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Chapter 13 (Python and CSV File)

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14 views

Chapter 13 (Python and CSV File)

Uploaded by

sathya301273
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Chapter 13 (PYTHON AND CSV FILE)

Section B
1.What is CSV File?
* A CSV file is a human readable text file where each line has a number of fields, separated by
commas or some other delimiter.
* A CSV file is also known as a Flat File that can be imported to and exported from programs that
store data in tables, such as Microsoft Excel or OpenOfficeCalc.

2.Mention the two ways to read a CSV file using Python.


Refer book page no: 232 (13.7)

3.Mention the default modes of the File.


* The default is reading (‘r’) in text mode.
* In this mode, while reading from the file the data would be in the format of strings.

4. What is use of next() function?


* “next()”command is used to avoid or skip the first row or row heading.
* Example: While sorting the row heading is also get sorted, to avoid that the first is skipped using
next().
* Then the list is sorted and displayed.

5. How will you sort more than one column from a csv file? Give an example statement.
* To sort by more than one column you can use itemgetter with multiple indices.
Syntax: operator.itemgetter(col_no)
Example: sortedlist = sorted (data, key=operator.itemgetter(1))

Section – C
1. Write a note on open() function of python. What is the difference between the two
methods?
* Python has a built-in function open() to open a file.
* This function returns a file object, also called a handle, as it is used to read or modify the file
accordingly.
For example: f = open(“Sample.txt”)
*The above method is not entirely safe. If an exception occurs when you are performing some
operation with the file, the code exits without closing the file.
*The best way to do this is using “with” statement.
*This ensures that the file is closed when the block inside with is exited.
Example: with open(“text.txt”,’r’) as f:

2. Write a Python program to modify an existing file.


* In this program, the third row of “student.csv” is modified and saved.
* First the “student.csv” file is read by using csv.reader() function.
* Then, the list() stores each row of the file.
* The statement “lines[3] = row”, changed the third row of the file with the new content in “row”. *
The file object writer using writerows (lines) writes the values of the list to “student.csv” file.
PROGRAM:
student.csv
import csv
row = [„3‟, „Meena‟,‟Bangalore‟]
with open(„student.csv‟, „r‟) as readFile:
reader = csv.reader(readFile)
lines = list(reader)
lines[3] = row
with open(„student.csv‟, „w‟) as writeFile:
writer = csv.writer(writeFile)
writer.writerows(lines)
readFile.close()
writeFile.close()

3.Write a Python program to read a CSV file with default delimiter comma (,).
import csv
with open('c:\\pyprg\\sample1.csv', 'r') as F:
reader = csv.reader(F)
print(row)
F.close()
OUTPUT: ['SNO', 'NAME', 'CITY'] ['12101', 'RAM', 'CHENNAI'] ['12102', 'LAVANYA',
'TIRUCHY'] ['12103', 'LAKSHMAN', 'MADURAI']

4.What is the difference between the write mode and append mode.

Write Mode Append Mode


• 'w' • 'a'
• Open a file for writing. • Open for appending at the end of the
file without truncating it.
• Creates a new file if it does not exist or • Creates a new file if it does not exist.
truncates the file if it exists.

5. What is the difference between reader() and DictReader() function?


Reader():
* The reader function is designed to take each line of the file and make a list of all columns.
* Using this method one can read data from csv files of different formats like quotes (" "), pipe (|)
and comma (,).
* csv. Reader work with list/tuple.
* Syntax: csv.reader(fileobject,delimiter,fmtparams)
DictReader():
* DictReader works by reading the first line of the CSV and using each comma separated value in
this line as a dictionary key.
* DictReader is a class of csv module is used to read a CSV file into a dictionary.
* It creates an object which maps data to a dictionary.
* csv.DictReader work with dictionary.

Section - D
3. Write the different methods to read a File in Python.
* Contents of CSV file can be read with the help of csv.reader() method.
* The reader function is designed to take each line of the file and make a list of all columns.
* Using this method one can read data from csv files of different formats like,
1. CSV file - data with default delimiter comma (,)
2. CSV file - data with Space at the beginning
3. CSV file - data with quotes
4. CSV file - data with custom Delimiters
* The syntax for csv.reader() is csv.reader(fileobject,delimiter,fmtparams)

i) CSV file with default delimiter comma (,)


The following program read a file called “sample1.csv” with default delimiter comma (,) and print
row by row.
import csv
with open('c:\\pyprg\\sample1.csv', 'r') as F:
reader = csv.reader(F)
print(row)
F.close()

OUTPUT:
['SNO', 'NAME', 'CITY']
['12101', 'RAM', 'CHENNAI']
['12102', 'LAVANYA', 'TIRUCHY']
['12103', 'LAKSHMAN', 'MADURAI']

ii) CSV files- data with Spaces at the beginning

the following program read the file through Python using “csv.reader()”.
import csv
csv.register_dialect('myDialect',delimiter = ',',skipinitialspace=True)
F=open('c:\\pyprg\\sample2.csv','r')
reader = csv.reader(F, dialect='myDialect')
for row in reader:
print(row)
F.close()
These whitespaces in the data can be removed, by registering new dialects using
csv.register_dialect() class of csv module.
A dialect describes the format of the csv file that is to be read.
In dialects the parameter “skipinitialspace” is used for removing whitespaces after the delimiter.

iii) CSV File-Data With Quotes


You can read the csv file with quotes, by registering new dialects using csv.register_dialect() class
of csv module.
Here, we have quotes.csv file with following data.

SNO,Quotes
1, "The secret to getting ahead is getting started."
2, "Excellence is a continuous process and not an accident."

The following Program read “quotes.csv” file, where delimiter is comma (,) but the quotes are
within quotes (“ “).

import csv
csv.register_dialect('myDialect',delimiter = ',',quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL,
skipinitialspace=True)
f=open('c:\\pyprg\\quotes.csv','r')
reader = csv.reader(f, dialect='myDialect')
for row in reader:
print(row)

OUTPUT:
['SNO', 'Quotes']
['1', 'The secret to getting ahead is getting started.']
['2', 'Excellence is a continuous process and not an accident.']

In the above program, register a dialect with name myDialect.


Then, we used csv. QUOTE_ALL to display all the characters after double quotes.

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