PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, COIMBATORE – 641 004

DEPARTMENT OF PRODUCTION ENGINEERING

23P302 - STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
Tutorial -1 - Stress and Strains in Axially Loaded Members
1. A shaft is subjected to an axial force of 40 kN as shown in Fig.1. Determine the average bearing
stress acting on the collar C and the normal stress in the shaft.

Fig.1

2. A pin is made of a material having a failure shear stress of 100 MPa . Determine the minimum
required diameter of the pin. Apply a factor of safety of 2.5 against shear failure. (Fig.2).

Fig- 2 Fig- 3

3. Consider a steel tube surrounding a solid Aluminum cylinder, the assembly being compressed
between rigid cover plates by centrally applied forces as shown in Fig.3. The Aluminum cylinder is 8
cm in diameter and the outside diameter of the steel tube is 9.2 cm. If P = 200 kN, find the stress in
the steel and also in the aluminum. For steel, E = 200 GPa and for aluminum E = 80 GPa.

4. The rigid beam is supported by a pin at ‘A’ and wires BD and CE as shown in Fig.4. If the load ‘P’
on the beam causes the end ‘C’ to be displaced 10 mm downward, determine the normal strain
developed in wires CE and BD.

Fig. 4
5. Segments AB and CD of the assembly shown in Fig.5 are solid circular rods, and segment BC is a
tube. If the assembly is made of Aluminum 6061-T6, determine the displacement of end ‘D’ with
respect to end ‘A’. Take Eal = 70 GPa.

Fig. 5

6. A short cylindrical block of Aluminum 2014-T6, having an original diameter of 12 mm and a length
of 40 mm is placed in the smooth jaws of a vice as shown in Fig.6 and squeezed until the axial load
applied is 4000 N. Determine (a) the decrease in its length and (b) its new diameter. E = 73 Gpa.

Fig.6

7. Determine the elongation of the square hollow bar when it is subjected to the axial force P=100 kN.
If this axial force is increased to P = 360 kN and released, find the permanent elongation of the bar.
The bar is made of a metal alloy having a stress–strain diagram which can be approximated as
shown in Fig.7.

Fig.7

8. Determine the average punching shear stress the circular shaft creates in the metal plate
through section AC and BD (Fig.8). Also, what is the average bearing stress developed
on the surface of the plate under the shaft?

Fig.8
 9. The yoke-and-rod connection as shown in Fig.9 is subjected to a tensile force of 5 kN. Determine
the average normal stress in each rod and the average shear stress in the pin ‘A’ between the
members.

Fig.9

10. Data taken from a stress–strain test for a ceramic specimen are given in the Table. The curve is
linear between the origin and the first data point. Determine the modulus of elasticity and the
modulus of resilience of the given material.

11. The 304-Stainless Steel post ‘A’ is surrounded by a Red-Brass-C83400 tube as shown in
Fig.10. Both rest on the rigid surface. If a force of 25 kN is applied to the rigid cap,
determine the required diameter ‘d’ of the steel post so that the load is shared equally
between the post and tube. For steel, E = 193 GPa and for brass E = 101 GPa.

Fig.10

12. A steel bolt has a diameter of 7 mm and fits through an aluminum sleeve as shown in
Fig.11. The sleeve has an inner diameter of 8 mm and an outer diameter of 10 mm. The
nut at ‘A’ is adjusted so that it just presses up against the sleeve. If the assembly is
originally at a temperature of T1 = 20°C and then is heated to a temperature of T2 = 100°C,
determine the average normal stress in the bolt and the sleeve. Est=200 GPa, Eal=70 GPa,
st =14 x 10-6/°C, al = 23 x 10-6/°C.

Fig.11
13. Three bars each made of different materials are connected together and placed between
two walls when the temperature is 12oC. Determine the force exerted on the (rigid)
supports when the temperature becomes 18oC. The material properties and cross-
sectional area of each bar are given in Fig.12.

Fig.12

14. A cylindrical steel pressure vessel 400 mm in diameter with a wall thickness of 20 mm,
is subjected to an internal pressure of 4.5 MN/m2.
(a) Calculate the circumferecial and longitudinal stresses in the vessel.
(b) To what value may the internal pressure be increased if the stress in the steel is
limited to 120 MN/m2 ?
(c) If the internal pressure were increased until the vessel burst, sketch the type of
fracture that would occur.

15. A cylindrical pressure vessel is fabricated from steel plating that has a thickness of
20 mm. The diameter of the pressure vessel is 450 mm and its length is 2 m. Determine
the maximum internal pressure that can be applied if the longitudinal stress is limited to
140 MPa, and the circumferential stress is limited to 60 MPa.

16. The wall thickness of a 1.2 m diameter spherical tank is 8 mm. Calculate the allowable
internal pressure if the stress is limited to 55 Mpa.

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