day
without, since for us it’s the family bonding that lies behind.
Vocabulary
Family reunions
Harmonious
To go a day without Sth/doing Sth (v) to feel not necessary to do Sth on a day

11. Visitors
11.1. Do you often invite friends to visit your home
24

I do but only when we have known each other well for quite a long time. As most of my
friends also enjoy staying inside like me, normally I just invite one friend then we buy some
snacks home and exchange some chitchat for hours. I sometimes invite 3 to 4 friends so we
can have a girl-night-in with movies or a small pyjama party.
Vocabulary
Chitchat (noun) gossip, casual conversation
pyjama party (n) a social occasion when a group of friends, usually children or young
people, stay for the night at one person’s house
girl-night-in (n) an evening spent outside of the home by a group of women
11.2. Do you like visitors coming to your home?
Only if I’m informed about the visit. I typically don’t like sudden visits that they pay when I
have to open the door in my pyjamas. That kind of visitors to me is so impolite. Oh, and I also
don’t like a big crowd visiting my place. They’re too noisy and most of the time I’m afraid of
my property secretly being stolen.
11.3. When do visitors come to your home?
Most of my parents’ guests or our relatives would pay a visit during daytime, whereas my
friends’ visits usually end at night like 9 or 10 pm since we may have classes during the day.
However I know them well enough so my parents have never complained about it.
11.4. Do you prefer to have friends visit you, or relatives?
Both friends’ and relatives’ visits are meaningful to me. Since our relatives live miles away,
we really appreciate their efforts and time to visit us. My friends actually only come when
they’re invited, so we don’t have much problem with time.
11.5. When someone visits you, how do you usually show hospitality (or, entertain
them)?
25

Well first I would offer them some drinks like cool water or coke. If it’s my parents’ guest, I
may politely answer some questions if they ask, otherwise I’ll just head back to my room as
my presence actually would make them feel more inconvenient to start the talk.
Vocabulary
To head back Swh (v) to return to the place from which you recently came

12. Newspaper and magazine

12.1. Do you often read newspapers?
Newspaper is actually not interesting to me. Although the information provided is updated
and official, the boring black-and-white theme and small-sized font of daily newspaper
appeared to be uncomfortable for me to read.
12.2. What do you like to read?
Well, I’m a fan of magazines. I’d like to keep myself updated on a wide variety of information
that is offered by magazines. A colorful magazine specialized for young adults is definitely a
good choice for me after work, or even when I’m on the go.
Vocabulary
On the go (phrase) busy; while moving/travelling from one place to another
12.3. Do you prefer to read local news or international news?
I think local news is more preferable for me. I’m the type of person who cannot digest too
much information that is brought about by international news. And the topics are often far
from my concern. So I guess I like to narrow my area of concern down to something local.
Vocabulary
To bring about (v) to introduce
To narrow Sth down to (v) to focus more on a specific area
12.4. Which is more popular in the place where you live, newspapers or magazines?
26

In terms of popularity I think newspaper is the winner. The content of magazines is more
specific to a group of people while that of newspapers is more general for everyone
regardless of age, gender and occupations. Newspaper also wins thanks to its price. The
paper material and printing quality of magazine make it two to three times as expensive as
newspaper, thus newspaper is way more affordable.
Vocabulary
Regardless of (adv): Without regard or consideration for
Occupation (n) a job or a profession
Printing quality (n) quality of a hard copy or printout produced by a printer
Affordable (adj) inexpensive; reasonably priced
12.5. Do many people today read newspapers?
As I’ve mentioned before, newspaper is more approachable in terms of content and more
affordable regarding price. Hence, nowadays, people of all age, gender or occupations love
reading newspaper.
Vocabulary
Approachable (adj) easy to be uptaken
12.6. In the future, do you think more people than today will read magazines, or fewer
people?
Personally I think fewer people will read magazines, as the material and printing are becoming
more and more expensive. In addition, because the content is becoming highly specific for
only a small group of the community, meaning that the information provided is not widely
useful, thus I think not many people will continue reading magazines down the road.
Vocabulary
Continue doing Sth (v) keep on doing Sth
Down the road (idiom) in the future
12.7. Do you think newspapers will be very important to you in the future?
27

Although it’s not my taste, I must say that newspaper is now important to me. The information
is highly official and reliable at a reasonable price. I think I should spend more time on reading
newspaper from now on.

13. Outdoor activity

13.1. What do you do in your spare time?
Because I’d prefer staying at home, I spend a lot of my spare time on my hobbies. Usually
I’ll start by turning on some music. If I have plenty of time, I’ll get straight to dancing or
drawing. Otherwise, if it’s just a quick break, social network would definitely a good choice.
Vocabulary
To get straight to (v) to immediately proceed Sth
Plenty of something (expression) lots of something, enough of something
13.2. Do you like outdoor activities?
Sadly I must say no. Since getting outdoor involves choosing clothes, meeting people and
sometimes standing the weather, so most of the time I’d prefer staying inside. If I’m free I
can invite some friends to come over. We can still have fun without going out.
Vocabulary
To come over (phrasal verb) to pay a visit
To go out ((phrasal verb) to have fun outside
13.3. What outdoor activities do you (most) like to do?
The outdoor activity I like to do best is my photography tour, especially when the weather is
perfectly fine. I would walk around campus to find inspiration. It could be a flower, the
sunshine or the road I walk everyday.
13.4. How often do you do that?
28

For the past few weeks I’m so busy that I hardly have time to go on my photography tours.
Previously I get outside three times a week and depending on the weather condition, I could
go out more or less often than that.
13.5. What outdoor sports do you like? (Why?)
To be honest, I’m realy into swimming, especially during the summer. Not only is swimming
good for my health, but it also helps me get in shape. Besides, I sometimes go jogging to
enjoy fresh air.
Vocabulary
In shape (idiom) in good health, fit, strong
13.6. How much time do you spend outdoors every week?
As I’ve already mentioned, I’m a little bit too busy these days for any physical exercises. If
going to the supermarket or go window-shopping are also considered as ‘getting outdoors’
then yeah, I guess I get outdoor once a week.
Vocabulary
To go window-shopping (v) to just have a look around the shops
13.7. How often do you do outdoor activities?
I’m afraid not too often. I mean it’s not in my favor now. These days I’m so busy that most
of the time I get outdoor is to go to school. Although I still hang out with friends, basically
we prefer having a drink and a little chit chat instead of doing some sports.
Vocabulary
In someone’s favor (expression) liked by someone
To do some sports (v) to play sports
13.8. What (types of) outdoor activities are popular in your country?
I think sports is particularly popular nowadays, as keeping fit is becoming more demanding.
The street activities such as skateboarding, street-performing are also growing more and more
popular among the younger generation.
29

13.7. How and where do people in your country usually socialize?

It can be seen that while a number of adults prefer quite places such as coffee shops to have
a little chat with people they know, the young generation loves to get outdoor or steps out of
their comfort zone, spending their fresh energy on social acitivities to expand their social
network.
Vocabulary
Comfort zone (n) a place, a situation or a level where SO feels confident and comfortable

14. Photos
14.1. Do you like to take photographs? Why?
If it were 3 to 4 years ago the answer would be a big no. But now it has become one of my
hobbies and I’m actually thinking of learning more about it. I had no idea what I can do with
my iPhone until I learned to make use of its wonderful camera as well as some miracle apps.
Unlike some people, I indeed want my photos to look unique, lively and a little bit
professional.
Vocabulary
To make use of (v) to use someone or something for a particular purpose, especially one that
brings a benefit to you
14.2. Do you prefer to take photos yourself or to have other people take your photos?
Why?
It would be way more comfortable taking photos myself, as I can see crystal-clear how
ridiculous my face expression looks like or if there’s something on my hair or stuck between
my teeth. And in case it’s a scenery photo, I can apply the techniques I’ve learned to produce
stunning photos.
Vocabulary
Crystal-clear (adj) absolutely clear
30

14.3. How long have you liked taking photographs?

Just recently. As a final year student, I no longer can spend hours on drawing, reading or
singing. Only photography which is way more instant suits me now to document my life.
And as I enjoy my life on this campus, for example the road I walk to school everyday, the
sunset, the rainbow, the trees, photography is the best way to store my memories.
Vocabulary
Document one’s life (expression) record the detail of one’s life
14.4. In what situations do you take photographs?
As I’ve mentioned, I snap a photo of anything that catches my eyes when I’m in a good mood.
So I take photos when my friends and I hang out or when I participate in social activities of
the university and meet amazing people. However, when it comes to practicing for
professional photography, I prefer taking photos of scenery and foods.
Vocabulary
In a good mood (idiom) a cheerful, well-disposed state of mind
When it comes to Sth/V-ing (adv) as for something; speaking about something
14.5. What kind of photos do you like to take? Why?
Food and scenery are definitely my inspiration. I just can’t sit still when beautiful breakfasts
and stunning landscape keep appearing on my Instagram everyday. What is more, it is my
natural instinct that helps me to go find the simple uniqueness of my university, namely the
sunset, the lake, the trees and flowers and show people how beautiful my university is.
However, I’m not good at taking photos of people so actvities or street-life is not my style.
Vocabulary
Sit still (idiom) to remain seated
Natural instinct (collocation) the way people or animals naturally react or behave, without
having to think or learn
14.6. How (why) did you become interested in photography?
31

The situation was quite all of a sudden. I posted some scenery photos I took on the spur of
the moment on Instagram and received lots of compliments, even from those whom I’m not
following. Then I realized I should develop this skill, you know, should take it seriously and
keep up the good work. And the more I learn about it, the more passionate I become.
Vocabulary
On the spur of the moment (idiom) do without planning, suddenly
All of a sudden (idiom) suddenly
To keep up the good work (phrase) used to encourage SO for continuing what they are
doing well
14.7. How often do you take photographs?
Not too often I must say. Since I really don’t like posting boring photos with the same object
all the time, so timing is everything. I believe my guts will know exactly when and how I
should flick to produce high-quality photos.
Vocabulary
Guts (n) to be used in reference to a feeling or reaction based on an instinctive emotional
response rather than considered thought.
14.8. Do you prefer to take pictures of people or of scenery?
I think I’m gonna go for taking scenery photos. As a beginner, the knowledge of human facial
expression, the part that needs focus, the harmonization between them and their surroundings
are a bit too advanced for me. I can’t really make the person in my photo become lively as I
do with the scenery. Besides, looking at the beauty of nature and capturing it is kind of
mind-purifying to me and is a good way to escape from the artificial world. So yeah, scenery
is safer and more enjoyable.
Vocabulary
Mind-purifying (adj) make your mind naturally pure, free from negative thoughts
14.9. Who do you take photos of?
32

Although I’m not good at taking photos of people, I do take selfies with new friends whom I
meet when I participate in social activities. To me it’s more like a reminder or something to
look back, reminding me that yeah, this time last year I went out, I met amazing people and
had lots of fun.
Vocabulary
To look back (v) to think about a time or event in the past
14.10. How do you keep your photos?
Printing the photos out, making an album or sticking them on the wall for decoration sound
so common and also interesting. But I don’t think photos are worth that much time and budget,
unless what I captured is apparently important to me, otherwise I only keep them in my
iPhone.
14.11. Do you keep your photographs on your computer?
I don’t think I need to do so. Firstly, because my memory is somewhat similar to goldfish
memory, storing in different devices would drive me crazy. Plus, my iPhone has large
memory storage so I think I won’t need computer for storage.
Vocabulary
Goldfish memory (n) SO who quickly forgets things
14.12. Are there any photos on the walls of your house?
Since my parents love decorating our house, putting photos nicely on the walls of my house
is an essential part of their decoration style. Some photos go with frame or plastic cover, some
are sticked directly onto the wall in heart-shaped. However, it’s quite ridiculous for me to see
myself grinning everywhere in the house so I told them to let me decorate my room on my
own.
Vocabulary
To see one’s-self doing Sth (n) to have an eye on SO doing Sth
On my own (adv) do Sth alone
33

14.13. Do you frame (or have you framed) any of your photos? yes, which?& why?
Although I don’t usually print my photos out, I think I would store some photos of me with
my high school friends or me with my family. And framing helps preventing scratching and
is good for long-term storage, so this is probably a good alternative beside albums.
14.14. Do you prefer to send postcards to people or to send photos that you took
yourself? (Why?)
Firstly, the postcards are made of thicker paper, which makes it way more convenient for
long-term storage as well as decoration. Secondly, the process of sending and receiving
postcards appeared to be simpler and faster compared to photos. For those reasons I think I
probably go with sending postcards.

15. Teachers
15.1. What kinds of teachers do you like best?
My favorite kind of teacher is someone who is helpful, quite firmed and has high
expectations for students, especially if he/she teaches the subject I love. That kind of teachers
always have admirable passion for their job which motivates me to work harder in order to
impress them.
Vocabulary
To have high expectations for SO (v) to strongly believe that someone will or should achieve
something
15.2. Who was your favorite teacher when you were young?
Definitely my Literature teachers in my high school. The first reason is because Literature is
my favorite subject that I believed my knowledge and efforts could impress the teachers.
Secondly, my Literature teachers tended to have a soft voice and inspiring teaching style that
got me excited whenever the class began.
15.3. Would you want to be a teacher in the future?
34

I think I would, but I want to become a lecturer instead. Although teaching has always been
my dream job since I was a kid, my specialization is not pedagogy, which makes it difficult
for me to teach at schools.
Vocabulary
Specialization (n) The process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular
subject or skill
Pedagogy (n) The method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or
theoretical concept
15.4. Have you ever had bad teachers before?
Luckily I haven’t met such an evil teacher. I think as long as you’re hard-working and you do
all the homework, learn the lessons well enough and don’t break any school’s regulations,
your name shall not appear on the teachers’ blacklist.
Vocabulary
Blacklist (n) A list of people or groups regarded as unacceptable or untrustworthy and often
marked down for punishment or exclusion

16. Walking
16.1. Do you like to walk?
Walking is unavoidable especially when you live on campus. You go to school on foot, you
go to buy food on foot, you walk here and there everyday. There are days that my legs
actually killed me. Therfore, I have to say that walking is not my cup of tea, although I have
to walk on a daily basis.
Vocabulary
On campus (n) the grounds and buildings of a university or college
Here and there (idiom) in various places
Not one's cup of tea (idiom) not what one likes or is interested in
35

16.2. Do you like to walk on your own or with others?

Say if I’m in a hurry, I just walk or run as fast as I can, no time for chit-chat right? But even
when there’s a plenty of time, walking is ideal to calm down, breath in some fresh air and
enjoy the world outside in silence. So I think I’m more into walking on my own.
Vocabulary
In a hurry (idiom) going somewhere very quickly, usually because you are late
Chit-chat (noun) informal conversation about unimportant matters
To calm down (n) to feel more relaxed
To be into something (idiom) to be interested in something
16.3. Would you say that your city is a good place for walking?
Walking is not as popular as it used to be in my city, as more and more people prefer riding
a motorbike. So currently there are fewer parks and walking areas for residents. Moreover,
walking under such hot weather and heavily polluted air is definitely not a good idea. So I
would not recommend my city as a good place for walking.
Vocabulary
Resident (noun) a person who lives in a place permanently
16.4. Do people in your country walk a lot?
Nowadays they don’t walk as much as they used to in the past. Private transportation is
becoming more affordable and diverse in terms of price, design and quality. You may easily
catch sign of the middle-aged and the elderly walking in the park or on the street, and they
all look like they are enjoying themselves.
Vocabulary
Diverse (adj) of various kinds or forms
Middle-aged (adj) being in the time in a person’s life between youth and old age
16.5. Do you think that we need to walk more?
36

Absolutely. Walking is the most convenient and simple exercise. Not only do people of all
age can do it, but it also encourages us to get outdoor to change a bit of our surroundings,
thereby helping us relax and stay balanced.

17. Books
17.1. How often do you read?
As a final year student I spend most of my time on reading, especially textbooks and other
reference books that my lecturers recommend in the reading list. I’m also a huge fan of novels
and fictions, but only during summer break that I have time to concentrate on reading them
without any disturbance.
Vocabulary
A huge fan of (expression) an enthusiastic admirer of a sport, hobby or well-known person
Concentrate on (phrasal verb) focus on doing something
Disturbance (noun) action that makes you stop or interrupt what you are doing
17.2. Do you have many books at home?
Totally. I’m a bookaholic to be honest. I enjoy going to annual book fairs where they usually
run big sales to get lots of books without much worries ‘bout the price. Since my parents are
also book-nerds, I think the number of books we have is even enough to open a bookstore.
Vocabulary
Bookaholic (n) people who love book
Book-nerd (n) people who like books
17.3. Do people do enough reading?
If you mean reading something meaningful and realistic, I must say it’s not enough. The
young generation are too into technology that I don’t think they have time for reading. Plus,
publishing nowadays is not as strictly selective as it used to be, thus the young mostly read a
37

number of books which indeed have no value at all, compared to Les Miserable, Gone with
the wind, Jane Eyre, etc.
Vocabulary
To be into doing Sth (adj) to be very interested in/keen on doing something
Selective (adj) tending to select; characterized by careful choice
17.4. What kind of people like reading and what kind of people don’t like reading very
much?
From my point of view, I think book-nerds are those who prefer putting themselves in the
character’s shoes, you know, they wanna interact with the story, the characters on their own
way. Some of them love to imagine how the story is supposed to continue while some keep
wondering what they would do if the drama suddenly happened in their real life. Those who
do not like to read are either too busy with their life that they even can’t remember the
characters’ names, or they prefer listening, I mean, they prefer knowing the endings only.
Vocabulary
Book-nerd (n) people who like books
To put one’s self in SO’s shoes (v) to understand SO’s feelings by putting yourself in their
situation

18. Music
18.1. Do you often (like to) listen to music? Or Do you like listening to songs?
So far I haven’t met anyone who dislikes listening to music. However, when the workload is
too heavy that requires me to stay highly focused, music is a huge distractor. Unlike many
people who like listening to instrumental music because it highly benefits for their
concentration and study, in my case the music makes me feel instantly sleepy.
18.2. When do you listen to music?
38

Well, music is essential to human in the whole world so I’m no exception. I usually listen to
cheerful music when I need motivation while sad music is my go-to choice during emotional
days.
Vocabulary
To be no exception (adj) if someone or something is no exception, they are the same as all
others so they can be included in a general statement
18.3. How much time do you spend listening to music every day?
As I’ve mentioned I prefer working in silence. To put it simply, no music is allowed during
my working hours. After a long day at school, I probably want to chill out for like half an
hour with music to help me stay energetic so I can get back to work later.
Vocabulary
To put it simply (expression) used for saying that you are explaining something in
a clear and simpleway
Chill out (phrasal verb) to relax
18.4. What kinds of music do you like to listen to? Or What’s your favorite kind of
music?
My music taste varies widely from West to East and from the 90s to modern EDM. But if
Korean pop is considered as a kind of music, then yeah, that’s my favorite of all time. More
than half of my playlists are Korean songs and I always keep myself updated with the news
related to Korean showbiz.
Vocabulary
To keep updated (v) to follow a celebrity by frequently reading news about them
18.5. Have you ever been to a concert before? Or Have you ever been to a musical
performance?
Once in a blue moon I attend a concert, since the ticket price for foreign artists’ concerts is
so out of my reach that I can only stay home and watch online. It was 2014 that I finally did
39

go to a concert on my own, obviously it was an international music concert. It was absolutely

mind-blowing and unforgettable for me.
Vocabulary
Once in a blue moon (idiom) rarely
Out of my reach (idiom) to be unable to afford
On one’s own (idiom) Responsible for oneself, independent of outside help or control
Mind-blowing (adj) Sth overwhelmingly impressive
18.6. Do you like to listen to live music?
Unless it’s live at a coffee shop, where literally there are only you and music, then yeah I
would love to. But I would change my mind if it’s a concert. The crowd is too crazy. It’s
completely a mess that most of the time I end up having serious dizzy and headache.
18.7. When did you start listening to this type of music?
Since the day a friend of mine introduced her favorite group to me. She couldn’t help herself
talking on and on about them that I thought I somehow needed to catch up with her. And the
more I know about Korean pop, the more passionate I’ve become.
Couldn’t help one’s self doing Sth (n) continuously doing Sth
On and on (expression) continually; at tedious length
18.8. Where do you listen to it?
Almost everywhere, except for classroom. It’s the golden era of mobile devices, everyone
carries earphone and phone with them all the time, music therefore is on their fingertips.
Golden era (n) a certain period of time that Sth vastly develops
On their fingertips (phrase) easy to reach
18.9. How do you feel when you listen to this music?
Well I’m a type of person whose mood is easily affected by what I’m listening to, thus as
the music changes, my mood also fluctuates. But most of the time, listening to some music
helps me pick up my energy and chill a bit.
40

Vocabulary
To be a type of person (that) (phrase) to belong to a group of people who share a similar
characteristic
Pick up my energy (phrasal verb) to get better, stronger
18.10. Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument?
I learned to play the organ when I was in kindergarten. It was quite funny because I started
out as one of the performers, then my teacher told my mom that I had better play the organ
instead of performing, so I became her trainee and it continued for around 4 to 5 years until I
was 10.
Vocabulary
To start out (v) to begin
18.11. Is music an important subject at school in your country?
Music is one of the compulsory subjects for primary and secondary students in my country.
However, mainly singing is focused. We can also add some movements to make the songs
more lively. Only those who are selected for the big performances are allowed to use musical
instruments.
Vocabulary
Compulsory (adj) to be required
18.12. Did you often listen to music when you were a child? (If yes give details.)
Since my parents are music-lovers and they also have very good tastes, I was exposed to the
old kinds of music at a very young age. Sometimes my mom sang me to sleep with her
lullabies. Although I can’t get the message at that time, my mom said that I buoyed up when
listening to them.
Vocabulary
Bouyed up (adj) feel cheerful
18.13. What kinds of music are (most) popular in your country?
41

Beside pop music, the young generation nowadays expose to a number of different types of
music. It is indeed difficult to tell which is the most in demand, since from my point of view
each type has roughly the same popularity. But I guess pop music is the most sought-after
now. At least I’ve never met someone who completely doesn't know a single pop song.
Vocabulary
Sought-after (adj) in demand
18.14. Do you like traditional songs?
Well, it’s easy for me to name some traditional songs, some of which are even quite familiar
to me. But to be honest, I think I’m not that into this kind of music.

19. Study
19.1. Describe your education
I graduated from High School for the Gifted and headed to the International University
because I think 2-year studying at this university would prepare me well, especially my
English before I finish another 2 years abroad at the University of Nottingham.
19.2. What is your area of specialization?
I’m currently taking Plant Biotechnology. I’ve committed to Biology since I was in high
school and I think a shift to a field where Biology and advanced technology are associated
would be interesting and promising for my future career.
19.3. Why did you choose to study that major?
There are many reasons for my choice. As I’ve already explained about my long-term interest
in Biology and plants, another reason could be because of science itself, since I’ve found my
personalities have changed in a positive way, you know, like I’ve become more patient and
skillful.
19.4. Do you like your major? (Why?/Why not?)
42

To tell you the truth it was quite challenging for me at first, because the university’s
requirements are especially high and you know science itself highly demands skillful hands
and curious mind. However, as time goes by I think I’m getting used to the amount of pressure
and actually enjoy my study.
19.5. What kind of school did you go to as a child?
Well just like most of the pupils, I spent five years at the government's primary school. It took
me only 10 minutes to go to school and I had my parents take me to school everyday. Classes
start at 7 in the morning and end at 5 in the evening.
19.6. What was your favourite subject as a child?
To tell you the truth, I was quite good at Literature back then. Thus I always tried my best to
get high score and impressed my teacher.
19.7. (Possibly) Are you looking forward to working?
To be honest, working is actually my plan B just in case I need to make ends meet. In the
future I think my higher degree is my priority.
Vocabulary
Plan B (n) back-up plan
To make ends meet (v) to make money, to earn a living

20. Work
20.1. What do you do?
For the past few months I’ve been working for The Guardian as a news editor. In fact this is
my first job ever, I’m working really hard to contribute to the success of this prestigious
newspaper.
20.2. What are your responsibilities?
As a part-time editor, I am responsible for editing news related to different current affairs as
well as collecting information for the newspaper edition.
43

20.3. Why did you choose to do that type of work (or, that job)?
I guess it’s mainly because of the job flexibility & my passion for journalism. To be more
specific, this job offers me alternatives to the typical nine-to-five work schedule, enabling
me to find a better balance between work and life. Besides, this job gives me opportunities to
pursue my dream to become a journalist down the road.
Vocabulary
Job flexibility (expression) gives employees flexibility on how long, where and when
they work.
Nine-to-five work (phrase) the normal work schedule for most jobs
20.4. Is there some other kind of work you would rather do?
At present I don’t think I’m able to dedicate myself to any other job rather than this one. In
fact, to me it’s the experiences and opportunities I can gain that really matters.
Vocabulary
To dedicate to Sth (v) devote (time or effort) to a particular task or purpose
20.5. Describe the company or organization you work for.
The Guardian is a National British daily newspaper which offers free access both to current
news and an archive of three million stories. In April 2011, MediaWeek reported that The
Guardian was the fifth most popular newspaper site in the world. I personally believe that the
guardian is the inspirational workplace for all people who dream of becoming a journalist.
20.6. Do you enjoy your work?
Most of the time. Contributing to the news production for a world-class newspaper gives me
a sense of satisfaction and pride.
Vocabulary
World-class (adj) of or among the best in the world
20.7. What do you like/dislike about your job?
44

Well the perk of being a news editor is that you’ll surround yourself with inspiring news
on a daily basis. What I don’t like about this job is that I have to do a thousand edits to get
the final one to meet the requirement of my boss. Sometimes I feel a bit overloaded with
tons of tasks.
Vocabulary
Perk (n) an advantage or something extra that you are given because of your job
Overloaded (adj) to give excessive work, responsibility, or information to
20.9. (Possibly)Do you miss being a student?
I surely will miss my student life once I get involve in the workplace. For me I think when
I’m a student, at least I have someone guide me, whereas at work mostly you must guide
yourself. The academic environment appears to be a comfort zone for me, while I’m sure I’ll
struggle with fitting in the working environment.
Vocabulary
To get involve in (v) to become a part of (an organization)
To fit in (v) to become suitable or appropriate for Sth or SO

21. Activity near water

21.1. What activities would you do if you were spending some leisure time at a beach or
near the ocean?
Obviously I’d first take some picture. The ocean looks stunning at any time to me. Then I’ll
go swimming. There’s no such thing more relaxing than surfing and chasing big waves. Then
probably I’ll build some sandcastle or just lie down and enjoy the fresh air.
21.2. Why do some people like water sports?
The first reason that pops up in my mind is because people want to be immersed in water
which is ideal for the hot summer days. Water is also believed to have the capability of easing
45

our mind, which might explain why people love swimming. Besides, when it comes to
diving, surfing or canoeing, the story is totally different. Extreme sports under the water bring
about unforgettable experiences with nature.
21.3. Do you think the government should invest money in developing facilities for water
sports?
Since I’m not a fan of aquatic sports, what I know about the current problem of facilities is
actually limited. But personally, I think it depends on whether that type of water sports worths
investing in. If it serves for national or international competitions, definitely upgrading should
be allowed.
21.4. Do you think that human activity is posing a threat to the oceans of the world?
What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling on the ocean?
There are indeed a large number of human activities that have serious impacts on the oceans,
namely fishing, shipping, oil spillage and tourism. Some of the consequences remain
unsolved for many years. Along with other activities taking place on land, human beings are
continuously destroying the nature. There is such a wonderful world under the sea that almost
every human desires to discover. Travelling is a good mean to kick-start. However, a
multitude of accidents have occurred. Therefore, travelers’ safety is one of the top concerns.
Vocabulary
Oil spillage (n) a quantity of liquid that has spilled or been spilled
21.5. Do you think it’s important for children to learn how to swim?
It is extremely important for children to learn swimming. A number of accidents have taken
place over the past few years due to parents’ unawareness. Thus, children need to be taught
to swim so they can protect themselves.
21.6. Do you think it’s best for a child to be taught to swim by a parent or by someone
else?
Of course, because a child should be taught how to swim to avoid being vulnerable by
46

drowning. However, their parents should also be there with their children to encourage
him/her or protect him/her.

22. Birthday
22.1. How do children celebrate birthdays in your country?
To most people, birthday could be a very special day. They look forward to having a birthday
cake and share the big day with family and friends. Children are no exception. On this
occasion, they have birthday parties to invite their beloved friends and relatives to join. The
parties can take place at home or in restaurants.
22.2. How did you celebrate your last birthday?
Well since I was in the middle of my final exam week, I had no time to think about my
birthday. I celebrated it shortly after the exam was over. My friends cooked me a dinner and
bought me some cakes. And friends from my hometown also sent me lots of wishes. I think
that humble party was fairly enough for me.
Vocabulary
Shortly after (phrase) soon after
22.3. What kinds of birthday gifts do you like to receive?
I think I’m fine with any kind of casual birthday presents like handmade gifts, stuffed animals,
flowers, accessories and cosmetics. It’s much appreciated as long as they can remember my
birthday and give me wishes.
22.4. Is there a difference between the way you celebrate your birthday in the past and
the present?
There lies a big difference. When I was a child, I celebrated every year by a big party with
my family and lots of friends. As I grow up, I tend to separate the celebration with my family
from that with my friends.
47

23. Chocolate
23.1. How often do you eat chocolate?
Well mostly I don’t buy myself chocolate, since it’s quite pricey and not my favorite snack.
Only when someone gives me chocolate will I eat some.
23.2. What's your favorite flavor?
Though I’m not addicted to chocolate, I do have my all-time favorite flavor, which is the
white chocolate. Since I have a sweet tooth, dark chocolate would be too bitter for me.
Meanwhile, milk chocolate just isn’t sweet enough. So white chocolate is just a perfect fit.
Vocabulary
All---time favorite (noun) favorite of all choices, during all times
To have a sweet tooth (n) to like sweet foods
23.3. When was the first time you ate chocolate?
I think most of the children at that time were a fan of M&M chocolate and I was no exception.
Now that my taste changed though, still I enjoy having some M&M snacks.
23.4. Is chocolate popular in your country?
There are a variety of chocolate brands with different price range and quality available in the
market nowadays. Thanks to the health benefits that it offers for human, consuming
chocolate at a suitable level is encouraged. The sweetness of chocolate also makes it a
common present that men choose to give their beloved women in special days, especially
Valentine’s Day or International Women’s Day.
23.5. Is chocolate good for our health?
Scientifically, chocolate provides human a number of health benefits. Firstly, eating
chocolate helps improve our mood, even when we’re under pressure. Secondly, consuming
chocolate at a reasonable amount is good for cardiovascular system. Interestingly, chocolate
has been proved to contain antioxidants, which benefits for women as well.
48

Vocabulary
Cardiovascular system (n) The system that circulates blood and lymph through the body,
consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph, and the lymphatic vessels and glands
To benefit for (v) to provide advantages to SO
Antioxidant (n) a substance such as vitamin C or E that removes potentially damaging
oxidizing agents in a living organism.

24. Hometown
24.1. What’s (the name of) your hometown?
Victoria is my hometown which’s a province located in the west of my country.
24.2. Is that a big city or a small place?
Actually, it is a small province with slightly more than 1 billion people. It has beautiful
landscapes with mountains and lakes. However, due to the increasing economy, a number of
business, especially in sugarcane, are invested in my hometown that turns it into a promising
area.
24.3. Please describe your hometown a little?
My hometown is traditional and modern. On the one hand, tradition is preserved by a number
of festivals celebrated by local people. On the other hand, we preserve the historical sites for
tourism and education.
Vocabulary
Historical sites (n) a building that was built in the past
24.4. How long have you been living there?
I had lived there around 15 years before my family left for Santa City. It’s more than ten years
since the day I left my hometown but in my mind, it is indeed a good memory of my
childhood.
49

24.5. What do you like (most) about your hometown?

I like the hospitality and the love of people there which I hardly find them in my current
place. Everyone is living close together and willing to give others a hand when they need
help.
Vocabulary
Hospitality (n) The friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or
strangers
Give someone a hand (idiom) to help someone do something
24.6. Is there anything you dislike about it?
Personally, it’s a bit boring for me because as a small town, there is not much shopping mall
or any other means of entertainment. The streets are not very crowded as well. However, I
believe that it has been improving day by day and becoming a potential hotspot due to the
increasing number of annual visitors.
24.7. Do you think you will continue living there for a long time?
To be honest, I hope I could come back there one day to visit my relatives and friends, but to
settle down my life there is not my plan. I am getting familiar with city life and there are
more job opportunities for my future career.
Vocabulary
To settle down (v) adopt a more steady or secure style of life, especially in a permanent job
and home

25. Singing
25.1. Do you often sing?
I absolutely love singing, although I just figured out my singing ability like 3 or 4 years ago
and of course it’s not perfect. When I’m into a song, I can’t help myself singing it day and
night.
50

25.2. When do you like to sing?

I sing whenever I feel like to, you know, when I’m bored or when I’m in a good mood. And
since I’m not that type of a so-called performer, most of the time I sing for myself.
25.3. How much time do you spend in singing every day?
Well as I already mentioned, singing is all about enjoying myself. Unless the song is so
amazing, or my voice is so surprisingly incredible on that day, I can keep singing for hours.
25.4. What kinds of music do you like to sing?
I must say it depends on my mood. If I’m so down, singing some songs which bring back
some good memories could make me feel somehow buoyed up, and on the days when I’m
so motivated, so energetic, I would sing the songs that are full of hope and the sunshine and
dreams. Yeah, so you can tell that I don’t stick with a certain kind of music.
25.5. Is it difficult to sing well?
Indeed. Unless you have a beautiful voice, or you at least have gained yourself some basic
knowledge about notes, vocal ranges and beat, etc., then it’s easier for you to go further in
your singing career. Otherwise yes, singing well would be a huge challenge.
25.6. Do you want to be a singer?
Well, from what I've known, being a singer is not easy at all. It’s not just about performing,
but it’s also involved in interaction with fans and other colleagues. Based on what I’ve known
about showbiz, and even the music industry in general, I think that I don’t belong to that
world.
Vocabulary
Not at all (phrase) certainly not

26. Sunny days

26.1. Do you like sunny days?
51

I definitely love sunny days, on which I can hang out with friends or do some sports. It is
even better with the winds blowing. Sunny days are somehow helpful for laundry as well as
cleaning both inside and outside the house.
26.2. What do you like to do when it’s a sunny day?
I’d love to participate in some outdoor activities under the sun like meeting up with some
friends or do some sports, especially swimming. Or I’ll grab the chance for a photography
tour. Everything becomes so clear and stunning on sunny days, no matter it’s early in the
morning or late in the afternoon, as long as the sun shines, I’m sure I’ll find inspiration
almost everywhere.
Vocabulary
To grab the chance (v) to have an opportunity to do Sth
26.3. Would you like to stay at home or go outside when the weather is great?
I think I would say it depends on my mood and my workload. I definitely cannot go out enjoy
myself if my work is still a mess, even though it was such nice weather. And unless I feel
super energetic and motivated, I think most of the time I’d prefer staying inside, no matter
how the sun shines or how cool the weather is.
26.4. Are there many sunny days in your hometown?
It is a modern big city so unless it’s our rainy season, otherwise the sun would shine most of
the time, either during one day or the whole year. Sometimes the temperature rises so high
that it feels like burning, that’s when people prefer staying indoor enjoying the cool air
produced by air conditioners.

27. Weekends
27.1. What do you do in your spare time?
52

Because I’d prefer staying at home, I spend my spare time for my hobbies. Usually I’ll start
by turning on some music. If I have plenty of time, I’ll get straight to dancing or drawing.
Otherwise, if it’s just a quick break, social network such as Facebook or Instagram will
definitely be a good choice.

27.2. When do you spend time with your family?

Since my parents go to work for a whole day, my younger brother and I has classes every
day, so we only meet to have dinner in the evening. Although we’re busy with own schedule,
we tried to maintain the family-dinner habit as regularly as possible, so having dinner with
my family has apparently become a habit.
27.3. What do you usually do on weekends? What did you do last weekend?
Weekends are my pamper days, if I don’t have to go to the supermarket to fill the fridge or
meet my friends. Of course the first thing I’ll do every weekend is to oversleep as long as I
could. I spend most time on chilling out at the weekend. I’d like to cook myself a big yummy
meal and watch some TV while eating. Besides, I’d probably practice dancing for a while or
go online chatting with my friends a bit longer. And when the night comes, after planning
what to do next week, I’ll give myself some treatment and go to bed early.
Vocabulary
Pamper day (n) a day to stay at home and enjoy one’s self
To chill out (v) to relax, to have some rest
For a while (expression) for a short time
27.4. What do other people in your hometown (or in your country) usually do on the
weekend?
As far as I’m concerned, people have a plethora of things to do on the weekends. The elder
can go shopping. They can play sports or they can go for a drink with their friends at some
53

nice coffee shops.Meanwhile, the young usually plunge themselves into beautiful landscapes
on a short road trip to escape from the hustle and bustle of the city.
Vocabulary
Plunge oneself into (phrasal verb) suddenly experience something
The hustle and bustle (expression) busy and noisy activity
27.5. What are you going to do next weekend?
I don’t have any actual plan for weekends, to be honest. If I’m free and the weather is nice,
probably I’d have a drink and chit chat with my friends, since we don’t see each other often
during weekdays. Otherwise I’ll just stay home, continue with my work and enjoy me time.
Me time (n) one's own personal time to be alone
27.6. Do you think it is important to make the most of your weekend?
I absolutely agree with this idea. The weekend is a perfect time for recharging my batteries
after an exhausting working week, staying connected to family and friends, and planning
ahead for the incoming week. A relaxing weekend will also help me avoid getting sucked
into a routine that feels a lot like a daily grind.
Vocabulary
Had better do Sth (adv) Sth that should be done rather than Sth else
Daily grind (phrase) everyday routine
Get sucked into (phrase verb) become involved in an unpleasant situation
27.6. Do you feel that weekends now are more important to you than when you were a
child?
Yes, weekends or day offs are becoming more important to me. Since working time accounts
for higher proportion of my schedule, I barely have time for family or friends, not to mention
taking care of ourselves. Back then I was of course more relaxed. There were no pressure, no
deadlines and I have my parents take care of me.
Vocabulary
54

Day-off (n) a day that is free from work/classes

To take away (v) to carry Sth on the go

28. Art
28.1. Do you like art?
I have a lifelong passion for art since I was a child. Beside official art class in school, I also
joined a drawing class in The Children’ House and my teachers were very pleased with my
drawings. I also participated in some drawing competitions back then. Until now I still draw
in my free time, although not as often as I used to do.
Vocabulary
To have a passion for (v) to be enthusiastic about Sth
To participate in (v) to join in
28.2. Do you think art classes are necessary? (Why?)/ 28.3. How do you think art classes
affect children's development?
Learning arts, especially at a young age, can help stimulate children’s cognitive development
and encourage them to think outside the box. Because they’re still little, their ideas are very
fresh and lovely, which worths appreciating.
Vocabulary
Cognitive development (noun) the construction of thought processes, including
remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, etc
Think outside the box (idiom) think creatively
28.4. What kind of paintings do people like?
In my opinion, people love hanging landscape paintings at home. Bringing in the beauty of
Mother Nature somehow ease people’s mind after a long day at work. Another style of
drawing that most people also like is portrait. It could be portraits of someone important to
them or even their lovely pets.
55

Vocabulary
Landscape (n) scenery, a large area of land
Portrait: A painting, drawing, photograph, or engraving of a person, especially one depicting
only the face or head and shoulders
28.5. What benefits can you get from painting as a hobby?
I think the mediation efficiency worths mentioning first. Colors in some ways reflect our
thoughts and emotions very well and somehow stimulate our body to defense against our
negativity inside. For me, in particular, I think what’s so interesting about painting is that you
have no idea how harmonized colors can become until you actually try.
Vocabulary
Mediation (n) psychological treatment to stay calm
To be harmonized (n) to be well combined
28.6. How often do you visit art galleries?
To tell you the truth, I have never visited art galleries before. Unless I have a guide to
acknowledge me, art galleries would be quite boring for me.
28.7. What kinds of things do you like to draw?
My main inspiration is Japanese manga. The drawing topic is extremely varied, however only
manga seems to show great potency for my level. I have a big collection at home and as I
sometimes go through it again, I can see how much I’ve improved.
Vocabulary
To go through Sth (v) to check Sth again
28.8. Is it easy to learn how to draw?
I think I must say it’s even challenging for a lot of people. I absolutely failed when it comes
to drawing still life paintings like fruit and flowers. I think for those who succeed in drawing
or arts in general, they first must have God-gifted talent, then comes to the long-term
commitment to arts that requires extreme practice and high patience.
56

Vocabulary
Still life (n) a painting or drawing of an arrangement of objects, typically

29. Family
29.1. How often do you meet with your family?
Well, because all of us are fully occupied with our schedule, we don’t see each other during
daytime. In the evening we’ll have dinner and watch TV together and talk about our day. I
think in the future if I’m ever able to move out, I’ll try to set aside time to visit my parents at
least twice a week.
Vocabulary
Occupied with (adj) busy
Set aside (phrasal verb) reserve for a special purpose
29.2. How do you spend the time with your family?
We’ll have a delicious big dinner together with scrumptious food prepared by my mom.
After we have dinner at around 7 o’clock, we’ll watch the news, have some chat with each
other or huddle together to play cards. It’s a precious time when we can momentarily get
away from the hectic whirlwind of daily activities.
Vocabulary
Scrumptious (adj) delicious
Hectic whirlwind (expression) a busy schedule
Huddle together (phrase) gather together
29.3. Do you want to live with your family in the future?
I think probably not. It’s better for me to try to start an independent life as a grown-up.
However, I still have the responsibility to tak good care of my parents that I’ll make time to
visit them at least twice a week.
Vocabulary
57

To make time to do Sth (n) to try to spend time doing Sth that is not just for fun like hobbies
29.4. What activities do your family like doing together?
Well, as I’ve mentioned we usually have dinner together. Besides, on weekends, we would
love to eat out or get outdoor. Sometimes we have a family trip to the beach to enjoy
ourselves on the day that all of us are free from work.
Vocabulary
To eat out (v) to have meal outside
Family trip (n) to travel with family members
29.5. Are you close to of your family members?
My parents are quite traditional that they try to form a strong bond between all of the family
members. They take good care of my brother and me and guide us in some of our life aspects.
Vocabulary
To take good care of (v)
29.6. How has your family influenced you?
Although my parents are traditional, they try to become my friends, by helping me and
encouraging me without forcing me to live up to their expectations. They also imprinted
on me proper principles like moral values, respect, humbleness, patience, deligence, etc. I
think my family shaped who I am now. I’m deeply thankful for having such a wonderful
family.
Vocabulary
To live up to SO’s expectations (v) to try to please others
Imprint (v) to establish securely, as in the mind or consciousness
Deligence (n) careful and persistent work or effort
58

30. Handcrafts
30.1. Do you like collect things made by hand?
Collecting things are one of my hobbies, especially something old and memorable like
stamps, photos, that sort of things.
30.2. Did you ever take handcrafts lessons at school?
Handcraft actually is a compulsory subject in primary schools in my country. I think it’s aimed
to teach the students about patience and creativity.
30.3. Are handcrafts popular in your country?
Handcraft is extremely popular here, to tell you the truth. People are just crazy about making
on their own accessories, key chains, jewelry, even beauty products. Some makers believe
that their receivers will be so happy because they put their heart in their stuff.
Vocabulary
To be crazy about Sth/doing Sth (v) Sth that cause affection among a group of people
To put a one’s heart in Sth/doing Sth (v) to do Sth with passion
30.4. Do you think children should learn more about handcrafts?
I definitely think that children should be encouraged to learn more about handcraft. Although
they’re not so good at it, they could learn to be more patient, dexterous, and creative.
Moreover, handcraft can help develop their skillful hands.
Vocabulary
Dexterous (adj) demonstrating neat skill, especially with the hands.
30.5. Do you think handcrafts are meaningful activities?
Yes. They support intellectual development not only in children but also in a wide range of
age. You know, some people may suppose that making handcrafts is a piece of cake. I’m of
the opinion that it require more sophisticated skills than people expect like meticulousness,
creativity and patience.
Vocabulary
59

To be intellectual (adj) The capability of reasoning and understanding objectively, especially

with regard to abstract matters.
A piece of cake (idiom) easy
Meticulousness (n) taking or showing extreme care about minute details
31. Hats and bags
31.1. Do you like to wear hats?
Although hats help shield your hair and face from direct sunlight, to be honest I don’t really
like wearing hats daily. My hair is always a mess after I take them out. Instead of wearing
hats, I think I prefer bringing an umbrella with me.
31.2. What kinds of hats do you have?/ 31.3. Where do you like to buy hats?
Well as I’ve mentioned, wearing hats is definitely not my daily style, so generally I don’t
have any hats at home. There is the only type of hat I’m particularly fond of, which is baseball
caps. This kind of hat can give me a sporty and strong look, you know.
31.4. Is wearing hats popular in your country?
It’s not much sought after in my country where motorbike is the most common means of
transportation, and it is a must to wear a helmet whenever you ride a motorbike for safety. I
think you can imagine how much uncomfortable it is to wear a hat under the helmet. Thus in
most of the case, hats are for pedestrians and fashionista.
Vocabulary
Sought after (adj) in demand; generally desired
Pedestrian (n) a person walking rather than travelling in a vehicle
Fashionista (n) a person who dresses in fashion
31.5. Do you like bags?
Bag is not really must-have item to me. I just use a backpack due to its convenience. Probably
I’ll spend some time getting to know more about bags later on.
Vocabulary
60

Get to know (phrase) to start to be familiar with someone or something

Later on (phrase) in the future, or after the time already mentioned
31.6. What types of bags do you like?
I’m not a big fan of this item so the only bag I use from time to time is the backpack. I love
backpack because I tend to put a lot of heavy stuff inside such as my laptop, my water bottles,
etc. whenever I get outdoors. It’s the long-term convenience that makes high-quality
backpacks worth my money.
31.7. Do you usually carry a bag (when you go out)?
As aforementioned I carry my backpack all the time, when I go to school or hang out with
friends. Although it may not give me a fashionable look, I think comfort and convenience is
the top priority to me.
Vocabulary
To give a fashionable look (v) to look fashionable with Sth
31.8. Do you have different bags for different occasions (or, different purposes)?
Well I must say that at present I have no idea about different types of bags or that sort of
things. And it also costs me an arm and a leg if I ever want to become a bag collector with,
say, twenty different bags for different occasions. However, I do have one fashionable small
satchel for special occasions. I’m also kind of afraid that wearing heavy bags all the time
will somehow affect my spine and my shoulders.
Vocabulary
All the time (idiom) repeatedly; habitually
Spine (n) a series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing
the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone
31.9. What do you put in these bags?
61

Well, when I go out or go to work, I usually put my laptop, cellphone, charger, basic beauty
products like lipsticks, lotions , water bottle and probably a pair of earphones. When I use
the smaller backpack, I tend to leave everything at home but my makeup kit and water bottles.
31.10.What sorts of bags do women like to buy?
I think every women regardless of age, occupation, tastes, needs, etc has at least one backpack
with them. As I’ve already explained about its convenience, backpack is ideal for everyday
life. However, the top favorite bag would be the well-designed handbag.
62

PART 2 & 3

1. Describe a person/something that made you laugh

Children, with their innocent mind, could make people around laugh by their witty words
and funny actions. I’m going to talk about my niece, a four-year-old energetic girl who did
something that really made me laugh my head off.
As usual, after finishing dinner, she played toys by herself. There was a night when I was
doing my assignment. Suddenly, she knocked the door and told me tenderly that she wanted
me to come over to her room. I thought she needed to take any toys on the shelf so I came
there immediately. Surprisingly, she asked me sit down and started to sing a Korean song
named “Three little bears”. She sang and did funny actions that I couldn’t help laughing. Her
parents and my mom heard the noise, they came to her room. She was aware of many people
around. Interestingly, she opened the wardrobe, chose a pink dress like a princess, took a
lipstick from my bag and acted like a true singer that everyone couldn’t take their eyes off
her. Whenever she finished, she always questioned whether we like to listen to more songs.
We had a nice night together. Our life is so busy and it’s hard to find a true happiness that
makes us laugh and enjoy. That was probably the best part of our family memories that I will
never forget.
Vocabulary
Innocent (adj) morally good and with no wish to harm anyone
Laugh your head off (idiom) laugh loud and long
Tenderly (adv) softly and gently
Come over (phrasal verb) visit someone
To be aware of (v) Having knowledge or perception of a situation or fact
63

Can’t help something (v) used for saying that someone cannot stop themselves doing
something
Can’t take your eyes off somebody
(phrase) unable to stop looking at them because they are soattractive or interesting

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

1.1. How would you define happiness?
“What is happiness” is a difficult question that remained unanswered for centuries. For me,
happiness doesn’t mean feeling good all the time or being rich. Happiness is a combination
of how satisfied I am with my life and how good I feel on a day-to-day basis. Happiness can
come from a very simple thing like waking up with a delicious breakfast prepared by my mom
or receiving a good morning message from my beloved one.
Vocabulary
Day-to-day (adj) daily, everyday
1.2. Do people like to watch comedy?
Similarly to people around the globe, getting engrossed in a comedy show is the best way to
forget about tomorrow's worries. Studies have shown that when you watch a comedy show
that evokes hearty laugh, you encounter situations with a positive frame of mind. Shows
that can make you laugh have proven to ease and soothe stress. Thus, as life’s getting tough,
comedy shows appears to be the best choice.
Vocabulary
To get engrossed (v) To absorb all the attention or interest of
To evoke (v) Bring or recall (a feeling, memory, or image) to the conscious mind.
Hearty laugh (phrase) laugh with true delight at something
To encounter (v) Unexpectedly be faced with or experience (something hostile or difficult)
A positive frame of mind (phrase) positive mindset
64

To soothe stress (v) to release stress, to relax

To get tough (adj) difficulties that cause one to struggle
1.3. Who is the most popular comedian in your country?
Rubin Williams is the most popular comedian not only in my country but also in other
countries. With his great talents in comedy, he also received two Emmy Awards, and
five Grammy Awards throughout his career. Up to now, he is still very well-loved by the
public and continues to be one of the most sought-after comedians.
Vocabulary
Host (n) A person, place, or organization that holds an event to which others are invited
Step by step (adv) slowly, with carefulness
To be well-known(adj) to be famous or popular
Well-loved (adj) popular
1.4. What do you do when you feel unhappy?
I tend to be alone when I’m in a bad mood because I think it would b. In those chunks of
bad time, I read the Holy Bible and pray to help myself calm down and release all negative
thoughts. Sometimes, when I’m in a chatty mode, I find some friends to talk to. We could
hang out or walk around. Taking a deep breath and going sightseeing also make me feel
better.
Vocabulary
In a bad mood (expression) unhappy
In a chatty mood (phrase)
To go sightseeing (v) The activity of visiting places of interest in a particular location
Chunks (n) A significant amount of something
1.5. Why do children tend to be happier than adults?
I guess the first and foremost reason is because children tend to let their feelings go while
adults tend to hold their feelings back. In fact, children’s thoughts are simple and innocent.
65

They also have the ability to simplify everything that they see, feel and encounter, which
helps them to be more careless and not over-analyze things like most adults do. Besides, they
don’t have to face up with any troubles at work and they often forget what just happened.
They have no worries, no doubts, no disappointment about anything. Thus, their life is much
easier and happier.
Vocabulary
First and foremost (phrase) most importantly; more than anything else
To let Sth go (v) to allow someone or something to escape or go free
To hold Sth back (v) to hesitate to act or speak
To face with (v) to deal with

2. Describe your favorite movie

You should say:
When and where you saw it
What type of film it was
What the film was about
And explain why it is your favorite film

As a frequent moviegoer, I watch a multitude of films. One of the movies I’m much into is
“One day”, an American romantic drama movie. It is directed by Lone Scherfig based on a
novel of the same name. I watched this movie at least three times yet still love to watch again
and again.
The movie opens with a short scene of the day after their graduation on 14 July 1988 of two
main characters, Dexter Mayhew (Jim Surgess) and Emma Morley (Anne Hathaway). They
spent the night together but came up with an agreement to be just friends, and spent the
66

following day together, the 15th, St. Swithin’s day. However, they couldn’t keep the promise.
They went through different circumstances, troubles, got marriage and lived apart from
each other until 2004, Emma and Dexter finally realized they were a perfect match and got
engaged and married. Unfortunately, despite many efforts, they have not yet had kids. On 15th
July 2006, Emma had a car accident when she was crossing the street. Dexter became
inconsolable and was particularly desolated each year on that day. The movie ends up with
the scene back to 1988 when they first met and promised to always be best friends.
This movie usually get me burst into tears no matter how many times I’ve watched it. Not
only was the story itself so miserable but also the actor and actress outperformed the
ordinary. This movie also aimed to encourage people to appreciate the happiness and true
love from the ones who have always been there for them.
Vocabulary
Moviegoer (noun) a person who goes to the cinema
To do Sth again and again (v) to love constantly repeating Sth
To spend the night (v) to sleep over
To come up with (v) to think of Sth
To keep the promise (v) to do what you said you would do
A perfect match (n) to perfectly fit with another
Inconsolable (adj) so unhappy or disappointed that no one can make you feel better
To always be there for SO (v) to strongly and consistently support SO anyhow
To outperform the ordinary (v) to perform significantly well

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

2.1. Do you think (watching) films have (has) educational benefits?
Absolutely, I think. Take romantic films as an example, they can help educate people about
the value of love, honesty, and faithfulness. They can make the audience sympathize with
67

other people and respect what they have. Indead, films can teach people good virtues to
become better citizens through stories. Besides, in most high school and college courses,
movies, whether documentary or narrative, are a creative approach in teaching, helping
students have a brief idea about the history, social issues, or scientific experiments. History,
for example, indeed becomes more approachable and interesting in movies.
Vocabulary
Good virtue (n) behavior showing high moral standards
Sympathise (v) to feel sorry for somebody, to show that you understand and feel sorry about
somebody’s problems
2.2. In what ways are documentary films and films only for entertainment different?
From my perspective, they are different in various aspects, especially their purposes.
Documentaries are a reliable source of information and a powerful means of conveying social
message to the world. It brings many benefits to the society. For instance, by watching
documentaries together, many sensitive social issues, such as homosexuality, are discussed
freely between parents and children instead of attempting to hide it. Films for entertainment,
in another way, are mostly for people who need to chill out after work or study. Those movies
tend not to discuss nothing but relationships between people.
Vocabulary
Means of Sth (n) a tool or a way to do Sth (commonly used with unc. noun transportation,
entertainment)
Homosexuality (n) sexual attraction to people of one's own sex
To chill out (v) to relax
2.3. Why do you think documentary films are not so popular?
Personally, I think the foremost reason which makes documentary films are not as popular as
entertainment films is that documentaries require the audience to think critically about a
current issues, b help them escape from the harsh realities of everyday life. For example, the
68

series of “Prison life – love in prison”, which describes the prison sex, is an educational and
emotional documentary that brings a different view about prisoners. Another reason is this
kind of movie aims to provide education and lack entertaining features compared to other
kinds of movies, therefore, it’s hard to reach a wide range of audience.
Vocabulary
Rather than (phrase) used with the infinitive form of a verb to indicate negation as a contrary
choice or wish
Harsh reality (n) the difficulties
(The) naked truth (n) the complete, unembellished truth
To aim to do Sth (v) to have a purpose to do Sth
2.4 How are movies and real life different ?
Life in movies is so much different than real life. In real life, there is no script and you will
write your own story day by day. Life is full of ups and downs, twists and turns. However,
they both inspire each other since real life is a great material for making movies.
Vocabulary
Ups and downs (n) good and bad times
Twists and turns (n) challenges or turning points in life
To make a movie (n) to produce a move
2.5 Do men and women like to watch the same kinds of films?
It depends, I guess. It is thought that men like action movies with shocking and dangerous
scenes like Fast and Furious or sci-fi movies with imaginative, futuristic plots like Avatar
while most women prefer romantic movies or comedies with meaningful messages. It seems
logical; however, there are still many converse cases. Therefore, I think there is no boundaries
for preferences between men and women when it comes to films.
Vocabulary
Sci-fi movies (n) science-fiction movies
69

When it comes to (phrase) speaking about

2.6 Do different age groups like the same kinds of films?
Obviously. It’s undeniable that different generations prefer different kinds of movies.
Children, for example, are usually fond of cartoons or funny movies such as Frozen or
Tangled. Adults, on the other hand, tend to watch various types of movies such as action
films, romantic films, documentaries or romantic films depending on their tastes.
Vocabulary
To be fond of (adj) to be interested in
2.7 Do you like any particular film star? Why?
I like Emma Watson, a British actress, model and activist. She is famous for her first
professional acting role as Hermione Granger in the Harry Potter film series. What I love
about her is that not only is she an outstanding actress with admirable personalities but also
she is the spiritual inspiration as the UN Women Goodwill Ambassador. My favorite quote is
“I don’t want the fear of failure to stop me from doing what I really care about”, encouraging
me to chase my dream despite many troubles ahead.
Vocabulary
To be famous for (adj) to be known about by many people
To care about (v) to feel concern or interest; attach importance to something.

3. Describe a piece of equipment in your home

You should say:
What it is
How often you use it
Who you usually use it with
And explain why this item is important to you
70

The past few years is the golden era of advanced technology, and I suppose household
appliances is no exception. I’m going to describe the refrigerator as a household equipment
that I find most useful for my family.
My mom loves cooking and she’s actually a good cook. She’s mainly responsible for
shopping for healthy food and cooking scrumptious meal for all of us. And as a matter of
fact, our refrigerator is essential when it comes to food storage. Its size is perfect for the
corner area in our kitchen, yet big enough to store a large amount of food for the whole family.
We keep the vegetables and certain kinds of fruits at the bottom, whereas the leftovers are
kept on top. And some cakes that are made by my mom are kept cold in the middle. As
regards my family meals, fresh meat and seafood is a must. In particular I cannot go a day
without a single piece of pork or beef. Thus, the fridge has always done a great job of
keeping the meat and seafood fresh all the times. Besides, ice cream bought by my dad every
two to three weeks is also stored in the same freezer.
Refrigerator is a wonderful technological invention I must say. It is an indispensable
appliance for almost every household. Since the country possesses tropical weather and
particularly quite high outside temperature these days, it is difficult to keep the vegetables
or meat fresh even for a few days. I think down the line if I ever move away, fridge is
definitely on top of my must-have list.
Vocabulary
Household appliance (n) a machine that is designed to do a particular thing in the home,
such as preparing food, heating or cleaning
To be responsible for (adj)/To take the responsibility to Having an obligation to do
something, or having control over or care for someone, as part of one's job or role
Scrumptious (adj) very delicious
As a matter of fact (phrase) in reality
When it comes to Sth/V-ing (phrase) speaking about
71

At the bottom/in the middle/on top (adv)

As regards (expression) in regard to
To be a must (adj) to be highly required
To go a day without (v) Sth that is not necessary to do on a certain day
To do a great job (v) to do Sth well
Indispensable (adj) absolutely necessary
Tropical weather (n) Very hot and humid
Down the line (idiom) in the future
Must-have (n/adj) Essential or highly desirable

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

3.1. Has (the item you choose to talk about) changed much over the years?
As far as I’m concerned, innovations of refrigerators have taken place extensively in terms of
size, price ranges and quality in accordance with different usages. For instance, while
families prefer fridges that are large-sized and have high electric capacity, fridges which are
specifically used for laboratories are more advanced for chemicals storage.
Vocabulary
In accordance with (phrase) in agreement with something
3.2. Do you think everyone needs to know how to use [the item you choose to talk about]?
Unlike other electrical household appliances, refrigerators are way easier to use, even for
children, unless they are too short that they cannot reach for their favorite ice cream stored in
the freezer. However I suppose when purchasing a fridge, people should at least bear in mind
what they’re going to use the fridge for as well as how to make the most of. Besides, due to
frequent functioning, fridges sometimes have electrical problems that had better be fixed by
specialists.
Vocabulary
72

Way (adv) at or to a considerable extent; far (used before an adverb or preposition for
emphasis).
To bear in mind (v) to consider
To make the most of (phrase)
to exploit something; to get as much out of something as ispossible.
3.3. What kinds of electrical appliance are most used in the home, besides the telephone
and computer?
A number of electrical appliances are being used nowadays in order to enhance the efficiency
of doing household chores within less time. Due to varied demand and preference of the
family, it is difficult to rank which appliance is mostly used, so I’ll just make a guess. I think
the most useful piece of household equipment ever is the refrigerator, for its wonderful
capacity of storing almost all essential daily foods for a long time.
Vocabulary
A number of Sth (plural) (phrase) a large number of Sth
Household chores (n) a routine task at home
Demand (n) need
3.4. What are some examples of electronic or electrical equipment that are used
commonly for communication?
Two common means of communication from home are telephone and desktop. Despite the
fact that smartphones are more popular among young family members, our parents or
grandparents are way more familiar with using conventional dial telephones. Although the
phone bill have risen significantly, telephones are still in need for some families to b with
each other. Desktop with high-speed Internet connection is another good tool for
communication, especially for video calls with relatives living miles away. Physical distance
no longer matters.
Vocabulary
73

To outweigh (v) to provide greater benefits compared to many other things

To be in need (adj) to be required
Physical distance (n) distance that can be measured

4. Describe an interesting song

Unlike my friends, I love folk music because every song is a story that is told by music. The
Marvelous Toy of Peter, Paul and Marry band is an interesting song for children that I’ve ever
listened to.
Peter, Paul and Mary is an American folk group formed in 1961. Actually, “The Marvelous
Toy” is not the hit of this band. However, for me, its lyrics is very innocent that brings me
back to my childhood, a beautiful period in my life. The story begins when a little boy
received a toy, which became his “heart’s delight”. The sound from the toy made him curious.
When it moved, it went “zip”. When it stopped, its sound was “bop” while “whirr” was the
sound when it stood still. He was excited about exploring that toy.
Peter, Paul and Marry performed that song in a very funny way. They made the sound “zip,
bop, and whirr” by their mouths so the song is very lively and brings a very relaxing feelings
for audiences.
Vocabulary
To bring SO back to my childhood (v) to remind SO of their childhood memories
To be excited about Sth (v) to be interested in Sth, to be into Sth

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

4.1. What do old people like to listen to ?
I think elderly people love to listen to classical music. The lyrics of those songs are deeply
emotional that is hard for young generations to understand completely. Other than that, the
74

rhythm is pretty slow. Listening to those songs will recall their memories about a period of
time when they were young.
Vocabulary
To recall (v) to remember Sth happened in the past, usually memories
4.2. How would your grandfather feel if you gave him some hip hop music to listen to?
It would be quite shocking to him, I think. My father is a professor; thus, he is pretty strict
and told us to listen to instrumental music or at least the lyrics that make sense. Therefore, I
guess he would not be pleased with my hip hop taste because they contain inappropriate
messages related to sex, drugs or discrimination which are not suitable for youngster.
Vocabulary
To make sense (v) to have certain meaning
Youngster (n) the young
4.3. Why do you think old people like old songs?
Obviously, old songs were composed in their generations. When elderly people listen to those
songs, they will serve as a memento of the memories about their first love or a period of life,
for example.
4.4. Why do you think people of different age groups have different favourite songs?
First, the older we get, the more different our mindset will change. Therefore, the taste of
music also change in accordance to age. For example, children love to listen to simple songs
with repeated lyrics and fun melody while adults have a wide range of choices such as rock,
R&B, country, pop, etc. Second, for adults, music is not only a means of entertainment but
it also help ease stress and emotions. Thus, they need songs with meaningful and touching
lyrics.
Vocabulary
In accordance to (phrase) along with
A wide range of (phrase) many choices are available
75

Means of Sth (uncountable nouns: transportation, entertainment, etc.) (phrase) to be

used as a tool of Sth
To help do Sth (v) to assist
4.5. What kinds of music do (small) children in your country like to listen to ?
In the past decade, most children were taught traditional folk songs in nurseries and
kindergartens. Those are simple songs composed specifically for them. However, thanks to
the popularity of technology, particularly internet and Ipad, children could easily access to
different websites to enjoy music. Significantly, they tend to listen to English songs.
Therefore, children’s taste in music has been slowly changing.
Vocabulary
Thanks to Sth (phrase) Positivity results from Sth
To (get/gain) access to Sth (v) to connect with Sth, to approach Sth
4.6. What are the differences between popular music and the music that (young)
children like to listen to ?
Popular music are songs mostly for adults because the contents are mostly inappropriate for
children such as love or relationships. On the other hand, music for children is more innocent
in terms of simple topics like family, friends or daily activities which have educated meaning.
Moreover, the lyrics are short, catchy and easy for children to memorise.
Vocabulary
In terms of (phrase) speaking about
To be catchy (adj) easy to remember
4.7. Why do you think some people like to play instruments in the open?
There are many reasons for someone to perform instruments in front of the crowd. I’ve seen
many people who play instruments in train stations or on the street. Money is what they
expect, obviously. However, how can they play without their passion and motivation? For
example, I met a man, who played guitar in a station. He shared with me that he and his
76

friends have passion to create an organization for homeless children where they could learn
to play musical instruments. Therefore, performing in the open can attract people and this
helps to boost the program effectively.
Vocabulary
To boost (v) to increase, to enhance

5. Describe a gift that you recently gave to others

Jenny is my best friend since we were together in kindergarten. Thus, on her 20th birthday, I
decided to give her a special gift.
Choosing a gift for someone is usually a very difficult task because you should make sure that
the receiver will like it. Jenny is not a typical girl, she’s a sporty girl. I remembered she had
told me that she wanted a ball with Manchester United symbol, her favorite football team and
that ball is limited stock. I spent around a month before the date, went to some shopping
malls and tried to find that gift for her. Unfortunately, it was out of stock.
I was so disappointed. My brother knew it and suggested me to search online. Before the
birthday three days, I received a call from a boy who wanted to sell the ball for me with a half
price compared to the original one. I was on cloud nine. I came to his house immediately and
brought that ball back home. I also chose a nice paper with Manchester United symbol and
wrapped it carefully.
Jenny jumped for joy when she received my gift. It is true that our friendship is valuable and
what we did for each other build up our friendship more and more.
Vocabulary
Limited stock (n) Sth that are produced at a limited amount
Out of stock (phrase) a product that is no longer available
To search online (v) to look for Sth on the Internet
77

To be on cloud nine (adj) to be extremely happy

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

5.1. In your country, when (on what occasions) do people give gifts to others?
People usually give presents to others on a wide range of occasions such as brithdays,
weddings, anniversaries or opening ceremonies. Especially, after travelling to a new place or
a new country, they always give souvenirs or foods from that place to their friends and
relatives.
Vocabulary
A wide range of Sth (n) many choices are available
5.2. What sorts of things do they give?
Depending on different occasions and the receivers that we have a suitable gift to give. It
could be clothes, jewelry, souvenirs or even some DIY stuffs. For example, flowers are the
common gifts for opening ceremony which are always in a beautiful bouquet of flowers that
represents prosperity.
Vocabulary
Prosperity (n) The state of being prosperous
5.3. Do people today still give the same kinds of gifts that people used to give, many years
ago?
I think people today tend to go for conventional gift choices, thus they could choose a present
easily. Online business allows customers to choose gifts without directly going to the shop.
Personally, I usually put more thoughts and efforts into looking for a meaningful and useful
gift for my family, relatives or close friends.
Vocabulary
To allow SO to do Sth (v) to let SO do Sth
To put thoughts into Sth/doing Sth (v) to carefully think about Sth
78

5.4. Why do people like to receive gifts?

Gifts could bring happiness to one’s special day. The receivers would be full of the joys of
springs when they feel the caring and love from the givers because the givers remember the
special days and send them gifts as the best wishes.
5.5. Do you think it's suitable to give money as a gift?
I find it’s no problem with gifting people with money. It is much more popular nowadays,
especially on wedding days or brithdays because it is considered as a practical gift. It’s hard
to find a suitable present so the receiver could use that budget to freely buy what they need.
5.6. Do you think it's a good idea for people who are doing business with each other to
exchange gifts?
I think it’s quite popular in business nowadays. In some ways, it is a good idea if the gifts are
given in a thankful way after a successful project. It is an important part of business protocol
nowadays in some Asian countries like Japan or China. However, I think it’s not good if the
meaning of gift-giving turns into achieving a purpose.
5.7. Why do some people not give gifts to others very often?
Choosing perfect gifts is stress people out. It could create the hassle of picking the right gift.
The presents could cause disappointments to receivers because it might not be what they
expect. Therefore, giving money or going out for a meal is always the best and convenient
way to avoid those problems. It could not overburden to the givers as well.

6. Describe a creative inventor or musician

I am going to talk about a brilliant inventor whom I have admired since I was a kid-Thomas
Edison. His inventors have greatly influence on life around the world.
I learnt the stories about Edison when I was a little girl in primary school. I came across a
biography about him on the internet and there was a lot of interesting information. Edison
79

was a prolific inventor holding more than 1,000 US patents under his name, as well as many
patents in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany. Significantly, the number of Edison’s
patents as the widespread impact of his inventions: light bulbs and power utilities, recorder,
and motion pictures all established major new industries worldwide.
One of his statements which really inspired and encouraged me is “Genius is one percent
inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”. Working in science as my career, I always
remember this quotation whenever I meet failure so that I have strength to keep moving
forward.
Vocabulary
Come across (phrasal verb) find something by chance
Prolific (adj) a prolific writer, band etc produces a lot of books
Patents (n) invetions
To keep moving forward (v) to keep trying hard

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

6.1. What creative activities did you like to do when you were young?
I love to DIY clothes for dolls and stuff animals. My mom is a tailor so I can use the waste
materials for my imagination. I followed the catalogue books and used a tiny needle to sew
dresses, skirts and blouses. This activity nurtured my dream of being a fashion designer when
I grew up.
Vocabulary
DIY (n/v) (phrase) “Do-It-Yourself”, Sth made by hand
6.2. Why do people like to copy others' ideas these days?
Personally, I think it’s a bit judgemental when it comes to copying others’ ideas because a lot
of people may come up with similar ideas or someone wants to improve based on the things
that were already created. However, there are people who steal others’ ideas on purpose
80

because they are lazy but want to live in fame without working. The situation is even worse
in developing countries since the government does not pay enough attention to intellectual
property.
Vocabulary
To come up with (v) to think of, to create
To be based on (v) to use particular ideas or facts to make a decision, do a calculation, or
develop a theory
On purpose (Phrase) to aim to do Sth
To pay attention to (v) to have an eye on Sth, to notice
6.3. What's the best way to cultivate children's creativity?
First of all, I think parents should encourage children to ask questions. Children have a
creative mind so asking questions in a way for them to discover environment surrounding
them. Another way is making open-ended questions such as “Tell me why you think so?” or
“What do you think about this?”. You might be impressed by their answers. It is also
necessary not to stop them make mistakes. Lessons and experience will be gained through
mistakes. Letting them solve problems by themselves will teach them to think critically.
6.4. Do you think creativity can be learned?
Many people assume that creativity is a mysterious trait like charisma — you either have it
or you don't. Scientifically, creativity is a renewable resource that we can tap into at any time
and actually, it is a process that can be learnt. It’s not easy, of course. Generating fresh ideas
is actually quite challenging because most people find it difficult to go beyond obvious and
concrete solutions. True creativity requires the ability to break new ground, which requires
significant effort.
Vocabulary
Charisma (noun) a strong personal quality that makes other people like you and be attracted
to you
81

To tap into (v) to use frequently

To go beyond (v) to extend the limit, to push the boundary
6.5. Why does art help to nurture creativity?
Human beings are not machines. Our brains are not computer hard drives which you can just
upload information. I believe humans are creative by nature and art education can help to
nurture the creativity that lies within all of us. Art education offers us a break from the
traditional way of rote memorization and also cultivates creativity and critical thinking.

7. Describe a special meal you have had

The most special meal I’ve ever had in my life was on my Dad’s birthday last year, which
was prepared by all of my family members.
The idea was put forward by my sister. We planned to surprise him and prepare his favorite
foods. On that day, my Mom cooked Pho, a Vietnamese beef noodles, while I baked a birthday
cake for him. My siblings were in charge of decoration and music. Everything had been done
properly a little bit earlier before he came home. When he opened the door, he was astonished
because of seeing a colorful “Happy birthday Daddy” banner sticked on the wall in the living
room. Standing in front, my mom gave him a bouquet of red roses, his favorite flowers. We
enjoyed the food and shared our best memories with my Dad.
After washing dishes, we gathered together in the living room. My Dad made a wish and blew
candles. He said in tears that he was over the moon and he was proud of us, his home and
his family. We gave each other great hugs before going to sleep.
Vocabulary
Put forward (phrasl verb) to offer an idea, opinion, reason etc
To be in charge of (adj) to take responsibility for Sth
To astonish (v) to fill with sudden and overpowering surprise or wonder; amaze
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Over the moon (idiom) very happy

QUESTION FOR PART 3

7.1. Describe what you think is a healthy diet.
Developing healthy eating habit isn’t as confusing or as restrictive as many people imagine.
Personally, a healthy diet is the one which combines enough nutrients for one’s life.
Therefore, consuming a variety of foods is very important because eating a wide assortment
of foods helps ensure that you get all of the nutrients, especially the disease-fighting potential
that foods offer.
Assortment (noun) a group or set of things of various types
7.2. Are there many vegetarians in your country?
Yes, they are. The number of people following vegetarianism has been increasing recently. It
is thought that old people or those following a religious, like Buddhism, will be vegeterians;
however, youngsters also join to vegetarian community because of many reasons.
7.3. Why do you think some people choose to be vegetarians?
People become vegetarians for many reasons, including health, religious convictions,
concerns about animal welfare or the use of antibiotics and hormones in livestock, or a desire
to eat in a way that avoids excessive use of environmental resources. Some people follow a
largely vegetarian diet because they can't afford to eat meat. Vegetarianism has become more
appealing and accessible, thanks to the year-round availability of fresh produce, more
vegetarian dining options, and the growing culinary influence of cultures with largely plant-
based diets.
Antibiotics (noun) a drug that cures illnesses and infections caused by bacteria.
Livestock (noun) animals such as cows, sheep, and pigs that are kept on farms
Year-round (adj) happening, continuing, or available through the whole year
Culinary (adj) relating to food and how to cook it
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7.4. Is the food that people eat today in your country different to the food that people
used to eat in the past? (if yes, in what ways has it changed?)
Personally, eating style of most people has been changed recently. Significantly, food hygiene
is mentioned everyday in news. Therefore, people are very cautious when they choose
ingredients in reliable market/supermarket and cook properly. Those fat-free or low-fat food
and veggies are more preferred in daily meal compared to in the past, choosing food were
mostly based on interests.
Hygiene (noun) the practice of keeping yourself and the things around you clean, in order to
prevent illness and disease
Veggie (n) a vegetable
7.5. How do you think the way we eat will change in the future?
Yes, I do. I think people nowadays pay more attention to healthy foods because the awareness
of health has been raised among young and old people. Therefore, it will be a remarkable
innovation in food consuming in the future.
7.6. Is American-style 'fast food' popular in your country? (Why? Popular with whom?)
Due to the trend of globalization, fast foods have become more and more popular such as
KFC, Lotteria, Burger King or Domino. Why are those brands popular in our country? The
first cause is needs of modern community which have intensive activities. In a family, both
husband and wife have a tendency to have a job. Consequently, they do not have enough time
to cook and the frequency of eating out increases. Secondly, efforts of fast food restaurant
companies to enhance the nutritional quality of their products and services are also the cause
of their popularity.
7.7. What do you think of this popularity- is it as good thing?
The popularity of fast food restaurants has certainly influenced some of the changes in the
community. It brings benefits to this busy life with its quick service and convenience place.
Other than that, the increasing number of customers that come to restaurants became the
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reason for greater number of restaurant staff to be needed and the demand for restaurant
personnel made it possible for more people to consider work in a restaurant as an attractive
option. With this said, there are many more entry level job opportunities for people.
7.8. More and more people are becoming overweight nowadays. What do you think
might be the causes of this?
One major consequence of eating fast food every day is excess calorie consumption. Most
fast food contains calories from refined sugar and fats. It is also high in sodium from salt and
other additives which can lead to some one to eat it more and more. Consuming more calories
than human needs lead to obesity which causes some health problems such as hypertension,
diabetes, heart disease and even cancer.

8. Describe a favorite part of your city or home that you often visit/
Describe a place where you relaxed
In this hectic life, it is undeniable to get stress from different situations. Therefore, we all need
a place of rest and relaxation where we can temporarily get away from all problems. Everyone
needs a place to hide away. For me, that is the kitchen.
I love baking. When I cook, I find myself in another world where I am able to mix all
ingredients together and create new dishes. Therefore, there are many baking stuff and
machines arranged nicely in my kitchen. I choose blue and white for the wall because those
colors help me to unwind. I am pleased to see the happiness on my family members when I
enjoy my foods. It also becomes a very social place where everyone in the house gather
together in kitchen to have a small conversation and joke around.
Kitchen, for me, represents a place of spiritual meaning. My mom always encourages me to
cook because it is believed that the warm from kitchen will warm up the house and everyone
feel happy.
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QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

8.1. How often do you visit parks?
My area is filled with parks and there's a park very close to where I live, so I probably go
there once or twice a week if the weather's nice. I love to go jogging with my father in the
early morning where we can enjoy fresh air and spectacular scenery.
8.2. Do we need big parks or small parks in the city?
Personally, small parks in the city are much convenient than big parks. Firstly, it would serve
better quality for citizens in an area. Parks are places for people to not only get exercise, but
wind down and relax. It would also create a friendly environment for everyone. Second, a
big park takes up too much available space in the city.
Wind down (phrasal verb) to relax after a period of excitement or worry
8.3. Why is it important to have parks in a city?
Parts play an important role in a city. The foremost reason is that parks contribute to reduction
of the urban heat effect. Another reason is Parks provide space for neighbourhood residents
to interact with each other and meet new people. They’re also great spaces for events and for
people to engage in recreational activities. This allows people to develop a sense of
community. A park is perfect for a picnic, a concert, or a farmer’s market - whatever your
community feels it needs.
Vocabulary
A sense of community a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group, and a
shared faith that members' needs will be met through their commitment to be together
8.4. Do you like to visit movie theatres?
I love to spend time watching movie in cinema with my friends. That is a moment that we
can chill out after working and build up our friendship by sharing our common hobby.
Chill out (phrasal verb) relax
Build up (phrasal verb) to create and develop something over a long period of time
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8.5. Where do people like to go on weekends?

In the past, most people usually stayed at home and spent time with family. However, this
habit has changed currently. Shopping malls and restaurants have been increasingly opened
and become the entertaining place for everyone, especially families with children. Moreover,
officers participate in yoga classes or sport centres to exercise.
8.6. What do old people do to relax?
Stress in the elderly has many sources, including the loss of a partner, money worries, health
problems and a lack of independence. They tend to isolate themselves at home with negative
thoughts. Therefore, the elder people should be encouraged to find and maintain social
contact as interaction with other old friends. Joining to a club or community service is another
way to make them feel happier.
Vocabulary
A sense of community (n) a feeling of belonging
To chill out (v) to relax and stop being angry or nervous, or to spend time relaxing
To be spectacular (adj): extremely impressive
Wind down (v): to relax after a period of excitement or worry

9. Describe a bicycle/motorbike/car trip that is interesting

It was two years ago when I had my very first motorbike trip with my friends to George town,
an ancient town located in the Southern Malaysia. It is an unforgettable trip that I’ve ever had.
Our group had 3 people, Jack, Jenny and me. We chose to travel there during Mid-Autumn
Festival because George Town, particularly, is one of the great place to experience this
festival. George Town still keeps a firmly rooted in tradition for thousands of years and these
invaluable traditions have been formed the heart of the community.
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We hired two motorbikes: one for Jack, one for Jenny and me. The owner was a nice and kind
person. He suggested us to choose scooters, a kind of automatic motorbikes, which were much
easier for beginners to ride. He also reminded us about the traffic laws and direction to Geogre
town. We left George Town around 3 pm and aimed to be there by 6pm to enjoy night view
there when all of the activities were exhibited. It was a sunny day and the streets were not a
little bit crowded as many people travelled to George that time. That was our first motorbike
tour so we were every excited. Jenny was like a dog with two tails while Jack and I were also
on cloud nine. We enjoyed the fresh air and beautiful landscape such as small houses or paddy
fields. However, we always reminded ourselves to ride safely.
A long line of children rehearsed dragon dance and drumming in the street welcomed us to
the main gate of George Town. Entering into the town when the lights are all up, the streets
became more and more crowded. We parked the motorbikes along the street and relished the
space filled with the laughter of children and the season of autumn.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

9.1. Do people prefer to travel by car or by train?
Well, nowadays, people can easily have their own cars. Therefore, they tend to have a long
trip by travelling by car. Travelling by car, especially private car, could help travellers
intensively stop at anywhere they want. However, although the train is considered as the
fastest means of transportation, it has specific stations where people could hop off or hop into.
After that, travellers, sometimes, have to take another transportation, such as cabs or buses,
to reach their destinations. I find it more time consuming and inconvenient.
9.2. What are the advantages of travelling with a group of people?
First, the budget could be cheaper. It is because more people, the spending money, for
example accommodation, transportations, or even foods, could be shared equally. Other than
that, it is much safer. A group of people shared common interests could explore new places
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together and can protect each other when needed. Last point, personally, is the more the
merrier and more heads more ideas. Consequently, the trip will be more enjoyable.
9.3. Should young people travel abroad?
My brother always encourages me to travel to other countries to not only explore a new place
but also be more independent. When travelling abroad, we, the youngsters have opportunities
to explore new things about other cultures and landscapes. Travelling is the best way to build
up one’s confidence and social skills, as we could interact with local people to understand
more about their lifestyles and mindset. Therefore, they could collect more life experience
and avoid recist to adapt to globalization which is very beneficial in their future careers.
9.4. Where do people like to travel in your country?
This point depends on different preferences and ages. For example, young American, who are
adventurous and curious about new places, tend to choose brand new places where haven’t
exploited by tourist, whilst old people prefer to stay in a resort nearby a beach or in a village
in order to bring back their memories and do meditation.
9.5. Is international travel popular with people in your country?
Recently, most of the people spend their time to travel abroad. Their common first
destinations are South East Asia area such as Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore and
other countries like China, Taiwan, Hongkong, etc. The reason might be because more and
more cheap flight from a number of air lines either domestic or international one are available
in my country. Tourist agencies also have various promotions for group people or family.
Therefore, international travel seems like not a dream any more.

10. Describe a person that you admire

There is no doubt that life would be chaos without leaders. Steven is one of my class monitor
in high school that his leadership is what I really admire.
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Back then, our school organized a singing contest and every class must have at least one
performance. After voting, our class decided that we would all sing the song called “Heal the
world”. The class committee planned to have three-week practice and asked if all of the
classmates could stay a bit late after school. However, as usual, each person was busy with
their own schedule. There was an intense argument between classmates and the class
committee, especially with Steven, our current class monitor. Some of my friends claimed
that the contest was just for fun that it was not necessary to spend lots of time for practice.
Steven, with his calm face, stood in front of the crowd and explained that because our class
was divided into three groups: orchestra, choir and dancers, it was difficult to practice
together. He admitted that he was a perfectionist and wanted everything going well without
planning carefully. However, he asked us to practice properly to set a tone for a whole class.
It was true that we did not need to get the highest prize but “hard work always pays off”.
He executed a survey among classmates and together with the class committee, he planned
again. Finally, the first two weeks, different groups practiced separately with a co-leader and
the last week, we combined all three groups together for rehearsal. In the end, our class got
the first prize in the singing contest and received good compliments from the judges.
Now he is a successful businessman. His leading skill indeed does not put people under
pressure but lift them up from the pressure. He understands every situation and has a vision
for every project. Therefore, I am so grateful that i have a chance to work with him.
Vocabulary
Back then (phrase) refer to a specific period of time in the past
Chaos (n) troublesome
To divide Sth into (v) to separate or be separated into parts
Hard work always pays off (phrase) the amount of effort expended to reach a goal
determines what is achieved
To put SO under pressure (v) to face or enduring something such as pressure or a deadline
90

To lift SO up (v) to fill with high spirits or optimitism

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

10.1. What kinds of people can become role models?
Personally, a role model is a person who shows passion in their work and has the capacity to
affect others by their passion. Through their perceived personal qualities, behaviors, or
achievements, they influence others by serving as examples and inspire others to strive and
develop.
10.2. What should schools teach to help students become better citizens?
Besides knowledge, I think behaviors towards people should be the first lesson for every
student regardless of age, meaning to say they should respect older people and love friends
through practical lessons as volunteer activities in orphanages, for example. Besides, as the
young generation, students should raise awareness of environmental sustainability in order
to protect the Mother Nature.
Vocabulary
Regardless of (adv) without mentioning
To raise awareness of (v) to be concerned about an issue
10.3. What can we learn from old people?
The elderly have great life-long experiences, both rewards and mistakes. Common issue with
most of the young is that even they are more dynamic and adaptable, the amount of
experience they gained from the past 15 or 20 years is much less than old people who have
lived for more 50 years. Therefore, it is necessary for them to ask for advice from older
people to improve themselves and avoid failures. If they follow those pieces of advice, they
can be more successful.
Vocabulary
The elderly (n) old people
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To gain experience (v) to learn the lesson from mistakes

10.4. What can parents do to give children correct guidance?
To give correct guidance, parents should be role models by setting a good example through
actions and words. Not only are children watching parents carefully, they also learn it quickly.
Unfortunately, “do as I say, not as I do” is a common issue in most families nowadays,
causing confusion to children between what they are taught and what they observe in real life.
Therefore, it is very important for parents to review their own behavior and attitudes to have
the best image in children’s eyes.
Vocabulary
“Do as I say, not as I do” (phrase) to only obey what others say, not to watch their actions
To set a good example for (v) to be a good person so others can look up to
10.5. In your culture, what kinds of people can be leaders?
In my culture, particularly, there are two qualities required as a leader. Firstly, they must be
a pro in their major. It means those people must have good knowledge and practical
experience in the field they are working on. They could troubleshoot and solve problems
together with their teammates. Secondly, their passion inspires people in the team. Most of
the leaders in well-known companies, whose age over 40 and long-term contribution, are
usually responsible for leading positions so employees look up to them and are willing to
follow their directions.
Vocabulary
To be a pro (adj) to be especially skillful in doing Sth
To troubleshoot (v) analyse and solve serious problems for a company or other organization
To look up to (v) to admire SO
10.6. Has there been a change in the characteristics that leaders should have?
It can be seen clearly that the qualities of leaders have been changing to adapt to the dynamic
world today. For example, in the past, leaders were usually men, who were said to be able to
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command others while just sitting in his rooms. He could criticize anyone based on his own
criteria. However, a leader in our modern world should be a person who can work effectively
with everyone by good communication and inspire people in order to boost the best
performance of the whole team. Besides, they should have the ability to unite everyone. If in
the past, leaders were equal to bosses, today, leaders are supervisors.
10.7. Many women are earning more money now, does it mean that they can be leaders?
Earning money and the ability to become a leader are two different stories. Women can be
good leaders because they have better soft skills in negotiation and communication than men
so that they could give more flexible solutions to deal with conflicts and problems among
teammates.

11. Describe an interesting photo that you have taken

- What are the occasions when people take photograph?
- Why do people like to take photo when they are travelling?
- Do you think photographs really make people remember past events in their lives?
- What is the value of photographs

Honestly speaking, I have taken like thousands of photos for various occasions, which allows
me to treasure every moment with my extended family and friends. However, if I have to
opt for one photo that is really impressive and interesting, I suppose I would name the one of
my siblings and me. Despite being not that photogenic, this is in fact one of the few photos
that I really adore the way I look. Now moving to the part of when it was taken, I have to say
that I am not quite sure about the exact date, but it was quite some time ago. As far as I
remember, we were in the campus yard, striking a pose to celebrate my sister’s graduation.
Regarding the part of who took this photo, I guess that my brother was the one who was
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behind the camera. This is chiefly because he is a brilliant photographer and got great eyes
for it. Most importantly my brother has all the right gears needed for a fabulous picture. To
say the truth, this photo does have great meaning for me since it provokes the beautiful and
funny moment with my flesh and blood. It also reminds me not to take anything for
granted, especially when it comes to the matter of spending time with your family.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

11.1. What are the occasions when people take photographs?
I think people take photographs to remember important occasions. Examples can be a
ceremony or an anniversary, like graduation day or wedding anniversary. Other people may
want to take photos of the places they have visited. Or, you know, just simply a birthday party.
Basically I believe there are a lot of occasions for taking photographs.
11.2. Why do people like to take many photos when they are travelling? To keep the
memories, I guess. Like when I had my first chance to visit Korea, I took tons of photos
because I really loved it there and I wanted to have something reminding me of that time.
Also because I didn’t know when I would be able to return to Korea, I took photos so that I
wouldn’t regret having nothing as a memory of Korea.
11.3. Do you think photographs can really help people remember past events in their
lives?
Most of the time, yes. A photograph carries a memory in itself, but people can be reminded
of their past through photographs only when the event represented in the photo carries some
meaning to those people. For example, you would be able to remember the day you bought
your first car forever by looking at a photo of it, but you would be unlikely to remember it
just by looking at a random photo of a car on the internet.
11.4. What is the value/importance of photographs?
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Photographs are used to mark the milestones of one’s life or to keep memories. Most people
will take pictures of life-changing events, like when you have a new job or when you marry
someone you love. These photos later stay as a token of those events, which you can take out
and look at when you have time, or show to your friends and family members which makes
me believe that photographs can also connect people too, as when one looks at a photo, one
also remembers the people standing next to them, not just the event.
11.5. Do you think it's good to take photos?
I think it depends on the situation when the photos are taken. I remember seeing a photo of a
girl taking a selfie while sitting on a tomb, which in this case only shows her ignorance and
disrespect to whoever had passed away. But taking photos at weddings, at birthday parties,
though, is completely normal and is to be encouraged. So to sum up, photos should only be
taken on the right occasion.
11.6. Do you think photographs are more important for adults or for children?
The importance of photographs doesn’t depend on a person’s age, I believe. It’s as important
to a kid to keep a memory through photos as to an adult, and I haven’t seen any cases of
people prioritizing adults or kids when it comes to taking pictures.
11.7. Why do you think it is important to take photos (or videos) of one's family?
Because it shows the family’s bond. Isn’t it nice looking at a photograph of all the family
members smiling happily? You may feel content and connected to your flesh and blood
when you look at the family photo. Also, you know, to some families, taking photos is a
tradition established over time and one just needs to take part / participate. I guess family
photos are that important.

VOCABULARY
 Come up in one’s mind [expression] appear in one’s mind
e.g. That person came up in my mind after I looked at this picture.
95

 Milestone [noun] a significant stage or event in the development of something

e.g. Here are important milestones on the road leading up to the current situation.
 Token [noun] a thing serving as a visible or tangible representation of a fact, quality,
feeling, etc.
e.g. I wanted to offer you a small token of my appreciation.
 Take a selfie [expression] take a photograph of oneself
e.g. I saw her taking a selfie in the restroom.
 Ignorance [noun] lack of knowledge or information
e.g. There are vast tracts of ignorance in my knowledge and really there are lots of
other people who know more than me.
 Pass away [phrasal verb] die (used in formal circumstances)
e.g. My grandfather just passed away yesterday.
 Prioritize [verb] determine the order for dealing with (a series of items or tasks)
according to their relative importance
e.g. These different roles must be prioritized in their order of importance in your life.
 When it comes to (khi nhắc đến) [expression] regarding
e.g. I always hate it when it comes to dealing with selfish people.
 Content [adjective] in a state of peaceful happiness; satisfied
e.g. She thought of how content and peaceful she felt being with Yu Min.
 One’s (own) flesh and blood [idiom] A near relative or one’s close family
e.g. He felt as much for that girl as if she had been his own flesh and blood.

12. Describe a sport that you prefer to do and is a little expensive.

You should say

- What is it
96

- Why do you like it

- Is it expensive

When it comes to sports, I have to admit that I am not very sporty and do not usually devote
my time to exercise. However, there is one sport that I really want to give a go whenever I
have chance, which is curling, a prevalent sport in Canada. I guess I can start sharing about
curling by pointing out some fact about its rules. Curling is a group sport and is played on ice.
Each team has four members, each member has two tries, to slide the stone close on the circle
on the ice. The circle is about fifteen meters away from the start line. The stones are found
with a flat base and have a handle on top. The team uses a brush to swift the ice when the
stone is sliding to the circle. They do this to make the ice smooth so that the stone will not
stop and go straight. The team tries to slide the stone to hit the other team’s stone and push
them away. The winner is the team with the stone that is closest to the circle. In fact the reason
why I am desired to try curling has something to do with the fact that I am a huge fan of ice
skating and the idea of combining ice skating and competing with other team in curling is
truly amazing. On top of that, curling is not exorbitant at all, therefore, playing this sport
certainly will not cost me an arm and a leg. I have to say that paying Canada a visit and try
playing Curling is one of my intentions in the near future.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

12.1. What sports are popular in your country?
Well, football tops the list of famous sports without a doubt. But what’s amazing is, I suppose
something called ‘dancesport’ comes close behind. In the early mornings, dancesport
enthusiasts gather in parks or public places to practice. Dancesport has been spreading rapidly
because it allows dancers to improve physical fitness and mental well-being and it is suitable
97

for people of all ages, shapes, and sizes. Apart from them, volleyball, tennis, badminton are
also fashionable in our country.
12.2. What are the benefits of playing a sport?
I believe engaging in sporting activities helps the players to improve their physical and
spiritual health. For example, dancing helps older people improve their physical health and
memory. The dancers have to count their steps and remember the moves. In addition to that,
playing sports brings us a reasonable chance of enhancing our relationships with other
people when playing together.
12.3. Do you think the types of sport that are popular will change in the future?
Personally, I think there will be a considerable change in the types of popular sports. People
will opt for virtual games and sports rather than sports outdoors such as football, cycling, etc.
Thanks to high tech development, virtual sports will be able to bring excitement like you’re
playing with real life opponents while you are actually in front of your computer and doing
nothing. I suppose this popularity will encourage a sedentary lifestyle, especially among
young people.
12.4. How can sports bring people from different countries closer together?
Sports can play a role in bringing communities together in countless ways. For example,
sports break barriers and boundaries between cultures. No matter who you are, what the
colour of your skin is, as long as we enjoy the same sport, we can understand fulfillment,
hopes, or even disappointment that sport brings us. Second, team sports encourage us to be
willing to take responsibility and value diversity. As a result, it can help establish more
cohesive, tolerant and inclusive communities.
12.5. What are the major differences between extreme sports and ordinary
sports?
Well, the distinction between an extreme sport and a conventional one is the level of danger
involved. Extreme sports refer to certain activities having a high level of inherent danger.
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Another one is the difference in judgement. In traditional sports, performance is judged on

the basis of some quantitative approaches such as distance, time and speed, whereas in
extreme sports the performance is evaluated on the basis of qualitative criteria such as
innovative methods to complete the task.
12.6. What do you think of expensive sports?
Actually, I can think of nothing special about those kinds of sports. I find them ordinary like
other sports – they’re also joyful, exciting, they keep the players healthy and they are good
for the mind as well. If you’re capable of playing them, then there’s nothing more to say. If I
had a chance, I would like to try doing equestrian events, or a sport involving, riding and
running with horses.
12.7. Why do you think some people strongly dislike playing sports?
Well, there are a wide array of reasons why certain people are anti-sports. Maybe they are far
more attracted to inactive activities such as reading books or drawing or something like that.
Maybe they don’t want to communicate with other people. Another reason is maybe sports
can remind people of childhood trauma such as being ridiculed or bullied while playing
sports. If you have had a bad experience with them, then it’s natural to hate them.
12.8. Would you like to do a rather dangerous sporting activity?
No. Definitely no. Some people may find it fantastic but I’m the inactive type and am a
bookworm, I just try to do sport like cycling or basketball once in a while to improve my
health. Nothing more, nothing less. I will opt for my favorite books to find fulfillment rather
than doing that kind of stuff.

12.9. Why do you think some people like to do these dangerous activities?
I don’t know for sure because I’m not really into those kinds of activities. But I guess the
motivation behind practicing extreme sports is the satisfaction they get out of challenging
themselves and being victorious in the end. Besides being physically challenging, extreme
99

sports are also very mentally demanding, because one needs to fight their fear to be able to
do these dangerous activities. You know, nothing can compare with the feelings when you
are able to surpass yourself.

VOCABULARY
 Mental [adj] relating to the mind, or involving the process of thinking
Example: A doctor was asked about the mental state of the prisoner.
Fashionable [adj] popular at a particular time
Example: She spends the summer jet-setting around the fashionable European resorts.
 Reasonable [adj] based on or using good judgment and therefore fair and practical
Example: He went free because the jury decided there was a reasonable doubt about
his guilt.
 Enhance [verb] to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something
Example: These scandals will not enhance the organization's reputation.
 Sedentary [adj] involving little exercise or physical activity
Example: My doctor says I should start playing sport because my lifestyle is too
sedentary.
 Inclusive [adj] An inclusive price or amount includes everything
Example: My doctor says I should start playing sport because my lifestyle is too
sedentary
 Inherent [adj] existing as a natural or basic part of something
Example: I have an inherent distrust of lawyers.
 Bully [noun] someone who hurts or frightens someone who is smaller or less powerful,
often forcing them to do something that they do not want to do
Example: It takes courage to stand up to a bully.
 Bookworm [noun] a person who reads a lot
10
0

Example: Although Mohammed was a charismatic and influential leader, he was not
much of a bookworm.
 Surpass [verb] to do or be better than
Example: The book's success has surpassed everyone's expectations.

13. Describe a garden you visited and like. You should say
- Where the garden is
- How do you feel about it
- Why do you like it

As a citizen in a metropolitan city, I am usually partial to choosing fresh outing spaces for
relaxation after being up to my neck in work. The list of ideal places to visit is in fact pretty
long but if I have to choose one strongly recommended shot, I would probably pick the
Queen Botanical Garden in the outskirt of my city. I really need to add that whenever I am
under pressure of the fast – paced living, I will pay this amazing park a visit, take a walk and
refresh my mind. The fresh and quiet atmosphere at this Garden totally enables me to get
away from the hustle and bustle of the city. After going for a stroll in the park and get a full
lung of fresh air, I feel like I’ve been fully recharged and ready for any challenges ahead.
The factors accounting for my special love to this park not only stops at the fresh air part but
also because it is in fact a botanical garden devoted to grow various plants. For years, this
park has always given me lots of precious opportunities to enjoy the stunning fauna with a
plenty of gorgeous flowers and trees. There is no doubt to confirm that this garden has made
great contributions to preserving local plants diversity as well as enhance people’s recreation
lives. Almost every individual comes to this park show their great appreciation for the local
authority’s attempt in conserving nature lives.
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QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

13.1. Are there many public gardens in your country?
To be honest, there are only a few public gardens due to the shortage of residential areas
especially in large towns and cities. The authorities seem to pay excessive attention to
economic growth and ignore the provision of green spaces for citizens’ enjoyment and
relaxation. For example, Madrid City has a small number of public gardens, but a lot of high-
rise buildings.
13.2. Do you think there are enough public gardens in your hometown?
Personally, I think the number of public gardens in my hometown is insufficient. Due to the
shortage of housing and the increasing number of citizens, people tend to make use of land
for living or cultivation rather than giving priority to public areas such gardens or parks.
13.3. What do you think are the benefits of having gardens in the city?
Having sufficient urban green spaces will bring many ecological and health benefits for the
city and its residents. Regarding the environmental benefit, public gardens help to preserve
various species of wild plants, they have beautiful flowers and they keep the ecological
balance of the area. City gardens also have a positive impact on the health of city dwellers
and factory workers.
13.4. Very often, public gardens are not designed in a simple way but, instead, are
laid out in a rather complex way. Why do you think this is the case?
In my opinion, a public garden built in a complex design pattern is very eye– catching and
attractive for people to visit. A garden consisting of sculptures, various rare species of plants
and special landscaping will be more appealing to visitors who wish to explore something
unique. To make an analogy, I believe that public gardens are designed to capture public
attention in the same way that architects design the structure of their buildings.
13.5. Do you think governments should provide more public gardens for people to
visit?
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Of course, I definitely agree with the idea that governments and authorities ought to provide
more public gardens for their citizens for the following reasons.
Public gardens are collections of plants and flowers; they are used not only for enjoyment but
also education so that people, especially children, can have the chance to understand and be
close to nature. In this function as outdoor classrooms , they raise an awareness of
environmental issues as well as the conservation of special species.
Also, urban green spaces play an important role in leisure and recreation – imagine the
pleasure of sitting and reading a book or strolling and chatting with friends, surrounded by
the sight and smells of beautiful flowers.
13.6. What do people do when they go to a public garden?
There are various reasons why citizens go to a public garden, but I think the main one is to
find an oasis of peace and tranquility amid the frenzy and chaos of city life. Residents in
general can go there to enjoy the fresh, tranquil atmosphere and relax themselves simply by
appreciating the beauty of the flowers and the songs of the birds.
Moreover, it is very practical for children and students to visit public gardens in order to be
in touch with nature and acquire knowledge about it. As a student, I would say that public
gardens are also a great place to read a book and to reflect on the lectures or seminars of the
day.
13.7. How do people of different age groups use public gardens?
Different age groups will have dissimilar preferences in using public gardens. For example,
elderly people tend to go there to relax, go jogging or doing exercises like tai chi. Then again,
when public gardens also incorporate play areas, these are very safe environments in which
parents can keep a watchful eye on their children.

VOCABULARY
 Residential areas [noun]: areas consisting of houses, not factories or offices
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Example: She lives in a quiet residential area, but she has to travel a long way to work.
 Excessive [adjective]: greater than what seems reasonable or appropriate
Example: They complained about the excessive noise made by their neighbours.
 High-rise [adjective]: a building that is very tall, and has lots of floors
Example: She lives on the 10th floor of a high-rise apartment block.
 Insufficient [adjective]: not large, strong or important enough for a specific purpose
Example: There was insufficient time in the exam to answer all the questions. Urban
green spaces [expression]: areas of open land within large towns or cities Example: In our
city there are insufficient urban green spaces for residents to enjoy.
 Preserve [verb]: to keep something in existence and in good condition
Example: The society was founded in order to preserve elephants from extinction.
 Ecological [adjective]: the relationship between plants and animals to their environment
and to each other
Example: When rats were introduced to the island, they destroyed the ecological balance
between the animals already living there.
 Eye-catching [adjective]: immediately noticeable, because it is very attractive
Example: The actors wore beautiful clothes in eye-catching colours.
 Landscaping [noun]: the process of making a garden or other pieces of land more
attractive by changing the design or planting trees and flowers
Example: The new campus at the university has beautiful landscaping, making it a very
attractive place at which to study.
 Appealing [adjective]: attractive and interesting
Example: The design of the doll is very appealing to young girls.
 Unique [adjective]: very special or unusual
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14. Describe an area of subject that you are interested in.

You should say

- What is it
- When you started become interested in it
- What you have learned from it
- Why do you like it

Well, the first thing I should mention is that my school life was pretty easy for me as I
had the chance to choose and concentrate on my favorite subjects. Among them,
English is the one that I really devoted my effort and time in learning and practicing.
It was not my case to say that I fell in love with English at first sight, actually, I had
been struggling a lot on the path of figuring out the right method to pick up this
language. In the early years of secondary school, English for me was just the matter of
reading and learning by heart all the grammar rules. Therefore, it was extremely
intricate and thorny for me to listen and speak in this language. However, when I was
in grade 10, I had the chance to meet Mr. Son, who is one of my greatest teachers, ever.
His unique way of teaching in fact provoked my passion for this language. To be more
specific, he altered my perspective of learning English. He showed me the vital role
of sounds, intonation and how to block out your first language on the way of
conquering the second one. Since then, under his guidance, I concentrated more on the
way native speakers create their sounds and exerted myself to imitate that. Over a few
months, my speaking and listening were upgraded a lot and I became addicted to
immerging myself in English. It is my teacher that lighted up my study journey and
inspired me to continuously practice for a better me.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

14.1. What is your opinion of modern education (in school)?
What I think about modern education… I guess people are incorporating a lot of
technology in the classroom. Like at a university right now, you can see that teachers,
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or should I say lecturers, deliver their lessons using computers and projectors, and
students study with the slides given by their educators. Students may also submit their
work online instead of handing it in directly like before, and some of them study with
e-books and mobile applications instead of carrying around textbooks all day long. This
approach to teaching will certainly filter down to secondary school education, too.
14.2. What school subjects do you think are most important (in primary
school or high school)? (Why are they important?)
I would say Literacy and Math, for primary school children. They help youngsters form
their basic skills and ability like calculating, analyzing or the ability to express their
thoughts. Without these two, children may have trouble communicating and thinking
logically. Literacy and Math are like the foundation of everything, I think.
14.3. What school subject do you think will be the most useful in adult life
(or, most useful for society)?
Literacy, as in teaching people how to think critically, how to write a proper piece of
writing and how to express their thoughts. Subjects like Mathematics, well its advanced
version only, or Physics or Chemistry will rarely be applied in life unless you really
understand them and you do some kind of job related to them. Literacy, however, assists
people in both their normal life and their professional one, particularly in the way they
speak, write, and think. That’s why I believe literacy is the subject that will be of prime
importance to people throughout their lives.
14.4. Which subjects do you think should be optional and which should be
compulsory?
I believe subjects requiring a bit of natural ability should be optional, as not everyone
can show aptitude for things like music and art. Compulsory subjects should be natural
sciences and some part of literature which teaches writing or expressing ideas, as these
can help students form skills like critical thinking, calculating, or analyzing. In some
countries, languages should be compulsory too, for example some minorities will need
to learn a second language to be able to communicate with the world.
14.5. What are the advantages of studying computing in high school?
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Studying computing in high school is really advantageous to students. Technology, or

- well in this case - the computer, is used almost everywhere nowadays you know, you
can see it being a part of almost everything. This is why learning computing means
giving students a chance to catch up with what’s going on in the world. Computing
would also assist them in their future careers as more and more jobs nowadays require
the use of computers.
14.6. In the west, (upper) high school students are allowed to choose many
of the subjects they study. Do you think that would be a good idea?
It depends. This would be a good idea for those who already know what they want to
do in the future, as they could easily choose the subjects that are necessary to realize
their dreams. Also, leaving students to choose the subjects they study means letting
them have a say in deciding their future from an early age, which can boost their
independence and determination. However, this would cause problems to those who
don’t know yet what they want to do in the future, thus stopping them from studying
their potential favorite or important subjects.
14.7. How are educational priorities today different from those in the past?
In modern society, a higher priority is placed on the education of children than in the
past. This is simply, in my opinion, a recognition that we now live in a world of work
in which specialist knowledge and skills are essential for many jobs. So, education
now gives more priority to the ability to use technology. Students today must be both
literate and computer-literate.
14.8. What is your opinion on the way languages are taught in schools?
Too passive, I think. Most schools in our country focus too much on teaching grammar
and vocabulary, thus neglecting speaking, listening and writing. Except for those from
specialized schools, most students often speak with no intonation, their pronunciation
of each sound is rarely fully correct, and it’s hard for them to strike up a conversation
with a foreigner in English due to their poor speaking and listening skills. Most of them
can hardly come up with a decent piece of writing either.
14.9. What changes do you think will happen in the classroom in the near
future?
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Studying in the future may include a lot of technology. Right now education technology
is already on the rise, and I think it’s going to be everywhere in years to come. The role
of the teacher may be minimized, and in some places the physical classroom may also
be eliminated and replaced by the virtual one.

VOCABULARY
 Incorporate [verb] to include as part of something
Example: The textbook incorporates all the latest information on climate change.
 Educator [noun] (formal) a person whose job is to teach or educate people
(formal)
Example: Modern educators prefer a different approach to the teaching of reading.
 Submit [verb] to give a document, proposal, etc. to somebody in authority so
that they can study or consider it
Example: Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.
 Hand something [phrasal verb] = submit
Example: You must all hand in your projects by the end of next week.
 Filter down [phrasal verb] to move slowly down to lower levels of an organisation
or system
Example: During the day, the news that the company was going to close filtered down
to the employees.
 Literacy [noun] the ability to read and write
Example: Now that most children go to school, the rate of literacy in the country is
improving.
 Analyze [verb] to examine the nature or structure of something, especially by
separating it into its parts, in order to understand or explain it
Example: He tried to analyze her feelings and finally managed to get what she wanted.
 Foundation [noun] a principle, an idea or a fact that something is based on and that
it grows from
Example: Repect and friendship provide a solid foundation for marriage.
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 Prime [adjective] main; most important; basic Example: The care of the
environment is of prime importance.
 Aptitude [noun] natural ability or skill at doing something
e.g. After working for several months, she got promoted as she showed an aptitude for
the work.
 Critical thinking [noun] the process of analyzing information in an objective way,
in order to make a judgement about it
e.g. The school encourages critical thinking and problem solving skills.
 Go on [phrasal verb] happen/take place
Example: I often check the news on the internet to know what’s going on in the world.
 Realize [verb] to achieve something important that you want to do
Example: She never realized her amibition of becoming a singer.
 Say (in something) [noun] the right to influence something by giving your opinion
before a decision is made
Example: We had no say in the decision to sell the company.
 Boost [verb] to make something increase, or become better or more successful
Example: The movie helped boost her screen career. She received several prizes and
was asked to do some TV commercials.
 Potential [adjective] that can develop into something or be developed in the future
Example: First we need to identify actual and potential problems, then we may come
up with some solutions.
 Computer-literate [adjective] able to use computers well
Example: She is highly computer-literate and she now teaches other people to use
computers.
 Apparent [adjective] obvious
Example: It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
 Pay attention to smt/smb [expression] listen to, look at or think about
something/somebody carefully
Example: The teacher asked her students to pay their full attention to what she was
saying, as that part was really important.
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 Neglect [verb] not give enough attention to something

Example: She has neglected her studies – all she’s done is playing.
 Specialized (chuyên) [adjective] designed or developed for a particular purpose
or area of knowledge
Example: The course is very specialized; only psychologists are allowed to attend it.
 Intonation (ngữ điệu) [noun] the rise and fall of the voice in speaking, especially
as this affects the meaning of what is being said
Example: In English, some questions have a rising intonation.
 Strike up sth (with sb) [phrasal verb] to begin a friendship, a relationship, a
conversation, etc.
Example: He would often strike up conversations with complete strangers.
Come up with [phrasal verb] to find or produce an answer, a sum of money
Example: She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
Decent [adjective] of a good enough standard or quality; acceptable to people in a
particular situation
Example: I need a decent night’s sleep; I have been staying up late recently.
 To come [idiom] in the future
Example: They may well regret the decision in years to come.
 Eliminate [verb] to remove or get rid of something/somebody
Example: The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation.
 Virtual [adjective] made to appear to exist by the use of computer software, for
example on the Internet
Example: New technology has enabled development of an online “virtual library”.

15. Describe a person who has influence on you.

You should say:
- Who this person is
- How/ When you met him/her
- How he/she has made impact on you/ your life/ your study…
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So far, I always consider myself lucky to meet lots of wonderful teachers throughout
the academic years, one of them is my English teacher, Mr. Bill. Indeed, meeting him
is an essential turning point on my path of conquering English. I had the opportunity
to work with him when I was a freshman at university. At first sight, I was truly
impressed by his well-mannered eloquence and behavior. His unique way of teaching
in fact provoked my passion for this language. To be more specific, Mr. Bill altered
my perspective of learning English. Before I met him, for me, English is just the matter
of reading, grammars or writing and I barely paid any attention to the other factors.
However, he showed me the vital role of sounds and intonation. Since then, under his
guidance, I concentrated more on the way native speakers create their sounds and
exerted myself to imitate that. Over a few months, my speaking and listening were
upgraded a lot and I became addicted to immerging myself in English. It is my teacher
that lighted up my study journey and inspired me to continuously practice for a better
me.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

15.1. How do people make friends?
Well, I guess not much different from other countries. Usually we meet new friends at
either school, in classes or at the workplace. Sometimes, we can also befriend our
friends’ friends. I think that’s how people make friends most of the time.
15.2. Who is more important to you, friends or family?
Ah this is such a difficult question to answer. I have always thought of my close friends
as family too so they are just as important to me as my family members. But then I
guess my family is still everything to me. Friends can turn their back on you but family
would never do that, you know. At least in my case, I can always trust my family
members to support and be there for me in difficult times, but I cannot say the same
thing about all of my friends, except for those whom I’m close with.
15.3. Do you like to be friends with someone who is different from you?
I think it wouldn’t be a bad idea to be friends with someone who is different from me.
Of course, there will be some disadvantages; for example, since it is more likely that
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we will have opposing opinions about a situation, we might get into altercations more
often. Especially if one of us is the stubborn type, then it would be hard for us to get
along and our relationship might not end too well. Yet, I believe there are still people
with contrasting personalities, who are compatible with and complement each other.
Plus, I find it very interesting to get to know people whose personalities are different
from mine, as I feel like it would help me open my eyes to new ways of thinking as
well as change my perspective about many things.
15.4. Do you have any foreign friends?
Yes, I do. While living in Australia for the last two years, I have been able to make
many new foreign friends, some of whom I am very close to and still stay in touch
with.
15.5. Why is it easier to make friends on the Internet than in reality?
I think it’s mainly because it’s always much easier for people to hide behind a computer
screen and express themselves than having to do so face-to-face or in front of a lot of
people. On the Internet, people don’t really know who you are. They might know you
through you profile pictures and the self-description that you put up on your personal
page but they can’t know everything about you. They know neither your past nor your
face unless you choose to show them and I think that’s what gives most people the
courage to be their real selves without the fear of others’ judgment. Also, making friends
on the Internet usually requires less time and money, as usually people would only talk
or chat online without having to physically meet each other.
15.6. What social values should parents teach children?
I think if one day I have children, I would love to teach them about honesty, respect for
other people, responsibility for their family and also about giving back to the
community they are growing up in. It would be great if I could instill a mind-set of
gratitude in them, as I personally believe that only those who know how to appreciate
what they have, even the little things, will have the potential to go far in life.
15.7. Many children misbehave at school what are the reasons?
There can be many causes behind such misbehaviors. One reason could be that kids can
be influenced by the friends they hang out with, so if your kids are befriended by some
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delinquents, there’s a higher chance that they will get up to no good. Also, this might
have something to do with children’s low self-esteem. You know when kids are young,
they tend to be more insecure and reckless so they might act up and disobey rules on
purpose while trying to cover up their vulnerability and self-doubt.
15.8. Do you think mass media have a great impact on the young generation?
Yes definitely. Especially with television and the Internet becoming readily accessible
at both school and home nowadays, the impact that the media is having on the youth is
greater than ever before. Such influence can be both positive and negative. For example,
watching / viewing violent media content often enough can make it more likely that
children will behave in an aggressive way and be less understanding of other people’s
needs and feelings. On the other hand, teenagers who are exposed to and take an interest
in the news are more likely to be interested in major social and political issues. This can
help educate them and encourage them to become more involved as citizens in their
communities.
15.9. Why is it hard for adults to change?
There can be numerous reasons why some grownups resist change. I think the primary
reason lies with people’s fear of excessive uncertainty that is usually associated with
change. Imagine yourself walking off a cliff blindfolded. Scary, isn’t it? Doing things
for the first time or stepping into the unknown can be pretty frightening too. Most of
the time, people only seek change when they get frustrated with their current situation
and the only way out is to look for a positive way forward. It would be a lot harder for
people to change if they couldn’t find such motivation or courage to take those first
steps to move out of their comfort zone.
15.10. How to help young people to develop good habits?
In my opinion, adults, first and foremost, must lead by setting a good example for
children. As children grow and learn mostly from watching the people around them, the
way adults handle the ups and downs of life can teach the young a lot about how to
behave and get along with others. It’s also important to show respect for children and
refrain from using the word “don’t” whenever possible. Furthermore, encouraging the
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kids with praise and giving them positive attention for good behaviors can motivate
them to build and maintain more good habits.

VOCABULARY
 Befriend (verb): to be friendly towards someone
It is not advisable to befriend your boss, or your teacher.
 To turn one’s back on sb: deny, reject; also abandon, forsake
I can't turn my back on my own daughter, no matter what she's done.
 Altercation (noun): verbal fight
According to witnesses, the altercation between the two men started inside the
restaurant.
 Stubborn (adj): having or showing dogged determination not to change one's attitude
or position on something
They have huge arguments because they're both so stubborn.
 To get along: have a harmonious or friendly relationship
Those two just don't get along.
 Compatible (adj): able to have a harmonious relationship
It was when we started living together that we found we just weren't compatible.
 Complement (verb): add to (something) in a way that enhances or improves it
The music complements her voice perfectly.
 To open one’s eyes: become or make someone aware of the truth of a situation
The trip to Zimbabwe opened her eyes to the difficulties faced by developing nations.
 Perspective (noun): a particular attitude toward or way of regarding something;
a point of view
You're approaching the problem from a completely different perspective.
 To stay/keep in touch: to maintain communications with someone
After my neighbor moved, we still kept in touch.
 Instill (verb): gradually but firmly establish (an idea or attitude, especially a
desirable one) in a person's mind
It is part of a teacher's job to instil confidence in/into his or her students.
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 Mind-set (noun): the established set of attitudes held by someone

It's extraordinary how hard it is to change the mindset of the public and the press.
 Gratitude (noun): the quality of being thankful
She sent them a present to show/express her gratitude.
 Potential (noun): the possibility of something happening or of someone doing
something in the future
I don't feel I'm achieving my full potential in my present job.
 To go far in life: be successful
Children should be encouraged to go far in life and to set their goals high and reach
for them.
 Delinquent (noun): a person, usually young, who behaves in a way that is illegal or
not acceptable to most people
There are many ways that parents can do to help juvenile delinquents change.
 To be/get up to no good: doing something bad
I could tell from the look on Tom's face that he was up to
no good.
 Self-esteem (noun): confidence in one's own worth or abilities
She suffers from low self-esteem and it prevents her from pursuing her goals.
 Reckless (adj): without thinking or caring about the consequences of an action
These punks have a reckless disregard for the
law.
 To act up: misbehave
Sometimes kids act up because they just want attention.
 Disobey (verb): fail to obey
He was punished for disobeying orders.
 Vulnerability (noun): the quality of being weak and easily hurt physically or
emotionally
He was intensely aware of his own vulnerability.
 Aggressive (adj): ready or likely to attack or confront
He gets aggressive when he's drunk.
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 Blindfolded (adj): to cover someone’s eyes with a blindfold

She is challenged to solve the Rubik’s Cube blindfolded.
 Frightening (adj): making someone afraid or anxious; terrifying
It is frightening to think what might happen if she left him.
 Comfort zone (noun): a situation in which you feel comfortable and in which your
ability and determination are not being tested
Sometimes you have to step out of your comfort zone and challenge yourself.
 Praise (noun): the expression of approval or admiration for someone or something
They deserve praise for all their hard work.

16. Describe a tall building you like or dislike

You should say:

- What is the name of the building

- Where is it located
- Why do you like/ dislike it

I guess I could begin by saying something about what this building is and I suppose I
would have to choose one of the tallest buildings in the world, which is located in
Taiwan. The building is called Taipei 101 because it has 101 floors. Now going on to
my next point, which is how it looks like. I really need to add that Taipei 101 was
originally constructed way back in 1999 and finished 5 year later in 2004. The height
of the building is 509 meters. It is shaped like a pagoda and the building is saved from
many earthquakes in Taiwan. Now with reference to what this building is used for. Well
the point I like to make here is that Taipei 101 is a multi-level shopping mall, adjoining
to tower house with hundreds of stores, restaurants and clubs. In fact, it chiefly caused
as an economic and financial center of Taiwan. And then finally if I have time, in answer
to the question of how often I visit this place. Well, really I should mention that I’ve
had just one opportunity to visit it in 2009, it was on my 17th birthday to be exact. At
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the very first sight, I was blown away by the unparalleled architecture of Taipei 101
and I’m sure it will be on my top list of must – go places in the future.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

16.1. How do people in your country feel about old buildings?
Indian culture is tradition oriented, which obviously means Indian people have a
respectful attitude toward architecture built to last for ages. This can be seen through
not only many famous old structures that are still preserved today, but also in
interesting folktales about their construction.
16.2. Do old people and young people in your country have the same
attitudes towards old buildings?
In my opinion, there is certainly a difference between the perspective of elderly
people and that of young people on old buildings due to the generation gap. Elders
are more respectful of old architecture compared with youngsters. They enjoy the
atmosphere created by old places where they recall the old times / their own history
while the young generation finds it uninteresting.
16.3. Is it important to preserve old buildings?
Yes, I strongly support the idea of preserving old buildings. One reason for this is
that the buildings represent both cultural and historical values, which could be
viewed as precious artifacts worth retaining. The second reason is to create a sense
of nostalgia which helps people meditate (away from their city lives).
16.4. What aspect of culture do old buildings reflect?
In terms of the cultural aspect of old buildings, they represent the religion and
lifestyle of the time. The majority of the old buildings are associated with Buddhist
architecture such as the pagoda, temple and shrine. Apart from religious design, old
structures also reflect the lifestyle of people relating to the tradition of agricultural
work. This can be commonly seen in the countryside where there are spacious old
houses with private fields and gardens.
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16.5. How do old buildings affect the appearance of a place? (Hint: Well
designed and well maintained old buildings are visually attractive
and add a touch of elegance to a location.)
There are two cases. If there are dilapidated buildings in the area, it will not only
make for a gloomy sight but also is a waste of land. In contrast, well designed and
well maintained old buildings are visually attractive and add a touch of elegance to
a location, which results in it becoming a tourist attraction.
16.6. What benefits can people get from old buildings?
There are several advantages brought by old buildings. Beside the peaceful
atmosphere they provide, old / traditional architecture plays an essential role as both
cultural and historical artifacts for us to study about our ancestors. Therefore, when
they attract a considerable number of visitors, local people can benefit from tourism.
16.7. Would you say buildings in the past were better than those of
today, or those of today are better than those in the past?
In general, today’s construction techniques have developed hugely, which makes
modern towers more solid than those built a long time ago. However, there are
magnificently extraordinary ancient structures that not only get admiration from
people today but also remain mysterious such as the Great Pyramid in Egypt.
16.8. Do you think it's worth the money to preserve old buildings?
Although I appreciate the value of old buildings, I think that the government should
allocate a sensible budget to preserve them in good condition. As the population is
sharply increasing and the polar ice is melting, the problem of insufficient living
land has become more serious than ever. Therefore, antiquated buildings which are
less valuable should be demolished to facilitate urbanization.
16.9. How have buildings changed in the past few years?
During recent years, there has been a tendency to construct tower blocks and
skyscrapers as engineering techniques have considerably developed. Compared
with finicky designs of old architecture, modern buildings are simpler and more
uniform due to the construction materials changing from stone, wood and bamboo
to concrete, steel and glass.
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VOCABULARY
 for ages [collocation] for a very long time
Example: We have so many things in common that it is like we have known each
other for ages.
 Perspective [noun] a particular way of considering something
Example: You're approaching the problem from a completely different
perspective.
 Artifact [noun] an object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural
or historical interest.
Example: The museum's collection includes artifacts dating back to prehistoric
times.
 meditate [verb] to think calm thoughts in order to relax or as a religious activity
Example: My aunt goes to the local pagoda to meditate for 20 minutes every
day.
 In terms of [collocation] used to describe which particular area of a subject you
are discussing
Example: In terms of money, I was better off in my last job.
 Dilapidated [adjective] old and in poor condition
Example: The hotel we stayed in was really dilapidated
 Ancestor [noun] a person related to you who lived a long time
ago
Example: Apparently his ancestors came over from France in the 11th century.
 Antiquated [adjective] old-fashioned or unsuitable for modern society
Example: It will take many years to modernize antiquated agricultural industries.
 demolish [verb] to completely destroy a building, especially in order to use the
land for other purposes.
Example: A number of houses in my neighborhood were demolished so that the
supermarket could be built.
 skyscraper [noun] a very tall modern building, usually in a city
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Example: New York is one of the biggest cities in the world in which there are
thousands of towers and skycrapers.

17. Describe a wild animal

You should say:

- What is the animal

- What are the special characteristics of that animals
- What is its habitat

To be quite honest, in general I would say that I am actually quite keen on wild
animals, especially the enormous ones that survive well in the savage life. Talking of
large animals, elephants are usually the one that come across many people’s mind, but
in actual fact, they are small when compared to the largest animal in the world, the Blue
Whale. Baby Blue whales are big, even in the early days of their life cycle. At birth,
they are about 7 meters long and weigh 2 tons. In order to nurture that huge body, they
assume up to 200 litters of milk every day and averagely they grow 80 kilograms more
every passing day. In fact, they grow so quickly that I feel as if I could hear them grow.
The young whales stay with their mother until they are a year old. During that time, the
young whales learn to survive in the ocean. The mother whales teach their calves how
to hunt and fight off enemies. When young whales become adults, they are about 35
meters long and weigh approximately up to 130 tons. Adult blue whales can absorb an
incredibly enormous amount of food which is about 4000 kilograms per day.
Nowadays, blue whales are currently considered as an endangered species and I always
think that it’s time for the world to raise its responsibility towards wildlife
conservation.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

17.1. Do you think animals have feelings and rights? (Why?/Why not?)
I think animals can think and feel too. I’m sure you have heard of the story of a dog
named Hachiko that waited for his owner’s return every day for more than nine years
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after his owner’s death. Such remarkable loyalty shown by a dog made me realize that
animals can have emotions too. I also believe animals should be granted rights so that
there’s a clear legal limit to human behaviors in relation to animals.
17.2. Some people breed animals such as dogs for money. How do you feel
about that?
I’m fine with people breeding animals for money as long as they don’t hurt the animals
in the process. I know some people who breed dogs for a living but I know that they
love the dogs and truly care for them; they would never want to see the dogs in pain, so
I don’t see anything wrong with such a practice.
17.3. Do you think there should be laws to protect the welfare of pets and
farm animals? (For example, laws against cruel treatment.)
Why?/Why not?
Absolutely. If you think about it, animals are vulnerable, defenseless and completely
under a man’s control / in a man’s charge. Nevertheless, I strongly believe that animals
deserve to live their lives free from suffering and exploitation. People who disregard
the wellbeing of animals should be brought to court and held accountable for violating
animal rights.
17.4. Are there any wild animals in your country that are not found in any
other country?
I’m aware of only a few endangered species, such as the pheasant, Tonkin snub-nosed
monkey, Crested argus and the Annam black muntjac.
17.5. Are there any animal reserves in your country where wild animals
can live in protection?
As far as I know, there are several national parks and nature reserves across the country
to protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitats.
17.6. How do people feel about the protection of wild animals?
For the most part, I’m sure people are well aware of the importance of protecting wild
animals and endangered species. Particularly many youngsters nowadays are actively
playing their part in wildlife conservation by participating in animal conservation
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volunteer programs in remote areas of the country and sharing stories of illegal wildlife
trade on their social medias in hope of raising overall animal welfare standards.
17.7. What do you think are some of the benefits to humans from
protecting wild animals?
In my opinion, there are two main reasons to protect wild animals. One of them has to
do with the protection of our ecosystem. Everything in the wild has evolved to work
together to have a biosphere that sustains life. Yet, it is hard to know exactly what
might happen to an ecosystem when even the smallest contributor to that ecosystem
vanishes. Hence, wild animals, as a part of the ecosystem of the world need to be
conserved and protected. Plus, a lot of medicines used to help cure various health
conditions, such as heart diseases, disorders and other illnesses have been derived from
the chemicals produced by animals. If wild animals are gone, it will be impossible for
humans to study and learn from them.

VOCABULARY
 Grant (verb): to give or allow someone something
They granted her an entry visa.
 Exploitation (noun): the use of something in order to get an advantage
from it
The protection of the Antarctic from commercial exploitation is an important
goal of environmentalists.
 To hold accountable for sth: to consider someone responsible for something
I must hold you responsible for the missing money.
 Violate (verb): to break or act against something, especially a law
They were charged with violating federal law.
 Endangered species (adj): animals or plants that may soon not exist
because there are very few now alive
 Conservation (noun): the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and
interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging
effects of human activity
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This fundraising program was established for the purpose of funding research
and education initiatives that aid in the conservation of endangered species.
 Ecosystem (noun): all the living things in an area and the way they affect each
other and the environment
Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ecosystem.
 Biosphere (noun): the part of the earth's environment where life exists
The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark
environment of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests and high mountaintops.
 Disorder (noun): an illness of the mind or body
She suffers from an eating disorder.
 Derive sth from sth (verb): to get something from something else
The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.

18. Describe a time when you were busy.

You should say:

- When was that time

- Why was you busy
- How did you handle it

Nowadays, with the incredibly fast – paced living, it’s not unusual to see how busy
people are in their lives. Honestly speaking, I have found myself like thousands of time
up to my neck in work, however the time that is most memorable for me is the one of
chasing the deadline to submit my final thesis paper for graduation. The allowed time
for me to fulfil this task is 2 months, nevertheless I spent almost three weeks struggling
to figure out the topic. In addition, I was almost knock down by the job pressure at the
company where I was performing as an intern. Between working at the corporates,
attending classes and completing the assigned thesis, I was in fact a busy little beaver
for almost 2 months. I barely had time remaining for my personal stuff and I was really
stressed out that I was falling behind my schedule for my thesis paper submission. It
was in deed a complicated one that required me to do tons of research, both from
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libraries and the Internet. In addition, I had to visit some local companies to collect data
for my thesis. Those days were so tough and I had been so busy that sometimes I slept
for 3 hours only at night. However, at the end of the day, I completed the thesis with
flying color and had it submitted in due time. Although it was extremely challenging
for me at that time, I felt that all of my time and effort were truly rewarding. It also
gave me some precious experience in time managing and dealing with stress in life.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

18.1. Do you like the fast pace of modern life?
Not really. Living life in the fast lane surely can be both mentally and physically
draining. I can see people nowadays often struggle to juggle work commitments with
the demands of the family and keeping up with friends. Besides, a hectic lifestyle can
very easily take a toll on our overall well-being if we fail to take better care of
ourselves.
18.2. How do you feel when you are really busy?
Sometimes, it does wear me out to be so busy with work and study but I don’t
necessarily dislike it. When I’m busy, I actually feel a sense of satisfaction, knowing
that I’m doing something productive. I used to be unemployed for a short period of time
and it was seriously so frustrating to stay at home all the time, doing nothing while
earning no money. I think that’s the reason why I now prefer being busy and I often try
to occupy my time with as much work and activities as possible, provided that I’m given
a holiday break or time off to look forward to.
18.3. What's the best way to deal with stress?
As I am the type of people that cannot get anything done if I’m under too much stress,
if I’m too busy to the point of getting stressed out, I would always try to squeeze in
some quality relaxing time to do things that I love, like watching my favorite TV shows,
going shopping or hanging out with friends. I found out that the best way for me to fight
away stress often is to slow down, enjoy life more and fill my mind with only positive
thoughts. Only then can I find peace within myself and gather more strength to fulfill
my responsibilities at work and towards my family.
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18.4. What kind of lifestyle is suitable to people in modern society?

I believe people of modern times should definitely strive for a more balanced lifestyle
by making more mindful and healthier choices for the sake of their physical well-
being. People can start taking charge of their life by being more active, enjoying hobbies
and sharing time with friends and family. This, in my opinion, is the most important
investment anyone can make in his or her life.
18.5. What relaxation techniques do you usually use?
As I mentioned earlier, some of the relaxation techniques for stress relief that work for
me include getting a good belly laugh with some variety shows that I like or simply by
surrounding myself with funny and cheerful friends; listening to slow and soothing
music to calm my mind; savoring only the good experiences and trying to focus on the
present and things that really matter in life, which are good health and having my loving
family and friends by my side.

VOCABULARY
 Juggle (verb): to try to do two or more jobs or activities at the same time,
because you do not have a lot of time
Flexible working hours help staff juggle work and family life.
 Commitment (noun): the state or quality of being dedicated to a cause, activity,
etc.
He thanked them for their work on the book and their commitment to delivering
a quality product.
 Hectic (adj): full of activity, or very busy and fast
The area has become a haven for people tired of the hectic pace of city life.
 To take a toll on: to cause damage or wear by using something or by hard living
Drug abuse takes quite a toll on the lives of people.
 To wear sb out: to make someone extremely tired
Walking around a museum all day really wears you out.
 Frustrating (adj): cause (someone) to feel upset or annoyed as a result of being
unable to change or achieve something
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It can be very frustrating to find that the size you want isn't there.
 To squeeze sb/sth in: to manage to do something or see someone in a short
period of time or when you are very busy
While we're in Australia, we're hoping to squeeze in a trip to the Barrier Reef.
 To gather (up) strength/courage: to prepare to make a great effort to be strong
or brave I spent a week gathering the courage to say no.
 Mindful (adj): conscious or aware of something
It is also good to be mindful of those who have less than we do.
 To strive for sth: to try very hard to do something or to make something happen
We strive to ensure that all children are treated equally.
 For the sake of sb: in order to help or bring advantage to someone
Their parents only stayed together for the sake of the children.
 Soothing (adj): making you feel calm
I put on some nice soothing music.
 Savor (verb): enjoy or appreciate (something pleasant) to the full
As for herself, she is going to make sure she savors every moment.

19. Describe a famous person that you admire

You should say:

- Who is this person

- What is their specialty
- Why do you admire him

In my to-meet list, there are so many well – respected celebrities whom I am desired to
meet and spend time with. However, I would like to share about Pele, who is nicknamed
as the greatest soccer player around the Globe. Initially, I really need to kick off with
the point that Pele was just seventeen when he first played in World Cup in Sweden of
1958 for Brazil. Despite his very young age, he was selected as to the national team
participating one of the biggest sport competition on the planet. Back then, he was not
the star player but when his teammate was hurt, Pele went into the game. He
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immediately scored goal and Brazil won the World Cup. By his amazing aptitudes and
skills, Pele was feared by other teams. The Brazilian government even named him as a
national treasure. It is not doubtful to say that Pele is one of the biggest factors making
Brazil’s soccer so well – known. His last World Cup was in Mexico in 1970. Brazil
scored 4 goals against Italy to win the World Cup for the third time. Another point that
I would like to share is that Pele owns an admirable career that every soccer players
crave for. Pele holds many soccer records such as having over 1000 goals in his career.
He was nominated athlete of the Century in 1980 and became a member of a soccer
Hall of Fame in 1993. Although he’s now retired from professional competition, Pele
is still considered as a great inspiration for soccer players and lovers.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

19.1. In general, how do people become famous?
In the era of technology, being famous has never been easier. People who have
extraordinary skills or abilities /talents in any field would be able to become famous
with the assistance of the media.
19.2. What kinds of people become famous?
In my opinion, there are two kinds of fame that are consistent with two types of people.
The first type is well-reputed people with admirable skills or dedication to the
civilization. They are usually scientists, researchers, athletes, or soldiers spending their
lifetime working toward success without the desire to become well-known. The other
type is attention/publicity-seeking people, who often are celebrities in the entertainment
industry, politicians or those becoming famous overnight.
19.3. Do you think. to be famous, a person needs to have some special
talent (or ability)?
No, I don’t think so. Besides incredible aptitudes, people can also be famous for other
qualities such as beauty or charity work.
19.4. What are some general qualities of famous people? Do they have
any qualities that are different from ordinary people?
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The basic benchmark of famous people is special talent or ability, which not so many
people can possess. However, there are other qualities which are common that anyone
can have such as beauty or kindness because these are not difficult to achieve, for
example, undergoing cosmetic surgery or doing charity work.
19.5. Compare how people become celebrities today with how people
became celebrities years ago, for example, 30 or 50 years ago.
Nowadays, thanks to the modernization of technology, it takes only a few seconds to
change a person’s life. The invention of smart devices as well as social networking has
made a person famous at one fell swoop whereas in the past, the only way to be
celebrities was appearing on the television or radio.
19.6. Can you give me some examples of celebrities in your
grandfather's time (i.e.,about 50 years ago)?
Hmm…50 years represent a considerable generation gap, therefore, I only know a few
celebrities in that time. They are actress Marilyn Monroe, rock star Elvis Presley and
the pop music band The Beatles.
19.7. Compare what kinds of people were famous in China in the past
(e.g„ when your grandfather was young) to the kinds of people
who are famous today.
In the my grandfather’s era, only people who dedicated their talents and knowledge to
achieve great feats were respected by the public in China. However, the young Chinese
generation today is familiar with social networking where they can easily gain either
good or bad public attention. For instance, videos about a group of bullying girls were
so popular on the Internet that school violence became phenomenal in the country.
19.8. In your opinion, were the standards for judging who is famous
before better than they are now?
From my personal point of view, the qualities of being famous in the past were by far
more appropriate than they are at the present. Today, the invention of smart devices as
well as social networks has made it easier to be famous. People can gain public attention
just by sharing controversial photos or videos regardless of common sense.
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VOCABULARY
 extraordinary [adjective] very unusual, special, unexpected, or strange.
Example: She has an extraordinary memory that is able to remember small
details in a novel after the first time reading it.
 with the assistance of [phrase] helped by something
Example: With the assistance of her private tutor, she passed the final exams
with flying colors.
 prominent [adjective] very well known and important
Example: The shop occupies a very prominent position on the main street.
 reputation [noun] the positive beliefs or opinions that are generally held about
someone or something
Example: Harvard University has a worldwide reputation for quality of higher
education.
 notorious [adjective] famous for something bad
Example: Although its dishes are delicious, the restaurant is notorious for poor
customer service.
 becoming famous overnight [phrase]
Example: There are various ways to become famous overnight on the Internet
since many people are using social networks.
 aptitudes [noun] a natural ability or skill
Example: Apart from her passion for swimming, this youngest swimming athlete
also possesses an aptitude for this sport.
 undergoing cosmetic surgery [phrase]
Example: Being ashamed of her round face, Mary decided to undergo cosmetic
surgery to obtain a V-line jowl.
 at one fell swoop [idiom] all at once.
Example: I got all my Christmas shopping done at one fell swoop.
 Considerable [adjective] large amount or of noticeable importance
Example: You wouldn’t have failed the exam if you had put considerable effort
and time into revision.
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 Familiar with [phrase] Having a good knowledge of something. Example: Our

English teacher tries not to use too much local idioms or slangs during lectures as other
students may not familiar with the language.
 phenomenal [adjective] extremely popular or special, especially in a surprising
way.
Example: His first movie was quite phenomenal which brought him two
nominations for the Oscar.
 by far by a great amount
Example: She is by far the best student in the class.
 Regardless of [phrase] without being influenced by any other events or
conditions.
Example: She deserved to know the truth, regardless of how desperate it was.

20. Describe an outdoor activity you like to do.

You should say:

- What is this activity

- Who do you usually do the activity with
- Why do you like it

Actually, living in a sprawling city, I used to have little chance of enjoying fresh air and
get close to the nature but almost blocking myself in the office. However, recently, I
have managed to adopt several healthy habits including some outdoor activities with
a view to maintain my health condition. And now, I would like to share something about
the activity of walking in a botanical Garden located in the outskirt of my city. Now
with reference to how it helps me to stay healthy. I really need to clarify that whenever
I am under pressure of the fast – paced living, I pay this park a visit, take a walk and
try to refresh my mind. The fresh and quiet atmosphere at this Garden totally enables
me to get away from the hustle and bustle of the city. I guess the reason why I like
going for stroll I this park has something to do with the fact that this garden not only
offer free fresh air but also serves a place for plant conservation. With the diversity of
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trees and flowers there, my family and I can easily enjoy the stunning fauna at a
reasonable price. It is not doubtful to confirm that this garden has made great
contributions to preserving local plants diversity as well as enhance people’s
recreation lives. Almost every individual comes to this park show their great
appreciation for the local authority’s attempt in conserving nature lives.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

20.1. Would you say people spend more time outdoors today than they did,
say, 20 years ago?
Actually, I don’t think so. Nowadays, people tend to stay indoors more because they
are surrounded by so many kinds of technology gadgets such as televisions,
smartphones, computers, etc. It is extremely easy to get addicted to these things, and
we don’t need to meet others face-to-face to talk. It’s common to see a family where
parents are busy working on computers and answering phone calls while the kids are
concentrating on playing games, and they are all unwilling to go outside. In contrast,
in my parents’ generation, life was much simpler and people usually went out more to
enjoy the fresh air and meet up with friends.
20.2. What are the benefits of doing things outdoors?
I suppose that there are a number of obvious merits of spending time outside. The most
obvious one is that doing outdoor exercise is the best way to keep healthy and stay fit.
For instance, if I walk, jog or cycle outdoors, I’ll have to expend a lot of energy and
burn more calories, and the fresh air outside also helps to improve the blood pressure
and heart rate. Otherwise, when I stay indoors, especially when working on the
computer for several hours, it’s easy to get dizzy and feel aches and pains in my back.
Another plus point is that being outdoors can greatly boost my mood and creativity, so
everytime I feel bad or try to come up with a new idea, wandering around outside
always helps.
20.3. Are there any outdoor activities that many people used to do (but
which most people don't do now)?
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Well, I’m not so sure about this, but I guess it may be cycling. In the past, especially
when modern means of transport were not popular, there was less traffic on the roads
and the air was also fresher. People usually used bicycles to go to work and exercise,
which was good for their health and also environmentally-friendly. However, today,
when traffic congestion and air pollution have become serious problems threatening
our lives, citizens tend to cycle less because they don’t want to be stuck in traffic and
inhale a large amount of harmful emissions.
20.4. What are the most popular outdoor activities in your country?
I think that many people enjoy walking and playing sports. Everyday, early in the
morning and during the evening, there are a lot of people walking in the parks or around
large lakes, where trees, flowers, water and the fresh air help them unwind and refresh
their minds. It’s like a kind of therapy. Walking doesn’t require so much physical
fitness, so it has become the first choice for many. In addition, some sports such as
football, tennis and badminton are also very common, especially badminton, because
people of any age and gender can play.
20.5. What sorts of activities do children like to do outdoors?
Well, I think it depends on their personalities. Many active and energetic kids are really
into playing sports, particularly football, and they spend the whole day running and
playing with the ball without worrying about getting their clothes dirty. However, other
kids who don’t like taking part in those activities might be keen on outdoor games such
as playing in a sandbox or on the merry-go-round with their friends. Some children are
also pretty fond of gardening work like planting or watering trees, which is a great
activity because at the same time they can learn a lot about the nature.
20.6. Do boys and girls like to do the same kinds of things outdoors?
Obviously, there exist some differences here. Boys tend to take part in activities that
require physical strength, such as playing football, tennis, or going backpacking.
Actually, some girls also like to do these kinds of things too, but the majority might be
more interested in less strenuous activities, for example, walking, jogging or cycling.
20.7. Do old people and young people like doing the same kinds of things
outdoors?
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Well, I think although the old and young generation might share some similar outdoor
activities, for instance, walking, cycling or playing badminton, there are still many kinds
of things that are beyond the physical and mental endurance of elderly people. For
example, they cannot play a full game of football or basketball, or climb a mountain,
which younger ones are able to do. Instead, the elderly may prefer to do things that
require thinking and patience, such as playing chess or sitting outside with a book.
20.8. What sorts of outdoor activities will people like to do in the future?
It’s hard to foresee the future, but I think it’s possible that adventure activities, such as
mountain climbing, paragliding, or skateboarding, will become more popular in the near
future. Today, many young people are willing to take risks and conquer challenges to
step outside their comfort zone and dicover the new limits. The range of equipment
available in the shops for extreme sports enthusiasts will also encourage wider
participation in these activities. With all the right protective and safety gear, adventure
sports are now less risky and more people will therefore want to try them.

VOCABULARY
 Technology gadget (noun) A small object of techonlogy (such as a device or an
appliance) that has a particular function.
Example: His room is full of the latest technology gadgets – he spends hours using
them to keep in touch with his friends.
 Addicted (adjective) Spending all your free time doing something because you are
so interested in it.
Example: He spends all day in his room – he’s addicted to playing computer games.
 Face-to-face (adverb) In a way that involves people who are close together
and looking at each other.
Example: I would prefer to discuss this with you face-to-face rather than over the
phone.
 Unwilling (adjective) Not wanting to do something and refusing to do it.
Example: They don’t like the project and they are unwilling to invest money in it.
 To meet up (phrasal verb) To meet somebody, especially by arrangement.
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Example: We agreed to meet up later for a drink.

 Merit (noun) A good feature that deserves praise, reward or admiration.
Example: The new format of the exam has many merits – most teachers like it.
 Expend (verb) To use or spend a lot of time, money or energy.
Example: We expended a lot of energy decorating the house.
 Aches and pains (expression) Bad feelings when your body hurts.
Example: A relaxing massage will help to ease your aches and pains any you will soon
feel better.
 Boost (verb) To make something increase, or become better or more successful.
Example: All this extra revision will boost my chances of passing the exam.
 To come up with (phrasal verb) To find or produce an answer, a sum of money,
etc.
Example: She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
 Wander (verb) To walk slowly around or to a place, often without any particular
sense of purpose or direction.
Example: She wandered around the streets without any particular idea of where she
wanted to go.
 Environmentally-friendly (adjective) Not harming the environment.
Example: Wind and solar power are environmentally-friendly.
 Threaten (verb) To say that you will cause trouble, hurt somebody, etc. if you
do not get what you want.
Example: The robber threatened the shop assistant with a gun.
 Stuck (adjective) In an unpleasant situation or place that you cannot escape from.
Example: We were stuck in traffic without moving for almost an hour.
 Inhale (verb) To breathe in
Example: She closed her eyes and inhaled deeply before diving into the swimming
pool.
 Emission (noun Gas or chemicals that are sent out into the air.
Example: The government has promised to protect the environment by reducing car
and factory emissions.
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 Therapy (noun) The treatment of a physical problem or an illness.

Example: Many cancer patients undergo some sort of drug therapy
 Be into something (expression) To be interested in something in an active way.
Example: He’s into surfing in a big way, he’s always down at the beach.
 Sandbox (noun) An area in the ground or a shallow container, filled with sand for
children to play in.
Example: The children played happily in the sandbox until it started to rain.
 Backpack (verb) To travel on holiday/vacation carrying your equipment and clothes
in a backpack.
Example: Young people enjoy backpacking, because it’s cheap and they don’t
mind carrying all their things around on their backs.
 Strenuous (adjective) Needing great effort and energy.
Example: After a big meal, avoid strenuous activity, just rest or go for a short walk.
 Endurance (noun) The ability to continue doing something painful or difficult
for a long period of time without complaining.
Example: Cycling across India was a test of endurance, but after a month she
managed to complete the journey.
 Conquer (verb) To succeed in dealing with or controlling something.
Example: She conquered her fear of flying and now she is an airline pilot.
 Comfort zone (noun) A place or situation in which you feel safe or comfortable,
especially when you choose to stay in this situation instead of trying to work harder
or achieve more.
Example: I had no experience of mountain climbing, but I decided to step out of my
comfort zone and go on a climbing course.
 Extreme sports (noun) Sports that are extremely exciting to do and often
dangerous.
Example: He likes extreme sports, but he wisely uses the best safety equipment.
 Enthusiast (noun) A person who is very interested in something and spends a
lot of time doing it.
Example: She is a real chess enthusiast – she plays for hours on her computer.
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21. Describe an advertisement you have seen

You should say:

- What is the advertisement

- When did you see it
- Why did you love it

I guess I could begin by highlighting the fact about what type of advertisement it is.
Actually, nowadays, there is so many advertisements on mass media like TV, internet
or radio that people just take them for granted in some ways. However, there are some
commercials that are truly interesting, creative and meaningful. One such ads that
creates a strong impression on me is the one regarding the great contribution of
mothers to their children and it is broadcasted on the local channel on Mother’s Day.
Now going on to my next point which is what its content is. The point I like to make
here is that unlike other commercials that are utilized to promote products and services,
this one is not about any products but dedicated to appreciate the huge sacrifice of
mothers. Honestly, I am not pretty sure about when I first saw it, but as far as I
remember, I came to this ad about two years ago and I was totally blown away by its
creative way of telling story. And last but not least, I also want to talk about the reason
why I love this piece of ads. I suppose it’s really a combination of reasons, one of which
is its meaningful story that provokes so many emotions about our mom. So, that’s one
thing, the other would be its unique way of catching audience’s entire attention by
touched life stories. I hope that in the future, the advertisement would be invested more
in terms of contents, not just about exaggerating products.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

21.1. What are the different kinds of advertising?
I think that there are several ways of promoting a product, of which the most dominant
type is broadcast advertising, where the products are publicized through TV
commercials, radio or the Internet. Another common type of advertising is print
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advertising, which relies on distributed posters and flyers or advertisement columns in

newspapers or magazines to boost a product’s popularity. There is also outdoor
advertising - advertising at outdoor events like concerts or trade shows.
Unfortunately, surrogate advertising exists as well, which markets banned products
like alcohol or tobacco in the disguise of another product.
21.2. What kind of advertising is most common in your country?
I’m not too sure about this, but I think it’s fair to say broadcast advertising and print
advertising are the two most popular means of promoting products in my country.
Commercials are aired at a high frequency, especially in the evening, when the number
of viewers is considerably higher compared to that in the morning. It’s also common to
see flyers being given away and banners hung on almost every corner of the street.
21.3. What are the ways in which advertisements catch the attention of
viewers?
Well, I guess it depends on the types of advertisement. With TV commercials, it’s
essential to have a catchy theme tune or a slogan used to identify the product, so that
viewers can easily recognize it. McDonald’s, for example, use ‘I’m Lovin’ It’. It also
helps to have a celebrity who features in the commercial or endorses the product, this
would make the product appealing to a larger number of viewers. Print advertisements,
however, usually draw people’s attention with their vibrant colors and unique graphic
designs. The better the posters are, the more interest the product might attract.
21.4. Do big companies prefer to advertise on TV or in some other ways?
(Why?)
In my opinion, broadcast advertising is still the most popular way for big organizations
to promote their goods and services. TV has long been the most prevalent means of
media communication, so getting a product advertised on TV equals making it known
to a larger number of people. It would be even better to secure a slot during prime
time, from about 8pm to 10pm, when virtually everyone is sitting in front of their
television. Still, it’s worth mentioning that online advertisements such as pop-ups are
on the rise, as more and more people are spending time surfing the web.
21.5. What are the good and bad points of advertisements?
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I suppose advertisements play an important role in introducing consumers to a wider

variety of goods. With commercials, buyers are exposed to more options, including
models, functions and prices before choosing the one product that is to their taste. On
the other hand, a well-produced advertisement might not ensure a product of the same
quality. It’s not unusual to witness cases where people complain about the huge
difference between what was advertised and what the product is really like. Besides,
commercials can trigger the desire to purchase new goods, regardless of their
impracticability, resulting in the waste of both time and money.
21.6. Is advertising on the internet very influential?
To be honest, I doubt the effectiveness of internet advertising. Although pop-ups are
growing in popularity, most people find them rather bothersome and close them the
moment they appear on the screen, instead of spending time reading them. Besides,
under the impression that everything on the internet should not be trusted, people
usually dismiss online advertisements as unreliable.
21.7. Are any kinds advertising in your country considered illegal?
I’m not too knowledgeable about the issue, but I guess anything that fails to obey the
terms of advertisement laws is considered illegal. One of the most commonly seen
outdoor advertisements are billboards, which are basically huge posters that are erected
on main streets or on top of buildings. This is a completely legal way of advertising, if
the owners are granted a valid permit and take the boards down according to the
contract. However, many owners violate the law by missing the deadline to remove
them or erect them without permission.
21.8. Do you trust advertisements? (Why?/Why not?)
Quite frankly, I rarely place my trust in advertisements. They seem untruthful to me
since almost everything is exaggerated and most of the time, the products themselves
don’t live up to consumers’ expectations. They claim to be the best but very often
there are some kind of faults. However, I do refer to advertisements when I’m looking
for a product or a service, in order to broaden my range of choices. Still, only after a
long time studying the product and reading reviews will I make up my mind to purchase
one.
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21.9. How do you feel about false advertising?

Like most people, I feel outraged by misleading advertisements. Untruthful
commercials can lead to many problems, and some can be disastrous. Cosmetics
advertisements, for example, if they do not cover all necessary aspects like origin,
components and potential allergic reactions on some types of skins, may cause
complexion diseases. The same goes for medicinal products. False advertising betrays
the trust of consumers and diminishes the reputation of the company itself. By creating
widespread distrust, the advertising industry as a whole is damaged by false
advertising.

VOCABULARY
 Dominant [adj]: most common
Example: TV has remained the most dominant means of media communication
throughout the years.
 Publicize [v]: to make something known to the public
Example: He is in London to publicize his new book.
 Distribute (phân phối, phân phát) [v]: to give or deliver (something) to people
Example: We need to distribute electricity equally over the country so that everyone
can enjoy the benefits.
 Flyer [n]: a small sheet of paper advertising an event or product, given to a large
number of people in the street
Example: I spent the morning handing out flyers for the new supermarket which has
just opened.
 Surrogate [n]: to put in the place of another
Example: He could not attend the meeting, so he sent his surrogate.
 To be aired [expression]: to be shown on the media, to be broadcasted
Example: The news program is aired at 7pm every day.
 On almost every corner of the street [expression]: almost everywhere
Example: Food stalls can be found on almost every corner of the street, so don’t worry
if you need to find somewhere to eat.
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 Catchy [adj] pleasing and easily remembered

Example: Most popular TV series have a catchy theme tune to introduce the show.
 Theme tune/theme song [n]: a song that is played at the beginning and end of a
television show, movie, etc or in a commercial
Example: The theme song of the James Bond movie ‘Live and Let Die’ became a hit.
 Slogan [n]:a word or phrase that is easy to remember and is used by a group or
business to attract attention
Example: Within days, virtually everyone was familiar with the newest advertising
slogan for that brand of soda.
 Endorse[v]: to publicly or officially say that you support or approve of (someone
or something) OR to publicly say - in exchange for money - that you like or use (a
product or service)
Example: That brand of sneaker is endorsed by several basketball stars.
 Vibrant [adj]: very bright and strong
Example: We painted the poster a vibrant blue so that it stands out.
 Prevalent [adj]: common or widespread
Example: Ripped jeans is a fashion trend that is prevalent among teenagers.
 Secure a slot [expression] get a position or time in a list of events
Example: She was very happy when she secured a slot in the big concert just before
the star was due to perform.
 Prime time [expression]: a time in the evening when the largest number of people
are watching television
Example: The program is popular because it is shown during prime
time.
 Virtually [adv]: almost entirely
Example: We spent virtually all day shopping.
Well-produced [adj]: well-made
Example: The movie was so well-produced that there was nothing I could complain
about.
 Trigger [v]: cause something else to happen
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Example: Smoke triggered the fire alarm.

 Bothersome [adj]: causing trouble or difficulty
Example: I find my brother’s habit of playing music really loudly is bothersome.
 Under the impression [expression]: believing – usually wrongly - that something is
true
Example: I waited at the station for you, under the impression that you were going to
travel with me.
 Obey [v]: to do what someone tells you to do or what a rule, law, etc., says you must
do
Example: He is a good boy, he always obeys his parents.
 Violate [v]: to do something that is not allowed by (a law, rule, etc.)
Example: The company violated its customers' privacy.
 Live up to one’s expectation [expression]: to be as good as good as someone
thought something would be
Example: I thought the movie was going to be better than that. It totally failed to live
up to my expectations.
 Outraged [adj]: very bad or wrong in a way that causes anger
Example: I felt outraged by her attitude! I will not put up with such treatment.
 Misleading [adj]: giving the wrong idea that something is true

22. Describe a website you like to visit.

Today, I am going to tell you about one website which I’m really interested in. It’s name
is m.ebay.com.
It is an e-commerce website used for online shopping purposes. This website advertises
various items classified by categories such as fashion, electronics, and motors. It allows
people to order products, and make transactions online.
I always give priority to shopping online whenever I have spare time instead of going
to stores or supermarkets. So, this website is very handy for me as I can take advantage
of my mobile phone or computer with an Internet connection to access it and purchase
what I need.
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I find this website very appealing due to its good layout and attractive images of
products. There is a box for me to enter what items I’m looking for so I can avoid
browsing items unnecessarily, as I’m able to find quickly the things I need. After that
the items I have bought will be delivered right to my door so I can save a lot of time.
Not only that, there is always the chance to get a good deal and discounts as there are
various promotion programs.
This website has important advantages for me, such as convenience and the benefits of
saving time and money. Now it plays a useful role in my daily life. In the future I will
continue to visit the site and of course recommend it to my friends.

VOCABULARY
 E-commerce: the business of buying and selling goods and services on the
internet
Example: Ebay is an e-commerce website used for online shopping purposes.
 Transaction: a piece of business that is done between people, especially an act
of buying or selling
Example: You can call your bank and carry out a transaction using a TouchTone
phone.
 Give priority to: something that you think is more important than other things
and should be dealt with first
Example: The hospital gives priority to those patients who require urgent
medical attention.
 Handy: convenient
Example: My flat is very handy for the shops and the park.
 Appealing: attractive or interesting
Example: Brightly colored packaging made the pens especially appealing to
children.
 Layout: the structure of a website rather than its styling
Example: This page uses a 2 – column layout with one sidebar to the left of the
main content area.
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 Browse: the act of looking through a number of things in a book, a store or

online
Example: I have only browsed through the new book on dinosaurs, but I intend
to read it fully this weekend.
 Get a good deal: make a good agreement to buy or sell something
Example: I got a good deal on my new car – I bought it for half the price that
the man was asking for it.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

22.1. What are some of the different reasons why people use the internet?
Speaking of the internet, obviously it has already surpassed newspapers and television
to be the main source of information today. And that’s the most common reason why
people use the internet. Another reason is that people use the internet as a superior
means of communication. We no longer require a place like cafes or offices to keep in
touch with people. We can do it literally anywhere we happen to be with the availability
of Internet access.
22.2. Some people say that different age groups have different tastes on
internet content. What do you think?
I argree that how one uses the internet varies a lot by age. For example, young people
rely almost entirely on search engines for information about entertainment, study
materials and job opportunities, while older people prefer using the internet to get
information about national and international news.
22.3. What influence can (or, does) the internet have on children? And what
about teenagers?
Well, I guess most people immediately think of negative aspects when it comes to
internet influence on our younger generation. For example, using the internet too much
makes them socially isolated and teenagers in particular seem to spend hours on social
network sites. But actually, there are plenty of positive ones as well. The internet's
wealth of information can add to the child's store of knowledge, while online games
enhance their creativity and imagination.
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22.4. Do you think parents should control what internet sites their children
visit on the internet?
I would say yes. Because the sources of internet information are not always reliable, it’s
essential to judge the suitability of those materials. As a result, parents should keep an
eye on their children’s internet usage that until the child has learned to discriminate
between good and bad information sources.
22.5. What (kinds of) people don't use the internet and what are the
disadvantages that these people suffer because they don't use the
internet?
Well, right off the top of my head, I can only think of older people, who are not
accustomed to using the internet, and people whose jobs are not relevant to the
internet.
Personally, I think inability or unwillingness to use the internet will restrict their circle
of friends and also make it harder to access information. In some cases, they have to
spend countless hours looking for some news they need through printed materials, while
they can do it in a matter of seconds with search engines which are available on the
internet.

VOCABULARY
 Superior [adj] better than average or better than other people or things of the
same type
Example: The weapons of the government troops were superior to those of the
enemy.
 Literally [adv] used to emphasize the truth of something that may seem
surprising
Example: They were responsible for literally millions of deaths.
 Suitability [noun] the quality of being right or appropriate for a particular
purpose Example: At the interview, he convinced them of his suitability for the job.
 Keep an eye on sth [idiom] to watch or give your attention to someone or
something
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Example: The mother sat by the side of the playground, keeping an eye on her
sons as they played.
 Discriminate [verb] to treat a person or particular group of people differently,
especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because
of their skin colour, sex, sexuality, etc.
Example: She felt she had been discriminated against because of her age.
 Off the top of my head [idiom] if you say something off the top of your head,
you say it without thinking about it for very long or looking at something that
has been written about it
Example: Off the top of my head I could probably only name about three women
artists.
 Accustomed [adj] familiar with something
Example: She quickly became accustomed to his messy ways.
 Relevant [adji] connected with what is happening or being discussed
Example: Education should be relevant to the child's needs.
 Circle of friends [expression] a group of people who like each other because
they have the same interests or hobbies
Example: She is very popular and she has a wide circle of friends.

23. Describe a small business that you would like to open

You should say:
- What this business would be
- Where it would be located
- What people you would hire as employees
And explain why you’d like to have this small business.

It goes without saying that future is quite uncertain and almost no one can predict
exactly what is waiting for them ahead, however, to some extent I always believe that
our future depends on our plans and actions at present. As a fresh - graduates, I want
to become an entrepreneur and run a chain of boutique shops selling stylish clothing,
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dresses and jewelry. This is probably because ever since I was a kid, I have had a great
passion for designing and sewing pieces of garments, firstly for my doll and then for
real people around me. Gradually, I constantly get more insights into fashion industry
and keep me posted with clothes that are in the thing. Although I am currently majoring
in economics instead of fashion designing, I hold a strong belief that my acute
business sense and a sincere interest in the clothing business will help me to succeed
in the future. Nevertheless, I always have to remind me that opening and running an
apparel store is serious business and that I have to put one hundred percent effort in
leading it to success as well as get ready to face up failures. I guess that’s why some
people around me wonder why I want to give up the safety of my corporate job with its
steady income, paid holidays, vacations and the opportunity for advancement just to
become a small business owner. The answer is indeed quite simple for me, which is I
want to walk out of my comfort zone, challenge me in a new business and last but not
least, give myself a chance to fulfil my childhood dream.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

23.1. What challenges and difficulties do people face when they try to have
a successful small business?
I think some of the hardships that small business owners might have to face include
increasing profits and growing revenues while still paying close attention to details
like client relationships. On the other hand, for many small businesses, client
dependence is a huge issue. If a business depends on a single customer for more
than half its income, that should raise a huge red flag, a situation which can threaten
the businesses’ growth and stability.
23.2. What should be the government's role in how small businesses are
run?
I personally believe the government should create specific programs to help small
businesses start and continue to grow by offering start-up incentives, providing loan
guarantees and encouraging local banks to work with start-ups or regional
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businesses that wish to expand. Lowering corporate taxes and making the regulatory
process simpler can also foster even more small-business growth.
23.3. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of small
businesses compared to large companies?
One of the advantages of a small business is obviously the relatively low startup
capital needed. Also a small establishment is easier to manage compared to a large
operation since the dealings are usually local and small scale. Keeping track of
inventory, cash flow and transactions is easily manageable as well.
On the other hand, small businesses often lose in the competition for market share
with the already established firms, as many clients would prefer to conduct their
business with large firms rather than the smaller ones which are considered risky.
23.4. How can small businesses benefit the people in the community where
the businesses are located?
In my view, small businesses often give a town a sense of community as they can
meet with the customer more frequently and develop more of a personal relationship
than a large company. In addition, shopping at small, local shops means that the
customers are putting money into the pockets of local workers who may be their
neighbors or even family members, thus enhancing both the town's standards of
living and economic conditions.
23.5. What kinds of small business are most popular in your country?
Probably street food vendors and local convenience stores. Street food has always
been a vital and vibrant part in my country, so as long as the owners can offer high
food quality along with some uniqueness to set their stores apart from other
competitors on the market, I believe the business will achieve at least semi-success.
Meanwhile, local convenience stores are usually guaranteed a loyal customer base
that is the local residents so I think they have a higher chance of breaking even and
increasing the bottom line.
23.6. Why do some people open their own business?
In my opinion, people would rather be their own bosses, looking after themselves,
instead of being observed by higher-ups. In other cases, many startup hopefuls may
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have true passion for their jobs and are confident that they know a business should
be run; hence it might motivate them to go out on their own and get directly
involved.
23.7. What qualities does a small business owner need to have?
I think it’s crucial that small business owners maintain a positive outlook and accept
100% of the responsibility for the results of his or her business. They should also focus
on making smart hires and then take the time to get to know and cultivate a good
relationship with their staff, since employees who feel seen, respected and appreciated
almost always produce more than anticipated. Being on the lookout for new
opportunities can also help a prospective entrepreneur get a small business up and
running.

VOCABULARY
 Red flag (noun): a sign of danger
You're not allowed to swim when the red flag is flying.
 Startup (noun): a small business that has just been started
Working on a startup business can produce a real mix of emotions.
 Inventory (noun): a complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or
the contents of a building
Our major customers cut back on their inventory and projections.
 Cash flow (noun): the amount of money moving into and out of a business
Small traders often have short-term cash-flow problems.
 Vendor (noun): a person or company offering something for sale, especially a
trader in the street
She glanced around quickly, and her eyes caught a street vendor who was selling
ice cream.
 Convenience store (noun): a shop that sells food, drinks, etc. and is usually open
until late
The biggest difference in services between a grocery and convenience store is
that the latter usually sells gasoline.
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 Customer base (noun): the people who buy or use a particular product or service
A customer base is absolutely essential for business success.
 To break even: to have no profit or loss at the end of a business activity
After paying for our travel costs, we barely (= only just) broke even.
 Bottom line (noun): the final line in the accounts of a company or organization,
stating the total profit or loss that has been made
How will the rise in interest rates affect our bottom line?
 Hopeful (noun): a person who wants to achieve a position of power
Five presidential hopefuls were invited to speak.
 Cultivate (verb): try to acquire or develop
He did his job efficiently, while also cultivating friendships with many
Australians.
 Outlook (noun): the likely future situation
The economic outlook is bleak.
 Prospective (adj): people who are expected to buy something, employ someone,
become parents, etc.
Her father always wants to meet her prospective boyfriends.
 Entrepreneur (noun): someone who starts their own business, especially when
this involves seeing a new opportunity
He was one of the entrepreneurs of the 80s who made their money in property.

24. Describe a time you needed to use imagination

You should say:

- what the situation was

- why you needed to use imagination
- What the difficulties were and explain how you felt about it

Honestly, I had to admit that I am quite realistic and barely either spend time imagine
or day dreaming. However, every now and then in school life, imagination is life saver
in remembering the knowledge imparted, especially in the subject of History. Indeed,
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envisaging a chain of images and actions in side my head based on the story or series
of events in the book enabled me to acquire new things way more efficiently. For
instance, in the time of learning about the history of chocolate, by utilizing the
technique of imagine and envisage the image, just like making a movie inside my head,
I could remember quickly a quite enormous knowledge and can still recall today. I can
tell you that wild chocolate trees can grow easily in the humid Amazon rainforest.
Clusters of flowers from these trees turn to seeds. Approximately 20 to 60 cacao beans,
which are the ingredient needed to create sweet, soothing and delicious chocolate
treats, can be found in the seeds. The Mayan and Aztec cultures both thought that
chocolate trees are brought from paradise by God. They used the bean from this divine
tree to create a special beverage with a very pleasant odor. Gradually, the treats and
drinks made of these beans become prominent and millions of people around the world
adore it as the most delicious sweet ever. Making my own film using the imagination
in fact helps me to obtain knowledge like a piece of cake.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

24.1. Why do most children have a wild imagination?
Well, in my opinion, the reason for children’s wild imagination is their inexperience.
Obviously, children have an insatiable curiosity, always wondering and looking for
answers. Since they have little knowledge of the real world, children have to use their
imagination to come up with a explanation for their questions. It may be wrong but it’s
their own way of learning about the outside world.
24.2. What kinds of books can boost people's imagination?
I think any type of books can enhance creativity, but I guess the more effective boosters
would be novels. These books usually revolve around a story and there are often a lot
of descriptive scenes, therefore, readers need to let their imagination run wild to be
able to actually live in the scenes. Harry Potter, for instance, is an all-time favourite
book series which falls in the fantasy categories.
24.3. Do you like to watch movies about the future?
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Definitely, I have always been curious about how the world would end up, so movies
about the future never fail to excite me. Many films have been produced based on this
theme with plots varying from robots’ taking over the world, to the uprising of animals,
to apocalypse, all of which are so thrilling to watch . However, a good film depends
more on the storyline, the cast acting and the quality of production rather than the genre
itself. That’s why not every movie of this kind has been highly rated by critics or
enjoyed high viewership.
24.4. What can schools do for students' creativity?
Actually, there are many ways in which schools can encourage children’s creative
thinking. They can, for example, organise contests in writing, drawing or even
handcrafting for students to compete against each other. This will not only inspire
children to be inventive but also provide them with a chance to prove themselves and
maybe, enlarge their circle of friends. Another way is to assign educational books or
movies for them to enjoy instead of overwhelming them with a bunch of homework.

VOCABULARY
 Insatiable [adj]: not able to be satisfied
Eg: Her desire for knowledge was insatiable.
 Booster [n]: something that increases force, power, pressure, or effectiveness
Eg: The teacher’s positive comments on my essay were a real confidence
booster.
 Descriptive [adj]: using words to describe what someone or something is like
Eg: She gave a descriptive account of the journey.
 Let one’s imagination run wild [expression]: to imagine freely
Eg: Let your imagination run wild and you can come up with the best ideas.
 Never fail to do sth [expression]: someone or something always does something
that you expect them to do
Eg: You never fail to impress me!
 Uprising [n]: a rebellion or revolt against people in power
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Eg: The uprising against the government has been

defeated.
 Apocalypse [n]: a great disaster
Eg: His book tells of an environmental apocalypse.
 Thrilling [adj]: very exciting
Eg: It’s thrilling to go on a roller-
coaster.
 Viewership [n]: a television audience
Eg: ‘How I met your Mother’ was a TV series with very high viewership.
 Circle of friends [expression]: a number of close friends who usually do things
together as a group
Eg: She is sociable, so she has a wide circle of friends.
 Overwhelm sb with sth [expression]: give a person too much of something
Eg: As a beginner, I was overwhelmed with the heavy workload.

25. Describe an interesting or unusual thing you do in your spare

time.
You should say:

- What is that thing

- Why do you like it
- How often do you usually do that

I have an unlimited list of things that I would like to do in my free time. However, I
would like to share about the most outstanding ones, which is to read ancient Greece
stories. I guess this hobby has been nurtured ever since I was a child by my mother
enormous collection of Greece legends. The very first one that actually triggered my
passion for ancient Greece stories is the one about the first peacock. There was an
abnormal man living in the ancient Greece named Argos. He was born with 100 eyes
and this brought him so many benefits. The most remarkable one is that they allowed
him to be excellent at guarding things. Argos worked for a great goddess Hera. His
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primary function was to guard a special cow which was Hera’s pet. This was an easy
job for Argos. However the God Zeus was desired to take the cow from Hera. He
trapped Argos to fall asleep by a miraculous music player. The beautiful song had an
immediate effect. Argos couldn’t concentrate on his task Zeus took the cow. Hera was
so irritable that she turned him to a peacock and put a myriad of eyes on his tail. And
that was one of the most beautiful birds’ origin. Even today, when I have become an
adult, I still find myself intrigued by those amazing legends.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

25.1. How do people in your country spend their leisure time, for example,
after school, after work or at weekends?
People in my country choose different ways to relax depending on the groups of people
and their personal preference. For instance, most energetic students or adolescents
prefer outdoor activities like playing football or cycling after a long day at school.
Adults, as a rule, tend to spend free time enjoying various kinds of recreation such as
watching films, listening to music or hanging out with friends. In addition, they may go
for picnics or have parties or family reunions at weekends.
25.2. Why it is important for people to have time for leisure activities?
It is essential for everybody to spend time relaxing in order to keep a balance between
their daily life and work. Having time for leisure activities such as playing sports or
watching favorite films allows people to release stress and feel happy. Moreover, taking
part in leisure activities will help to improve people’s health, including their mental
and physical health, and reduce risks of illness in the long run; as a result, after that they
will be in the best health and frame of mind to work productively.
25.3. Compare how adults spend their leisure time with how children spend
their leisure time.
There are obvious dissimilarities between the ways children and adults make use of
their free time. Children prefer leisure activities which bring a lot of fun such as playing
video games, sports, going outside or playing with their friends. Conversely, adults tend
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to do things for relaxation such as hanging out with friends or just lying down and
taking a nap.
25.4. What kinds of things do families in your country do together in their
leisure time?
People in my country always respect the family reunions and the time they spend
together. There are many fun activities they can do together, such as going for picnics
to rural areas, having meals together in the home or in a restaurant, or simply enjoying
a drive in the car. Visiting family relations who live far away is another popular activity,
because maintaining the family ties is very important.
25.5. Would you say that people have enough leisure time today?
Yes, I think so. Thanks to the advances in technology, such as computers and mobiles,
people are able to do their work more quickly and effectively. Therefore, they can save
a huge amount of time, which they can then use to relax and enjoy life. For example,
employees can work and send documents to the company using e-mails without going
to the workplace. Consequently, they will have more time for themselves, their family
and friends.
25.6. How do you think science and technology has changed people's live in
the past few years?
Recently, people’s lives have been changed significantly due to the development of
science and technology. People can easily keep in touch with their friends and relatives
by using smart phones and social networks such as Skype or Facebook, regardless of
distance. They can also access the new world right in their home by watching TV,
videos about other countries and their cultures. However, the downside of science and
technology is that this may make people gradually become selfish and addicted to
electronic devices.
25.7. Compare the way men spend their leisure time and the way women
spend their leisure time.
Regarding gender, men and women have different preferences in their free time.
Generally, active men tend to play sports or work out at the gym whenever they have
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time, to keep in shape and bulk up muscles. Women, on the other hand, may prefer
going shopping, cooking for their families or seeing their friends.
25.8. What types of leisure activities may become more popular in the future?
Personally, I think countryside recreation such as hiking, camping or horse riding will
become increasingly popular in the long run. Nowadays, most people are under a lot of
pressure at work and the fast pace of city life, so in order to escape from the hustle and
bustle of the city and release stress, they may like to experience the peaceful
atmosphere of the countryside. These things will make them feel better and work more
productively when they return after their break.

VOCABULARY
 Energetic [adjective]: having or needing a lot of energy
Example: Some elderly people still do energetic activities like running or playing
tennis.
 Recreation [noun]: a way of enjoying yourself when you are not working
Example: His favourite form of recreation is playing golf with his friends.
 Balance [noun]: a situation in which different things exist in equal, correct or good
amounts
Example: This newspaper maintains a good balance in its presentation of different
opinions.
 Take part in [expression]: to be involved in something Example: How many
countries took part in the last Olympic Games?
 Frame of mind [expression]: the way that somebody feels about something at a
particular time
Example: Go into the exam with a positive frame of mind !
 Productively [adverb]: in a way that does a lot or achieves a lot
Example: It's important to spend your time productively.
 Dissimilarity [noun] the fact of not being the same as something or somebody else
Example: He is doing research on the dissimilarities of several Asian languages.
 Make use of [expression] to utilize someone or something
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Example: Can you make use of these papers for other purposes instead of throwing
them away?
 Hang out with [phrasal verb] to spend time with somebody in an informal situation
Example: I like to hang out with my friends at a coffee shop after school.
 Take a nap [expression]: to have a brief period of sleep
Example: The baby always takes a long nap for a couple of hours after lunch.
 Drive [noun]: a car journey
Example: Let’s go for a drive in the mountains.
 Family ties: [expression] a strong connection between members of a family
Example: Christmas is a time when people remember their family ties and visit
their relations.
 Keep in touch with [expression]: to maintain communication with someone
Example: After my neighbor moved, we still remained/kept in touch with each other.
 Selfish [adjective] : the quality of caring only about yourself rather than about other
people
Example: Don’t be selfish, leave some ice cream for your sister !
 Addicted [adjective]: spending all your free time doing something because you
enjoy it
Example: He is addicted to chess – he spends hours every day playing against the
computer.
 Work out [phrasal verb] to train the body by physical exercise
Example: I lost weight by working out at the gym.
 Bulk up [phrasal verb]: to make your body bigger and heavier, especially by
gaining more muscle
Example: This season he has bulked up to 230 pounds.
 Hustle and bustle [expression] busy and noisy activity
Example: I can’t stand the hustle and bustle of big cities – I prefer the peace and quiet
of the countryside.
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26. Describe a time you missed an important appointment for

something
You should say:

- What is that occasion

- How important it was
- Why did you miss it

There is a saying goes “Time is what we want most, but what we use worst”. I still did
not understand the message behind this saying to the fullest until the time it cost me
an arm and leg paying for the wastage of time. I missed a final interview for my dream
job due to not planning time carefully. After putting so many effort to prove myself
through many tough challenges from the recruiter, I was selected for the final interview
with the line manager to whom I was supposed to directly report to if I was the one
chosen. However, the interview took place at another city and I had no choice but
resorted to flying there. Everything would have been perfect if I had chosen to get on
board just one hour earlier. But things unfortunately didn’t go like that. I was missed
to take the traffic condition of that city into serious consideration. Although congestion
is a prevalent scenario in that city, I failed to add more time for the transportation and
got to the interviewing site 45 minutes late. Despite the fact that I was still given the
opportunity to talk with the Recruitment board, they in deed didn’t show many interest
in my part and just asked some questions for simplicity’s sake. There was absolutely
no excuse for mistake and my dream job just slipped away right in front of my eyes. It
took me almost a month berating myself for being careless in such an integral event.
However, it also opened my eyes to a precious lesson in life. That is be extra careful
whenever you do anything, the real trouble is you think you have time. Time is free for
everyone but you have to use every moment in the smartest way since once it’s gone,
you will never be able to take it back at any price.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

26.1. How often do you make appointments?
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I think it depends on what I have to do at the time. For example, when I was a first year
student, I didn’t have a part-time job, nor did I join any clubs at university, so I didn’t
have to make many appointments. But 2 years later when I became a member of the
Marketing Club, I had to make appointments every week for club meetings or my own
department’s meetings.
26.2. Is it important to be punctual in your country?
Yes, of course it is, but most of the time, people just don’t realize the importance of
being punctual. When someone is late for an appointment, they’re hardly judged
because it’s most likely that other people are late too. And gradually, one just forgets
the importance of punctuality and starts to think that being late is normal, until one
has a taste of one’s own medicine.
26.3. Is it easy to make an appointment in your country?
Well, it depends on the type of people you’re making appointments with, and sometimes
your social class as well. For example, if you’re an ordinary person and you need to
schedule an appointment with a top business executive, the process is gonna be long
and hard and the chances are that you won’t be able to meet him at all. Like you have
to get through to his secretary first and that secretary will have to squeeze you in a
time slot when the businessman has no schedule. But it’s a different case if you’re an
important partner or major client of that company, and then of course the process will
be much easier.

VOCABULARY
 To judge [v] to express a bad opinion of someone's behaviour, often because
you think you are better than them:
e.g. You have no right to judge other people because of what they look like or what
they believe.
 Punctuality [n] the fact of happening or doing something at the agreed or correct
time and not being late
e.g. He insists on regular attendance and punctuality.
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 A taste of one’s own medicine [idiom] the same bad treatment that you have
given to others
e.g. Let the bully have a taste of his own medicine.
 Social class [expression] position in the society:
e.g. People tend to judge each other based on their social class.
 Get through (to smb) [phrasal verb] make contact with somebody by phone:
e.g. I couldn’t get through to him, his phone was always busy.
 Squeeze smb/smt in [phrasal verb] to give time to somebody/something,
although you’re very busy:
e.g. If you come this afternoon, the doctor will try to squeeze you in.

27. Describe a team project for study or entertainment

You should say:

- What that project was

- What was your role in that project
- Who did you do it with
- What was the result

Being a senior at university, I have to say that team working is a commonplace

assignment that we need to complete in almost every module. Despite doing projects
like a thousand times, each new team working gives me various experiences and
lessons. Among those, the most memorable one would be the time that I was engaged
in during my second year at college. I would like to start by highlighting some points
about our main duty as well as the group’s structure. Well, the team, which consists of
5 members, has to cooperate with a local business to research and establish a plan for
expanding their market. The final report and presentation will be assessed by the
company’s management board and our professor. Since this project accounts for a
substantial part in our final module assessment, it took us quite a great deal of time to
planning and seeking for the appropriate approach. The very first thing we did was
dividing the team into two smaller groups. We had been delegated to a company that
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manufactured a wide range of bicycle accessories, therefore, two members in my team

would spend some time getting an insight into the company’s activities and operation,
while the other group took charge of doing market and competitors research. After that,
the team came together and assembled all the info, statistic, data that we had collected
and analyzed in order to come up with a brand-new sales module and promotion
campaign for the company. In the end, we fulfilled our presentation with flying colors
and it was very well – evaluated by the company we worked with. I have to say that
the projects like this one is precious opportunities for me to gain more realistic
experience and rules of thumbs that are usually non – transferable in conventional
classroom. It also the time for us to apply all the business theory to the real practice
of the corporate world.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

27.1. What kinds of qualities does a leader need?
Well, I suppose leaders need to possess a wide range of skills. First, they have to know
ways to inspire and motivate their followers. Second, they have to be the ones who are
willing to take responsibilities and criticism. Sometimes, their ego can hinder them
from being a great leader. Leadership skills also include their abilities to build
relationships. The stronger their relationships, the better a leader they will be.
27.2. What are the reasons for the failure of teamwork?
I reckon teamwork failure depends solely on the failure of that team’s leader. If the
leader has a short vision and makes misguided decisions, he or she will lead the whole
team into a mess. Moreover, the leader is the bridge between team member’s
relationships. Bad relationships result in weak communications and a lack of
networking with each other. Consequently, team members cannot work effectively
together. Apart from poor leadership skills, poor time management or poor budgeting
may also cause the whole team to fail.
27.3. Do children need to know more about teamwork?
Of course they do. Children need instruction in effective teamwork for a wide variety
of reasons. When learning about teamwork, not only are children learning to work as a
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team, they're also learning to actively listen and respond in a way that makes the group
effort more effective. It’s beneficial for their ability to interact socially. In addition to
that, working in a team helps children learn to reflect on their individual experience
versus the experience of the group. They often get feedback from their instructor and
other members of the group. Self-reflection contributes a lot to a child’s development.
27.4. Is cooperation more important than competition?
Actually, I can’t tell which one works better in general. On the one hand, by competing
against others and comparing ourselves with one another, we learn how to improve and
achieve success. On the other hand, in some cases, competition leads directly to hostility
and greed, both of which are the enemies of progress. Cooperation also has certain
advantages and disadvantages. The main strength is that cooperation provides the
chance to help other people and let them help you in return, while the biggest weakness
of cooperation is that the mass of members may lose interest and let a small clique take
over affairs and manage things for their own benefit. So, I would say that it depends
on each situation as to whether cooperation or competition is more important.

VOCABULARY
 inspire: [verb] to make someone feel that they want to do something and can do it:
Example: After her trip to Venezuela, she felt inspired to learn Spanish.
 hinder: [verb] to limit the ability of someone to do something, or to limit the
development of something:
Example: Her progress certainly has been hindered by her lack of experience.
 solely: [adverb] only and not involving anyone or anything else:
Example: He's solely in charge of the operation.
 Misguided: [adjective] wrong, because you have judged a situation badly:
Example: Her decision to quit her job is, in my opinion, misguided.
 Mess: [noun] a situation that is full of problems:
Example: The economy is in a mess as a result of government policies.
 Result in: [phrasal verb] lead to, bring about
Example: The fire resulted in damage to their property.
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 Self- reflection: [noun] careful thought about your own behavior and beliefs
Example: I often do some self-reflection when I’m alone.
 Clique: [noun] a group of people who spend their time together and exclude others:
Example: A small clique of corrupt politicians are running the country.
 Take over: [phrasal verb] to get control of something, or to do something instead
of someone else:
Example: She took over management of this department last winter.

28. Describe a place in other country that you would like to work/
visit
You should say:

- What is that place

- Why do you like to go to that place
- When will you go

Honestly speaking, I have a myriad of destinations on my must – visit list around the
world. However, if I have the opportunity to choose one city, I would probably pick
London, which is one of the most prominent capitals around the globe. I guess the
reason why I am desired to visit London has something to do with the fact that ever
since I was a kid, I have always been amazed by how gorgeous and unique the architects
in London are. There are also some interesting facts about London that I want to witness
in real life. One of them is the fact about Big Ben tower. So far, many people see the
tall clock tower and think that it is Big Ben. But in fact, Big Ben is a giant thirteen - ton
bell inside the tower that is rung every two hours by a two hundred - kilogram hammer.
The real name of the Bell is the Great Bell of Westminster. Buckingham Palace is also
so appealing to me since it is the home to the Queen of England and many tourists to
London says that enjoy watching the changing of the guard ceremony that takes place
in front of the Palace’s gate. There are many other elements that make London so
tempting to me. Pay this amazing city a visit in the future is one of the items in my wish
– list.
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QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

28.1. What kind of jobs are easy to get in a foreign country?
In today’s society, thanks to the great strides in technology, I think that jobs related to
this sector will be the easiest ones for expatriates to get in foreign countries.
Especially, in English-speaking countries, there are abundant jobs for IT employees
such as computer programmers or mobile app developers, regardless of their
nationalities, as long as they have sufficient qualifications and skills.
28.2. Should young adults work abroad?
Yes. It is useful for youngsters to take up a job abroad at least once, because they are
energetic and enthusiastic enough to experience new things that may be obstacles when
they get older.
Working overseas is a great opportunity for young people to meet different types of
people and gain global understanding of their industry. It also provides them with
experiences and skills that they would never get at home.
Not only that, most young people are energetic and adventurous; therefore working
abroad provides them with opportunities to travel more, and be exposed to different
cultures, which will result in higher level of knowledge and cultural sensitivity.
28.3. Why do many people want to work abroad?
There are various reasons behind the preference of people to work in foreign countries.
Firstly, working abroad is good for their personal growth. In addition to a higher salary,
moving overseas or even getting a temporary contract abroad will give people
opportunities to meet potential customers or partners who will help them further their
career.
Secondly, expatriates can experience new cultures and a greater mix of backgrounds
that will give them invaluable perspectives in all aspects of life, including work.

VOCABULARY
 Strides (noun): advances or improvements in the way that something is developing
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Example: Since I started at a new school, I have been making great strides in my
studies.
 Expatriate(s) (noun): a person living in a country that is not their own
Example: My family lived as expatriates in Hong Kong before I was born
 Abundant (adjective): existing in large quantities; more than enough
Example: We have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.
 Take up (phrasal verb): to start or begin something such as a job
Example: He takes up his duties next week as the head of the department.
 Experience (verb): to have a particular situation affect you or happen to you
Example: When I lived in Japan, I experienced a very different way of life.
 Obstacle (noun) a situation, an event, etc. that makes it difficult for you to
do or achieve something
Example: A lack of qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job.
 Adventurous (adjective): willing to take risks and try new ideas; enjoying being in
new, exciting situations
Example: For the more adventurous tourists, there are trips into the mountains with a
local guide.
 Be exposed to (expression): introduced to, not protected from
Example: I was exposed to a completely new culture when I first went to the USA.
 Sensitivity (noun): the ability to understand other people’s feelings
Example: She pointed out with tact and sensitivity exactly where he had gone wrong.
 Further (verb): to help something to develop and be successful
Example: Although the salary was low, she took the job to further her career by
learning all about the fashion industry.
 Invaluable (adjective): extremely useful Example: The research should prove
invaluable in the study of children's language.
 Perspective (noun): a way of thinking about something
Example: The book gave me a new perspective on Indian culture.

29. Describe a sport stadium that is important in your country

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You should say:

- What is that stadium’s name

- Why is it important
- What is that stadium used for

Honestly to tell the truth, I have to admit that I am not a big fan of sports as well as keen
on watching them through media channels. Therefore, the number of stadiums that I
know can be counted on the fingers of one hand. Among them, I would like to share
some facts about Paradise Stadium which is usually responsible for hosting lots of
important events in terms of national and international level. The first thing about this
stadium that I have to refer to is that it is a multi – purpose stadium located in a
suburban commune. Although this stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000, every
now and then, it is able to accommodate even a larger number of audiences. Since the
event of official grand opening in 2003, it has served as one of the most integral stadium
not only for the city but also for the whole country. Now with reference to the point of
what people usually come there to. Obviously, the chief purpose of coming to a stadium
is to encourage, support the events as well as immerge themselves into an energetic
atmosphere of sports. There is no doubt to confirm that Paradise Stadium is almost
irreplaceable due to its reputation and well – equipment. The proof is some essential
events namely the Olympics Games, and the Champions League were all hold at this
stadium. In addition, besides sports, it is also an ideal place for organizing various
events in terms of culture, economics and society.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

29.1. Where do people play sports?
It is common for people to play sports in the parks, on sports fields, and in gym clubs.
For example, on sports fields football, badminton and running are all popular, while in
the gym people can do various exercises using the equipment, such as running, walking
or weightlifting.
29.2. Are there many stadiums in your country?
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Yes. There are a wide range of stadiums of various scales. For example, in small cities,
we have small stadiums with a seating capacity for around 200 people or more. In big
cities, stadiums can seat thousands of people.
29.3. What are the benefits of having stadiums in the city?
Firstly, all-seater stadiums in urban areas are built to meet the spectators’ demand to
watch matches or sports competitions.
Secondly, the construction of stadiums will bring economic benefits to the city and the
country as a whole. New stadiums generate many jobs, in the construction phase. The
revenue of the city is also increased thanks to the tax from ticket sales and businesses
nearby the stadium.
29.4. Do you prefer indoor sports or outdoor sports?
I prefer outdoor sports to indoor ones because playing sport outside such as cycling or
mountain climbing allows me to breathe fresh air, in the countryside and to help ward
off any future respiratory problems . Best of all, it gives me a sense of freedom and
chances to make more friends.
29.5. What are the benefits of group sports?
Playing sports as a team brings various advantages. Besides health benefits, by taking
part in team sports, people can develop cooperation and teamwork skills,
socialinteraction skills, self-discipline, patience and persistence. They can also
overcome shyness and build confidence.
29.6. In what ways can children benefit from doing sports?
It is very advantageous for children to play sports. In addition to improving their
stamina and developing their muscles, they can build their confidence and
communication skills as they encounter many people who share their passion for sport.
29.7. Should young people try dangerous sports?
Personally, I think youngsters ought to play sports which are suited to their standard of
health. Even though dangerous sports such as heli-skiing and mountain climbing are
very appealing to most young people, they will be injured if they are not strong enough
and don’t have sufficient skills in those sports.
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Vocabulary
 Weightlifting (noun): the sport or activity of lifting heavy weights
Example: You have to be very strong to practise the sport of weightlifting, but it’s
a great way to build up your muscles.
 Seating capacity (noun) the maximum number of spectators that the stadium can
accommodate in seated areas
Example: Paradise Stadium has a seating capacity of 100,192 seats
 All-seater (adjective): in which every spectator has a seat
Example: Nobody will have to stand in the new stadium, it’s all-seater.
 Generate (verb): to produce or create something
Example: The proposal has generated a lot of interest.
 Phase (noun): a stage in a process of change, development or construction
Example: The new building is almost finished – it’s in the final phase of
construction.
 Revenue (noun): the money that a government receives from taxes or that an
organization, etc. receives from its business
Example: Advertising revenue finances the commercial television channels.
 Ward off (phrasal verb): to protect against danger, illness or attack
Example: Take Vitamin C to ward off colds and flu.
 Respiratory (noun): connected with breathing
Example: City dwellers tend to suffer from respiratory problems due to the air
pollution.
 Self-discipline (noun):
the ability to make yourself do something, especially something difficult or
unpleasant
Example: It takes a lot of self-discipline to go jogging in winter.
 Persistence (noun): the fact of continuing to try to do something despite difficulties,
especially when other people are against you and think that you are being annoying
or unreasonable
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Example: His persistence was finally rewarded when the insurance company agreed to
pay for the damage.
 Overcome (verb): to succeed in dealing with a problem that has prevented you from
doing something
Example: She overcame her fear of flying, and she now travels regularly by air.
 Advantageous (adjective): good or useful in a particular situation
Example: It you travel to the USA, it is advantageous if you know some English in
order to communicate with people there.
 Stamina (noun): physical strength to do some activity for a long time Example: It
takes a lot of stamina to run a marathon.
 Heli-skiing (noun): the sport of flying in a helicopter to a place where there is a lot
of snow on a mountain in order to ski there
Example: Dangerous sports like heli-skiing and mountain climbing are very appealing
to most young people.
 Appealing (adjective): attractive or interesting
Example: Brightly colored packaging made the pens especially appealing to children.
 Sufficient (adjective): enough for a particular purpose; as much as you need
Example: These reasons are not sufficient to justify the ban.

30. Describe an important holiday (or festival) that is celebrated in

your country
You should say:

- What is it
- Why it is important
- What do people usually do on that festival
- How important it is to your country

Talking of holiday and Celebration, I want to share more about New Year, which is one
of the most essential and widely celebrated festivals in my country. This is the occasion
that people celebrate with great joy, hope and festivity with their beloved ones. One of
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the most integral moments that is expected by all people is the stroke of midnight
according to Lunar Calendar. It is often celebrated with fireworks and people send each
other their best wishes for an awesome year ahead. In my country, people often get
careful preparation for Lunar New Year in order to ensure that every single thing is
perfect for welcoming a new year. On the last night of the year, people stay awake,
reunite with their family and wait for the very first sacred moments of the year.
According to the conventions, people dress smartly on the following days, pay their
relatives, friends a visit and send them the beautiful regards for the upcoming year. It is
also traditional in my country to go to sacred places like pagoda or churches with the
aim of praying for peace and happiness in the future. In people’s belief, red is considered
as the lucky color in the new year. That’s why people often choose to dress in vivid
color as the way to eliminate bad luck and welcoming good things. My country also
has some unique traditions like lucky money, preparing home – made food or
decorating home in the first days of the year. It is also a precious time for family reunion,
resolution and relaxation after a hard – working year.

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

30.1. Why is it important to protect traditions?
Well, each and every country has its own traditions, and it is these traditions that
distinguish one country from another. As a matter of fact, traditions not only represent
the people of a nation but they also reflect that nation’s history as well. Therefore, I
believe that if governments wish to promote patriotism and national pride, it’s essential
that customs are continually practised and adapted, so that they suit modern society
better yet remain relevant to the life of people.
30.2. What’s the most important tradition in your country?
I suppose one of the most important traditions is showing other people, especially the
elderly, respect by adding specific words into our speech and behaving in an appropriate
way. While some Westerners may see this as unnecessary and rather awkward, it is a
way of being polite and avoiding giving unintended offense for people in my country.
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In addition to this, there are other important traditions, such as exchanging red
envelopes on New Year or eating mooncakes during the Mid-autumn festival.
30.3. What kinds of traditions have disappeared in your country?
As society develops, some traditions have been done away with. For example, people
used to dye their teeth black in the past, but not in modern days anymore. This is
probably because of the difference in beauty standards now and then. While it was once
considered elegant to have black teeth, which entails having to dye them several times
to make them look smooth and shiny, these days, white and even teeth are what people
yearn for.
30.4. Why should children learn about traditions?
In my opinion, if children are informed about the traditions of their country, they’ll feel
stronger love and responsibility for the culture of their country. Moreover, it is young
children who will eventually be responsible for preserving traditions and passing them
down to future generations. If the young aren’t properly educated about traditional
customs, those customs will most likely disappear in the future.
30.5. What can governments do to protect traditions?
Well, I think there are several measures that governments can take. One way is to
maintain the celebration of traditional festivals and encourage people to take an active
part in them. It’s important to make sure that these festivals are not only celebrated
among local citizens but also known nationwide which, with the help of social media,
can now easily be done. Governments, especially those of developing countries, need
also to limit the impacts of globalisation on their culture to prevent traditional customs
from being replaced by foreign ones.

VOCABULARY
 Distinguish [verb]: to notice or recognize a difference between people or things
Example: I have trouble distinguishing the twins.
 Patriotism [noun]: love that people feel for their country
Example: They supported the war with a fierce patriotism.
 Relevant [adjective]: relating to a subject in an appropriate way
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Example: Make sure your answers during the interview are short and relevant or you
will lose marks.
 Awkward[adjective]: difficult to deal with and embarrassing
Example: There was an awkward pause in the conversation.
 Offense [noun]: something that causes a person to be hurt, angry, or upset
Example: Mary didn’t say hello and her teacher took it as an offense.
 To be done away with [expression]: to be got rid of, to be made to disappear
Example: A lot of the restrictions on imports have been done away with, so that it is
now easy to import goods.
 Entail [verb]: to cause or involve by necessity or as a consequence
Example: A lavish wedding entails extensive planning and often staggering expenses.
 Yearn [verb]: to feel a strong desire or wish for something or to do something
Example: Not having seen their families for months, the sailors out at sea yearned for
home..
 Preserve [verb]: to keep (something) in its original state or in good condition
Example: The fossils were well preserved so that they could be displayed in museums.
 Pass something down [expression]: to give knowledge or teach skills to your
children or to younger people
Example: These traditional stories have been passed down from parent to child over
many generations.
 Nationwide [adjective]: extending throughout the nation
Example: The murders attracted nationwide attention. Everyone was following the
news about these cases.

31. Describe an event that resulted in a positive change in your life/

describe a positive change that you made to your life.
Many things have changed since the last time I woke up just in time for lunch. That was
when I realized I had been wasting hundreds of mornings in the last few years without
accomplishing anything. It was a wakeup call which completely changed me. Now,
I’m an early riser and have been for more than 2 years.
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They say old habits die hard, which made perfect sense to me when I first started to
get rid of my unhealthy routine. There were so many temptations during night time
that kept me awake for hours. And it could be anything such as the latest episode of The
Walking Dead, a music video that you had been counting down for weeks to be released
or you simply just want to meet your deadline because you had been procrastinating
for a month and so on. As a result, going to bed after 1 or 2 AM was inevitable. It took
me long enough to fully aware of how destructive this sleeping habit could be for me,
both physically and mentally, especially in a long run. Therefore, I had no choice but to
give up that kind of toxic.

I have learnt a lot since starting waking up early in the morning. The key is starting
small and taking one step at a time. It was so tiresome and torturing at the beginning
that I tended to get irritated whenever anyone approached me about 10 minutes into my
running session. However, everything has its own way of getting better and so is my
temper. I now feel fully energized and extremely refreshing in the morning and even
more productive at work.

Vocabulary

- Accomplish: to succeed in doing or completing something

- early riser: person who wakes up early in the morning
- old habits die hard: People find it difficult to change their accustomed behavior
- make sense: to be clear and easy to understand
- get rid of: to remove or throw away something unwanted
- procrastinate: to delay doing something that you should do, usually because
you do not want to do it
- inevitable: that you cannot avoid or prevent
- tiresome: making you feel annoyed

QUESTION FOR PART 3

31.1. Is your country changing rapidly?

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According to data recorded, economic growth has reached nearly 7% on average in the
past few years so I do believe that our country is gearing up and on the right track to
build a better future. It can be seen in the number of skyscrapers are being built and
the quality of young workforce in comparison with those of many years before. We
are also attracting more and more potential investors and continue to establish and
consolidate strategic partnerships with countries within and outside the regions.

- gear up: to prepare for an activity or event

- on the right track: to be doing something in a way that will bring good results

- skyscraper: a very tall building in a city

- in comparison with: when compared with somebody/something

- consolidate: to make a position of power or success stronger so that it is more likely

to continue

31.2. What can smart phones do these days?

Smart phones are considered to be indispensable accessories to almost everyone in this

digital era due to its convenience and usefulness. Gone are the days when phones can
only be used to call or send messages, now they are changing the way we communicate,
work and entertain. They are equipped with high resolution cameras for users to capture
the moments in its finest. A wide range of applications assisting people in almost
everything from personal finance, education to stress-reducing provided by online app
stores are ready to be downloaded. With just one light touch on the screen, the world
will be in the palm of your hand.

- Indispensable: too important to be without

- communicate: exchange information

- in the palm of your hand: under your complete control

31.3. Since most people do work on their computers, why do they still need to go
to the office?
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Personally, I believe it depends on their company’s policy to ensure the communication

flow and easy access to needed resources. Most people don’t have self-discipline,
which means they are unable to accomplish their tasks without constant supervision or
tend to procrastinate until the deadline. This can cause serious trouble and have
detrimental effect on the whole project, especially if it’s a teamwork. Therefore, even
though people can work remotely from home, companies still do not take risk when it
comes to business.

31.4. Do you think people’s work in the future will be heavily affected by
technology?

There is no doubt that would be the case, I suppose. We don’t need to look further to
realize that machinery is taking over almost everything that used to need manual labor.
Since Henry Ford adopted assembling technique in mass production back in the 20th
century, the number of employees working in areas where technology could do 10 times
more efficiently has been dropping. Hence, with the speed of innovations being
introduced to the world now, we should be embraced for the impact coming from
technology regarding our jobs in the near future.

- There is no doubt that: undoubtedly

- manual labor: physical work done by people

- adopt: to accept or start to use something new

- innovation: a new idea or method

- embrace: to accept something enthusiastically

31.5. Compare the pace of technological progress in the past and in the present.

As far as I am concerned, the pace of technological advancement in the present has

completely outstripped that in the past. Take iPhone for example. Every year, a new
version of iPhone is launched to meet Apple’s users’ expectation. Sometimes, not one
or two, but three different versions at the same time such as iPhone 6, iPhone 6S and
iPhone 6S Plus. There are not only changes in their appearances with new colors or
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wider screens, the software is also upgraded with more advanced features. Therefore,
in comparison with the past, technology nowadays is moving with lightning speed.

- advancement: progress

- outstrip: be faster, better or more successful

32. Describe a piece of good news that you received.

Speaking of good news reminds me of the moment I received an offer letter to attend a
national conference for young leaders and individuals who are passionate about
international affairs last summer. The program called Youth Model United Nations was
held in NY City 3 days and was one of the most exciting journeys I’ve ever experience.
It’s safe to say that being elected as one of the candidates for a national scale event
where brilliant, dynamic and ambitious young people gathered gave me some sense of
confidence and satisfaction. The recruitment process was not terribly complicated
but highly competitive. We had been through 3 different rounds where we were tested
about our knowledge of international affairs in general, our solutions for various issues
like environment and sustainable energy as well as English proficiency. Though it
required time and effort to actually get tuned into the world’s current status and to
provide relevant answers, the result was immensely rewarding. I recalled it was 9PM
in the evening and our family were all in the living room for some quality time when I
got an email from the organizer. I was speechless, then shouted my heart out because
that was a fully-funded trip and I would be able to travel alone for the very first time.
Even though my parents had been worried and against it at first, I managed to convince
them that if they didn’t allow me to step out of my comfort zone and explore the world,
I would forever dream small and be small. Eventually, everything went smoothly and
the conference was a blast. It was an eventful and memorable 3-day adventure where I
made friends with people from diverse backgrounds and became more independent in
every decision and action that I took – a better version of myself. Hence, I wouldn’t
mind receiving good news like this more often in the future.
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Vocabulary

- Passionate: having or showing strong feelings of enthusiasm for something or

belief in something
- Competitive: used to describe a situation in which people or organizations
compete against each other
- Rewarding: worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it is useful
or important
- Shout one’s heart out: to shout with vigor or intensity
- Eventful: full of things that happen, especially exciting, important or dangerous
things

QUESTION PART 3

32.1. How do people share good news?

Good news is meant to be spread wide and far. Accordingly, everyone does that,
especially with their beloved ones first. However, the way in which they share it may
vary from person to person and depend on what kind of news it is. One of the fastest
one to disseminate information, or in this case, good news these days is via social
media, the internet-based platform that has transformed the way in which people
communicate. Facebook, Twitter or Instagram are widely used for this kind of purpose.

- disseminate: to spread information, knowledge, etc. so that it reaches many people

32.2. How does modern technology affect the delivery of information?

Technology basically affects everything we come across in this modern world and the
advance of artificial intelligence somehow arises some concerns, too. However, its
advantages seem to outweigh its drawback, especially regarding how information is
being delivered. Prior to the advent of smartphones or portable tablets, people used to
rely mostly on newspaper or printed materials to get updated with all the latest events
around the world. But that’s ancient history. Now, you have 24/7 access to all kinds of
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information you want with only a click, not only news but academic knowledge
provided by different kinds of online courses and apps. How convenient!

- artificial intelligence: an area of study concerned with making computers copy

intelligent human behavior

- outweigh: to be greater or more important than something

32.3. What kinds of good news have you received before?

Well, to be honest, good news is just good news no matter what kind it is, at least to me.
Through my 20-something years of existence, the majority of good news I received
were those related to my studying. Not that I meant to brag but truth to be told, I was
excel at school and had always been in the group of students with best performance. In
other words, I was a nerd. Therefore, more often than not, I was chosen to represent
my class or school to compete in many contests for students in subjects like literature,
English or biology. Together with other teammates, we brought home quite a few
prestigious prizes that made our families, teachers and friends extremely proud.

- represent: to act or speak officially for somebody and defend their interests

33. Describe something special that you saved money to buy.

It was my mom’s fiftieth birthday that my sister and I managed to surprise her with our
gift – an exclusive emerald green scarf tailor-made by the most renowned tailor in
town.

Mom is the most warm-hearted and forgiving person I’ve ever known and should be
given “Mom of the Year” award if there is one. However, since there isn’t, my sister
and I decided to give her the best she deserved when she turned 50 – a truly milestone
in one’s lifetime and it was her birthday after all. Therefore, we started saving money
from our part-time jobs 4 months before D-day and met up with Joe – the talented tailor
who was most well-known for his remarkable collection of beautifully handmade
scarfs: from silk to wool with a variety of unique patterns. Our choice was the long and
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emerald one which was made in silk charmeuse, allowing it to show off saturated colors
so well. The smooth texture felt like a soft touch on your skin and depending on how
you tied it, you could emphasize on the shiny side or the matte. We chose it not only
because of its elegance and affordability in comparison with others but also its usage.
It matched perfectly with different kinds of clothes and was not too thick for daily use
in a tropical country.

Our mom fell in love with the scarf at first sight because it was in her favorite color or
simply just because we were her favorites in the whole world. She bragged about it to
all her friends and family days after that and we didn’t mind, not even the slightest as
there was nothing as precious as the smile that lit up her face.

Vocabulary

- exclusive: of a high quality and expensive and therefore not often bought or used by
most people

- tailor-made: made for a particular person or purpose, and therefore very suitable

- renowned: famous and respected

- remarkable: unusual or surprising in a way that causes people to take notice

- elegance: the quality of being attractive and well designed

- affordability: the fact of being cheap enough that people can afford to buy it or pay
it; how affordable something is

- brag: to talk too proudly about something you own or something you have done

QUESTIONS FOR PART 3

33.1. What can parents do to teach children to save money?

Children are quick learners and can be easily affected by others’ behaviors. Therefore,
it’s both a simple and challenging task at the same time to teach them anything,
including how to efficiently manage their budget. Since we all learn through imitating
and replication, the most practical way is to set a good example and be open to
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conversation. For instance, parents shouldn’t overspend if they want their children how
to save money. Occasional exception like Christmas can be accepted, but other than
that, no. Parents can even talk to them about financial management and do not
underestimate your kids since they may understand more than we believe they can.

33.2. Why do young people tend to waste money?

First of all, because they are young. Youngsters nowadays usually justify their financial
issues with the YOLO philosophy which means “you only live once”. Since life is too
short and aint nobody got time to waste, they tend to spend much more than they can
earn, buying unnecessary things they barely afford to enjoy the best out of life.
Secondly, that is not even their money, but their parents’. Therefore, they don’t value
the effort behind those bills and keep throwing them out of the window as long as it
suits them.

33.3. What kinds of things do people like to buy in your country?

I can’t tell for sure what the overall consumer behavior is like, but one thing everyone
can notice is that just like most of other nationalities people is obsessed with high-tech
devices, especially smartphones and tablets. The sales volume of such digital gadgets
has significantly increased over the past few years, together with the proliferations of
mobile stores. From my experience and observation, Apple’s products are in high
demand among the middle-class, which can be proven by the moment you step into
any coffee shops in Madrid City where iPhones and MacBooks are of various types and
colors.

33.4. Do schools teach anything about financial management?

Unfortunately, I have to say no, or at least it is what I know. Only after students attend
university, are they going to be introduced to finance and anything related. That is if
they go to schools of economics, other than, I can’t guarantee, which is actually a sad
truth. Since financial management is so important in how youngsters will shape their
mind and prepare for the future, such subject should be taught at high schools as one of
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the most essential skills that allow students to deal with any issue related to money at
the early age.

33.5. What is it necessary to teach teenagers to manage money?

There are many topics to cover when it comes to financial management, I suppose.
However, for students, I believe teaching them about the labor value, financial stability
and independence is more crucial. Teenagers maybe a little young to understand how
hard their parents have to work to afford the whole family but it would help if we let
them do some voluntary or part-time jobs for them to have a closer look of where money
comes from. From there, they would learn how not to overspend and take any amount
of money for granted.

33.6. How do parents give pocket money in your country?

Frankly speaking, it heavily depends on each family and their lifestyles. Some parents
grant their children a specific amount of allowance daily or weekly which they can
spend on snacks or necessary learning materials and stationery when needed. Others
may not give at all since their kids already are fully provided with lunch boxes and
everything else.

34. Describe a good part of your personality or character.

Frankly speaking, nobody is perfect and I ain’t no exception. I, as well as others, am

acutely aware of many flaws within myself and have been working hard to improve
them as well as to strengthen the other good parts, one of which I am fiercely proud of
is my non-judgmental attitude.

The state of being non-judgmental is not to pass judgement on anyone or anything too
quickly without full acknowledgement. It’s an unhealthy habit as well as a sign of
people with fixed mindset that hinders them from truly perceive the surroundings as
what they are. Therefore, I try to avoid it at all cost, which is not impossible because,
fortunately, it has imprinted in my mind at early age that everything has its own reason
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for existence. An ability to be fair and to reserve my comments on everything around

has opened up my eyes and afforded me an opportunity to actually reach out to people
and learn about their inner desire and motivation. For example, if you have a classmate
who breaks the school’s record for the number of times him being late, you could
presume that he is a lazy boy who spends the whole night playing Play Station 4.
However, little do you know that he wakes up at 4.00AM every morning to deliver milk
and newspapers in a nearby neighborhood. No, you don’t. You just want to be right and
don’t have a heart to dig deeper. That’s exactly where things go wrong. As a result, I’ve
made a promise to myself that no matter what the situation is, I would look into it with
the eye of an outsider, someone who can view it in different angles.

Admittedly, it’s easier said than done. Once in a while, your emotion will cloud your
common sense. Still, practicing non-judgmental attitude is one step closer to perfection.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

34.1. What kinds of characteristics are common in modern society?

People in modern world tend to have bigger vision, curiosity and ambition than those
of the earlier days. Youngsters no longer limit themselves in four walls but reaching out
to explore the world with endless energy and passion. With constant effort and firm
determination, we are now experiencing considerable changes resulted from thousands
of innovations and disruptions every second, which leads us to where we are now. If it
hadn’t been for those remarkable traits, we wouldn’t have ever gone this far.

34.2. What qualities should a good teacher have?

If you ask me, inspiring and tolerate are the most desirable characteristics I find in any
teachers. There is nothing more encouraging and motivational than having a teacher
who constantly stimulates and challenges students by providing two-way
conversations and conveying meaningful messages through his or her lectures. As we
all know, teenagers are troublemakers, therefore, the one who can overlook the
impulsive acts and guide them back on track with pure compassion will definitely win
them over.
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34.3. Do you think parents' characters can affect young people's development?

There is no doubt parents’ characteristics can have profound influences on their

children’s development, particularly in their formative years of childhood. What they
say and how they do things will probably be duplicated by their kids without their
acknowledgement. If parents are caring, supportive and tolerate, their children may
consider them their peers and be open with them about their hopes and concerns. Since
love and care are what the kids know, they will treat others with the same manners. On
the contrary, if children are neglected or inappropriately treated at home, they couldn’t
care less about what happens to others.

34.4. Would you like to develop a specific personality in the future?

Nobody is perfect and neither am I. There are many things I need to work on to improve
myself, personally and professionally, one of which I would like to deal with most is
my procrastination. I have a tendency to put everything off and wait until I have an
urge or enough motivation to kick start myself, which has proven to be extremely
dangerous sometimes. Once I almost missed a deadline of my final thesis for graduation
just because of my laziness and, of course, procrastination. They say old habits die hard,
especially the bad one, but I’ll try my best to get rid of that unhealthy style of working.

35. Describe a person who you like to spend time with.

I’m grateful to have such a supportive family and a large circle of friends who are
always be there for me no matter what. I spend most of my free time surrounded with
my beloved friends and family. Even though I love them all to the moon and back, my
younger sister, Jade, is the one that’s closest to me.

Jade is seven years younger than me, which might create some sense of generation gap,
yet, we still get along well, or at least most of the time. She is in high school now and
has a dream of becoming a doctor one day. In term of appearance, we have little in
common. By that I mean while I’m kind of tall, she’s relatively short; while I take after
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my father, she’s my mom’s splitting image. Same thing with our characteristics. I am
people-oriented and a true free spirit, Jade, on the contrary, is quite introverted and
into stability. Hence, that came as a huge surprise when others acknowledge our strong
bond. We’re like 2 sides of the same coin.

No matter how different we are, we have never neglected or abandoned each other. In
fact, we are partners in crime in so many impulsive and silly acts that our family has
lost count. Once, I tried to play the victim with my uncle as I accidentally broke a crystal
vase that my aunt adored, Jade backed me up as we put the blame on our poor cousin.
What a shameful act! But that was years ago and we learnt our lesson in a hard way.
Another time when my sister’s teacher asked to meet our parents because Jade had
ditched class. To her defense, that subject was boring and I was the one who talked to
her teacher. In the end, Jade had to serve more time at the library and we kept this from
our parents and so were other things. We got each other’s back and we always will
because that’s what sisters do and simply because I love her.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

35.1. How do you usually spend your spare time?

To be honest, I barely have free time between work and study these days. However,
whenever I need a break from work or try to loosen myself a little bit, I always turn to
music. Music is my religion, so to speak and I don’t know what I would do without it.
No matter how awful my day has been or how deliriously happy I am with my new
project, music always gets my mood. It offers comfort when I feel down with some
smooth melodies and celebrates my success with hard beats, totally understanding.
Hence, it is safe to say music is my soulmate.

35.2. Why do some young people dislike living with old people?

The most common reason might be a large generation gap between youngsters and their
senior citizen in terms of mindsets and living style. To be more precise, young people
are more open-minded and always up for adventures in comparison to the elder. They
live bolder, act more impulsively and refuse to settle for anything less than freedom and
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big dream while their grandparents are more careful in every decision and take into
account possible consequences before making any move. Hence, when living together,
they can hardly reach any mutual consent in any aspect. However, there are also
exceptions where 2 or 3 generations living in harmony under the same roof.

35.3. What do you usually do when you hang out with your friends?

Well, the kinds of activities can vary depends on which groups of friends I hang out
with. If they are my best friends whom I’ve known most of my life, we will undoubtedly
do silly things together regardless how ridiculous it would look on us. For example, one
time, we were playing truth or dare when I was forced to stand in the middle of the road
singing my heart out Justin Timberlake’s songs. It was one of the most embarrassing
moments of my life and of course, as what best friends always did, they recorded it and
replayed occasionally anytime we got bored. Though it was distinctly sheepish, it was
how we enjoyed our company whenever we hung out.

35.4. Do you like to spend time on your own or with your family/friends?

I would say I enjoy both equally. I don’t consider myself an extrovert but I love being
surrounded by people, whether they’re my family, friends or just someone I meet at a
social gathering. I find it intriguing to communicate and get to know people no matter
who they are or what their political standpoint is since every individual I talk to gives
me a different perspective of life. Therefore, I don’t mind spending time with others.
However, whenever I feel the need to contemplate myself or just want to get away
from reality, I prefer being on my own.

35.5. What are the advantages of living with old people?

Old people are like living dictionaries packed with endless stories about lifetime
experience and wide bread of knowledge. Though born and raised in different social
context, they can always provide youngsters with practical pieces of advice and be a
valuable reference sources whenever we are in need. For example, if you get bored with
all the facts and dates listed in history books, which are highly informative, yet, tedious,
turn to your grandparents and get ready to be inspired by their personal insights and
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authentic experience. No one knows the stories better than those who have been
through it.

35.6. Should young adults live on their own?

In my opinion, adolescences who have reached their maturity should live apart from
their families to be more emotionally and financially independent. This kind of practice
is more common in European and American countries compared to their Asian
counterparts, which can be explained by traditional lifestyles and mindsets. However,
the number of Asian youngsters moving out of their parents’ houses are growing
substantially since living on their own not only force them to be more responsible with
their lives from washing their own dishes to ironing their clothes, but also offer them
certain freedom to pursue what they want.

36. Describe an item that you received and made you happy.
I received a mail box two days after my eighteenth birthday from my best friend who is
now residing in England. It was an utter surprise since I thought she had forgotten it
because she didn’t once mention it during our conversion the previous night. What
inside the box intrigued me more. It was a book called “How to win friends and
influence people” by Dale Carnegie, one of the most classic books of all time and has
been my bible ever since.
The book was first published about 60 years ago but still holds the same value until
today. It was also one of the most influential self-help books that provided wonderful,
yet practical advice on how to become a social person who earned respect from as well
as was well-liked by others. My version was the 14th edition with a hard, black cover
which was engraved with the title in gold script. The book comprised 6 main sections,
each focusing on one aspect varying from handling people, presenting yourself in a
proper way to influencing others. Those were timeless lessons that were widely applied
on a daily basis as and especially formal occasions.
There was plenty to take out from “How to win friends and influence people” but the
one thing that I found most applicable and everyone should practice it was “6 ways to
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make people like you”. It might sound as easy as pie and inevitable truth like smiling
and being a good listener, however, few had mastered it or took it seriously since they
failed to acknowledge the importance of simple but powerful act. I’ve read the book
countless time but still struggled to bring those philosophies into life. But practice
makes perfect.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

36.1. What type(s) of shop would you recommend a visitor to your country should
go to? (Why?)
If travelers ever want to have an authentic and unforgettable experience during their
journey, I would highly recommend they pay a visit to traditional markets or food
stands on the street to have a taste of true street foods, which are not only diverse in
types and flavors, but also signature features of cuisine. Street vendors will also offer
visitors a wide range of delicious dishes and true dining experience.
36.2. Do you ever buy anything on the internet?
I reckon that most of clothing items I have ever bought are from Lazada, an online
fashion shop where you can find basically everything you need to become a stylish lady.
From sexy little black dresses for partying to formal blouses for day life at office,
Lazada won’t let you down. Since e-commerce and online shopping has become a
trend thanks to its convenience and optimal user experience, I no longer spend 30
minutes driving to any clothing shops and another 2 hours choosing and trying on
everything. In fact, with only my laptop and a cup of coffee, I can easily shop from
home with even more choices. Internet really works magic.
36.3. What do you think are the advantages of buying things on the internet?
Online shopping has prevailing in a past few years for reasons. First and foremost,
buying online is incredibly time-saving. Well, obviously, time is considered the most
precious asset that everyone has but many have taken for granted. Instead of spending
hours driving to your favorite malls to get some new clothes of the latest collection,
your problem can be solved with only Internet connections and, of course, your fine
taste in fashion. No energy is needed, either. Secondly, you always have best deals
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when subscribing to any online stores, which can save you tons of money that you even
notice. Some shops even offer exclusive promotions for loyal customers, therefore, get
ready for special treats. Lastly, you can easily switch from site to site to have even
more choices without moving anything but your fingers. How awesome is that.
36.4. Are there any disadvantages (or dangers) of buying on the internet? (What?)
Every cloud has a silver lightning. Online shopping, in particular and e-commerce in
general are true advancement in modern world, however, their drawbacks couldn’t be
overlooked. It is widely known that there is no such thing as 100% nowadays, cyber
security included. No less than once or twice have I heard about users’ information has
been leaked, which can cause serious trouble to customers who are using that
company’s products or services. Another concern should also be taken into account is
overspending due to constant exposure to products of preference. By this I mean
technology has advanced to the point that any shopping sites, especially social media,
all have algorithm that can track your shopping habits and keep reminding you not to
miss their latest items that might attract you. What a clever, yet annoying tool at the
same time.
36.5. Do you like window shopping? (Why?/Why not?)
I must say I am not a big fan of window shopping no matter how shopaholic I am.
Window shopping can only worsen my financial status rather than helping. Admittedly,
it pleases your eyes when looking at gorgeous clothing and fancy handbags, yet, it’s too
much a temptation that not anyone can resist. As a result, you end up being drown in
debt just because the urge to become a trendy lady gets a better hold of you than your
modest budget. Hence, as I know myself well enough to understand that would be my
reaction towards anything that is pretty, I would rather stay home than window
shopping.
36.6. In your country, how has shopping changed in the past few decades?
Just like any other parts of the world, Singapore has experienced dramatic changes in
customers’ behavior when it comes to shopping. One of the striking features of
shopping habits these days is people tend to buy things online and get them delivered
to their houses, regardless what kinds of items. It could be pizzas, clothing or kitchen
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appliances. Besides, international trade has afforded customers easy access to a wider
range of products and services which are not only from domestic suppliers but foreign
ones as well. Lots of items have been imported to meet the demand of users within the
country, ranging from food and beverage, cosmetics, cars and so on.
36.7. Do you think people spend too much time (or money) on shopping?
(Why?/Why not?)
I can’t tell for sure because the amount of time spent on shopping varies among different
people. Nevertheless, thanks to the advent of Internet and online shopping, that amount
might be relatively less than it used to be. Besides, people seem to be busier and their
schedules get tighter with much more important tasks other than shopping itself.
Therefore, I don’t think shopping is people’s priority or anything more than a necessary
deed to get on with life.
36.8. What kinds of people spend an excessive amount of time or money on
shopping?
There is no doubt that people who spend an excessive amount of time or money on
shopping are those with purchasing power and time to spare. In other words, they are
of high-income class and love to pamper themselves with qualified products and
premium services. They, regardless gender, are people with fine taste and know what
they want. They can sacrifice hours just to choose a dress or suit, which can cost a
fortune just to attend an opening party.

37. Describe an antique or some other old thing that your family
has kept for a long time.
Settled in my family’s jewelry box is the old-fashioned, yet astonishing pearl necklace
that belonged to my great grandmother. It has been there for quite a long time as a
family heirloom on my mom’s side, which, I guess, would become mine when the time
comes. Though I haven’t seen neither my Grannie nor my mom wear it, the necklace
still holds an underlying meaning and is always treated with greatest care and love.

The pearl necklace is super classic and simple, just like what it represents: pure beauty.
The strand was hand-strung with a notch between each pearl to avoid them rubbing
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against each other. Even though it has been carefully preserved, the shiny surface of
each pearl is no longer at its best; instead, a few scratches have appeared and the bright
white color has started to get dull. It was on our great grandparents’ wedding that my
great grandfather presented his beloved wife this precious gift and it immediately
became her favorite. She wore it whenever there was an occasion, which means
practically every time she went out. This was proven by the number of pictures we
found her wearing the chain years later. My Grannie inherited it after her mom passed
away but almost never touched it unless to clean or move it from box to box. She said
she wanted to keep its true spirit and the beautiful story behind as it was meant to be.
As a result, years has gone by but that delicate pearl chain has always stayed untouched
inside the jewelry box and will still be there in many years to come as a sign of respect
and reminder of the good old days.

Vocabulary:

 Astonishing (adj) very surprising, amazing

Example: It’s astonishing how much the place has changed.

 Heirloom (noun) a valuable or special possession that has belonged to a family

for many years
 underlying meaning (expression) are the real or basic meaning, although they
are not obvious or directly stated

Example: The underlying meaning of the book has been ignored.

 inherit (verb) to receive property or money from someone who has died
Example: He inherited the business from his father.
 delicate (adj) attractive with many small details
Example: a delicate floral design always attracts me.

QUESTION FOR PART 3

37.1. Which do you think are better, old things or new things?
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Everything has its own value, together with its own meaning, I believe. Old things
remind us of our past and tradition, while newer things are embodiment of
advancement and innovation. That’s why vintage style has never gone out of date,
whether in fashion or interior design. On the other hand, modern devices are providing
significant benefits for users. Take iPhone for instance. Every year, a new version is
introduced to the world with different features and better applications, which is
obviously a plus.

Vocabulary:

 Embodiment (noun) someone or something that is the best possible example of

a particular idea, quality, or principle, especially a good one

Example: He is the very embodiment of kindness.

 Out of date (adj) old and no longer suitable for modern processes, purposes, or
methods

Example: Out-of-date film for camera was sold to photographers with cheaper price.

37.2. As well as family photographs, what are some other things that people keep
in their family for a long time?

Besides family photographs, heirlooms such as antique jewelries and diaries are
probably some of the most popular things that have usually been passed down from
generation to generation. Our ancestors often tended to leave something valuable and
unique to their successors not only because they wanted to give what would be best for
their children but also to remind them of the true owner along with his or her stories.
There will be time when our memories about those stories fade away but the piece of
antique object is still there as a constant reminder for our families’ tradition and history.

Vocabulary:

Antique (adj) an old object such as a piece of furniture or jewellery that is valuable
because it is rare, beautiful, or well made
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Pass down (verb) to give knowledge or teach skills to your children or to younger
people

Example: These traditional stories have been passed down from parent to child over
many generations.

Successor (noun) used about someone who continues the work of someone who came
before them

37.3. What are the benefits (=What is the value/what is the importance) of keeping
some old things in the family?

As mentioned above, old things bear great meanings and some stories that are worth
sharing about our ancestors. Nothing works better in reviving such historical events in
the most authentic and emotional fashion than a part of the events itself. Therefore,
these heirlooms play an important part in keeping such stories alive and ensure
memories of our great great grandparents will never get lost.

37.4. Do you think it's good to recall the past?

People always say “Past is a nice place to visit but certain not a good place to stay”,
which I couldn’t agree more. Some might think we should just move on with our lives
without looking back since our pasts are full of mistakes and painful experience.
However, if it hadn’t been for what we had been through in our journey to the present,
where would we have been? Therefore, I believe, sometimes it’s a healthy practice to
contemplate yourself, not only about the present or the future but the past as well
because you may realize things you might have overlooked when you were less mature
as you are right now.

Contemplate (verb) look at or think very carefully about something for a long time

Example: I haven’t got time to sit around contemplating the meaning of life.

38. Describe a time when you made a mistake.

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To be honest, I have lost count on how many times I have acted on impulse and caused
troubles for not only me but also others. One time when I was in high school, I played
truant from class for a week and finally got caught at an Internet store nearby playing
Audition, the most popular online game among teenagers during that time.

It was an embarrassing and forgettable experience when you were escorted by the
school’s supervisor all the way from the Internet store to the principal’s room. It was
even worse when all of that happened in broad daylight when everyone could see and I
could have sworn my face was as red as a lobster. That was not my first time absent
from school but was the first time I got caught and my parents were involved.
Fortunately, they didn’t make a fuss about it in public but kept regard me with
disappointment and suppressed anger in their eyes, which made me felt guilty and
ashamed at the same time for my thoughtless action. The exchange with the principal
was swift, yet serious when I got an after-school detention for a week and had to work
on all of my assignments the week before.

After everything had been sought out at school, it was kind of tense on our way home.
Unlike what I had expected, my parents didn’t raise their voice or keep nagging me
about my misconduct. On the contrary, we had a so-called “peer to peer” conversation
in which we shared our concerns. After all, I learnt my lesson the hard way and truly
appreciated my parents’ reaction when dealing with a teenage girl like me. Bottom line
is our parents love us no matter what, therefore, I’ve tried ever since to give them less
headache.

Vocabulary:

Play truant (phrase) to stay away from school without permission

Example: Parents often don’t know their children are playing truant.

Escort (verb) go somewhere with another person to protect them or to prevent them
from escaping

As red as a lobster (expression) very red

Make a fuss about (expression) become angry or complain

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QUESTION PART 3

38.1. What should teachers do when students make mistakes?

Teachers have their own methods when dealing with different types of students. Those
who tends to be rebels often receive more severe punishment, while those who rarely
make mistakes can easily get off the hook. Still, I think no matter how naughty or
disobedient students might be, the way teachers communicate their messages or
penalties are all that matter. Teenagers usually behave inappropriately to seek attention,
to show off or to drag themselves out of boredom. The reasons are varied and that’s
what teachers should care about. Once they understand the source of the issue, they can
have straightforward conversation with their students and have higher chances to get
through their stubborn minds than just imposing punishment on them.

Disobedient (adj) deliberately not obeying rules

Show off (phrasal verb) to boast; to show people something that you are very proud
of so that they will admire it

Example: Young musicians will get the chance to show off their musical skills.

Straightforward (adj) clear and honest

Impose something on someone (expression) to give someone something unpleasant

to deal with

Example: This new tax is imposing an unfair burden on employers.

38.2. What can people learn from mistakes?

I have to say they can learn a lot from what they have done in the past. We can consider
them mistakes, or simply a life lesson and in either way, it would be best to look at them
with a positive attitude and an open mind. Learning process happens with trial and
error so once you’ve made mistakes, whether it was work-related or relationship issues,
you would acknowledge the cause and learn from it, more or less. For example, if you
failed to meet the deadline of your previous project because of your procrastination,
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learn how to manage your time and try something out to kick start yourself any time
you get demotivated or the like.

Trial and error (phrasal noun) experimenting until a solution is found

Demotivate (verb) to make someone lose their enthusiasm and interest

38.3. Do you often make mistakes?

There’s no way I could ever say no since I am a true troublemaker. Making wrong
decisions appears to be my talent, both in my professional and personal life. Yet, thanks
to those wrongly made choices, I’ve learnt to be less gullible and more efficient in most
of the things I do now. There was a time when I would say “yes” to practically anything
anyone told me to since they were my friends, my bosses or my colleagues. It could be
sending an email for somebody, working a little late or on weekend or just hanging out
with friends. I was so stressed out with all the requests I got that I barely had time for
myself. Fortunately, I realized my mistake soon enough and learnt how to say “no” to
people and to prioritize on what I care and love doing.

Troublemaker (noun) someone who causes problems, often by being violent or by

making others argue or not obey people in authority

Gullible (adj) a gullible person is easy to trick because they trust and believe people
too easily

38.4. Can mistakes help people to be more successful?

That’s the truth which has been proven by so many successful people around the world.
Mistakes and failures are meant to be obstacles that you need to overcome in order to
have a taste of glory and those who can’t walk through the fire line will forever stand
still. “Fire proves gold, adversity proves men”. Thomas Edison is a prime example.
If he hadn’t had a will to try no less than 10,000 times, he would never have come up
with new solutions and finally invented a light bulb, a significant breakthrough in
mankind history. Hence, don’t afraid to be wrong if you truly want to advance.

Obstacle (noun) a difficulty or problem that prevents you from achieving something
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Example: Disabled people succeed in overcoming many obstacles in everyday life.

Breakthrough (noun) a discovery or achievement that comes after a lot of hard work

Example: Scientists predict a major breakthrough within six months.

38.5. How to avoid making mistakes?

From my point of view, it’s nearly impossible to avoid making mistakes, especially in
areas you don’t familiarize with. However, there are some certain measures we can
take to minimize possible consequences to an acceptable extent. Firstly, do your own
research. If you have no idea what you’re dealing with, it will be like going to wars
unarmed. As a result, find out as much information as you can about the issue. Secondly,
ask the right person the right question. If someone in your friend circle has knowledge,
or better yet, personal experience related to what you’re working on, don’t waste such
a valuable source of reference. Lastly, just go with it. That may sound useless but after
you’re done with those previous steps, don’t hesitate to jump into action. The faster
you start to work on it, the less nervous you become.

Work on something (phrasal verb) used for saying that you are dealing with
something

Example: Don’t worry about that, I’m working on it.

Hesitate (verb) to pause before doing something

Example: My mother never hesitates to tell me when I look bad.

39. Describe a big company that you would like to work in.
It’s every girl’s wish to be surrounded by beautiful clothes and latest shoes of the
season, especially with recognized fashion brands, which is why I’ve always dreamed
of working in a fashion company, Nasty Gal in particular, where my creativity and
passion in contributing to women’s image could be fulfilled.
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Nasty Gal has been one of the fastest growing retailers in fashion over the past 10 years
and its founder – Sophia Amoruso is also a heroine in my heart. I am deeply impressed
by how she started the company and build up her reputation. She even has her own
podcast called #GirlBoss where she interviews other entrepreneurial women who are
also successful and true feminists on how and what they do to be at where they are
today. With such an inspirational and quintessential girl boss like Amoruso, there’s
no reason any girl wouldn’t want to be at Nasty Gal. In addition, the said fashion empire
is also renowned for its trendy, sexy yet classy and total badass collection at the same
time, which is also my style when choosing clothing.

However, everything always has two sides. Working in fashion industry would be tough
and stressful due to its competitiveness and supreme fast-paced characteristics. You
are required to have a fine taste in fashion and a keen eye for what’s popular or what’s
potential to become popular to ride the fashion trend and wouldn’t get lagged behind.
Creativity and personal touch are just as important to deliver not only qualified but
unique products as well. Therefore, those who crave challenges and love to push
themselves to the limit like me are best suited for this kind of job and the like. Hopefully,
when Nasty Gal is officially launched in my country that would be where I work and
pursue my dream.

Entrepreneurial (adj) willing to work hard and take risks in order to build up a
business; enterprising

Example: We must reinvigorate the entrepreneurial spirit of America.

Inspirational (adj) giving you the enthusiasm to do or create something

Example: Obama’s speech was really inspirational to listen to.

Competitiveness (noun) a competitive activity is one in which companies or teams are

competing against each other

Supreme (adj) very great

Example: Television exposure is of supreme importance in American politics.

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A keen eye for (phrase) an ability to notice and recognize something

Example: My friend’s a tireless shopper with a keen eye for a bargain.

QUESTION PART 3

39.1. What are the differences between big companies and small companies?

There are many noteworthy things to notice between large and small companies. First
thing first, the scale and structure can be considerably distinct. While large corporates
operate with various departments and hundreds of employees, small companies don’t
have that scale and hierarchy, which can be seen clearly in startups’ structure. In
startups and small companies, one person can take on various positions and their work
arrangements can be fairly flexible. For instance, you can be a founder as well as finance
director and sometimes when the company is running low on manpower, you can also
jump in to help with designing.

Hierarchy (noun) a series of things arranged according to their importance

Manpower (noun) all the people who are available to do a particular job or to work in
a particular place

39.2. Are there many big companies in your country?

Absolutely. Some of them are state-owned, some are incorporated between the state
and foreign companies, and others are multinational companies. These corporates are
doing business in various sectors including FMCG, real estates, and electronics and so
on. Prominent brands that are widely known to customers and users are Unilever, P&G,
Sam Sung and many more.

State-owned (adj) belonging to, funded by, and controlled by the government.

And so on (phrase) etc; continuing in the same way

39.3. What are the good things about working for a big company?

One of the biggest advantages when working for those recognized brand names is if
you apply for another job at a different company, it will probably a plus point when a
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big name is written on your employee record. Recruiters would regard you with certain
interest and respect if you’ve already proven your ability at some high-profile
corporate. Furthermore, high reputation comes with high demand in employees as well
as reputable training processes. Therefore, once you are an employee, there will be so
much things to learn and many opportunities to develop yourself, both professionally
and personally.

High profile (noun) a position attracting much attention and publicity

Reputable (noun) generally considered to be honest and reliable

39.4. How can a small company grow big?

I guess it would have to go through various stages as any big corporate does before
reaching that level. There are many ways to scale up a company and depending on what
industries of the business, people prefer different tactics. Traditionally, it could be a
merger and acquisition in which a company can expand their scale, and market shares.
Today, a small company could go public on stock markets to sell it shares. Take many
startups for instance. This digital era can be seen as a breeding ground for startups to
proliferate, especially in technology and innovation. The usual road many startups take
to grow bigger is to attract investors via many funding rounds or attending pitch
competition to get money and reputation. Then, after they reach a certain level, they
are ready to exit, which is where entrepreneurs become rich when startups going public
or being acquired by some big company.

Scale up (phrasal verb) to make something larger in size, amount etc than it used to
be

Tactic (noun) A plan or action for achieving a goal; a maneuver

Go public (phrase) the act or process of a company selling stock in itself when it moves
from private ownership to public trade.

Proliferate (verb) to increase or spread at a rapid rate

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Merger and acquisition (phrase) the buying, selling, dividing and combining of
different companies and similar entities that can help an enterprise grow rapidly in its
sector or location of origin

Pitch competition (phrase) seminars created for entrepreneurs with new business ideas
who are in need of seed money

39.5. Should big companies donate more to charities?

Undoubtedly. As a part of corporate social responsibilities, profitable companies

should be encouraged to contribute more to social development as well as human well-
beings. Such activities not only greatly benefit the community but also enhance the
company’s image and values. Some common ways to join hands in charitable acts that
big companies can consider are sponsoring for several events about social and
environmental issues, raising awareness of gender equality or the importance of
education and so on. Additionally, these humanitarian aids might also help bonding
employees through meaningful charity trips.

Corporate social responsibilities (phrase) the belief that a company should consider
the social and environmental effects of its activities on its employees and the community
around it

39.6. Should big companies be punished more seriously if they break the law?

Since large corporates have larger budgets and a whole legal department, they should
know better than contravening the law. As a result, should any illegitimate act be
conducted, such companies need to receive strict punishments, either financially or with
business-related fines. There might be possibilities that employees of these companies
will be badly affected by the fines imposed, therefore, it’s worth carrying out in-depth
investigations to hold the right people accountable for the misconducts.

Contravene (verb) to do something that is not allowed by a rule, law, or agreement

Illegitimate (adj) not allowed by the rules or laws; illegal

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40. Describe a useful app or computer program for a smart

phone, computer or tablet that you have used.

Technology are reshaping our world in more ways than we’ve ever expected, including
how we communicate, work and learn. The last point is highly valued due to its mobility
and availability for learners around the world in digital age. Among a countless number
of mobile learning apps proliferating on app stores, Duolingo is my all-time favorite.

Duolingo is a friendly-user app which has gone viral among language learning
community around the words thanks to its eye-catching display and systematic lessons.
The best thing about Duolingo is it’s totally free, supreme plus point in comparison
with other apps. Although over 50 language courses are offered free of charge, they are
all of high quality, together with assessment tests for users to check their proficiency. It
is like Christmas all wrapped up in a teeny tiny button. Duolingo is available on both
iPhone and Android app stores so that no matter phones you’re using, Duolingo is there
to help. This education app has made a cute green owl its icon, a symbol of wisdom and
intelligence. You can learn as many languages as you want and at your own speed.
Furthermore, Duolingo even keeps track of our progress and reminds us to study daily
– an awesome feature to boost people’s motivation.

I accidentally found this app when reading an article about learning tools and it has
changed my study habits ever since. Duolingo makes my studying French and Spanish
a relaxing process instead of a weighty issue. Whether you’re a beginner or advanced
users, Duolingo will benefit you at some point. Therefore, I highly recommend it for
those who prefer and seek interacting and motivating language learning experience.

Go viral (phrase) to spread quickly and widely among internet users

Eye-catching (adj) attractive or unusual and therefore noticed

Plus point (collocation) an advantage or positive characteristic

40.1. What are popular apps for young people?

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I think it is safe to say that the majority of youngsters are all over social media as a
means of entertainment, both via website or their apps. Prominent social media
platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and most recently, Snapchat all have
their apps applicable for any kinds of mobile phones and young generation, not only in
my country but all around the globe, are literally living with them. For example,
teenagers always take selfies with food before actually eating them, which is quite a
ritual for anything else these days. They tweet about practically everything going on
with their lives on Facebook so their friends are updated with their every move.
Personally, I find it a little bit disturbing, not to mention reckless since cyber security
can’t guaranteed your virtual safety nowadays.

Prominent (adj) important and well known

Reckless (adj) not thinking about the possible bad effects of your actions

Cyber security (phrase) computer security

40.2. What kinds of app do you have on your phone?

Just like any other adolescence, I can’t stay out of a widespread effect of social media
due to its utility and convenience. Internet-based applications like Facebook and
Instagram are two of my frequent destinations whenever I’m on my phone. They
provide easy platform for conversations and enhance the flow of interactions among
people, which is of great help if you need to contact with people regarding work or
studying matter. Besides, learning and travel apps always rank top on my survival tool
kits list. No less than once I was rescued by services provided by Google Translate and
HotelTonight in order not to get lost and secure the cheapest place to crash during
traveling.

Utility (noun) the state of being useful

40.3. What are the drawbacks of having too many apps on your phone?

Too much is never good. Even though there is a wide range of apps that can provide
you with substantial assistance, personally and professionally, it doesn’t make sense
if you try to make use all of them by download everything to your phone. Let me explain
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this further. If you need a software to remind you on a daily basis what task you should
achieve within a specific day, you have Any.do, Evernote, Trello and hundreds of
others. However, you just simply can’t simultaneously use them all since it’s incredibly
time-consuming, inefficient and confusing. You can possibly lose track of where you
put what and probably don’t want endless notifications from different apps on just one
matter. Therefore, make a choice and be a smart user.

Time-consuming (adj) something that is time-consuming takes a long time to do

40.4. How much time do you spend on these apps?

It varies widely depending on what kind of apps, however, I’ve been trying to limit the
amount of time I waste on Internet and my phone to focus on something more academic
and physically interactive such as books and outdoor activities. If it is Facebook or any
other social media, I usually check my notifications every two hours in less than 20
minutes. Language learning apps like Duolingo and Memorize take me more time to
accomplish a certain goal or level, probably an hour. Other than that, I have my nose in
a book or enjoy some fresh air while doing some exercises.

Interactive (adj) communicating with each other and reacting to each other

40.5. Do you like to look for new apps or just keep using the old ones?

Normally, I don’t actively search for newly launched apps since most of the apps I’ve
been using are highly recommended and constantly automatically upgraded. Yet,
once in a while I come across something innovative and captivating, I don’t mind giving
it a shot and try out the new app. More often than not, these apps would be equipped
with better services and user experience as the laws of evolution, therefore, if you have
any doubt in the capability and performance of any new app, do not hesitate to
experience it yourself, especially the free-of-charge ones.

40.6. Do you use free apps or the ones that you need to pay for?

Frankly speaking, I have never used any apps that cost me anything more than two
minutes to download. In my defense, the free ones are already full of useful features
that can assist you just as well as the paid ones, apart from some advanced
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characteristics that you have to pay for if you feel the need. As in my case, I rarely
exploit the full range of features provided by a free app, for example Duolingo, let alone
further assistance from paid courses. Nevertheless, there are some cases where the
sayings “You get what you pay for” proves to be right. If you ever use Skype, it would
probably come to your attention that you can only make a video call with one person at
a point. In case you would love to have a reunion with your classmates who are now
residing in four different continents in which you can see one another’s faces, an
upgraded fee is required. Though you lose some money, you have better service.

41. Describe a course you would like to study (or, do).

Digital technology has reshaped the world in more than one way during the last decade.
As a result, a new way of living and working has also prevailed among people,
especially Millennials. If you’ve heard about “digital nomad” – a work-from-anywhere
kind of employee, you already know how a specific digital skillset can improve and
simplify your life, which is why I take great interest in and set Photoshop – one of the
most powerful graphic design tool to be my next challenge to conquer.

Being known as an incredible image editing program, Photoshop has earned its
reputation for good reasons. Created and maintained by Adobe, Photoshop provides
users with a complete and advanced tool set to maximize their creativity. It can do
anything regarding online media, for example, creating 3D images, resizing, color
correction and even editing video. Fancy as it sounds, to acquire Photoshop skill would
be a painstaking process. Due to complex features and even more complex applications,
Photoshop is not for those without patience and constant practice. Furthermore, the
program usually gets updated with more usages, therefore, you would have to keep
learning to avoid being obsolete.

Graphic design is a critical skill in this digital era which affords anyone flexibility as
well as attractive income. Therefore, it would definitely be on top of my must-learn skill
in the near future. Actually, I have already schedule my timetable and squeeze in some
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hours for Photoshop 101 course for next month and I hope it would go as well as it
could be.

41.1. Should schools teach both arts and science?

Arts and science play equal roles in human development, hence, I don’t see no reason
that schools shouldn’t include both in their teaching curriculum. While science
provides interesting facts and implications of how it improves our life through the
advent of technology and hundreds of other inventions, arts deliver mental messages
and benefits to our better understanding of how people entertained in the past and
reflect the spiritual lives of our ancestors. Both offer us insights to fully consider human
beings and the environment around as they truly are, giving us the best of both world.

Curriculum (noun) any programme or plan of activities

Reflect (verb) to show the existence or nature of something

41.2. What kinds of courses are useful for university students?

Courses in university should be practical and constantly updated in terms of knowledge

and pedagogical approach to provide students with applicable skills and hands-on
experience in preparation for work life. Lots of graduates are lacking certain kinds of
skills to advance in their career path such as communication, problem solving, time
management and analytical thinking. For that reason, it is worth considering making
these skills an official course for university students to be well-prepared before entering
real working environment.

Pedagogical (adj) academic; advanced

Hands-on experience (phrase) training involves you doing something rather than just
reading about it or watching other people do it

41.3. Why do some students dislike studying at school?

I think it came as no surprise that some students don’t enjoy going to school. This can
be explained by the fact that lots of students are being bullied at school by their peers
and too afraid to speak up, which only has detrimental effects on their physical and
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mental health. Another possibility might be the heavy workload students have to deal
with every night. Teachers tend to assign more homework than they used to, hence, kids
feel more pressure and depressed that they would be grounded or get detention unless
they finish them all.

Workload (noun) the amount of work that a person or organization has to do

41.4. What school activities are good for schoolchildren?

As children are hyperactive and at the age of exploration and discovery, it would be
best to have them engaged in outdoor and social activities rather than in-class ones only.
One of the most common extracurricular activities is camping or picnicking, which
helps boost up kids’ engagement with their classmates, raise awareness about
environment issue as well as introduce them to the world outside the four walls. In
addition, school trips to local museums and zoos can contribute substantially to their
general knowledge with hands-on experience instead of theories, exclusively.

Hyperactive (adj) very active and finding it difficult to concentrate or relax

Hands-on experience (phrase) training involves you doing something rather than just
reading about it or watching other people do it

42. Describe a difficult decision that you made.

One of the hardest choices I have ever made was which university I would attend to
pursue my dream and further explore the world. That was when I was eighteen. Now
years later, even though I haven’t figured out what I should do with my life and keep
tip toeing on my way to discover my inner self, I still believe my decision was right.

When you were eighteen and living in an Asian country, going to university was all you
know. When your parents were looking forward to seeing you being a college students
and your classmates up to their neck with homework and extra classes, things might
get stressed and you felt like you were carrying a giant candy bag big enough to trick
or treat all the kids in your neighborhood until the next Halloween. That was how
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stressful it was. However, once you successfully passed the university entrance exams,
the real deal began. I was lucky enough to get accepted by both schools that I had
applied for, one in economics, the other in pedagogy. It was such a dilemma since I
enjoyed studying how the world economy operated as well as looked forward to the day
when I could share my knowledge and inspire my students to become anything they
wanted to be. I felt like my future was hanging by a thread at that moment and in
serious need of others’ help. Thankfully, my family and friends were always there for
me when I needed them most. After sharing my concerns, with their in-depth analysis
and personal sharing, we came to a conclusion that economics would be a more
appropriate choice. And that was what I did.

Until now, I have never regretted it since going to ABC school has changed me, in a
positive way and afforded me many opportunities to learn and grow. After
graduation, in spite of working full-time in financial industry, I still pursue my teaching
hobby with some classes during weekend, which is the best of both worlds to me.

Inner self (noun) a person's true or internal mind, soul, or nature

Up to one’s neck (idiom) deeply involved or occupied fully

Dilemma (noun) a situation that requires a choice between options that are or seem
equally unfavorable or unsatisfactory.

Trick or treat (phrase) a Halloween custom for children in many countries. Children
in costumes travel from house to house asking for treats such as candy

Hang by a thread (idiom) to be in danger of having something unlucky or bad happen

In-depth (adj) detailed and thorough

QUESTION FOR PART 3

42.1. What’s the most important factor in decision-making?

Speaking from my own experience, the thing that should be taken into account firstly
when making any decision is its impacts on a current situation and people who are
involved. It would be unmindful and thoughtless if one only pay sole attention to his
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6

or her own benefits while neglecting others’. There might be many outcome as direct
results of your choices, which could either positive or the other way around. Hence,
considering how your decision would be of great help for not only you but other parties
is absolutely essential.

Take into account (collocation) to remember to consider someone or something

Unmindful (adj) not conscious or aware

Outcome (noun) a consequence

42.2. Should parents make decisions for their children?

Parents tend to be overprotective and overreact when it comes to their children,

therefore, they would always want to be a part of the decision-making process of their
kids, if not the whole process. It is understandable that parents have their worries since
children are young, inexperienced and sometimes impulsive. There might be a chance
they just go with it with absolutely no care about the consequences. In such cases,
parents should act as their mentor or advisor who are considerate and empathize with
children that age. However, under no circumstance should parents forfeit their child the
right to have their own voice and thinking in making decisions related to them as they
need to be responsible for their own choice and learn from their mistakes.

Overprotective (adj) too worried about someone’s safety, so that you prevent them
from being independent

Overreact (verb) to be more worried, annoyed, or offended by something than you

should be

Impulsive (adj) someone who is impulsive tends to do things without thinking about
what will happen as a result

42.3. What can people learn from wrong decisions?

Life gives us both happiness and disappointment. As we make a mistake by making a

wrong decision, we taste failure and defeat. However, everything happens for a reason.
If you’ve never committed a mistake, how could you know you are doing things the
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right way. Likewise, it you’ve never made a wrong decision or dared to make any
important decision at all, how could you avoid making it the next time. Therefore, as
how a learning process should be, you acknowledge your wrongdoings, accept it, find
motivation to pick yourself up, learn from it and move on. You will understand there’s
always a way for those who have a will. Don’t let that one failure pull you down.

Pick yourself up (phrasal verb) self-motivate yourself after failure

Move on (phrasal verb) to continue moving

Will (noun) someone’s determination to do what is necessary to achieve what they want

Pull down (phrasal verb) to depress someone, as in spirits or health

42.4. Do you like to make quick decisions?

Ideally, making swift decision is likely to save you tons of time and energy since you
don’t have to bother about details and overanalyze every nuance of reaction. That,
however, only works best for things which are trivial and have little impact on our lives.
Those that are particularly influential should be granted thorough consideration,
otherwise, you yourself will be the one to blame for any unfavorable outcome. For
example, if you have no idea which university you should enroll, spend enough time to
do research and ask for advice other than randomly pick one because that’s what you
spare 4 years of your life to accomplish, which is no joke.

Nuance (noun) a slight difference that may be difficult to notice but is fairly important

Trivial (adj) not very important, serious, or valuable

Unfavorable (adj) not positive, or not showing approval

42.5. Do you think adults always make better decisions than children?

In most of the situations, I believe, but not always. Adults are likely to have more
experience and certain skills acquired after years of living and dealing with particular
matters that can afford them to make rational decisions, especially in situations in
which they used to face. Having said that, there are cases where fresh and
unconventional approach are best policies and children are the ones who give us that.
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Thanks to their innocence, can-do attitude and continuously growing mindset, they
might approach the same issue with different angles and find the simplest but sometimes
most effective way to address it.

Rational (adj) based on sensible practical reasons rather than emotions

Can-do (adj) keen to do difficult things and confident of success

43. Describe a time when you tried a new food for the first time.

Southerners always have a thing for delicious dishes and a great company and so do I.
A foodie as I call myself, I have never passed a chance to try out new food no matter
their origins, whether it’s Asian cuisine or European fusion. Once I tried “Bun Cha
Hanoi” during my first trip there, the experience was truly delightful.

“Bun Cha Hanoi” was a signature dish of the capital city that one must try when they
travel here. It used to be exclusive to northern people long before it was first introduced
to the rest of the country. Now, you can find Bun Cha in my city but the taste has
somehow been adjusted to meet southerners’ appetite. The first morning of my trip to
Hanoi, I was looking for a place to have breakfast and came across a super crowded
food stand with a very savory smell. Bun Cha was printed on a big billboard, illustrated
by a mouth-watering picture, therefore, I decided to give it a shot. Bun Cha was a
combination of rice noodle and grilled pork, served with herbs and a side dish of
dipping sauce. I didn’t even know how to eat it in the right way at first as many bowls
and dishes were displayed at the same time. However, it wasn’t tricky as it looked. The
flavor reminded me of “Bun thit nuong” back in the south, which I believed was a
variation of Bun Cha but still had a distinct taste. Together with papaya pickles, Bun
Cha made you crave more the genius mixture of sweetness and sourness. If you want to
get a true taste of Hanoi, do not miss Bun Cha during your stay there.

Foodie (noun) someone who enjoys eating or cooking different types of food and who
talks a lot about food
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Delightful (adj) very pleasant or attractive

Signature dish (collocation) a recipe that identifies an individual chef

Mouth-watering (adj) having a very good appearance or smell that makes you want to
eat

QUESTION FOR PART 3

43.1. Do you like to try new food?

I consider myself a foodie for good reasons. There’s nothing that pleases me more than
being able to get lost in a food paradise where plenty of mouth-watering dishes from
different parts of the world are displayed. Yet, it’s not only about having a taste of
signature cuisines but gaining insights and understanding about other cultures and
customs in general because food is an integral part of any community’s history and
development. Therefore, I would never turn down the opportunity to test out new
dishes.

Integral (adj) important

Turn down (phrasal verb) reject

43.2. What kinds of foreign food are popular in your country?

Well, there’s no need for debate since fast food such as fried chicken and potato chips
has dominated domestic market over the last decade. Traditionally, people aren’t
accustomed to consuming fast food with high concentration of oil, fat and lack of
seasoning, however, things has changed since KFC, Lotteria and many others well-
known brands evaded the F&B market. Besides said items, burgers, Korean and
Japanese cuisine are attracting more and more consumers thanks to the effect of these
countries’ movie and music industry.

Dominate (verb) to have control over a place or person

43.3. Do you like to cook at home?

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Much to an enthusiastic foodie myself, I am not that skillful as a cook. Don’t get me
wrong but I love home meal even more than eating out, but I prefer not to cook.
Sometimes I do bake if there’s any occasion or I just want to give myself a special
treatment. Chocolate chips cookie, sponge cake and caramel flan are my signature
dishes together with lemonade and strawberries soda. That’s definitely not cooking but
the best I can do with my kitchen skill, at least at the moment.

43.4. Is it expensive to eat out in your country?

Generally speaking, dining out is relatively higher than preparing meals at home by
yourself. Still, depending on what kind of food you prefer, the cost will vary greatly. If
street food or Asian cuisine is your favorite option, the price is quite affordable
considering its quality and quantity. In case you are an addict for foreign taste such as
Korean, Japanese or European, you’re better be prepared since it will cost you an arm
and a leg for a decent meal.

Cost you an arm and a leg (idiom) be very expensive

43.5. What’s the difference between Asian food and western food?

It is noticeable that Asian cuisine is more diverse in terms of spices and herbs in
comparison with Western dishes, which is considered to be healthier for people’s body
and mind. Spices and herbs like cinnamon, rosemary, ginger… not only help
sharpening the flavor and adding color but works as medicine as well. People always
try to make the best use of out spices and herbs in healthcare treatment instead of
heavily depending on conventional medicine. Besides, Western food has higher
concentration of fat since butter and cream are usually main ingredients in almost every
dish.

43.6. What do you think about traditional food?

Just as what we call them, traditional food represents tradition and cultural
characteristics. Therefore, they should be preserved and passed on from generation to
generation as a reminder and honor to our past. Traditional dishes, in most cases, are
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still as delectable as they used to be and with some variations and additions to the
original recipes, they taste even better.

Delectable (adj) looking or tasting extremely good, and giving great pleasure

44. Describe an activity you do for your health or fitness.

I’m not a great swimmer in any sense but swimming is like my religion. It is truly
refreshing and literally, washes away every disturbing thought I have whenever I dive
into cold water. No matter how tight my schedule can get, I usually pay at least one visit
to a local swimming pool to work myself up and get rejuvenated.

Sometimes, I have a partner or two, who are also my best friends since high school. We
live in the same neighborhood so it’s not too stressful when we have to set a schedule
our swimming session. We carpool more often than not and it takes us roughly 15
minutes to get to the local recreation center where it provides the locals with a variety
of facilities for training purpose such as gym class, stadium, swimming pool, tennis
court and so on, which is extremely convenient for those who practice more than one
activity. The only thing better then swimming itself is swimming with your besties,
which is one of hundreds of things I love about my weekly ritual. Hardly do we have
time to meet each other during week days as we’re all up to our neck at work and
totally stressed out. Therefore, having such a healthy way to catch up with your friends
and recharge your battery after an exhausting week never sounds better. Just like any
other sports, swimming helps maintain your health, keep you fit as well as build your
endurance. However, unlike others, it’s a very relaxing and peaceful form of exercise,
you don’t even sweat for hours – a supreme advantage. Therefore, if you’re looking for
a kind of sport that brings you comfort and relaxation, swimming should be your first
choice.
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Rejuvenate (verb) to make someone feel or look younger or have more energy

Ritual (noun) something that you do regularly and always in the same way

Up to one’s neck (idiom) fully occupied; very busy

Recharge one’s battery (phrase) Regain one's strength and energy by resting for a
time

QUESTION FOR PART 3

44.1. What do old people in your country do to keep fit?

Each individual has their own way to keep fit and stay healthy, including senior
citizen. In my country, you can easily catch a sight of some elders taking a walk early
in the morning in the park or on the pavement along the street. Since they are usually
early risers, that’s one of the most activities they take part in. Additionally, some old
people even join many dancing session for the elders to feel more energetic and livelier.

44.2. What kinds of sports are popular in your country?

From my observation, football is the most widely practiced sport as well as having most
viewers compared with any other sports. Like others, football has its own sets of rules
and regulations that players need to comply with in order to perform well and of course,
to score. Every football tournament in our country always draw the attention of football
lovers and gets broadcasted either on national or local channel, which is extremely
convenient for those who can’t make it to the stadium.

44.3. Do you think young people should play dangerous sports?

I believe youngsters should be well aware of their physical and mental capabilities
before deciding to take up any new sports since such activities rarely have a hundred
guarantee that you will never get injured during practice, especially extreme ones.
Bungee jumping, skydiving, hang gliding and so many more are not for everyone and
everything needs to be taking into account when participating in these sports.
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Therefore, if you’re up for adventures and well-prepared about what you’re up to, go
for it, otherwise, you had better look for another hobby.

44.4. What else people can do to keep fit besides sports?

There are many ways that people can employ to take care of their mind and body in
collaboration with sports. First of all, pay more attention to your daily diet. You are
what you eat, hence, it’s best if people can try to minimize the amount of junk foods
they consume and practice healthy diet the sooner the better. Secondly, do not take sleep
for granted. Many young people nowadays will not go to bed before midnight, which
has detrimental impacts on your brain and skin in long term. You’ll never be fully
energized without a decent rest to recharge your battery and let the biological clock
does its job. Last but not least, advanced medicine might be extremely useful in some
cases. If you lack some kind of vitamins due to unbalanced diets or you just naturally
be, functional foods can help solve the issue but bear in mind that doctors’ advice are
highly recommended.

Decent (adj) good enough

Bear in mind (phrase) remember

44.5. What do parents do to make their children like sports?

Children loves doing what adults usually do. As a result, set a prime example for your
kids to make them like it naturally. If a father enjoys soccer and has a weekly match on
every Sunday, bringing his son along seems to be a brilliant idea to pique his interest
and nurture his passion for soccer. Next step is to encourage children engage in any
kind of sport that intrigues them when they’re old enough to go to school. Being in a
team not only harnesses their team spirit and responsibility but also helps build
character.

Intrigue (verb) make someone very interested in knowing more about something

45. Describe a situation that made you a little angry.

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Even though I am an extremely even-tempered and laid-back kind of person, there

have always been situations when things get ugly or some terribly disturbing incidents
happens that I can’t keep hold of myself, one of which was the time a friend of mine
lost a crystal bracelet I treasured.

It wouldn’t have made me angry if it had been her first time or that crystal bracelet was
any bracelet. In fact, that was her millions time and that bracelet was a gift on my 20 th
birthday from my Grannie, which I have rarely worn myself but kept in a jewelry box
to save for special occasions. She was my flat mate in college but we weren’t that close.
We sometimes hung out on weekends after exam weeks with some other friends but we
didn’t exactly sign in any sisterhood club. Hence, it annoyed me a bit every time she
borrowed my stuff without my acknowledgement. It was when she took the said crystal
bracelet that I couldn’t take it anymore. My Grannie had handpicked that bracelet for
me in celebration of me turning 20, a true turning point to any girl and it was a special
one. The amber shade of the bracelet embodied the glory and brightness as well as
affection and warmth, which was what Grannie believed would fit me well. As my
friend explained later, she had a special event to attend and wanted to wear something
special. I was clueless until she returned home looking so contrite, telling me she had
accidentally lost it somewhere when partying. Unfortunately, that was a very bad
timing since I was already on edge that day. Therefore, we throw a fit at each other
and went for silent treatment for days. Eventually, we had a straightforward
conversation and worked things out and fortunately, our friendship was still intact.
That taught me a lesson that next time when I have issue with anyone or anything, rather
than bottle it up and let it wear me out, I’ll talk about it to anyone related for effective
solutions.

Even-tempered (adj) not often angry or upset

Laid-back (adj) calm and relaxed

Keep hold of (phrase) take control of

Acknowledgement (noun) a statement of thanks for something that someone has done
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Turning point (phrase) a time when an important change takes place in a situation,
especially one that makes it better

Affection (noun) a feeling of liking and caring about someone or something

Contrite (adj) very sorry or ashamed because you have done something bad

Timing (noun) the skill or luck that is involved in doing something at the most suitable
moment

On edge (phrase) upset

Throw a fit (expression) to get very angry and shout

Work out (phrasal verb) solve a problem

Intact (adj) not harmed, damaged, or lacking any parts as a result of something that has
happened

Bottle up (phrasal verb) to hold one's feelings within; to keep from saying something
that one feels strongly about

45.1. How do you control your anger?

Frankly speaking, I am a mellow and laid-back kind of person so hardly do I get angry
with anyone. Yet, everything has its limits. I know myself well enough to recognize
some signs and energy I release when I want to communicate a message that the
situation starts to irritate me. And every time I take in my own signal, I tell myself to
take a breath and remain silent for a while rather than reciprocate immediately since I
am fully aware that letting my outburst lead the way can only bring undesired
consequences.

Mellow (adj) relaxed and satisfied

For a while (idiom) for a short time

Reciprocate (verb) to do the same thing for someone that they have done for you

45.2. Why do some people get angry easily?

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I can’t tell for sure but each has their own explanation. Some people can just easily get
offended by others’ insults or not very subtle implication and don’t mind their image
being stained by acting out what they truly feel, one of which is anger. Many appear
to overreact or simply anger is their second nature, therefore, they make their points by
intense expression.

Act out (phrasal verb) to express your thoughts or feelings through your words or
behavior

Stain (verb) if something stains someone’s reputation, character etc, it spoils it

45.3. Is it important to be calm?

Being diplomatic plays a vital role when establishing and maintaining relationships,
particularly in business world. Hence, it’s crucial that one is able to keep a cool head
and a warm heart when dealing with others. Under no circumstances should you
unleash your anger or say out loud what you wish others to hear without mentally filter
them in your head. It would cost you a lifetime to rebuild your personal branding with
just a slip in a wrong situation.

Unleash (verb) to allow someone or something to be free when they were previously
strictly controlled

45.4. What would you do if you make others angry at you?

Well, that’s a tough question. Hardly have I ever made others angry besides my mother.
Still, once in a while when my friends were so pissed since I broke my promises or
cancelled our plan at the very last minute, I did nothing except from sincerely
apologizing and listening to them expressing their disappointment and anger. That
doesn’t happen very often but it bothers me every time since I let people down.
Therefore, I’ve learned to say no to things I am unable to fulfill rather than raising
people’s hope and couldn’t accomplish it.

Once in a while (idiom) sometimes, but not very often

Pissed (adj) angry

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At the very last minute (expression) at the latest possible moment or opportunity

45.5. In what way, can people manage their anger well?

As far as I am concerned, there’s only one way to handle things well. Practice, practice
and practice. If you’re fortunate enough to be born with charisma and diplomacy, you
already hit a jackpot since you’re natural in managing your emotion, in this case, anger.
However, if you’re not, the skill can be acquired by learning and constant practice. They
suggest that a person has to spend at least 10,000 hours on a specific area to be an expert
in it and handling your behavior is no exception. Be observant to notice your feeling
and have a keen determination to eliminate negative response would be helpful.

Charisma (noun) a strong personal quality that makes other people like you and be
attracted to you

Diplomacy (noun) the ability to deal with people in a sensitive way that does not upset
or offend them

Hit a jackpot (phrase) to be very successful at something

Eliminate (verb) to get rid of something that is not wanted or needed

46. Describe an occasion when you got up very early.

I have recently adopted a new and healthy habit of waking up early in the morning. It’s
only been a while but has tremendously beneficial. However, before that time, I was
rarely out of bed by 8.00 AM apart from some specific occasions, one of which was to
attend the English speaking club on Sunday morning.

The English speaking club was held on Sunday morning every 2 weeks at around 9.00
AM, therefore, I had to get up approximately 2 hours before to get ready. The coffee
shop where the club usually gathered for socializing was quite far from my house, which
took me nearly 30’ to get there by bike. Each session would focus on a different topic
which covered from economics, politics to fashion trend and traveling. Thanks to the
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diversity of topics, our discussions were always refreshing and intriguing, which
helped to attract more and more participants. The English club was specialized for those
who were interested or pursuing IELTS – an international English assessment for those
who were non-native speakers. However, anyone who wished to practice and improve
their English were always welcomed here. Besides learning and practicing English
together, this was an awesome place to meet new people and make friends. I had
opportunities to talk with people from diverse backgrounds who worked in different
industries with different points of view. They, more or less, had contributed to how I
reconsidered the world and I was grateful for that.

Gone are the days when I stayed in bed until 8.00 every morning, however, every time
I thought about those rare occasions when I got up early, those interesting conversations
at the English club filled my head. And if you want to open your world and experience
more, participate in any social group around to and engage in conversation, you will
get more than you’ve expected.

Adopt (verb) to start using a particular idea, plan, or method

Intriguing (adj) interesting

More or less (idiom) used for showing that you are guessing a number or amount

Example: A sum of £80,000, more or less, will be needed to carry out repairs.

Grateful (adj) feeling that you want to thank someone/something

46.1. Who usually get up early, young people or old people?

In my opinion, the elder are always early birds since they cannot have so much sleep
even if they try, which maybe results from aging. Youngsters, on the other hand, are
night owls and some might even more energetic at night than in the morning. Surfing
Facebook, going to nightclubs or staying up late to meet the deadlines are common
among those who are in their twenties as they don’t pay much attention to the long-
term effect of functioning against natural biological clock.

Early bird (idiom) someone who gets up early in the morning

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Night owl (idiom) someone who enjoys going out at night or does not go to bed until
it is late

46.2. Will working late at night influence the next day’s work?

It would be undoubtedly a yes for me. Staying up the previous night, no matter the
reason, is highly likely to adversely affect your productivity and awareness the next
day unless you are accustomed to it. Research has shown that a person need at least 7-
hour-sleep per night to assure their physical and mental capability. Therefore, it you are
to increase your efficiency and meet all your deadline, start to manage your time and
prioritize other than working late.

46.3. Do young people stay up late at night?

I suppose that the majority of adolescence do not go to bed until midnight. Due to night
time schedule. Sometimes they have no business to stay up that late but somehow
Facebook keeps receiving notifications or their favorite TV show has a very good
timing to release a newest episode they’ve longing for the whole week.

46.4. Is it easy to get up early for you?

If you had asked me that question a few years ago, I would have said no because back
then, hardly did I get out of bed before 8.00 AM. Nevertheless, I’ve changed and
adapted a new lifestyle for a couple of years. One of the most significant changes I’ve
made during my transformation is becoming an early riser. It was a real challenge at
first since old habits die hard, but if you make a commitment to yourself and try hard
enough, it will pay off sooner or later. And that’s what happened to me.

46.5. What do you do to guarantee a good sleep?

Since I started getting up early, I forced myself to go to bed before 11.00 PM at night,
too in order to maintain a long enough sleep. I did my research online and found various
ways people can employ to have a decent sleep. One of those is not to use your phone
or have contact with electronic gadgets at least 15 minutes before sleeping; instead
taking time for relaxing activities such as getting a foot massage or putting on facial
mask to bring your body to ready-to-sleep state. Another useful advice that most have
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already knew is to limit caffeine, alcohol and big meals right before bed, or else it would
be bad for your metabolism.

Metabolism (noun) all the chemical processes by which cells produce the energy and
substances necessary for life

47. Describe a skill you learned when you were a child.

When I was a little girl, I had always dreamed of being an architect so I would be able
to build and decorate my own house. Though I was not the best student in drawing class,
my paintings were usually collected by teachers to be presented as one of the best
examples, which had nurtured my interest in becoming skillful at drawing someday.

Needless to say, art was one of the most complicated subjects and mastering any
specific part of it was a true challenge. With an ambition to become an architect in the
future, I enrolled in a drawing class after school. It was a 2-hour class on every Tuesday
and Thursday when my schedule was less tight than any other days of the week. My
instructor was a middle-aged lady who was highly dedicated and inspiring. She talked
me through every single step from how to hold a pencil, how to mix colors, from what
angle should I look and the like. She always encouraged me to draw as often as I could,
even just a rough sketch of what I was visioning in my mind, which not only allowed
me to perceive things more clearly but boost my creativity as well. I realized that it
was not all about drawing but also a way to acknowledge everything around and enjoy
life. I spent most of my afterschool time drawing and coloring whatever within
proximity and not surprisingly, my drawing skill significantly improved together with
a sense of appreciation for art.

During my high school time, I was entirely occupied with homework and some
voluntary activities that I rarely picked up my pencil. However, it was a truly awe-
inspiring experience then and I’m sure to visit a drawing class soon someday when my
artistic soul comes out once again.
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Needless to say (phrase) used for saying that something is already known or
understood

Complicated (adj) difficult to do, deal with, or understand

The like (phrase) a similar kind

QUESTION FOR PART 3

47.1. What age will make it difficult for a person to learn a skill?

Well, it’s safe to say that it’s never too late to start something new, even if it’s a new
language or a new skill. Yet, how fast they can acquire those things is hard to tell as it
depends on the amount of time they spend on learning and practicing, how committed
they are and what their purpose is. Most have agreed that children and people of young
age have an edge over older learners when it comes to adopt a new skill since they are
more open-minded and flexible than their older counterparts. Still, that is just a theory.

Have an edge over (phrase) have an advantage that makes someone or something more
successful than other people or things

47.2. Will the age of 5 or 20 be better?

If we are referring to aesthetic subjects or skills, I believe the younger the better. Since
learning how to play a musical instrument and being able to play it well are two different
things and it takes quite a long time and often gifted talent to truly master at any kind
of instrument. So for arts and music, younger age is more likely to learn better. As
regards personal skills or something more academic and required some expertise in a
specific area, older individuals might find it easier to acquire as they already have the
foundation and just need to build up their skills from that.

As regards (phrase) used for introducing a subject that you will be discussing

Expertise (noun) special skill or knowledge that you get from experience, training, or
study
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47.3. Who will you learn a skill from, friends, teachers or parents?

Depending on what kind of skill I need, I will find myself the most suitable mentor. By
this I mean, if I want to be excellent at video game, my best friend – Adrian will be the
one I’m looking for. Likewise, in case I fall in love with teaching, inspiring and
nurturing others, there’s no one who can do that better than Ms. Julie – my English
teacher when I was in high school. All in all, the most crucial thing is having the right
attitude and asking the right question to the right person.

47.4. What’s the difference between children learning what they like and learning
what they have to learn?

I think that different is just similar to what an adult has to face when they learn things
they love and things they can hardly tolerate but have to and it’s simple. Whenever you
do something you’ve always longed for, you don’t mind spending more time and
resources to seek answers for even a smallest detail. In contrast, if you’re asked to do
something that you find unappealing and useless but cannot refuse, you will do it
anyway with much less enthusiasm just to get it done without caring about the results.

48. Describe a short trip that you frequently make (or, take) but
dislike.

Hospitals would be the least favorite places on earth if there was a survey. As a matter
of fact, I hate every second since setting foot on any hospital campus, including Saigon
Eye Hospital, where I have to visit every 6 months to get my eyes checked.

The last time I’ve been there was 3 months ago when it was time to have a regular
check-up. It was not a very enjoyable trip but I had to do anyway, otherwise, my eyes
were the ones that got hurt. The eye hospital was far from my house but pretty near
where I worked, therefore, I went to work earlier than usual that day to pay a quick visit
to the eye center. It was a smart decision because less people were there when it was
still early in the morning and traffic wasn’t that horrible. Once I arrived at the hospital
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around 9AM, I had to wait 2 hours for my turn, which was the most longest 2 hours of
my life. This time, I took my number and went out for fresh air since I wanted to do
something different rather than sitting cross-legged on the chair playing Angry Bird.
Hence, I made a tour around the hospital campus to explore the building. After half an
hour of reading all the leaflets informing people about how to protect their eyes to
ensure 10/10 vision and studying thoroughly the hospital’s map, I was bored out of my
mind and started to get back where I was supposed to have a check-up. Although my
exploration didn’t make me feel more enthusiastic with a hospital, it did help to keep
my eyes away from my phone for 30 minutes, which was impressive. Next time when
I get back, I’ll make sure to find the best way to enjoy myself.

Check-up (noun) an examination by a doctor or dentist to make sure that you are
healthy

Cross-legged (adj) in a sitting position, with your knees bent and with the lower legs
crossing each other

48.1. Are there any special places for visiting?

My country is one of the most ideal places to visit in the world since it has a wide range
of natural landscapes ranging from mountainous areas such as Venick to beach villages
scattering along the countries such as Scubbi.

48.2. Do people like to travel abroad?

Traveling abroad is everyone’s dream, I think and most people share that dream as well.
However, not everyone can afford it. First thing to take into consideration is that
people need to pass a visa application round in order to travel to foreign countries apart
from those which are located in South East Asia (mostly). The procedure might take
time and is not actually simple at all because applicants have to prove their financial
status and meet other requirements. Another reason is language barrier could be a
deterrent for anyone who wishes to experience but unable to communicate in any other
languages outside their mother tongue, which might be easier if they can speak English
since it’s the most widely spoken one.
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Take into consideration (phrase) consider something

Deterrent (noun) something that makes people decide not to do something by making
them realize that something unpleasant could happen to them

48.3. What can people benefit from travelling?

They say “Travelling is the only thing you buy that makes you richer”. Not in terms of
finance or physical materials. It’s all about experience and expanding your world. Going
to different places where different customs are practiced, different languages are spoken
and different people with completely different perspective of life might overwhelm you
at first but will be an incredible memory and lifetime experience. Travelling can
transform you forever since you will start to wonder how life is like in other parts of the
globe, being more tolerate and embracing all the opportunities to share and open up
your world.

Lifetime experience (phrase) the best experience that you’ve ever had

48.4. Do you like to travel on your own or with your family?

Traveling alone and with my family are both exciting because I’ve tried both. Each has
its advantages and disadvantages but I really appreciate both types of experience since
they offer me what I need at a certain amount of time. For example, if I plan to get away
from the city for a few days to have time for myself, I will be on the road on my own
with my little backpack. This gives me flexibility and freedom that I’ve never had if I
go on a holiday with my family. However, it will be more enjoyable if I have a family
trip on New Year holiday.

Get away from (phrase verb) move away from a place

49. Describe a wedding that you have attended.

I am at the age when each of my friends started to tie the knot with their beloved ones,
which reminds me how grown up we all are but at the same time is a true blessing.
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Weddings have always made me dreamy because you can feel that love is in the air.
One of the most beautiful and intimate weddings I’ve ever attended was Anna’s, my
classmate in high school.

The Anna I knew from high school was a true embodiment of traditional women:
feminine, delicate, caring and wholeheartedly devoted and I had no doubt her
wedding would be the same the minute I received the invitation. It came as no surprise
that the reception hall was completed covered with the pastel pink color, from many
bouquets of roses, balloons, table cloths and other decorations. It should have looked
like a 6-year-old birthday party, on the contrary, that light and feminine color
surprisingly created a delightful and congenial atmosphere for the wedding. There were
not too many people at the wedding because the groom and bride wanted to keep it
simple, yet intimate and meaningful, which I couldn’t agree more. The ceremony was
so emotional when the couple took an oath and exchanged wedding rings that I could
have sworn I saw tears shined in their eyes. The whole ballroom erupted in endless
applause and whistles when the groom landed a passionate kiss on his woman’s lips as
the pastor announced them as husband and wife – one of the most magnificent moments
I’ve ever witnessed and Anna could easily be the most beautiful and happiest bride I’ve
ever seen in a glamorous baby pink gown and bohemian hairstyle. I also met a couple
of friends in high school which made me feel like we were having a reunion and it was
great to know after all those years, we could still talk and share this special moment
together.

Tie the knot (idiom) get married

Blessing (noun) something good that you feel very grateful or lucky to have

In the air (idiom) noticeable all around; becoming prevalent

Bouquet (noun) a collection of flowers, cut and tied together in an attractive way

Congenial (adj) pleasant, friendly, and enjoyable

Erupt (verb) suddenly explode with a lot of noise as people start laughing/shouting

QUESTION FOR PART 3

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49.1. Do you often attend weddings?

Not really at the moment since I’ve recently graduated and most of my friends are at
the same age at me. However, some has already married and I was also invited once or
twice. As a romantic person, weddings always make me nervous and exciting at the
same time since you can feel love is in the air.

49.2. How do you think of the perfect age for marriage?

I have had countless debates with my friends and we have different ideas regarding
when is the ideal age to get settled. I, together with some girls, agree that it should be
above 30 for both men and women while others flatly contradict us by saying people
should get married as soon as possible even though they have nothing. Some may find
it too late to tie a knot at the age of 30 but I cannot see the point of living together with
more bills to pay and more mouths to feed without having a career and stable income,
which is one of the most common reason for separation among married couples.

Settled (adj) if you have a settled way of life, you stay permanently in one place or job
or with one person

49.3. Do women prefer to be single or to be married?

Women nowadays have a more advanced mindset than they used to a few decades ago,
which is why not so many left still bother about being single anymore. Instead, they
enjoy their single lives and pamper themselves with great food and fine clothes.
Modern women don’t need a man to be her anchor anymore since they are independent
and confident enough to take on the world herself. They go out and make money instead
of staying at home knowing nothing but taking care of their kids and depending on their
husband.

Pamper (verb) to look after someone very well, especially by making them feel very
comfortable or by giving them nice things

49.8. Why has the divorce rate increased over time in modern life?
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It’s noteworthy that that divorce rate in modern life is far higher than they used to, which
is not a positive trend to look forward for. Reasons for such separations vary depending
on irreconcilable families’ issues which could be financial problem, disagreement on
how to raise their children or worse, infidelity.

Irreconcilable (adj) can’t find a way to become friendly again after disagreement.

50. Describe something that you have shared with others (or
another person).

You may have heard a lot because it’s true that girls share clothes, and sometimes even
shoes. My best friend, Kelly, and I have done that countless times, which is not only
economically wise but time-saving as well.

Kelly and I have grown up together since her house is just across the street from mine.
She is like a sister from another mother, which is proved by our similarities in
appearance, especially our height and weight. And we have taken full advantage of
that. Since we have the same taste in clothes and are true shopaholics, we go shopping
together every time our budgets can afford us. What a way to spend money! One time
we came across an extremely elegant, classic, sexy, yet not too revealing little black
sequin dress, we were both blown away. However, you get what you pay for. The dress
came with exorbitant price tag which was far higher than either of us could afford.
Still, we decided to bring it home by both us sharing a bill. It turned out even prettier
when being put on a real person instead of a mannequin and we didn’t regret at all even
though it pained us severely when paying for the dress at the store. And just like any
other pieces of clothing, we take turn wearing the dress whenever either of us has parties
to attend. Anytime we have girls’ night out together, we do rock-paper-scissors. Yes,
it sounds childish but it works everytime.
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Thanks to our habit of sharing closets, each of us can wear twice the number of pieces
of clothes we own, which is outrageously convenient and money-saving. What else
could I ask for other than having a best friend sharing the same size and the same mind.

Take full advantage of something (expression) to use a situation or opportunity to get

what you want

Come across (phrasal verb) find something by chance

Exorbitant (adj) very expensive

Turn out (phrasal verb) become

Rock-paper-scissors a zero-sum hand game usually played between two people, in

which each player simultaneously forms one of three shapes with an outstretched hand.
These shapes are "rock" (✊ a simple fist), "paper" (✋ a flat hand), and "scissors" (✌ a
fist with the index and middle fingers together forming a V).

50.1. Do people in your country prefer to share public transport or do they prefer
to use private transport?

I reckon that people prefer public transport to private one since the majority of the
population are using motorbike, which is highly individual. There are certain reasons
for this reality. First of all, transport system is not exactly ideal for large vehicles like
cars in order to carpool since the roads are relatively narrow. Secondly, public
transportation is not of high quality which can be proven by just the look of the buses
and bus stations. Other than that, motorbikes seem to be the most affordable means of
transportation that anyone can use to commute from one place to another due to its
convenience and mobility.

50.2. Do many people in your country share their home with others or do they
mostly live alone?

I do believe most people are sharing their home with their families or friends rather
living alone. It is not utterly surprising since our culture is all about family. Most
young people live with their parents until they get married, apart from those who live
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away from home for work or studying. Although this practice has already been
ingrained in some youngsters’ mind, many have started to move out from their
childhood house to live independently somewhere near their workplace to have their
own space and freedom.

50.3. Do you think there are many advantages when sharing your home with other
people?

To some certain extent, I am convinced that sharing a place with others may benefit
me in comparison with renting the whole place by myself. One of the biggest advantages
is being able to share the rental fee in half or three, of course depending on the number
of people I share with. Instead of bearing all the cost, now only have half of it to worry
about. Besides, we can work out the chore or even cooking arrangement in order to
share the workload. In some bad days that I am overloaded with work and can’t fulfill
my housework duty, my roommate could help me and vice versa. How cool is that?

Overload (verb) to give someone too much work to do

Vice versa (phrase) the opposite of what has been said

50.4. Would you ever share your food with someone else?

I do this all the time with my friends and family. Actually, sharing food with others is
kind of common in our country since we always have meal together where food is
placed in the large bowls and dishes and we take turn taking food in our own bowl
instead of having separate plates like European and American tradition. Therefore, it’s
not a big deal.

Take turn (phrase) each of people does their share of something, one after the other