ENZYMES

1. The general mechanism is that an enzyme acts by:

A. Reducing the activation energy
B. Increasing activation energy
C. Decreasing pH value
D. Increasing the pH value

2. The coenzyme is:

A. Often a metal
B. always a protein
C. often a vitamin
D. always an inorganic compound

3. Blocking of enzyme action by blocking its active site is called as:

A. Allosteric inhibition
B. Feedback inhibition
C. Competitive inhibition
D. Non-competitive inhibition

4. Enzymes are composed of:

A. Fats
B. Proteins
C. Nucleic acids
D. Vitamins

5. The enzyme which hydrolyses starch to maltose is:

A. Protease
B. Amylase
C. Lactase
D. Maltase

6. This statement about enzymes is true:

A. Enzymes accelerate reactions by lowering the activation energy
B. Enzymes are proteins whose three-dimensional form is key to their function
C. Enzymes do not alter the overall change in free energy for a reaction
D. All of these

7. Koshland proposed which model:

A. Fluid mosaic model
B. Induced fit model
C. Lock and key model
D. Reflective index model
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8. The enzyme minus its coenzyme known as:

A. Apoenzyme
B. Metalloenzyme
C. Isoenzyme
D. All of these

9. Which of the following is the non-protein component of the enzyme?

A. Cofactor
B. Activator
C. Coenzyme
D. All of these

10. An uncatalyzed reaction involved:

A. High activation energy
B. Low activation energy
C. Balanced activation energy
D. All of these

11. Which among them is not attribute of enzymes:

A. Specific in nature
B. Protein in chemistry
C. Consumed in reaction
D. Increased rate of reaction

12. Which among them is a cofactor:

A. Inorganic ion
B. Organic molecule
C. Both A and B
D. None of these

13. Ribozymes were discovered by________ in 1920.

(a) Buuchner (b) Thomas Cech

(c) Sidney Altman (d) Both b & c

14. Enzymes cannot catalyze ______ reaction:

(a) Exergonic (b) Endergonic

(c) Exothermic (d) None of above

15. Which molecules in the body behave as catalyst?

(a) Lipids (b) Proteins

(c) RNA (d) Both b & c
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16. Which of the following is an example of reversible non-competitive inhibition?

(a) E-s complex (b) Un-competitive inhibition

(c) Feed-back inhibition (d) N.O.T

17. Which of the following is non-competitive inhibitor?

(a) Sulfa drugs (b) Cyanides

(c) Pesticides (d) Both b & c

18. Cyanide binds with ______ enzyme complex in ETC.

(a) Peroxidase (b) Cytochrome oxidase

(c) Catalase (d) N.O.T

19. Which of the following enzymes are called as dehydrogenases?

(a) Hydrolases (b) Oxidoreductases

(c) Ligases (d) Nucleases

20. Which enzyme converts Glucose into glucose 6, phosphate?

(a) Transferase (b) Oxidase

(c) Aldolase (d) Polymerase

21. The cofactor which is tightly bound to apoenzyme are:

(a) Coenzyme (b) Activator

(c) Innhibitor (d) Prosthetic group

22. Biotin and ubiquinone are:

(a) Activators (b) Inhibitors

(c) Prosthetic groups (d) A.O.T

23. Which of the following is substrate for Pepsin?

(a) Lipids (b) Carbs

(c) Protiens (d) Carotenoids

24. Substrate when binds with enzyme it alters active site’s shape is feature of:

(a) Lock and key model (b) Furenose model

(c) Induced fit model (d) Fluid mosaic model

25. Enzymes makes maximum products at ______ temperature:

(a) Minimum (b) Optimum

(c) Maximum (d) Enzyme is uneffected
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26. Which of the following is ligase?

(a) DNA-polymarase (b) RNA-Polymerase

(c) Ribozymes (d) All of above

27. Enzyme which is entirely composed of protein is called:

(a) Holoenzyme (b) Simple enzyme

(c) Conjugated enzyme (d) Both a & b

28. Fructose 1-6, biphosphate converted into GAP and DHAP by:

(a) Hydrolase (b) Isomerase

(c) Ligase (d) Lyase

29. Which of the following is specific to substarate?

(a) Allosteric site (b) Actin site

(c) Active site (d) N.O.T

30. Which of the following structure in enzyme is for feed-back inhibition:

(a) Active site (b) Allosteric site

(c) Catalytic site (d) All of above

31. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Low temperature preserves the enzyme in a temporarily inactive state where as
high temperature destroys enzyme activity because proteins are denatured by heat.

Statement II: When the inhibitor closely resembles the substrate in its molecular structure and
inhibits the activity of enzyme, it is known as competitive inhibitor.

(a) Statement I is true but statement II is false

(b) Statement I is false but statement II is true
(c) Both statements I and II are true
(d) Both statements I and II are false

32. Which of the following statement is true with reference to enzymes?

(a) Coenzyme=Apoenzyme+Holoenzyme
(b) Holoenzyme=Apoenzyme+coenzyme
(c) Holoenzyme=coenzyme+cofactor
(d) Apoenzyme=holoenzyme+coenzyme

33. A non-proteinaceous enzyme is:

(a) Lysosyme (b) Ribozyme

(c) Ligase (d) Deoxyribonuclease
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34. Which of the following statement is incorrect:

(a) Competitive inhibitor does not affect rate of enzyme action

(b) A competitive inhibition can be reversed
(c) Competitive inhibitor is not chemically changed by enzyme
(d) All statements are incorrect

35. Which of the following statement about enzyme is incorrect?

(a) Enzymes are denatured at high temperature

(b) Enzymes are mostly proteins but some are lipids also
(c) Enzymes are highly specific
(d) Enzymes require optimum temperature and optimum pH for maximum activity

36. A competitive inhibitor for succinate dehydrogenase enzyme is:

(a) Malate (b) Ketoglutarate

(c) Oxaloacetic acid (d) Malonic acid

37. An organic substance bound to an enzyme and essential for its activity is called:

(a) Isoenzyme (b) Coenzyme

(c) Apoenzyme (d) Holoenzyme

38. The catalytic activity of two different enzymes can be compared by:

(a) pH of optimum value (b) Molecular size of enzyme

(c) No: of product molecules formed (d) None of above

39. Which factor is responsible for inhibition of enzymatic process during feedback?

(a) Substrate (b) Enzyme

(c) Temperature (d) End product

40. Enzymes are not found in:

(a) Fungi (b) Algae

(c) Virus (d) Cyanobeteria

41. The process in which binding of a chemical shuts off the enzyme activity is called:

(a) Competition (b) Inhibition

(c) Activation (d) Degeneration

42. Succinate closely resembles in structure with which of the following chemical?

(a) Pyruvate (b) Fumarate

(c) Malonate (d)Ubiquinone
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43. Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Some protenecious enzymes carry heredity information which is passed on from
parental generation to progeny.
Statement II: Ribozymes are nucleic acids with catalytic power.

(a) Both statement I and statement II are correct

(b) Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
(c) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(d) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct

44. Which of the following enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the oxidation-reduction
reaction:

(a) Dehydrogenases (b) Hydrolases

(c) Oxidases (d) Isomerases

45. Holoenzyme consist of a non-protein part ______ and a protein part ________.

(a) Apoenzyme; Coenzyme (b) Coenzyme; Prosthetic group

(c) Prosthetic group; Coenzyme (d) Coenzyme; Apoenzyme

46. ________ is the un-competitive inhibitor for alkaline phosphatase enzyme, present in
small intestine.

(a) Alanine (b) Muramic acid

(c) Phenylalanine (d) Malonic acid

47. The following reaction is catalyzed by_________ enzyme:

Succinate + NAD+ _______________ Fumarate + NADH2

(a) Transferase (b) Succinate dehydrogenase

(c) Fumarate oxidase (d) Hexokinase

48. The following reaction is catalyzed by ______ enzyme:

Glucose + ATP __________ Glucose 6,phosphate + ADP

(a) Isomerase (b) Lyase

(c) Transferase (d) Liagase

49. D- Glucose is converted into L- Glucose by:

(a) Lyase (b) Isomerase

(c) Dehydrogenase (d) N.O.T
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50. When an inhibitor binds to an enzyme at a place other than the active site, but only when
the enzyme and substrate are already bound in complex, which of the following best
represents the situation?

A. Competitive inhibition
B. Allostery
C. Uncompetitive inhibition
D. Non-competitive inhibition

51. What is the major mechanism through which enzymes boost reaction rates?

A. They decrease the stability of the transition state.

B. They lower the activation energy needed in the reaction.
C. They decrease the internal energy of the final product.
D. They decrease the reverse reaction rate and increase the forward reaction rate.

52. Which of the following best describes the class of enzymes that break bonds by generating
a new double bond or ring structure rather than by hydrolysis or oxidation?

A. Ligases
B. İsomerases
C. Transferases
D. Lyases

53. The competitive inhibitor for bacterial enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis is:
(a) Fumarate (b) Malonate
(c) Penicillin (d)Sulpha drugs

54. Role of enzyme in a chemical reaction is:

(a) Emulsify fat (b) Prevent denaturation

(c) Speed up the reaction (d) Buffer as Acid or Base

55. Why would drugs like penicillin destroy bacteria but have no effect on human cells:

(a) Human enzymes would be denatured by penicillin

(b) Penicillin would fit into active sites of enzymes
(c) Bacterial cells use penicillin as coenzyme
(d) All statements are incorrect

56. In the cell enzyme acts as:

(a) Buffers (b) Catalyst

(c) Neurotransmitters (d) Hormones
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57. Enzymes often:

(a) Absorbs fatty acids

(b) Help in hydrolysis reaction
(c) Serves as long term source of energy
(d)Serve as structural frame work in the cell

58. Compounds that are needed by enzyme to function properly are:

(a) Steroids (b) Buffers

(c) Heavy metals (d) Vitamins

59. Which of the following is non-competitive inhibitor

(a) Cyanide (b) Pesticides

(c) Lead (d) All of above

60. Which best explains a substrate molecule:

(a) Complementary to allosteric site

(b) Very small as to enzyme
(c) Complementary to active site
(d) Both b & c