বিভীষণের-প্রতি-মেঘনাদ-Allpreparation

wVKvbv: mvwK©U nvDRcvov †ivW, GgGg K‡j‡Ri c~‡e©(`wÿY †MBU msjMœ)kwn` wgbv‡ii wcQ‡b, h‡kvi \ 01747 78 09 08\
†g›Ui
gwbi m¨vi
weG(Abvm©), GgG(evsjv), XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
wewmGm(wkÿv), cÖfvlK, evsjv wefvM
h‡kvi miKvwi wmwU K‡jR, h‡kvi|
mv‡eK wkÿK: AvBwWqvj K‡jR, XvKv; Uniaid, Saifurs GWwgkb & Re †KvwPs(dvg©‡MU, h‡kvi, Kzwóqv eªvÂ)
welq: evsjv 1g cÎ; Aa¨vq: evsjv KweZv(wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`)
wkÿv_©xi bvg: wefvM:

K‡j‡Ri bvg:
e¨vP UvBg I evi:
m~wPcÎ
Av‡jvP¨ welq c„ôv b¤î
Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi Kvwnwbi AšÍiv‡j 2
wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv` : welqvbyhvqx e³e¨ 2
wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi fwZ© Avmv cÖ‡kœvËimg~n 4
KweZvi g~jcvV-mnR evsjv-kãv_© 5
mKj bv¤^vwis-ey‡jwUb I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨ 7-9
Abykxjbxi Rb¨ Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi 9
Abykxjbxi Rb¨ m„Rbkxj cÖkœmg~n 11
Abykxjbxi Rb¨ eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 12-16
KíZiæ †Kb †miv?

GKv‡WwgK I wek¦we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿvi Dc‡hvMx ch©vß Z_¨mg„× n¨vÛ †bvU mieivn|
gvbm¤§Z cvV`v‡bi wbðqZvq AímsL¨K †gavex wkÿv_©x wb‡q ¯^ímsL¨K e¨vP|
6/7 gv‡m evsjv 1g I 2q c‡Îi m¤ú~Y© mgvavb|
3 gv‡m evsjv 2q c‡Îi m¤ú~Y© mgvavb|
2 gv‡m wiwfkb
gvwëwgwWqv K¬vm iæg|
K¬v‡mB cov gyL¯’|
KíZiæ
1
Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi Kvwnwbi AšÍiv‡j:

Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Ô†gNbv` eaÕ Kve¨ †_‡K Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB As‡k †gNbv‡ì mv‡_ j²‡Yi
Ab¨vq hy‡×i cÖwZwe¤^ wPwÎZ n‡q‡Q| ivRv `ki‡_i 3 Rb ¯¿x- †KŠkj¨v, ˆK‡Kqx I mywgÎv| †KŠkj¨vi GK cyÎ ivg; ˆK‡Kqxi GK cyÎ fiZ;
mywgÎvi `yB cyÎ j²Y I kÎæNœ| ivRv `ki_ GKevi fxlY Amy¯’ n‡q c‡owQ‡jb| ivYx ˆK‡Kqx †mev-ïkÖƒlvq my¯’ n‡q †M‡jb ivRv- hvi ìæY
ˆK‡Kqxi B”Qv c~i‡bi A½xKvi K‡ib| iv‡gi wmsnvm‡b Awf‡l‡Ki c~‡e© ˆK‡Kqx `vmx gš’ivi civgk© Abyhvqx Zvi B‡”Qi K_v ivRv‡K e‡jb|
Zuvi B‡”Q ivg‡K ebev‡m w`‡Z n‡e Ges wmsnvm‡b em‡e Zuvi cyÎ fiZ| ivg cÂeUx e‡b ebev‡m P‡j hvq| iv‡gi m½x n‡jb mxZv-j²Y| H
mg‡q G e‡b Av‡m iv¶m ivR ive‡Yi †evb m~c©YLv| m~c©YLv ivg‡K we‡qi cÖ¯Íve w`‡jb; wKš‘ †m cÖ¯Íve cÖZ¨vL¨vZ nIqvq m~c©YLv Avevi
j²Y‡K cÖ¯Íve †`b| wKš‘ ivÿm I gvby‡li g‡a¨ †Zv Ggb m¤úK© n‡Z cv‡i bv| m~c©YLv Zuvi †cÖgi gh©v`v †Zv †cjB bv D‡ëv j²Y m~c©YLvi
bvK †K‡U †`q| µz× AcgvwbZ I ivMvwš^Z m~c©YLv iveY‡K bvwjk Ki‡j iveY mxZv‡K niY K‡i wb‡q hvq| mxZv‡K niY Kivi d‡j j¼vcyi x‡Z
hy× †NvlYv K‡ib ivg| hy‡× ive‡Yi fvB Ky¤¢KY© Ges cyÎ exievû gviv †M‡j hy‡×i †mbvcwZi `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y Kiv nq †gNbv‡ì Dci| hy‡×i Av‡M
†gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i Bó‡èZvi cy‡Rv ïiæ K‡ib| ive‡Yi †Qv‡Uv fvB wefxl‡Yi mn‡hvwMZvq j²Y wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| GRb¨
ejv nq ÒN‡ii kÎæ wefxlYÓ| B‡Zvg‡a¨ j²Y wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡×i AvnŸvb K‡i| nVvr †gNbv‡ì †PvL c‡o ìRvi w`‡K- wZwb †`L‡Z cvb
Zvi PvPv wefxlY‡K| Zvui Avi eyS‡Z evwK iB‡jv bv †h, wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq j²Y nvRvi nvRvi ˆmwb‡Ki †PvL dvuwK w`‡q hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i‡Q| †gNbv` I wefxl‡Yi g‡a¨ †h cÖwZwµqv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q Zv g~jZ K‡_vc_‡bi gva¨‡g Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq D‡V G‡m‡Q|
wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv` : welqvbyhvqx e³e¨

evsjvi †i‡bmuv‡mi eicyÎ gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi(1824-1873) mv_©K gnvKve¨ Ô†gNbvèa Kve¨Õ(1861)-i ÔeaÕ bvgK lô mM© †_‡K
Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| KweZvwUi welqe¯‘ n‡”Q- j²‡Yi nv‡Z wbnZ nIqvi c~‡e© iveYcyÎ †gNbv` I iveYvbyR
wefxl‡Yi ga¨Kvi K‡_vcK_b| GB K‡_vcK_‡b †hme welq D‡V G‡m‡Q †m¸‡jv wb¤œiƒcÑ
1. wefxlY I †gNbv‡ì cvwievwiK HwZn¨-Hk¦‡h©i K_v| 2. †gNbv‡ì †`k‡cÖg, ¯^RvwZi cÖwZ AMva fv‡jvevmv I exiZ¡Muv_v|
3. j²‡Yi nxb¤§b¨Zv I †PŠh©e„wËi gvbwmKZv| 4. iveYKZ©„K mxZv‡K Acni‡Yi e¨vcv‡i wefxl‡Yi `„wófw½ I gZvgZ|
5. ag©fxwZi AmnvqZ¡, i_x-gnvi_xi bxwZK_v Ges †gNbv` KZ©„K wefxlY‡K wa°vi|
ˆèe‡j myiwÿZ `y‡f©`¨ wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i iveYvZ¥R †gNbv` c~RvicvÎ nv‡Z c~RviZ wQj| nVvr †cQ‡b ZvwK‡q †`‡L hÁvMv‡ii cÖavb dU‡K
ˆè A¯¿ nv‡Z j²Y ùvwo‡q Av‡Q; Avi m‡½ Av‡Q wefxlY| myiwÿZ hÁvMv‡i j²Y Kxfv‡e cÖ‡ek Kij †gNbv` cÖ_‡g †mUv Vvni Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb| wKš‘ ciÿ‡YB wefxlY‡K †`‡L Zvi eyS‡Z evwK _v‡K bv †h, wefxlYB N‡ii kÎæ| j²‡Yi cÖ‡e‡ki welqwU †evaMg¨ nIqvi ci
†gNbv` Pig `ytLfvivµvšÍ nq| Kwei fvlvqÑ
ÒGZÿ‡YÓ- Awi›`g Kwnjv welv‡`,
Rvwbby †Kg‡b Avwm j²Y cwkj iÿcy‡i!Ó
Gici †gNbv` Zvi PvPv wefxlY‡K esk †MŠi‡ei K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`‡q G‡K G‡K e‡jÑ wek¦weL¨vZ Fwl wekÖvev gywbi ¯¿x wbKlv mZx †Zvgvi gv,
†Zvgvi fvB ivÿmivR iveY ivÿmKz‡ji g‡a¨ †kÖô, †QvUfvB Kz¤¢KY© wk‡ei g‡Zv kw³kvjx, fvB‡qi †Q‡j †gNbv` evmeweRqx| Ggb m¤£všÍ
N‡ii mšÍvb n‡q wefxlY Kxfv‡e ivg-j²‡Yi cÿ †bq Zv †gNbv‡ì †evaMg¨ bq| GRb¨ †gNbv` PvPv‡K cÖ‡kœi Q‡j e‡jÑ
ÒwbRM„nc_, ZvZ, †`LvI Z¯‹‡i?
PÛv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡q?Ó
j²Y A¯¿nxb †gNbv`‡K Kvcyiæ‡li g‡Zv nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨B ‡Pv‡ii g‡Zv jywK‡q hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| GB cÖ‡ek‡K exi †gNbv` wKQz‡ZB gvb‡Z
cv‡i bv| ZvB †m e‡j‡QÑ
ÒQvo Øvi, hve A¯¿vMv‡i,
cvVvBe ivgvby‡R kgb-fe‡b,
j¼vi Kj¼ AvwR fwÄe Avn‡e|Ó
A¯¿vMvi AwfgyLx †gNbv` ¯^xq wcZ…e¨ wefxlY KZ…K
© evavcÖvß nq| wefxlY ¯úó Rvwb‡q †`q †h, †m ivgP‡›`ªi `vm| ZvB ivg-j²‡Yi wec‡ÿ hvq
Ggb KvR †m Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| G ch©v‡q e¨_© g‡bvi_ †gNbv` wefxlY‡K Avcb esk‡MŠi‡ei K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`‡Z wM‡q K‡qKwU Dcgv eënvi
K‡i| †hgb-
Ò¯’vwcjv weay‡i wewa ¯’vbyi jjv‡U;
2
cwo wK f~Z‡j kkx hvb MovMwo

a~jvq?Ó
A_©vr m„wóKZ©v Puv`‡K c„w_exi jjvUiƒcx wbðj AvKv‡k ¯’vcb Ki‡j †mB Puv` wK ayjvq MovMwo Lvq| Avevi Ab¨ GK Dcgvq †`Lv hvq, †gNbv`
wefxlY‡K cwi®‹vi c~Z-cweÎ Rjwewkó wekvj Rjvavi ev cyKz‡ii cÙdz‡ji evMv‡b †Ljv Kiv ivRnuv‡mi m‡½ Zzjbv w`‡q‡Q Avi cÖkœ Qz‡o w`‡q‡Q
†h, Ggb ivRnuvm KLbI ˆkevjc~Y© †Wvevq hvq wK bv| †gNbv` g~jZ PvPv wefxl‡Yi AvZ¥wemR©b‡K †g‡b wb‡Z bv †c‡i Gme Dcgv¸‡jv eënvi
K‡i‡Q| ivgP‡›`ªi AaxbZv ¯^xKvi K‡i wefxlY wb‡Ri ¯^KxqZv I ¯^vaxbZv‡K wemR©b w`‡q‡Q|
A¯¿nxb‡K hy‡× Avnevb Rvbv‡bv me mgv‡R me mgqB bxwZweiæ× KvR| Ggb KvRB K‡i j²Y| G‡K †Zv †m †Pv‡ii g‡Zv wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i
cÖ‡ek K‡i Ab¨w`‡K Avevi wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb Rvbvq| ZvB †gNbv` j²Y‡K bxP-nxb †kÖwYi gvbyl e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i| Kwei fvlvqÑ
Òÿz`ªgwZ bi, k~i, j²Y; bwn‡j
A¯¿nxb †hv‡a wK †m m‡¤^v‡a msMÖv‡g?Ó
G‡nb nxb j²‡Yi j¼vcy‡i cÖ‡ek‡K †gNbv` my›ì evMv‡b `yivPvi ˆ`‡Zï cÖ‡ek I dzUšÍ cÙdz‡j emevmiZ KxU Awfavq AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
KweZvi fvlvqÑ Òb›`b-Kvb‡b
å‡g `~ivPvi ‰`Z¨? cÖdzjø Kg‡j
KxUevm?Ó
¯^Y©j¼vi ivRv iveY KZ…©K mxZv‡K Acni‡Yi welqwU‡K wefxlY Kxfv‡e wb‡q‡Qb Zv Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi wb‡¤œv³ KweZvs‡ki gva¨‡gÑ
ÒwbR Kg©-‡`v‡l, nvq, gRvBjv
G KbK j¼v ivRv, gwRjv Avcwb!Ó
GLv‡b wefxlY †gNbv`‡K †evSv‡Z Pvq ive‡Yi wb‡Ri Kg©‡`v‡l AvR ¯^Y©j¼v aŸs‡mi ØvicÖv‡šÍ| †mB mv‡_ iveY wb‡RI aŸsm n‡Z P‡j‡Q|
weaŸ¯Í j¼vq wefxlY wb‡R‡K wbivc` g‡b K‡i bv| Dciš‘ †m wb‡R‡K wb‡`©vl `vwe K‡i| Avi †`vlx n‡”Q iveY| ZvB ¯^v_©ci wefxlY ÁvwZZ¡ -
åvZ…Z¡ me RjvÄwj w`‡q ivg-j²‡Yi cÿvej¤^b K‡i| Kwei fvlvqÑ
ÒivN‡ei c`vkÖ‡q iÿv‡_© AvkÖqx
†ZuB Avwg| ci‡`v‡l †K Pv‡n gwR‡Z?Ó
wefxlY g‡b K‡i, cvwcô ive‡Yi Kvi‡YB ¯^M©Zzj¨ ¯^Y©j¼v AvR biKvwMœ‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| j¼vcy‡ii hveZxq `y`©kvi Rb¨ `vqx iveY| KviY †m
mxZv‡K AcniY bv Ki‡j hy× jvMZ bv| Ggb cv‡ci fvM wefxlY wb‡Z Pvqbv| wKš‘ †gNbv` G hyw³ gvb‡Z G‡Kev‡iB bvivR| ZvB wefxl‡Yi
¯^v_©ciciZvi wecix‡Z †m e‡jÑ
Òkv‡¯¿ e‡j, ¸Yevb hw`
ciRb, ¸Ynxb ¯^Rb, Z_vwc
wbM©yY ¯^Rb †kÖqt, cit cit m`v!Ó
†gNbv` wefxlY‡K eySv‡Z Pvq wbM©yY ¯^Rb ¸Yevb ciR‡bi †P‡q DËg| wKš‘ kv¯¿Z¨vMx wefxlY‡K eySv‡Z e¨_© †gNbv` hLb eyS‡Z cv‡i †Kv‡bv
K_vqB wPov wfR‡e bv ZLb e‡jÑ
Ò‡n wcZ…e¨, ee©iZv †Kb bv wkwL‡e?
MwZ hvi bxP mn, bxP †m `yg©wZ|Ó
GLv‡b bxP-nxb ej‡Z ewn‡`©kxq AvµgYKvix ivg-j²Y‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avi Zv‡ì cÿvej¤^bKvix n‡q wefxlY wb‡RI bxP-nxb I Amr ev
g›èyw×i ‡jv‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
Avm‡j †i‡bmuv‡mi gvbm-cyÎ gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi Ô‡gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õ cyiv‡Yi ivg-j²Y I iveY-‡gNbv` PwiÎmg~n‡K beg~‡j¨ m„Rb
K‡i‡Qb| lohš¿Kvix, wek¦vmNvZK I †`k‡`ªvnxi UvBc PwiÎ wn‡m‡e wefxlY‡K Gu‡K‡Qb| mvZ-mgy`ª †Zi b`x cvwo w`‡q †h weªwUk †kvlKiv
fviZel©‡K wewl‡q Zz‡jwQj j¼vcy‡i ivg-jÿ‡Yi Ae¯’vb †hb †mB wewUk‡ìB ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q| Avi wefxlY n‡”Q G‡`kxq gxi Rvdi| iveY-
†gNbv‡ìv ¯^vaxbZvKvgx fviZxq PwiÎ|
Avevi evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡×i †cÖÿvc‡U †`L‡j exi †gNbv` gyw³Kvgx †mbvbx‡ì †mbvcwZ| wefxlY ZLb ivRvKvi, Avjeì, Avjkvg‡mi
cÖwZf‚ PwiÎ| Avi ivg-j²Y AvµgYKvix cvwK¯Ívbx evwnbxi †bZv|
3
Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU cv‡Vi c~‡e© wb‡Pi bKkvwU eyS‡Z n‡e-
1. iveY(¯^Y©j¼vi ivRv) 1. ivg

2. Kz¤¢KY©(ive‡Yi fvB) wefxlY(ive‡Yi Av‡iK fvB) 2. j²Y
3. exievû(hy‡× cÖ_g †mbvcwZ) [N‡ii kÎæ wefxlY| †m wek^vmNvZK, †`k‡`ªvnx,
4. †gNbv`(cieZ©x †mbvcwZ) lohš¿Kvix| ÁvwZZ¡, åvZ…Z¡ I RvwZmËvi msnwZ [Giv `yB fvB AvµgYKvix ewntkw³i
fz‡j AvcbR‡bi cÿ Z¨vM K‡i|] †bZv; bxP, nxb, ee©i|]
[Dc‡ii mK‡jB gvbexq My‡Yi
aviK-evnK|
Zvivmev†`k‡cÖwgK|] Gfv‡eB gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
evj¥xwKi ivgvqY‡K beg~j¨ `vb K‡i‡Qb|
†i‡bmuv‡mi gvbm-cyÎ ga~my`‡bi †jLbx‡Z
ivg-j²Y nxbiƒ‡c Avi ivÿmivR iveY I
Zvi cyÎ †gNbv` bvqKiƒ‡c Dc¯’vwcZ|
wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi fwZ© Avmv cÖ‡kœvËimg~n:

1. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë gviv hvb- 29 Ryb, 1873| 21. †gNbv‡ì ¯¿xi bvg- cÖwgjv †èx|
2. ÔevmeÕ n‡”Q- †èivR B›`ª| 22. kgb-feb n‡”Q- hgvjq|
3. ÔmM©Õ A_© - Aa¨vq| 23. gaym~`b jÛ‡b hvb - AvBb kv¯¿ Aa¨q‡bi Rb¨|
4. ÔPZy`©kc`x KweZvejxÕ †Z msKwjZ- 102 wU m‡bU| 24. †Mvjvg gyiwk` iwPZ ÔAvkvi Qj‡b fzwjÕ n‡”Q- gaym~`b
5. ÔAwi›`gÕ A_©- kÎæ `gbKvix| `‡Ëi RxebxMÖš’|
6. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g m‡bU- e½fvlv| 25. AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi RbK- gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
7. Ôey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †iuvÕ GKwU- cÖnmb| 26. c„w_ex‡Z cÖ_g m‡bU iPbv K‡ib- †cÎvK©|
8. Ô†gNbvèa Kve¨Õ cÖKvwkZ nq- 1861 mv‡j| 27. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g Uªv‡RwW bvUK- ÔK…òKzgvixÕ|
9. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi g~jfveÑ †`k‡cÖg| 28. ÔcvVvBe ivgvby‡R kgb-fe‡bÕ Gi c‡ii PiY †KvbwU-
10. Ô†gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õi lô mM© ÔeaÕ †_‡K Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ Ôj¼vi Kj¼ AvwR fwÄe Avn‡e|Õ
†gNbv`Õ KweZv †bIqv n‡q‡Q| 29. Kve¨-MV‡b m‡b‡Ui Drm †Kv_vq- BZvwj‡Z|
11. gaym~`b iwPZ cÖ_g we‡qvMvšÍK bvUK- ÔK…òKzgvixÕ| 30. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g cÎKve¨ iPwqZv- gaym~`b `Ë|
12. ÔivÿmivRvbyRÕ ejv n‡q‡Q- wefxlY‡K| 31. Ô¯’vYyÕ A_©- wbðj|
13. Ô†gNbv` eaÕ Kv‡e¨ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q- wZb w`b `yB ivwÎi NUbv| 32. gaym~`b `Ë wLª÷ag© MÖnY K‡ib- 1843 mv‡j|
14. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi Q›`- AwgÎvÿi(Aÿie„Ë)| 33. gaym~`b `‡Ëi wcÖq b`- K‡cvZvÿ|
15. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi cÖwZ Pi‡Y gvÎvweb¨vm- 34. evmeÎvm n‡”Q- †gNbv`|
8 + 6 = 14| 35. Ô†KvwcÕ A_©- µz×|
16. ÔivgP›`ªÕ †h es‡ki- iNyesk| 36. †gNbv` c~Rv KiwQj- AwMœ‡èZvi|
17. †gNbv‡ì hÁvMv‡ii bvg- wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMvi| 37. Z¯‹i n‡”Q- j²Y|
18. ivNevwi n‡”Q- iveY, †gNbv`| 38.ÔAvneÕ A_©- hy×|
19. ÔivN‡ei `vm ZzwgÕ-GLv‡b ÔivNeÕÑ ivgP›`ª| 39. †gNbv‡ì wcZvgnxi bvg- wbKlv|
20. ÔwU‡gvw_ †cb‡cv‡qgÕ Kvi QÙbvg- gaym~`b `Ë| 40. Ô--- hvi bxPmn, bxP †m `yg©wZÕ k~b¨¯’v‡b em‡e- ÔMwZÕ|
4
KweZvi g~jcvV I mnR evsjv:

g~j KweZv mnR evsjv kãv_©
[‡gNbv`]
ÒGZÿ‡YÓ- Awi›`g Kwnjv welv‡`, †gNbv` AZ¨šÍ `ytLfvivµvšÍ n‡q ejj Awi›`g = Awi ev kÎæ‡K `gbKvix| GLv‡b
Rvwbby †Kg‡b Avwm j²Y cwkj j²Y †Kgb K‡i ivÿm-M„‡n cÖ‡ek Kij Zv †gNbv`| welv` = `ytL-Kó| Rvwbby =
iÿcy‡i! nvq, ZvZ, DwPZ wK Ze Rvbjvg! †n, PvPv, G KvR Kiv Kx †Zvgvi Rvbjvg| cwkj = cÖ‡ek Kij| iÿcyi =
G KvR? wbKlv mZx †Zvgvi Rbbx! DwPZ? c~YëZx wbKlv [ive‡Yi gv] †ZvgviI gv! ivÿm‡ì evmM„n| ZvZ = wcZ…e¨ ev PvPv|
m‡nvì i‡ÿv‡kÖó! k~wjk¤¢~wbf GKB gv‡qi ‡c‡U Rb¥ †bIqv fvB [m‡nvì] wbKlv = ive‡Yi gvZv| m‡nvì =
Kz¤¢KY©! åvZ…cyÎ evmewRqx! ivÿm-ivR iveY! Av‡iK fvB Kz¤¢KY©, whwb k~j GKB gv‡qi †c‡U Rb¥| k¤¢~ = wke ev
wbRM„nc_, ZvZ, †`LvI Z¯‹‡i? nv‡Z wk‡ei g‡Zv! †Zvgvi fvB‡qi †Q‡j ‡èZv gnv‡è|
PÛv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡q? B‡›`ªi [evme] weiæ‡× hy‡× Rqx! wb‡Ri N‡ii Kz¤¢KY© = ive‡Yi fvB| evme = B›`ª|
wKš‘ bvwn MwÄ †Zvgv, ¸iæRb Zzwg c_ †Pvi‡K †`LvI? PÛvj‡K [bxPz RvZ †evSv‡Z] evmeweRqx = B›`ª‡K Rq K‡i‡Q †h
wcZ…Zzj¨| Qvo Øvi, hve A¯¿vMv‡i, ivRM„‡n emvI? (†gNbv`)| Z¯‹i = †Pvi| Avjq = M„n|
cvVvBe ivgvby‡R kgb-fe‡b, Z‡e †Zvgv‡K wZi¯‹vi Kie bv, KviY Zzwg MwÄ = wZi¯‹vi Kwi| ivgvbyR = iv‡gi AbyR
wcZvi mgvb ¸iæRb| ìRv †Q‡o `vI, A¯¿- ev †QvU fvB| kgb-feb = hgvjq ev
j¼vi Kj¼ AvwR fwÄe Avn‡e|Ó KviLvbvq hve, iv‡gi †QvU fvB‡K [j²Y] g„Zz¨cyix| fwÄe = webó ev `~i Kie|
hgvj‡q cvVve, Avne = hy×|
AvR hy‡×i Øviv j¼vi Kj¼ `~i Kie|
[wefxlY]
DËwijv wefxlY,Òe„_v G mvabv, wefxlY DËi Kij, †Zvgvi G †Póv e„_v eyw×gvb DËwijv = DËi Kij| axgvb = eyw×gvb|
axgvb&| ivNe`vm Avwg; Kx cÖKv‡i evjK| Avwg ivgP‡›`ªi [ iNyes‡ki mšÍvb] `vm; ivNe = iNyes‡ki mšÍvb| iwÿ‡Z = iÿv
Zvnvi wec‡ÿ KvR Kwie, iwÿ‡Z Kxfv‡e ‡Zvgvi Aby‡iva iÿv Kivi Rb¨ Zvi Ki‡Z|
Aby‡iva? wec‡ÿ KvR Kie|
[‡gNbv`]
DËwijv KvZ‡i ivewY;- ive‡Yi †Q‡j KvZifv‡e DËi Kij; ivewY = ive‡Yi †Q‡j(‡gNbv`)| wcZ…e¨ =
Ò†n wcZ…e¨, Ze ev‡K¨ Bw”Q gwiev‡i †n PvPv, †Zvgvi evK¨ ï‡b gi‡Z B”Qv nq| PvPv| Bw”Q = B”Qv Kwi|
ivN‡ei `vm Zzwg? †Kg‡b I gy‡L Zzwg ivgP‡›`ªi `vm? IB gy‡L G K_v †Kgb K‡i
Avwb‡j G K_v, ZvZ, Kn Zv `v‡m‡i Avb‡j Zv ej Avgv‡K|
¯’vwcjv weay‡i wewa ¯’vbyi jjv‡U; Puv`‡K weavZv wbðj AvKv‡k ¯’vcb Ki‡j ¯’vwcjv = ¯’vcb Ki‡j| weay = Puv`| wewa =
cwo wK f~Z‡j kkx hvb MovMwo ‡m Puv` wK a~jvq MovMwo K‡i? †n ivÿmexi weavZv| ¯’vbyi jjvU = wbðj AvKvk| kkx=
a~jvq? †n i‡ÿvi_x, fzwj‡j †Kg‡b Zzwg †K Zv †Kgb K‡i fz‡j †M‡j? †Zvgvi Rb¥ Puv`| Kzj = esk| m‡ivei = cyKzi|
‡K Zzwg? Rbg Ze †Kvb gnvKz‡j? †Kvb gnves‡k? Aag ivg †K? ¯^”Q cyKz‡i ‡Kwj = †Ljv K‡i| c¼R-Kvbb = cÙdz‡ji
‡K ev †m Aag ivg? ¯^”Q m‡ive‡i cÙdz‡ji evMv‡b †h ivR nuvm †Ljv K‡i evMvb| ivRnsm = ivRnuvm| cw¼j mwjj =
K‡i †Kwj ivRnsm c¼R-Kvb‡b †m wK KLbI Ggb K`©gv³ cvwb‡Z hvq †hLv‡b K`©gv³ Rj| ˆkevj = †kIjv| g„‡M›`ª =
hvq wK †m Kfz, cw¼j mwj‡j, †kIjv¸‡”Qi Ae¯’vb? cïivR| †Kkix = †Kkihy³| m¤¢v‡l =
ˆkevj`‡ji avg? g„‡M›`ª †Kkix, wmsn wK KLbI †kqv‡ji m‡½ eÜzZ¡ K‡i? m‡¤^vab K‡i| k„Mvj = †kqvj| wgÎ = eÜz|
K‡e, †n exi‡Kkix, m¤¢v‡l k„Mv‡j Avwg g~L© `vm, Avcwb weÁ Awew`Z = ARvbv|
wgÎfv‡e? AÁ `vm, weÁZg Zzwg, †Zvgvi Kv‡Q wKQz ARvbv bq| PiY = cv| k~i = exi|
Awew`Z b‡n wKQz †Zvgvi Pi‡Y|
ÿz`ªgwZ bi, k~i, j²Y; bwn‡j j²Y Ggb exi †h †QvUg‡bi gvbyl; Zv bv n‡j
A¯¿nxb †hv‡a wK †m m‡¤^v‡a msMÖv‡g? †m wK A¯¿nxb‡K hy‡× Avnevb Rvbvq?
Kn, gnvi_x, G wK gnvi_xcÖ_v? ‡n gnvexi, Zzwg ej G wK gnvex‡ii cÖ_v?
bvwn wkï j¼vcy‡i, ïwb bv nvwm‡e j¼vcy‡i Ggb wkï †bB †h G K_v ï‡b nvm‡e
5
G K_v! Qvon c_; Avwme wdwiqv bv! c_ †Q‡o `vI; GLwb wd‡i Avme! AvR
GLwb! ‡`wLe AvwR, †Kvb& †èe‡j †`Le †Kvb †èZvi kw³‡Z KzPµx j²Y
wegy‡L mg‡i †gv‡i †mŠwgwÎ KzgwZ! [mywgÎvi †Q‡j] Avgv‡K hy‡× civwRZ K‡i| wegy‡L = civwRZ K‡i| mgi = hy×| †mŠwgwÎ
†è-ˆ`Z¨-bi-i‡Y, ¯^P‡ÿ †`‡LQ, ‡è-‰`Z¨-gvby‡li hy‡× Zzwg mvnm †`‡LQ! GB = mywgÎvi mšÍvb j²Y| iY = hy‡×i gq`vb|
iÿt‡kÖô, civµg `v‡mi! Kx †`wL `ye©j gvbe‡K †`‡L Avwg fq cve †Kb? Wwi‡e = fq cv‡e| wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMvi =
Wwi‡e G `vm †nb `ye©j gvb‡e? †gNbv‡ì c~Rvi ¯’vb| cÖMj&‡f =
wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i cÖMj&‡f cwkj wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i [ †gNbv‡ì c~Rvi ¯’vb ] wbf©xKwP‡Ë| bivag = gvby‡li g‡a¨ Aag|
`¤¢x; AvÁv Ki `v‡m, kvw¯Í biva‡g| AnsKvix jÿY wbf©xKwP‡Ë cÖ‡ek Kij| G b›`b-Kvbb = my›ì evMvb| å‡g = ågY
Ze Rb¥cy‡i, ZvZ, c`vc©Y K‡i `vm‡K Av‡`k Ki, Aag gvbyl‡K kvw¯Í w`B| K‡i| cÖdzjø = dzUšÍ| Kgj = cÙ| KxU =
ebevmx! †n weavZt, b›`b-Kvb‡b PvPv †Zvgvi Rb¥¯’v‡b ebevmx [wbe©vwmZ] cÖ‡ek †cvKv-gvKo|
å‡g `~ivPvi ‰`Z¨? cÖdzjø Kg‡j KxUevm? K‡i! my›ì evMv‡b Lvivc eënviKvix ˆ`Z¨ mwne = mn¨ Kie|
Kn ZvZ, mwne †Kg‡b ågY K‡i? dzUšÍ cÙdz‡j †cvKvgvK‡oi evm?
‡nb Acgvb Avwg,- åvZ…-cyÎ Ze? ej PvPv, †Zvgvi fvB‡qi †Q‡j n‡q GB Acgvb
ZzwI, †n i‡ÿvgwY, mwnQ †Kg‡b?Ó Avwg Kxfv‡e mn¨ Kie? †n ivÿm‡kÖô ZzwgI
Kxfv‡e mn¨ KiQ?
[wefxlY]
gnvgš¿-e‡j h_v b¤ªwkit dYx, gng‡š¿i kw³‡Z mvc †hgb gv_vbZ K‡i iv‡L dYx = mvc| e`b = gyL| i_x = exi| iveY-
gwjbe`b jv‡R, DËwijv i_x GgbB gwjbgy‡L j¾vebZ n‡q ive‡Yi †QvU AbyR = wefxlY| iveY-AvZ¥R = †gNbv`|
iveY-AbyR, jwÿ iveY- AvZ¥‡R; fvB [iveY-AbyR= wefxlY] ive‡Yi †Q‡j‡K fr©m = wZi¯‹vi Ki| gRvBjv = wec`MÖ¯Í
Òbwn †`vlx Avwg, erm; e„_v fr©m †gv‡i jÿ¨ K‡i DËi Kij; Avwg †`vlx bB; Zzwg Ki‡j| gwRjv = wec`MÖ¯Í n‡j|
Zzwg! wbR Kg©-‡`v‡l, nvq, gRvBjv Avgv‡K e„_v wZi¯‹vi KiQ! ivRv Zzwg wb‡Ri
G KbK j¼v ivRv, gwRjv Avcwb! Kg©‡`v‡l ¯^Y©j¼v‡K wec`MÖ¯Í Ki‡j, wb‡RI
weiZ mZZ cv‡c †èKzj; G‡e wec`MÖ¯Í n‡j! †è-‡èZviv memgq cvc †_‡K
cvcc~Y© j¼vcyix; cÖj‡q †hgwZ weiZ _v‡K; wKš‘ GLb ¯^Y©j¼v cv‡c c~Y©; So- mZZ = memgq| cÖjq = So| emyav =
emyav, Wzwe‡Q j¼v G Kvjmwj‡j! SÅvq c„w_exi Ae¯’v †hgb nq, GB S‡o j¼vi c„w_ex| Kvjmwjj = So|
ivN‡ei c`vkÖ‡q iÿv‡_© AvkÖqx Ae¯’v †Zgwb jÛfÛ! †mB Rb¨ Avwg ivN‡ei
†ZuB Avwg|ci‡`v‡l †K Pv‡n gwR‡Z? Kv‡Q AvkÖq wb‡qwQ| A‡bï ‡`v‡l †K †`vlx n‡Z
Pvq? †ZuB = †mB Rb¨|
[‡gNbv`]
†gNbv` †i‡M û¼vi Kij, †hgb iv‡Zi AvKv‡k evmeÎvm = †gNbv`[ B‡›`ªi Rb¨ Îvm ]|
iæwljv evmeÎvm! M¤¢x‡i †hgwZ
†gN MR©b K‡i ‡K‡c I‡V,kw³kvjx exi‡kÖô M¤¢x‡i = M¤¢xi kã K‡i| wbkx‡_ = iv‡Z|
wbkx‡_ A¤^‡i g‡›`ª Rxg~‡Z›`ª †Kvcx,
ejj, ag©c_Mvgx ‡n ivÿmivRvbyR, weL¨vZ A¤î = AvKvk| Rxg~‡Z›`ª = †g‡Ni WvK|
Kwnjv ex‡i›`ª ejx,Ñ ag©c_Mvgx
RM‡Z Zzwg; Ñ †Kvb& ag© g‡Z, Kn `v‡m, ïwb, ex‡i›`ª = exi‡kÖô| ivÿmivRvbyR= wefxlY|
‡n ivÿmivRvbyR, weL¨vZ RM‡Z
ÁvwZZ¡, åvZ…Z,¡ RvwZ,-G mK‡j w`jv
Zzwg; Ñ †Kvb& ag© g‡Z, Kn `v‡m, ïwb,
RjvÄwj? kv‡¯¿ e‡j, ciRb hw` ¸Yevb nq Avi
ÁvwZZ¡, åvZ…Z,¡ RvwZ,-G mK‡j w`jv
AvcbRb ¸Ynxb nq ZeyI wbM©yY ¯^Rb DËg, ci
RjvÄwj? kv‡¯¿ e‡j, ¸Yevb hw`
memgq ciB _v‡K!
ciRb, ¸Ynxb ¯^Rb, Z_vwc
wbM©yY ¯^Rb †kÖqt, cit cit m`v!
†n ivÿm‡kÖô G wkÿv Zzwg †Kv_vq †c‡j? `yg©wZ = Amr|
G wkÿv †n i‡ÿvei, †Kv_vq wkwL‡j?
wKš‘ GB mvÿv‡Z †Zvgv‡K wZi¯‹vi Kiv e„_v
wKš‘ e„_v MwÄ †Zvgv! †nb mnev‡m,
n‡e! †n PvPv, ee©i AvPiY †Kb wkL‡e bv?
†n wcZ…e¨, ee©iZv †Kb bv wkwL‡e?
hvi Pjv-‡div bxP ev nxb gvby‡li mv‡_ †m-I
MwZ hvi bxP mn, bxP †m `yg©wZ|Ó
Amr|
6
bv¤^vwis-ey‡jwUb : †jLK-cwiwPwZ 5. Ôexiv½bv Kve¨Õ(evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g cÎKve¨, 11wU cÎ)|

[wZ‡jvËgvm¤¢e Kv‡eï bvwqKv eªRv½bv GKRb exiv½bv]
1. wefxlY evbvb mZK©Zv| Ô†gNbvèa Kve¨Õ(1861)- GwU evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g mv_©K gnvKve¨
2. gaym~`b evbvb mZK©Zv| Ô†n±iea(gnvKwe †nvgv‡ii ÔBwjqvWÕ gnvKv‡eï Amgvß M`¨ iPbv)
3. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Rb¥ 1824 mv‡ji 25 Rvbyqvwi| 24. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë gviv hvb- 1873 mv‡ji 29 Ryb|
4. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Rb¥¯’vb h‡kvi †Rjvi †Kkecyi _vbvaxb 25. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †Kv_vq gviv hvb- KjKvZvq|
mvMiùvwo MÖv‡g|
5. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi wcZvi bvg- ivRbvivqY `Ë| gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë m¤úwK©Z 10wU G·K¬zwmf Z_¨:
6. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi gvZvi bvg- Rvýex †èx|
1. evsjv mvwn‡Zï hyMcÖeZ©K Kwe|
7. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi cÖv_wgK wkÿv m¤úbœ nq gv‡qi ZË¡veav‡b|
2. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g we‡`ªvnx Kwe(mvwnwZ¨K I mvgvwRK we‡`ªvn)|
8. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë KjKvZvi wn›`y K‡j‡R mßg †kÖwY‡Z fwZ© nbÑ 3. AvaywbK evsjv KweZvi RbK|
1833 mv‡j| 4. AvaywbK evsjv bvU‡Ki RbK|
9. 1843 mv‡j 19 eQi eq‡m wLª÷ag© MÖnY Kivi Kvi‡Y Zuvi bv‡gi 5. cÖ_g mv_©K evsjv gnvKv‡eï ¯ªóv|
ïiæ‡Z gvB‡Kj †hvM nq| 6. evsjv fvlvq AwgÎvÿi Q‡›ì cÖeZ©K|
10. Zuv‡K wn›`y K‡jR Z¨vM Ki‡Z nqÑ ag©všÍwiZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y| 7. evsjv m‡b‡Ui cw_K…r|
11. wn›`y K‡jR Z¨vM K‡I wZwb fwZ© nbÑ wkecy‡ii wekc&m K‡j‡R| 8. mv_K© evsjv Uªv‡RwW I K‡gwWi cÖ_g iPwqZv|
12. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †hme fvlv Rvb‡ZbÑ wMÖK, jvwZb, wneªæ, 9. mv_K© evsjv cÖnm‡bi iƒcKvi|
Bs‡iwR, ms¯‹…Z, divwm, Rvg©vwb, BZvjxq| 10. evsjvi †i‡bmuvm ev beRvMi‡Yi cÖ_g Kwe|
13. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë wn›`y K‡j‡Ri QvÎve¯’vq mvwnZ¨ iPbv K‡i‡QbÑ
Kwe-cwiwPwZ m¤úwK©Z AviI ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨:
Bs‡iwR fvlvq|
14. gaym~`b c~e© evsjv KweZvi Q›` wQjÑ cqvi| • gaym~`‡bi cÖej †`k‡cÖg I gvZ…fvlv-cÖxwZi cÖej cÖKvk N‡U‡Q-
15. cqv‡ii Abo cÖ_v wQjÑ GK Pi‡Yi †k‡l Av‡iK Pi‡Yi wgj ev m‡b‡U|
PiYvwšÍK wgj| • Ô`‡ËvKz‡jv™¢e Kwe- gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
16. gaym~`b ÔG cÖ_v‡K †f‡O w`‡jbÕ- GLv‡b †h cÖ_vi K_v ejv P‡q‡QÑ • gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi cÖavb Ae`vb- gnvKve¨ iPbv|
cqv‡ii GK Pi‡Yi †k‡l Av‡iK Pi‡Yi wgj ev PiYvwšÍK wg‡ji cÖ_v| • gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ I cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g evsjv MÖš’- Ôkwg©ôvÕ|
17. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë cÖewZ©Z Q›`‡K ejv nqÑ AwgÎvÿi Q›`| • gaym~`b `Ë †PZbvq †ivg¨vw›UK, Avw½‡K K¬¨vwmK ev aªæc`x|
18. †Kvb Q›` Aÿie„Ë Q‡›ìB be iƒcvqYÑ AwgÎvÿi Q›`| • Zuvi mvwn‡Zï cÖavb myi- †`k‡cÖg, ¯^vaxbZvi †PZbv I cybR©vMiY;
19. evsjv m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©KÑ gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë| we‡kl K‡i bvixRvMiY|
20. m‡bU A_© PZz`©kc`x KweZv| • gaym~`b `Ë c~e©eZ©x evsjv KweZvi Q›` wQj cqvi| cqv‡i wQj
21. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ bvUKmg~n: Ôkwg©ôvÕ(1859)- gaym~`b AšÍ¨wgj|
iwPZ I cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g evsjv MÖš’ 2. ÔcÙveZxÕ 3. ÔK…òKzgvixÕ(cÖ_g evsjv • m‡b‡Ui `y‡Uv Ask- AóK Octave ev , lôK ev Sestet |
mv_©K Uªv‡RwW) 4. KxwZ©wejvm 5. ïf`ªv 6. wel bv gay¸Y • ÔwU‡gvw_ †cb‡cv‡qgÕ- Kwei QÙbvg|
7. gvqvKvbb(Am¤ú~Y© bvUK) 8. wiwRqv (Bs‡iwR fvlvq †jLv Amgvß • Ô†gNbvèa Kve¨Õ- exii‡mi Kve¨|
bvU¨-Kve¨)| [K…òKzgvix I kwg©ôv gnvbvwqKv cÙveZxi g‡Zv my›ìx] • Ô†gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õ cÖej cÖKvk N‡U‡Q- †`k‡cÖ‡gi|
22. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ cÖnmbmg~n: 1. ÔG‡KB wK e‡j
• gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë †h kZ‡Ki Kwe- Dwbk kZK|
mf¨Zv?Õ(welqe¯‘- beë½xq evey m¤úª`v‡qi myivcvb[g`] I Bs‡iR
• †cÎvK© wQ‡jb- BZvwjqvb Kwe|
AvbyM‡Zï cÖwZ e¨½)
2. Ôey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †iuvÕ(welqe¯‘- j¤úU Rwg`v‡ii AvPvi-eënvi I • Ô†gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õ mM© msL¨v- 9wU|(1. Awf‡lK, 2. A¯¿jvf, 3.
mgvMg, 4. A‡kvKeb, 5. D‡`¨vM, 6. ea, 7. kw³wb‡f©`,
cÖRvMY KZ…©K DwPZ wkÿv) [G‡KB wK e‡j mf¨Zv †h ey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o
8. †cÖZcyix, 9. msw¯Œqv|)
†iuv w`‡e]|
• gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi eÜzi bvg- ivRbvivqY emy|
23. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ Kve¨mg~n: 1. ‘Captive
• gaym~`‡bi cwiPq- bvU¨Kvi, Kwe, eûfvlvwe`|
Lady’(1849)-cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ MÖš’ 2. ÔeªRv½bv Kve¨Õ(ivav-K…ò welqK
MxwZKve¨) 3. ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvejxÕ(102 wU m‡b‡Ui msKjb) 4. • evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g m‡bU- Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZv|
ÔwZ‡jvËgvm¤¢e Kve¨Õ(AwgÎvÿi Q‡›` cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ MÖš)’ • Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvi c~e©bvg- ÔKwe-gvZ…fvlvÕ|
7
• gaym~`b `‡Ëi evsjv mvwnZ¨ iPbvi mgqmxgv- 7 eQi(1859- 41. †gNbv‡ì hÁvMv‡ii bvgÑ wbKzw¤¢jv|
1866)| 42. cÖMj&‡f A_© wbf©xK wP‡Ë|
• wn›`y K‡j‡Ri eZ©gvb bvg Ô†cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡jRÕ| 43. `¤¢x A_© AnsKvix|
44. kvw¯Í A_© kvw¯Í w`B(mvaviY eZ©gvb Kv‡ji wµqv)|
bv¤^vwis-ey‡jwUb : g~jcvV 45. bivagÑ gvby‡li g‡a¨ Aag(7gx Zrcyiæl mgvm)|
46. b›`b Kvbb A_© my›ì evMvb ev ¯^M©xq D`¨vb|
1. Awi›`g n‡”QÑ Awi ev kÎæ‡K `gb K‡i †h| GLv‡b †gNbv`‡K
47. Kgj A_© cÙ|
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
48. i‡ÿvgwY A_© ivÿm‡kÖô|
2. Rvwbby A_© Rvbjvg|
49. dYx A_© mvc|
3. Ôj²YÕ evbvb mZK©Zv|
50. gwjbe`b A_© gwjb gyL(gwjb †h e`b-Kg©aviq mgvm)|
4. ZvZ A_© wcZ…e¨ ev PvPv|
51. i_x A_© exi|
5. wbKlvÑ ive‡Yi gv|
51G. iveY-AbyR A_© ive‡Yi †QvU fvB| GLv‡b wefxlY|
6. m‡nvìÑ GKB gv‡qi †c‡U Rb¥ hvi|
52. jwÿ A_© jÿ Kwi|
7. k~wjk¤¢~wbfÑ wÎk~j nv‡Z wk‡ei g‡Zv|
53. iveY-AvZ¥R A_© ive‡Yi †Q‡j| GLv‡b †gNbv`|
8. Kz¤¢KY©Ñ ive‡Yi GK fvB| hy‡× cÖ_g †mbvcwZ wQj|
54. fr©m A_© wZi¯‹vi K‡iv|
9. evmeweRqxÑ ÔevmeÕ n‡”Q †èivR B›`ª| hy‡× B›`ª‡K Rq K‡i‡Q e‡j
55. gRvBjv A_© wec`MÖ¯Í Ki‡j|
†gNbv‡ì GK bvg evmeweRqx| B›`ªwRr|
56. KbK-j¼v A_© ¯^Y©j¼v|
10. Z¯‹i A_© †Pvi|
57. mZZ A_© me mgq|
11. PÛvjÑ bxPz Rv‡Zi †jvK A‡_©|
58. G†e A_© Gevi|
12. AvjqÑ M„n|
59. cÖjq A_© So|
13. MwÄÑ wZi¯‹vi Kwi(eZ©gvb Kv‡ji wµqv)|
60. emyav A_© c„w_ex|
14. ivgvbyRÑ iv‡gi AbyR ev †QvUfvB j²Y|
61. ivNe A_© iNy es‡ki mšÍvb| GLv‡b ivgP›`ª|
15. kgb-feb A_© hgvjq|
62. †ZuB A_© †mB Rb¨|
16. fwÄe A_©Ñ `~i Kie ev webó Kie|
63. Ôci‡`v‡l †K Pv‡n gwR‡ZÕ A_© c‡ii †`v‡l †K wec`MÖ¯Í n‡Z PvB|
17. Avne A_© hy×|
64. iæwljv A_© iv‡M MR©b Kij|
17G. Abyaveb|
65. evmeÎvm A_© evme ev B‡›`ªi Rb¨ f‡qi KviY †h| GLv‡b †gNbv`|
18. DËwijv A_© DËi Kij|
66. wbkx‡_ A_© iv‡Z|
19. axgvb A_© eyw×gvb|
67. A¤^‡i A_© AvKv‡k|
20. ivNe`vm A_© ivgP‡›`ªi AvÁven| ivNe`vm n‡”QÑ wefxlY|
68. g‡›`ª A_© kã K‡i|
21. ivewYÑ ive‡Yi mšÍvb †gNbv`|
69. Rxg~‡Z›`ªÑ †g‡Ni WvK|
22. wcZ…e¨ A_© PvPv|
70. †Kvwc A_© †Ku‡c I‡V|
23. Bw”Q A_© B”Qv Kwi(eZ©gvb Kv‡ji wµqv)|
71. ex‡i›`ª A_© exi‡kÖô|
24. weay A_© Puv`|
72. ejx A_© kw³kvjx|
25. ¯’vYyi jjvU A_© wbðj AvKvk|
73. ivÿmivRvbyR A_© ivÿm iv‡Ri AbyR| GLv‡b wefxlY|
26. kkx A_© Puv`|
74. RjvÄwj A_© m¤ú~Y© cwiZ¨vM Kiv|
27. gnvKzj A_© gnvb esk|
75. †kÖqt A_© †kÖô|
28. m‡ivei A_© cyKzi|
76. MwÄ A_© wZi¯‹vi Kwi|
29. †Kwj A_© †Ljv K‡i|
77. MwZÑ GLv‡b Pjv‡div A‡_©|
30. c¼R-Kvbb A_© cÙdz‡ji evMvb|
78. `yg©wZ A_© Amr ev `yR©b|
31. cw¼j mwjj A_© K`©gv³ Rj|
32. ˆkevj`‡ji avg A_© k¨vIjvi ¸”Q|
33. g„‡M›`ª †Kkix A_© cïivR wmsn| bv¤^vwis-ey‡jwUb : kãv_©-UxKv
34. m¤¢v‡l A_© m¤¢vlY K‡i| 1. wefxlY- ive‡Yi Kwbô m‡nvì|
35. k~i A_© exi| 2. cwkj A_© cÖ‡ek Kij|
36. gnvi_x A_© gnvexi| 3. ivNeÑ iNyes‡ki †kÖô mšÍvb| ivNe Øviv ivgP›`ª‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
37. wegy‡L A_© civwRZ K‡i| 4. ivNe`vm A_© ivgP‡›`ªi AvÁven| ivNe`vm n‡”QÑ wefxlY|
38. mgi A_© hy×| 5. g„‡M›`ª A_© cïivR wmsn|
39. †mŠwgwÎÑ mywgÎvi mšÍvb e‡j j²‡Yi GKbvg †mŠwgwÎ| 6. mywgÎvi Mf©RvZ mšÍvb e‡j j²‡Yi Aci bvg †mŠwgwÎ|
40. Wwi‡e A_© fq Kwi‡e|
8
7. wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i †gNbv` c~RviZ wQjÑ Bó‡èZv êk¦vbi ev cÖkœ-2: Ôg„‡M›`ª‡Kkix, K‡e, †n exi †Kkix, m¤¢v‡l k„Mvj wgÎfv‡eÕ
AwMœ‡`‡ei| K_vwU Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
8. cÖMj&‡f A_© wbf©xK wP‡Ë| DËi: Ôg„‡M›`ª‡Kkix, K‡e, †n exi‡Kkix, m¤¢v‡l k„Mv‡j wgÎfv‡eÕÑ G
9. `¤¢x A_© `¤¢ ev AnsKvi K‡i †h| `vw¤¢K| K_vwU Øviv gh©v`vm¤úbœ Kv‡iv mv‡_ †h wbPz¯Í‡ii eÜzZ¡ n‡Z cv‡i bv,
10. b›`b Kvbb n‡”QÑ ¯^‡M©i D`¨vb| †mwUB †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
11. g›`ª A_© kã ev aŸwb|
j²Y‡K nZ¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨ †gNbv` A¯¿vMv‡ii c_ Qvo‡Z ej‡j wefxlY
12. Ô†g‡Ni WvKÕ GK_vqÑ wRg~‡Z›`ª|
Rvbvb †h, wZwb G KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| †Kbbv, wZwb iv‡gi AvÁven
13. bxP A_© nxb| wbK…ó| BZi|
e‡j Zuvi c‡¶ iv‡gi weiæ‡× KvR Kiv m¤¢e bq| Zvi G DËi ï‡b
bv¤^vwis-ey‡jwUb : cvV-cwiwPwZ †gNbv`, wefxlY‡K ¯§iY Kwi‡q †Ìqvi †Póv K‡ib †h, j¼vi
1. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU Ô†gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õ-i e‡av(ea) †kªô es‡k Zuvi Rb¥| A_P wbgœ‡kªwYi iv‡gi `vm e‡j wb‡R‡K Kjw¼Z
bvgK lô mM© †_‡K msKwjZ| Ki‡jb wZwb| GgZve¯’vq †gNbv` wefxlY‡K GUvI g‡b Kwi‡q †`b †h,
wms‡ni KLbI †kqv‡ji mv‡_ eÜzZ¡ nq bv|
2. Ô†gNbvèa Kv‡e¨Õ-i bvgK lô m‡M©i bvgÑ e‡av(ea)|
3. Ô†gNbvèa Kve¨Õ †gvU 9wU m‡M© web¨¯Í| (mM©¸‡jv n‡”QÑ1. Awf‡lK, 2. cÖkœ-3: Ô†n wcZ…e¨, Ze ev‡K¨ Bw”Q gwiev‡iÕÑ †gNbv` †Kb G K_v
A¯¿jvf, 3. mgvMg, 4. A‡kvKeb, 5. D‡`¨vM, 6. ea, 7. kw³wb‡f©`, 8. e‡j‡Qb?
†cÖZcyix, 9. msw¯Œqv|) DËi: iv¶m‡kªô ive‡Yi fvB wefxlY wb‡R‡K iv‡gi `vm e‡j cwiPq
4. ¯^Y©j¼v n‡”QÑ ØxcivR¨| †Ìqvq †gNbv` cig `yt‡L GK_v e‡j‡Qb|
5. †gNbv` †mbvcwZ nIqvi c~‡e© hy‡× wbnZ †mbvcwZØqÑ ive‡Yi åvZv
Kz¤¢KY© I iveYcyÎ exievû| j²Y‡K DwPZ wk¶v w`‡Z A¯¿vMv‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ wefxlY‡K c_ Qvo‡Z
6. †gNbv` c~Rv Ki‡Z gbw¯’i K‡iÑ Bó‡èZv AwMœ‡`‡ei| e‡jb †gNbv`| wek¦vmNvZK wefxlY c_ Qvo‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvb|
7. j²Y kZ kZ cÖnwii †PvL duvwK w`‡q wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡iÑ GQvovI wefxlY e‡jb †h, wZwb ivNe`vm| Zuvi c‡¶ iv‡gi
gvqv‡`wei AvbyK‚‡j¨ I wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq| wec‡¶ hvIqv m¤¢e bq| wefxl‡Yi GB j¾vRbK K_v ï‡b †gNbv`
8. evbvb mZK©ZvÑ B‡Zvg‡a¨| `yt‡L g‡i hvIqvi I B‡”Q †cvlY K‡ib|
9. gaym~`b †h kZ‡Ki KweÑ Dwbk kZK| cÖkœ-4: Ôbvwn wkï j¼vcy‡i, ïwb bv nvwm‡e G K_vÕÑ †Kb ejv n‡q‡Q?
10. gaym~`b Ô†gNbv` eaÕ Kv‡eï Kvwnwb wb‡q‡QbÑ ÔivgvqYÕ †_‡K|
DËi: A¯¿nxb †gNbv‡ì Kv‡Q A¯¿mv‡R mw¾Z j²‡Yi hy× cÖv_©bv †h
11. †i‡bmuvm ev beRvMi‡Yi mviK_vÑ gvbe‡Kw›`ªKZv| AZ¨šÍnvm¨Ki †m K_vB G Dw³wU Øviv e¨³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
12. gaym~`‡bi †jLbx‡Z ivgvq‡Yi ivg-j²Y Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡QÑ nxbiƒ‡c|
13. gaym~`‡bi †jLbx‡Z ivÿmivR iveY I Zvi cyÎ †gNbv` Dc¯’vwcZ hÁiZ †gNbv`‡K Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ j²Y Z‡jvqvi †Kvlgy³ Ki‡j
n‡q‡QÑ hveZxq gvbexq ¸‡Yi aviKiƒ‡c| †gNbv` hy×mvR MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mgq cÖv_©bv K‡ib j²‡Yi Kv‡Q| wZwb
14. gaym~`‡bi ggZv I kÖ×vÑ iveY I Zvi cyÎ †gNbv‡ì cÖwZ| j²Y‡K G K_vI ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`b †h, hy‡× ex‡ii ag© n‡”Q
15. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU 14 gvÎvi Awgj cÖengvb mvgbvmvgwb hy× Kiv| A¯¿mv‡R mw¾‡Zi mv‡_ wbi‡¯¿i hy× nq bv|
hw`¯^vaxb Aÿie„Ë Q‡›` iwPZ| wKš‘ ex‡ii AvPiY‡K Kjw¼Z K‡i j²Y Rvbvb, wZwb †h‡Kv‡bv
16. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi cÖwZwU cO&w³ 8 + 6 gvÎvi `ywU †KŠk‡j kÎæ nbb Ki‡Z Pvb| j²‡Yi GB AvPi‡Yi Kvi‡YB ejv
c‡e© web¨¯Í| n‡q‡Q †h, j¼v‡Z Ggb †Kv‡bv wkï †bB †h, GK_v ï‡b nvm‡e bv|
17. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi we‡kl jÿYxq n‡”QÑ fvecÖKv‡ki cÖkœ-5: Ônvq, ZvZ, DwPZ Kx Ze/G KvR?Õ- GLv‡b †Kvb Kv‡Ri K_v ejv
cÖengvbZv| n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: GLv‡b wefxl‡Yi ÁvwZZ¡, åvZ…Z¡ Ges RvwZ RjvÄwj w`‡q
Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi: wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i ivgvbyR j²Y‡K wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i wb‡q Avmvi
Kv‡Ri K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
cÖk-œ 1: ÔwbR M„nc_, ZvZ, †`LvI Z¯‹‡i?Õ Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: j²Y‡K c_ †`wL‡q wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvjMv‡i wb‡q Avmvq wefxlY‡K Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Ô†gNbvèa-
GK_v e‡j wZi¯‹vi K‡i‡Qb †gNbv`| Kv‡eïÕ Ôe‡avÕ(ea) bvgK lô mM© †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| Kwe G As‡k
wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv` Zvui wb‡Ri cwiPq, D‡Ïk¨ Ges j²Y‡K
†èZv‡ì Avkxe©v‡` Ges wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq kZ kZ cÖnixi †PvL duvwK wefxl‡Yi mnvqZv Kiv DwPZ-AbywPZ w`K¸‡jv PgrKvifv‡e Zz‡j
w`‡q j²Y wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i Av‡mb| †mLv‡b c~RviZ wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K a‡i‡Qb| ¯^Y©j¼vcyix‡K ivgP‡›`ªi nvZ †_‡K euvPv‡Z Ges hy×Rq
hy‡× AvnŸvb Rvbvb j²Y| Gmgq AK¯§vr hÁvMv‡ii cÖ‡ekØv‡i Ki‡Z †gNbv` `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| hy‡× hvIqvi c~‡e© †gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv
wefxlY‡K †`‡L mg¯ÍwKQy eyS‡Z mg_© nb †gNbv`| ZLb hÁvMv‡i c~Rv Ki‡Z hvq| †mLv‡b gvqv‡èx Ges wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq
†gNbv` †Pv‡ii g‡Zv j²Y‡K iv¶mcyix‡Z Avbvi Rb¨ wefxlY‡K fr©mbv kÎæ j²Y cÖ‡ek K‡i wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡×i AvnŸvb Rvbvq| kÎæ‡K
K‡i D³ K_vwU e‡jb| c_ wPwb‡q N‡i wb‡q Avmv DwPZ n‡q‡Q wKbv ZvB wRÁvmv K‡i‡Qb
†gNbv` Zvi wcZ…e¨ wek¦vmNvZK wefxlY‡K|
9
cÖk-œ 6: ÒMwZ hvi bxP mn, bxP †m `yg©wZ|ÓÑ e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi: ÒQvo Øvi, hve A¯¿vMv‡i/cvVvBe ivgvby‡R kgb fe‡b,/j¼vi Kj¼
DËi: cÖ‡kœ DwjøwLZ gšÍe¨wU †gNbv` wek¦vmNvZK wefxlY Ges bivag AvwR fwÄe Avn‡e|ÓÑK_v¸‡jv †gNbv` e‡j‡Qb wek¦vmNvZK wefxlY‡K
j²Y‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i K‡i‡Qb| D‡Ïk¨ K‡i|
†gNbv` ea-Kv‡eï Ôe‡avÕ (ea) bvgK lô mM© †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ hy×hvÎvi Av‡M †gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i
Kwe GB As‡k Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Zuvi wb‡Ri cwiPq, D‡Ïk¨ Bó‡èZv AwMœ‡`‡ei c~Rv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z gbw¯’i Ki‡jb| wKš‘
Ges j²Y‡K wefxl‡Yi mnvqZv Kiv DwPZ-AbywPZ w`K¸‡jv gvqv‡èxi AvbyK‚‡j¨ Ges ive‡Yi AbyR wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq kZ kZ
Zy‡j a‡i‡Qb| j¼vcyix‡Z ivgP‡›`ªi nvZ †_‡K euvPv‡Z Ges hy×Rq cÖnixi †PvL duvwK w`‡q †mB hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i ivgvbyR
Ki‡Z †gNbv` `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| hy‡× hvIqvi Av‡M †gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv j²Y| †mLv‡b j²Y wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K Zvi mv‡_ hy‡×i AvnŸvb K‡i
hÁvMv‡i c~Rv Ki‡Z hvq| †mLv‡b gvqv‡èx Ges wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq Ges Zievwi †Kvlgy³ K‡i AvµgY K‡i| †mB
kÎæ j²Y cÖ‡ek K‡i wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡×i AvnŸvb K‡i| ZLb AvµgY cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ †gNbv` A¯¿vMv‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ wefxlY‡K
†gNbv` A¯¿vMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i hy‡×i mvR MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wefxlY‡K Aby‡iva K‡ib| KviY wefxlY A¯¿vMv‡ii Øvi †iva K‡i ùvwo‡q wQ‡jb|
Aby‡iva K‡ib| wKš‘ wefxlY Øvi †iva K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K j²Y G cÖm‡½ †gNbv` wefxlY‡K Av‡jvP¨ K_v¸‡jv e‡j‡Qb|
gnvi_x cÖ_v Agvb¨ K‡i Ab¨vqfv‡e †gNbv`‡K AvNvZ K‡i| ZLb `ytL
K‡i †gNbv` Av‡jvP¨ Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb| cÖkœ-10: j²Y‡K `ye©j gvbe e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q †Kb?
DËi: A¯¿nxb †gNbv‡ì Ici mk¯¿ AvµgY Kivi Kvi‡Y j²Y‡K `ye©j
cÖk-œ 7: ÔcÖdzj- Kg‡j KxUevmÕ- ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? gvbe wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
DËi: ÔcÖdzj- Kg‡j KxUevmÕ ej‡Z DuPz es‡k Rb¥MÖnY K‡iI
wek¦vmNvZKZv Ges nxb e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ AuvZvZ Kivi Rb¨ wefxl‡Yi iv¶mcyixi civµgkvjx exi †gNbv‡ì e³e¨ Abyhvqx j²Y AwZ
nxb ¯^fve‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| `ye©jwP‡Ëi gvbe| †Kbbv, wZwb †Pv‡ii g‡Zv jywK‡q hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i A¯¿nxb †gNbv`‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q‡Qb| A_P ex‡ii ag© n‡jv
Ô†gNbvèa-Kv‡e¨Õi lô mM© †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ A¯¿nxb Kv‡iv mv‡_ msMÖv‡g wjß bv nIqv| j²‡Yi Kvcyiæ‡lvwPZ
†gNbv`Õ KweZv| GLv‡b ivgvbyR j²Y KZ©„K iveYcyÎ †gNbv` wba‡bi êwk‡óï Kvi‡YB Zv‡K `ye©j gvbe wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Kvwnbx Kwe AwgÎv¶i Q‡›` iPbv K‡i‡Qb| ivgP›`ª ØxcivR¨ ¯^Y©j¼v
AvµgY Ki‡j †mLvbKvi ivRv iveY m¤§yLhy‡× fvB Kz¤¢KY© Ges cyÎ cÖkœ-11: wefxlY wb‡R‡K ivN‡ei `vm e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
exievû‡K nvwi‡q Amnvq n‡q c‡o| ZLb Amxg mvnmx exi cyÎ DËi: wefxlY iv‡gi ˆbwZKZvi cÖwZ AvK…ó n‡q Zuvi Av`‡k© wb‡R‡K
†gNbv`‡K †mbvcwZ K‡i cieZ©x w`‡bi hy× cwiPvjbvi wm×všÍ †bq| mgc©Y K‡i‡Qb e‡j wZwb wb‡R‡K ivN‡ei `vm e‡j‡Qb|
†gNbv` hy×hvÎvi Av‡M wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i Bó‡èZv AwMœ‡`‡ei c~Rv
m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ gbw¯’i K‡i| †mLv‡b gvqv‡èxi AvbyK‚‡j¨ Ges iv¶mivR iveY wefxl‡Yi eo fvB| iveY iv‡gi mv‡_ †h Ab¨vq
wefxl‡Yi mnvqZvq j²Y cÖ‡ek K‡i wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K AvµgY K‡i| K‡iwQ‡jb wefxlY Zv mg_©b Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| ive‡Yi †h cv‡c AvR
†gNbv` ZLb wcZ…e¨ wefxlY‡K bvbvfv‡e eywS‡q A¯¿vMv‡i hvIqvi mg¯Í j¼vcyix Kjw¼Z †m †`v‡l wefxlY wb‡R gi‡Z Pvb bv| ZvB
AbygwZ PvBj| wKš‘ wefxlY Øvi †Q‡o ùvovj bv| eis †m †h ivN‡ei iv‡gi ˆbwZKZvi cÖwZ AvK…ó n‡q wZwb Zuvi AvÁven n‡q‡Qb| Avi ZvB
`vm Zv Rvwb‡q w`j| ZLb †¶vf I `ytL cÖKvk K‡i †gNbv` Av‡jvP¨ ive‡Yi fvB nIqv m‡Ë¡I wZwb wb‡R‡K ivN‡ei `vm g‡b K‡ib|
Dw³wU K‡i‡Q|
cÖkœ-12: ÔivNe `vm AvwgÕ Kx cÖKv‡i Zuvi wec‡¶ KvR KwieÕÑ
cÖk-œ 8: ÔPÐv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡q?Õ e¨vL¨v Ki| wefxlY GK_v †Kb e‡j‡Qb?
DËi: ÔwbR M„n c_, ZvZ, †`LvI Z¯‹‡i?/PÐv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi DËi: †gNbv‡ì wZi¯‹v‡ii Rev‡e wefxlY AvZ¥c¶ mg_©b Ki‡Z wM‡q
Avj‡q?Õ Dw³wU AvZ¥‡¶v‡f †gNbv` wek¦vmNvZK wefxlY‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i cÖ‡kœvwjøwLZ Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb|
e‡jwQj| PÐv‡j ej‡Z GLv‡b ivgvbyR j²Y‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
wefxl‡Yi g‡Z, wZwb mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi c_ Aej¤^b Kivi Rb¨ iv‡gi c¶
Ô†gNbvèaÕ gnvKv‡e¨ ivgP›`ª ¯¦Y©j¼v AvµgY Ki‡j ivRv iveY Zuvi wb‡q‡Qb| iv¶mivR iveY Zuvi cvcK‡g©i Kvi‡Y j¼vi me©bvk †W‡K
Øxc ivR¨ ¯¦Y©j¼v i¶vi Rb¨ hy‡× wjß nb, †m hy‡× fvB Kz¤¢KY© Ges cyÎ G‡b‡Qb| ZvB wZwb †èZv‡ì AbyMÖncÖvß b¨vqwbô ivg‡K cÖfz wn‡m‡e
exievûi g„Zz¨ n‡j †gNbv`‡K †mbvcwZ wbe©vwPZ K‡ib| cieZx© w`b †g‡b wb‡q‡Qb| wefxlY e‡jb †h, b¨vqa‡g©i c_ Aej¤^b Kivi Rb¨
hy‡× hvIqvi Av‡M †gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i AwMœ‡`‡ei c~Rv Ki‡Z iv‡gi `v‡m cwiYZ n‡q‡Qb wZwb, d‡j Zuvi c‡¶ Avi iv‡gi
gbw¯’i K‡i| gvqv‡èxi ˆè‡KŠk‡j Ges Zvi Lyj-ZvZ wefxl‡Yi weiæ×vPiY m¤¢e bq|
mnvqZvq †mB hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i ivgvbyR j²Y †mLv‡b wbi¯¿
cÖkœ-13: †gNbv` j²Y‡K Ô¶z`ªgwZ biÕ e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
†gNbv`‡K AvµgY K‡i| †gNbv` A¯¿vMv‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z PvB‡j wefxlY
DËi: wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb Kivi Kvi‡Y †gNbv` j²Y‡K
Zv‡K evav †`q Ges Øvi †iva K‡i iv‡L| G Ae¯’vq †gNbv` Av‡jvP¨
¶z`ªgwZ bi e‡j‡Qb|
Dw³wU K‡iwQ‡jb|
KcUZvi Avkªq wb‡q j²Y †gNbv‡ì hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| GQvovI
cÖk-œ 9: ÒcvVvBe ivgvby‡R kgb fe‡b,/j¼vi Kj¼ AvwR fwÄe Avn‡e|Ó
j²Y wbi¯¿ †gNbv`‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb Rvbvb| hy×mv‡R mw¾Z j²Y
e¨vL¨v Ki|
10
A¯¿nxb †gNbv‡ì mv‡_ †h AvPiY K‡i‡Qb Zv †gv‡UI ex‡ii KvR bq| N. ÒDÏxcKwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi AvswkK iƒcvqY gvÎÓÑ
ZvB †gNbv` j²Y‡K ¶z`ªgwZ bi e‡j‡Qb| †Zvgvi gZvgZmn Dw³wU wePvi Ki|
cÖk-œ 14: †gNbv` Kxfv‡e j¼vi Kj¼ †gvPb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 3| ¯^vaxbZvi AMÖbvqK e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ mvov w`‡q
DËi: †gNbv` j²Y‡K nZ¨v K‡i j¼vi Kj¼ †gvPb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| gyw³hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡o G‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbZv| gyw³hy‡×i exi †mbvbx‡ì
†kŠh©, exh©, mvnwmKZv, KZ©e¨wbôv, †`k‡cÖg I Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q Avgiv
j¼v iv¶m‡ì ivR¨| †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv ¸ßPi ev kÎæ cÖ‡e‡ki mvnm cvq
bv wKsev cÖ‡e‡ki ¶gZvI iv‡L bv| A_P j²Y mevi †Pv‡L ay‡jv w`‡q †c‡qwQ ¯^vaxbZv| gyw³hy‡× kwn` exi‡hv×viv Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q Avgv‡ì
j¼vq cÖ‡ek K‡i iv‡Rï Kj¼ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| ZvB j²Y‡K nZ¨v w`‡q †M‡jb jvj-mey‡Ri cZvKv|
K‡i †gNbv` j¼vi Kj¼ †gvPb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| K. j²‡Yi gv‡qi bvg Kx?
L. ÔcÖdzjø Kg‡j KxUevmÕ- K_vwU eywS‡q †jL|
cÖk-œ 15: Ô†n wcZ…e¨, Ze ev‡K¨ Bw”Q gwiev‡i! ivN‡ei `vm ZzwgÕÑ M. DÏxc‡Ki gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †Kvb †Kvb êwkó¨ Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ
Dw³wU‡Z †gNbv` Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? KweZvq †gNbv‡ì Pwi‡Îi m‡½ Zzjbxq? Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi: Ô†n wcZ…e¨, Ze ev‡K¨ Bw”Q gwiev‡i! ivN‡ei `vm ZzwgÕ ÑDw³wU N. Ô‡`k‡cÖg cÖK…Z ex‡ii ag©ÕÑ DÏxcK I Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ
Øviv †evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑwefxlYI ivgP‡›`ªi AvÁven n‡q‡Q Zv ï‡b KweZv Abymi‡Y we‡kølY Ki|
†gNbv` †¶v‡f, `yt‡L, hš¿Yvq Zuvi PvPv‡K e‡j †h, G K_v ï‡b Zvi
g‡i †h‡Z B‡”Q nq| 4| iæwg wek¦we`¨vj‡q cov GK ZiæY| mvg‡b Zvi D¾¡j fwel¨r| Ggb
mgq †`‡k ïiæ n‡q †Mj gyw³hy× | G †hb evOvwji Aw¯ÍZ¡ i¶vi jovB|
†gNbv` hy‡× hvevi Av‡M wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i c~Rv w`‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i|
nVvr †mLv‡b j²Y‡K †`‡L †m AevK nq, wKš‘ mv‡_ wefxlY‡K †`‡L †`‡ki Ggb Ae¯’vq Pzc K‡i e‡m _v‡Kwb iæwg| †`kgvZ…Kvi AvnŸv‡b
†¶v‡f, `yt‡L, Acgv‡b KvKv‡Kh‡_ó wZi¯‹vi K‡i| Zv‡ì esk‡MŠie mvov w`‡q †m †hvM †`q gyw³hy‡× | cÖvYcY hy× K‡i nvbv`vi‡ì weiæ‡×|
m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kivi Rb¨ bvbv Dcgv †`q| iv¶mKz‡j Rb¥ wb‡q K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib?
wefxlY Kxfv‡e ivN‡ei c¶ †bq Zv ï‡b †gNbv‡ì g‡i †h‡Z B”Qv L. Òci‡`v‡l †K Pv‡n gwR‡Z?Ó e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
K‡i| M. DÏxc‡Ki iæwgi g‡a¨ Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡ki †Kvb
welqwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
Abykxjbxi Rb¨ m„Rbkxj cÖkœmg~n N. DÏxcKwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡ki mgMÖ fve aviY K‡i
Kx? †Zvgvi DË‡ii ¯^c‡¶ hyw³ `vI|
1| Ò¯âg© hw` ¸YnxbI nq
Zey Zv DËgiƒ‡c AbywôZ cia‡g©i ‡P‡q †kÖq;
5| cÖvPxb wMÖm cÖRvZš¿x bMi ivó« wQj| Rywjqvm wmRvi GKRb mdj
¯â‡g© wbabI fv‡jv wKš‘ ciag© fqven|Ó
†mbvcÖavb wQ‡jb| Kvjµ‡g Rywjqvm wmRvi GKbvqKZš¿ cÖwZôv Kivi
K. ÒwbM©yY ¯^Rb †kÖqt, cit cit m`v!Ó- Dw³wU Kvi?
†Póv K‡ib| Zvi G bxwZi mg_©b †`b Zvi †mœn fvRb eyUvm| cieZ©x‡Z
L. ¸Yevb ci A‡cÿv wbM©yY ¯^Rb †kÖq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki|
wm‡bUiiv iv‡ó«i Kj¨vYv‡_© ÔwmRvi‡K nZ¨v Kivi lohš¿ K‡i| eyUvm ZLb
M. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡eï m‡½ wK Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi wgj
lohš¿Kvix‡ì mv‡_ †hvM †`q| wbi¯¿ wmRvi‡K wm‡bUiiv G‡Ki ci GK
cvIqv hvq? we¯ÍvwiZ †jL|
QywiKvNvZ Ki‡Z _v‡K| hLb Zvi wcÖq eyUvm Zv‡K QywiKvNvZ K‡i ZLb
wmRvi nZevK n‡q e‡j, ÒeyUvm, ZzwgI?Ó
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki g~jfve I Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi g~jfve
K. Ô†mŠwgwÎÕ †K?
GKm~‡Î Muv_vÓ- Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki|
L. Ôbvwn wkï j¼vcy‡i ïwb bv nvwm‡e G K_v|Õ- †Kvb K_v? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
2| 1757 mv‡j cjvkxi cÖvšÍ‡i evsjvi ¯^vaxbZvi m~h© A¯ÍwgZ n‡qwQj
M. DÏxc‡K cÖKvwkZ eyUv‡mi PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ
hv‡ì wek¦vmNvZKZvq Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg cÖavb †mbvcwZ gxi Rvdi|
KweZvq cÖKvwkZ wefxl‡Yi PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï Zzjbv K‡iv|
cÖavb †mbvcwZ n‡qI wZwb Bs‡iR‡ì wec‡ÿ hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡ibwb|
N. cÖgvY K‡iv, ÔwKQyUv wgj _vK‡jI wmRvi †gNbv‡ì cÖwZwbwa bq|Õ-
ïay gxi RvdiB bq; ivRejøf, ivq`yj©f, DwgPuv`, RMr‡kVI hy‡× Pig
we‡kølY K‡iv|
Amn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †gvnbjvj I gxig`©vb evOvwj RvwZi mv‡_
wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡iwb| †`‡ki Rb¨ hy× K‡i‡Qb Ges Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb|
6| evevi eëmvq `yw`©b †`Lv w`‡j eo †Q‡j evevi eëmvwqK cÖwZc‡¶i
cÿvšÍ‡i gxi Rvdi Ges Zvi †`vmiiv evOvwj RvwZi mv‡_ wek¦vmNvZKZv
mv‡_ nvZ †gjvq fwel¨‡Zi Avkvq| †QvU †Q‡j evevi eëmvwqK `yw`©b
K‡i‡Q Ges evOvwj RvwZ‡K cÖvq 200 eQi Bs‡iR‡ì †Mvjvwg Ki‡Z
KvUv‡bvi †Póvi Ask wn‡m‡e eo fvB‡K evevi cv‡k _vKvi Aby‡iva K‡i,
eva¨ K‡i‡Q|
wKš‘ eo †Q‡ji Awf‡hvM- evevi GK¸‡q g‡bvfve Avi fyj wm×v‡šÍi
K. ÔweayÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
Kvi‡Y cvwievwiK eëmv Wze‡Z e‡m‡Q| Zvi e¨_©Zvi `vqfvi Avwg †be
L. ÔPÛv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡qÕÑcOw³wUi Zvrch© e¨vL¨v Ki|
†Kb? eo fvB‡qi mg_©b bv †c‡q myw`b wdwi‡q Avb‡Z GKv msMÖvg
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wek¦vmNvZKZv Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi
Pvwj‡q hvq †QvU †Q‡j|
welqe¯‘‡Z Kxfv‡e cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? Av‡jvPbv Ki|
K. evmeÎvm †K?
11
L. Òj¼vi Kj¼ AvR fwÄe Avn‡eÓ Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z e³e¨ Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡ki mv‡_ Kx
M. DÏxc‡Ki †QvU †Q‡j Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ enb K‡i? we‡kølY K‡iv|
Abyiƒc? Kxfv‡e? N. Òme©Î wek¦vmNvZKZv, KzU‡KŠkj, Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi Avi wg_¨vi Rq-
N. DÏxc‡Ki eo ‡Q‡j Ges Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi wefxl‡Yi RqKvi|ÓÑ Dw³wU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvs‡ki Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb
AvPiY wfbœ D‡Ïk¨cÖm~ZÓ- gšÍe¨wU we‡ePbv K‡iv| K‡iv|
7| 1971 mv‡ji 25†k gvP© Kvjiv‡Z cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx evsjvi wbi¯¿ Abykxjbxi Rb¨ eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi:
evOvwji Ici ee©‡ivwPZ nvgjv Pvjvq| G‡Z `Lj`vi cvK nvbv`vi 1. j²Y †Kv_vq cÖ‡ek K‡i?
evwnbx‡K mn‡hvwMZv K‡iwQj G †`kxq †`vmi N‡ii kÎæ ivRvKvi, Avj- K. ¯^cœcy‡i L. i¶tcy‡i M. hgcy‡i N. AšÍtcy‡i
eì, Avj-kvgm evwnbx| hwÌ hy‡×i bxwZ‡Z wbi¯¿ gvbyl nZ¨v
Kvcyiæ‡lvwPZ| 2. i¶tcy‡i †K cÖ‡ek K‡i?
K. ÔAwi›`gÕ †K? K. wbKlv L. iveY M. j²Y N. ivNe
L. Ô¯’vwcjv weay‡i wewa ¯’vYyi jjv‡UÕ K_vwU eywS‡q `vI|
3. wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i †K cwkj?
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ivRvKvi, Avj-eì evwnbx Ges KweZvq ewY©Z
K. †gNbv` L. j²Y M. wefxlY N. ivg
wefxl‡Yi f‚wgKvi mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. Òwbi¯¿ gvbyl nZ¨v Kvcyiæ‡lvwPZÕ DÏxcK I Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ 4. wbKlv mZx Kvi Rbbx?
KweZvi Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡kølY K‡iv| K. iv‡gi L. j²‡Yi M. †gNbv‡ì N. wefxl‡Yi
5. wefxl‡Yi m‡nvì ‡K?
8| nvRvi nRvi ˆmb¨ hy×‡¶‡Î cyZz‡ji g‡Zv ùvwo‡q _v‡K| †gvnbjvj I
K. ivg L. iveY M. j²Y N. †gNbv`
wgig`©vb cÖvYc‡Y hy× K‡iI wgiRvd‡ii wek¦vmNvZKZvi Kv‡Q civwRZ
nq| weªwUk ˆmbïv Abvqv‡mB evsjv `Lj K‡i †bq| Gfv‡eB 1757 6. wefxlY †gNbv‡ì Kx nq?
mv‡ji 23‡k Ryb evsjvi ¯^vaxbZvi Aemvb N‡U| K. evev L. fvB M. gvgv N. KvKv
K. †mŠwgwÎ †K?
7. †gNbv` †Kv_vq †h‡Z †P‡q‡Q?
L. Ônvq ZvZ, DwPZ wK Ze G KvR?Õ- †K, †Kb G Dw³wU K‡iwQj?
K. j¼vcy‡i L. A¯¿vMv‡i M. hÁvMv‡i N. hgcy‡i
M. DÏxc‡Ki wgiRvdi Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi
cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i? Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv K‡iv| 8. ivgvbyR‡K †gNbv` †Kv_vq cvVv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki g~jfve Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi g~jfv‡ei mv‡_ K. ¯^M©‡jv‡K L. i¶tcy‡i M. kgb-fe‡b N. wbKzw¤¢jvq
AvswkK mvgÄm¨c~YÓ© Ñ Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb K‡iv|
9. wefxlY wb‡R‡K Kx e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb?
9| mg¯Í `ye©jZv †S‡o †d‡j Avcbviv †f‡e †`Lyb †K †ewk kw³gvb? K. Ck¦i`vm L. ivNe`vm M. i¶t`vm N. j²Y`vm
GKw`‡K †`‡ki mg¯Í mvaviY gvbyl-Ab¨w`‡K gywó‡gq K‡qKRb we‡`ªvnx | 10. wefxl‡Yi evK¨ ï‡b †gNbv‡ì Kx B‡”Q n‡q‡Q?
Zv‡ì nv‡Z A¯¿ Av‡Q, Avi Av‡Q Qjbv Ges kVZv| A¯¿ Avgv‡ìI K. evuwPevi L. gwievi M. gvwievi N. Z¨vwRevi
Av‡Q, wKš‘ Zvi‡P‡q hv eo, me‡P‡q hv eo Avgv‡ì Av‡Q †mB †`k‡cÖg
Ges ¯^vaxbZv msKí| 11. ¯’vYyi jjv‡U wewa Kv‡K ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb?
K. ivRnsm †Kv_vq †Kwj K‡i? K. weay‡K L. wmay‡K M. wmÜz‡K N. b`x‡K
L. †gNbv`‡K Awi›`g ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb? eywS‡q †j‡Lv | 12. g„‡M›`ª †Kkix Kv‡K wgÎfv‡e m¤¢v‡l?
M. DÏxcKwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi mv‡_ Kxfv‡e mv`…k¨c~Y?© K. nwiY‡K L. evN‡K M. k„Mvj‡K N. KzKzi‡K
e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
M. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfve Ges Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi ¯^Y©vj¼vi 13. †gNbv` Kv‡K ÔweÁZgÕ e‡j‡Qb?
cÖwZ †gNbv‡ì AbyivM GKm~‡Î Mvu_v| gšÍe¨wU g~j¨vqb K‡iv| K. ivg‡K L. iveY‡K M. j²Y‡K N. wefxlY‡K
14. †gNbv` Kv‡K ÔAÁÕ e‡j‡Qb?
10| c„w_exi cÖwZwU †`‡k I mgv‡R hZB b¨vqag©, ¶vÎag©, gvbweKZv,
K. wcZ…e¨‡K L. iveY‡K M. j²Y‡K N. wb‡R‡K
hyw³ev`-Gi Av`‡k©i K_v ejv †nvK bv †Kb!- G¸‡jvi ev¯Íe cÖKvk ev
Kvh©µg Lyu‡R cvIqv `yj©f| me©Î wek¦vmNvZKZv, KzU‡KŠkj, Ab¨vq- 15. †gNbv‡ì g‡Z, j²‡Yi AvPiY †`‡L j¼vi †K nvm‡e?
AZ¨vPvi Avi wg_¨vi Rq-RqKvi| K. bi L. wkï M. bvix N. e„×
K. †gNbv` †Kb wefxlY‡K wZi¯‹vi Ki‡Z Pvb bv?
16. ÔQvon c_Õ Kv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q?
L. wb‡R‡K ivgP‡›`ªi `vm ejvq †gNbv` wefxlY‡K Kx Kx welq ¯§iY
K. Kz¤¢KY©‡K L. j²Y‡K M. wefxlY‡K N. iveY‡K
Kwi‡q †`q? Zv †j‡Lv|
12
17. †è-ˆ`Z¨-bi i‡Y wefxlY ¯^P‡¶ Kvi civµg †`‡L‡Qb? 34. Ô`yivPvi ˆ`Z¨Õ e‡j Kv‡K wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q?
K. iv‡gi L. †gNbv‡ì M. j²‡Yi N. Kz¤¢K‡Y©i K. gq `vbe‡K L. wefxlY‡K M. j²Y‡K N. Kz¤¢KY©‡K
18. †gNbv‡ì `„wó‡Z b›`b-Kvb‡b †K ågY K‡i‡Q? 35. ÔiveY-AbyRÕ e‡j Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K. wKbœi L. ˆ`Z¨ M. gvbe N. cï K. ivg‡K L. Kz¤¢KY©‡K M. j²Y‡K N. wefxlY‡K
19. †gNbv‡ì `„wó‡Z cÖdyjø Kg‡j Kx evm K‡i‡Q? 36. ÔiveY-AvZ¥RÕ kãwU Kvi m¤ú‡K© eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
K. cZ½ L. KxU M. ågi N. ˆ`Z¨ K. †gNbv` L. j²Y M. ivg N. Ky¤¢KY©
20. gwjbe`b jv‡R †K DËi w`‡qwQ‡jb? 37. †gNbv` ivRv ej‡Z Kv‡K eywS‡q‡Qb?
K. iveY-AbyR L. iveY-cyÎ M. ivNe-AbyR N. ivNe-cyÎ K. wb‡R‡K L. ivg‡K M. j²Y‡K N. iveY‡K
21. Ôbwn ‡`vlx AvwgÕ- †K e‡j‡Qb? 38. j¼vi `yie¯’vi Rb¨ wefxlY †Kvb welqwU‡K `vqx K‡i‡Qb?
K. iveY L. wefxlY M. j²Y N. †gNbv` K. †gNbv‡ì B›`ªRq‡K L. ivRvi Kg©‡`vl‡K
22. cvcc~Y© ejv n‡q‡Q †KvbwU‡K? M. ive‡Yi hy×bxwZ‡K N. iv‡gi Awfkvc‡K
K. ivgivR¨ L. j¼vcyix M. ¯^M©ivR¨ N. hÁ¯’j
39. wefxl‡Yi wegvZvmyjf AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ †gNbv` †Kvb welqwU‡K `vqx
23. Kvj mwj‡j Wz‡e‡Q †KvbwU? K‡i‡Qb?
K. wea~ L. j¼v M. i_x N. ¯’vby K. †mœ‡ni Afve L. m½‡`vl M. Áv‡bi Afve N. AvZ¥vwfgvb
24. wbkx‡_ Aš^‡i g‡›`ª †KvbwU? 40. ÔevmeÎvmÕ e‡j Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K. Rxg~‡Z›`ª L. exi M. †mŠ`vwgbx N. ex‡i›`ª K. j²Y‡K L. ivg‡K M. †gNbv`‡K N. iveY‡K
25. wbM©yY n‡jI †K †kÖq? 41. †gNbv`‡K ÔevmeÎvmÕ ejvi KviY Kx?
K. ciRb L. ¯^Rb M. wbab N. `yR©b K. evm‡ei g‡ZvB fq¼i e‡j
L. evme‡K weZvwoZ K‡i‡Q e‡j
26. ÔevmeweRqxÕ ejv n‡q‡Q Kv‡K?
M. evme‡K civwRZ K‡i‡Q e‡j
K. gNbv`‡K L. j²Y‡K M. iveY‡K N. wefxlY‡K
N. evm‡ei k¼vniY K‡i‡Q e‡j
27. wefxl‡Yi K_v ï‡b †gNbv‡ì gi‡Z B‡”Q n‡qwQj †Kb?
42. iæwljv ÔevmeÎvmÕ-†Kb?
K. kÎæ c‡¶i weRq mywbwðZ †R‡b
K. iv‡gi c¶vej¤^‡bi e¨vL¨v ï‡b
L. AvcbR‡bi wek¦vmNvZKZv †`‡L
L. †gNbv`‡K AvNvZ Kivi †¶v‡f
M. j²‡Yi nv‡Z g„Zz¨ Avmbœ †R‡b
M. †gNbv‡ì c_‡iva Kivi Kvi‡Y
N. wcZ…‡eï gy‡L iv‡gi ¯‘wZ ï‡b
N. j²Y‡K c_ †`Lv‡bvi Kvi‡Y
28. Ô†n exi‡KkixÕ e‡j Kv‡K wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q?
43. Ôex‡i›`ª ejxÕ Kv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q?
K. j²Y‡K L. iveY‡K M. wefxlY‡K N. ivg‡K
K. iveY‡K L. j²Y‡K M. ivg‡K N. †gNbv`‡K
29. j²Y‡K ¶y`ªgwZ bi ejvi KviY Kx?
44. Ôiv¶mivRvbyRÕ e‡j Kv‡K m‡¤^vab Kiv n‡q‡Q?
K. Zz”Q gvbe es‡kv™¢~Z nIqvq L. kvixwiKfv‡e Le©Kvq nIqvq
K. ivg‡K L. j²Y‡K M. wefxlY‡K N. †gNbv`‡K
M. kÎæi m‡½ nxb AvuZvZ Kivq N. A¯¿nxb‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb Kivq
30. †gNbv` j²Y‡K Ô`ye©j gvbeÕ †Kb e‡j‡Qb? 45. Ô†nb mnev‡m, †n wcZ…e¨, ee©iZv †Kb bv wkwL‡eÕ- GLv‡b †Kvb
K. Aeq‡e ex‡ivwPZ bq e‡j L. gvbweK `ye©jZv Av‡Q e‡j mvnP‡h©i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
M. wbi¯¿‡K AvµgY Ki‡Z G‡m‡Q e‡j N. kvixwiKfv‡e Le©Kvq e‡j K. ¯¿x-cwiev‡ii L. ivg-j²‡Yi
31. Ôgnvi_x cÖ_vÕ bq †KvbwU? M. wke-cve©Zxi N. ivg-ive‡Yi
K. mk¯¿ hy‡×i gnov L. A¯¿nxb‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb
46. Ô¸Ynxb ¯^RbÕ †kÖq †Kb?
M. hy‡×i †cvkvK civ N. hy×‡¶‡Î `¤¢ cÖKvk
K. ¸Y g~j¨nxb e‡j L. wec‡` fimv e‡j
32. ÔWwi‡e G `vm †nb `ye©j gvb‡e?Õ- GLv‡b Ô`ye©j gvbeÕ †K? M. cÖK…Z evÜe e‡j N. ¯^Rb wbM©yY e‡j
K. wefxlY L. Awi›`g M. evme N. j²Y
47. wefxlY I †gNbv‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb m¤úK©wU we`¨gvb?
33. ÔwbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i cÖMj&‡f cwkj `¤¢xÕ-GLv‡b Ô`¤¢xÕ e‡j Kv‡K K. wcZv-cyÎ L. AMÖR-AbyR
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M. KvKv-fvB‡cv N. gvgv-fv‡Mœ
K. B›`ªwRr‡K L. iveY‡K M. j²Y‡K N. †gNbv`‡K
13
48. Kvi mnvqZvq j²Y hÁvMv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki my‡hvM †c‡qwQ‡jb? 63. ive‡Yi gv‡K Kx bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq?
K. ivg L. wefxlY M. B›`ª N. iveY K. mywgÎv L. wbKlv M. weay N. ivewY
49. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq ÔZvZÕ Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 64. †g‡Ni WvK ev AvIqvR‡K Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq Kx ejv
K. iveY‡K L. evme‡K M. Kz¤¢KY©‡K N. wefxlY‡K n‡q‡Q?
K. MR©b L. Rxg~‡Z›`ª M. el©Y N. Rx‡Z›`ª
50. †gNbv‡ì wcZ…‡eï bvg wR‡Ám Ki‡j †Kvb bvgwU Avm‡e?
K. iveY L. ivNe M. wefxlY N Awi›`g 65. Kv‡K Ôi_xÕ ejv nq?
K. †Pvi L. i_PvjK M. exi N. †NvovPvjK
51. †gNbv‡ì wcZvi bvg Rvb‡Z PvB‡j †Kvb bvgwU Avm‡e?
K. wefxlY L. iveY M. ivNe N. j²Y 66. Kg©‡`v‡l KbK-j¼v‡K wec`MÖ¯Í K‡i‡Qb †K?
K. j¼vi ivRv L. ivNe-`vm M. iveY-cyÎ N. Kz¤¢KY©
52. K¬v‡mi GKRb QvÎ evsjvi wk¶‡Ki Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvBj, Awi›`g ejv
nq Kv‡K? wk¶K †Kvb bvgwU ej‡eb? 67. ive‡Yi gv‡K Kx bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq?
K. iveY L. j²Y M. wefxlY N. †gNbv` K. mywgÎv L. wbKlv M. weay N. ivewY
53. ÔN‡ii kÎæ wefxlYÕ- G cÖev` evK¨wU wefxl‡Yi †Kvb AvPiY‡K †K›`ª 68. ÔZvZÕ kãwUi A_© Kx?
K‡i cÖPwjZ? K. gvZv L. KvKv M. fvB N. †evb
K. ¯^R‡bi cÖwZ D`vmxbZv L. cia‡g©i AbymiY
69. Ôb›`b-KvbbÕ Kx?
M. kÎæ c‡¶i m‡½ AvuZvZ N. `yR©‡bi mvnPh©
K. cy‡Îi evMvb L. j¼vi D`¨vb
54. ÔivNe`vm AvwgÕ- Dw³wUi m‡½ evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i mgq we‡kl M. ¯^‡M©i D`¨vb N. g‡bvni ‡¶Î
f‚wgKvq AeZxY© Kv‡ì m‡½ wgj i‡q‡Q?
70. ÔweayÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
K. nvbv`vi‡ì L. ivRvKvi‡ì
K. m~h© L. Pvu` M. e„¶ N. n¯Í
M. gyw³‡hv×v‡ì N. †Mwijv‡ì
71. ÔAvn‡eÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
55. ÔPÛv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡qÕ-cO&w³wUi ga¨ w`‡q †Kvb fve
K. †¶v‡f L. A‡¯¿ M. hy‡× N. h‡Á
me©vwaK †Rviv‡jv n‡q‡Q?
K. we¯§q L. N„Yv M. wZi¯‹vi N. †µva 72. Ô`yg©wZÕ kãwUi A_© Kx?
K. mr eyw× L. gwZåg M. Amr eyw× N. Ávbx
56. wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv‡ì e³‡e¨ †Kvb welqwU cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q?
K. Kzjgh©v`v L. AnsKvi M. ˆbwZKZv N. exiZ¡ 73. ÔZ¯‹iÕ kãwUi A_© Kx?
K. mvay L. †Pvi M. exi N. Ávbx
57. †gNbv`‡K ÔivewYÕ m‡¤^vab Kiv n‡q‡Q †Kvb hyw³‡Z?
K. ivNe‡K N„Yv K‡i e‡j L. ive‡Yi †kÖô cyÎ e‡j 74. gaym~`b `‡Ëi bv‡gi m‡½ ÔgvB‡KjÕ hy³ nIqvi KviYÑ
M. iv¶miv‡Ri f³ e‡j N. ÔivewYÕ Zvi WvK bvg i. ms¯‹…Z K‡jR Z¨vM Kiv ii. we‡q iii. wLªóag© MÖnY
58. wefxl‡Yi ¯^R‡bi cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZKZvi †cQ‡b †Kvb welqwU wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
wµqvkxj wQj? K. i L. i I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
K. ¯^v_©wPšÍv L. A_©wPšÍv M. AbœwPšÍv N. ag©‡eva 75. gaym~`b ag©všÍwiZ nIqvi d‡j hv N‡U Zvi KviYÑ
59. AvZ¥c¶ mg_©‡bi †¶‡Î wefxlY †Kvb welqwU‡K mvg‡b G‡b‡Qb? i. D”Pwkÿv MÖnY
K. BwZnvm †PZbv L. ¯^vRvZ¨‡eva ii. wn›`y K‡jR cwiZ¨vM
M. cÖwZev`x ‡PZbv N. ˆbwZKZv iii. wkecyi wekc&m K‡j‡R fwZ©
60. Ô¯^P‡¶ †`‡LQ, i¶t†kÖô, civµg `v‡miÕ-†gNbv‡ì wb‡R‡K Ô`vmÕ wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
ejvi †cQ‡b †Kvb g‡bvfvewU wµqvkxj? K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
K. Kzj‡MŠie L. webq M. AvZ¥Møvwb N. ms‡KvP
76. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë m¤ú‡K© †h Z_¨¸‡jv cÖ‡hvR¨Ñ
61. ive‡Yi ga¨g m‡nvì †K? i. m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©K
K. Awi›`g L. Kz¤¢KY© M. wefxlY N. ivewY ii. bvU‡Ki D™¢ehy‡Mi bvU¨Kvi
62. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq Awi›`g †K? iii. evsjv MxwZ KweZvi RbK
K. wefxlY L. †gNbv` M. Kz¤¢KY© N. i‡¶vi_x wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
14
77. †gNbv` wbKzw¤¢jv hÁvMv‡i j²‡Yi Dcw¯’wZ Dcjwä K‡ib †hfv‡eÑ K. i L. ii I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
i. ˆ`‡ei Bkvivq
86. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq †h w`K dz‡U D‡V‡QÑ
ii. cÖ‡ekØv‡i wefxlY‡K †`‡L i. RvwZmËvi msnwZ ii. †`kvZ¥‡eva iii. cÖK…wZ‡PZbv
iii. j²‡Yi KÉ¯î ï‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? K. i I ii L. i I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
K. ii L. i I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
87. gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi †jLbx‡Z ivg-j²Y nxbiƒ‡c Ges
78. Ônvq, ZvZ, DwPZ wK Ze G KvRÕÑ G Pi‡Y wefxl‡Yi cÖwZ ivÿmivR iveY I †gNbv‡ì †kÖôZ¡ Dc¯’vc‡b †hwU cÖwZfvZ nqÑ
†gNbv‡ì †h `„wófw½ cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÑ i. Dwbk kZ‡Ki beRvMiY
i. fr©mbv ii. AvKv•ÿv iii. KU‚w³ ii. gvbweKZvi Rq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? iii. wefxl‡Yi bxPZv I ee©iZv
K. i L. i I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
79. ÔPÛv‡j emvI Avwb ivRvi Avj‡q?Õ GLv‡b ÔPÛvjÕ ej‡Z †gNbv`‡K K. i L. ii M. i I ii N. i, ii I iii
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡QÑ wb‡Pi DÏxKwU c‡o 88 I 89 msL¨K cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
i. ivg ii. †mŠwgwÎ iii. wefxlY gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛvi gwZDj GKwU mdj Acv‡ik‡bi ci Zvivcyi MÖv‡g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? wekÖvg wbw”Q‡jb| cvk¦©eZ©x MÖv‡gi ivRvKvi Bw`ªm Z_¨wU cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi
K. i L. i I ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii evwnbx‡K Rvwb‡q w`j| nvbv`vi evwnbx G‡m KgvÛvi gwZDj‡K †g‡i
†d‡j| gwZDj cÖwZ‡iv‡ai my‡hvM ch©šÍ †c‡jb bv|
80. Ôj¼vi Kj¼ AvwR fwÄe Avn‡eÕ cO&w³wUi Mfx‡i wbwnZ Av‡QÑ
88. DÏxc‡Ki Bw`ªm PwiÎwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi †Kvb
i. N„Yv ii. cÖwZÁv iii. AvZ¥wek¦vm
Pwi‡Îi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? K.Kz¤¢K‡Y©i L. wefxl‡Yi M. j²‡Yi N. iv‡gi
K. i L. ii I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
89. D³ Pwi‡Îi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y© PiY-
81. †gNbv‡ì g‡Z, †h K_v ï‡b j¼vi wkïiv ch©šÍ Dcnvm Ki‡eÑ
i. wbR M„nc_, ZvZ, †`LvI Z¯‹‡i?
i. hy‡×i wbqg
ii. ivNe `vm Avwg; Kx cÖKv‡i/Zvunvi wec¶ KvR Kwie|
ii. A¯¿nxb‡K hy‡× AvnŸvb
iii. MwZ hvi bxPmn, bxP †m `yg©wZ|
iii. †gNbv‡ì g„Zz¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
K. i L. ii M. iii I iii N. i, ii I iii
90. wefxl‡Yi wegvZvmyjf AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ †gNbv` †Kvb welqwU‡K `vqx
82. ÔMwÄÕ kãwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq †h A‡_© cÖhy³ nqwbÑ K‡i‡Qb?
i. wZi¯‹vi Kiv ii. wei³ Kiv iii. Kó Kiv K. †mœ‡ni Afve L. m½‡`vl
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? M. Áv‡bi Afve N.AvZ¥vwfgvb
K. i L. ii I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
91. †gNbv`‡K ÔevmeÎvmÕ ejvi KviY Kx?
83. ivRv `ki_ wQ‡jb †hgb ejx †Zgwb axgvb| GLv‡b ÔejxÕ ej‡Z hv K. evm‡ei g‡ZvB fq¼i e‡j
†evSvqÑ
L. evme‡K weZvwoZ K‡i‡Q e‡j
i. exi ii. ejevb iii. †kÖô
M. evme‡K civwRZ K‡i‡Q e‡j
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? N. evm‡ei k¼vniY K‡i‡Q e‡j
K. i L. i I ii M. iii N. i, ii I iii
92. iæwljv ÔevmeÎvmÕ- †Kb?
84. Ô`¤¢xÕ ej‡Z †evSvqÑ
K. iv‡gi c¶vej¤^‡bi e¨vL¨v ï‡b L. †gNbv`‡K AvNvZ Kivi †¶v‡f
i. `gb K‡i †h ii. `¤¢ K‡i †h iii. `vw¤¢K
M. †gNbv‡ì c_‡iva Kivi Kvi‡Y N. j²Y‡K c_ †`Lv‡bvi Kvi‡Y
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK?
K. i L. ii I iii M. iii N. i, ii I iii 93. Ô¸Ynxb ¯^RbÕ †kÖq †Kb?
K. ¸Y g~j¨nxb e‡j L. wec‡` fimv e‡j
85. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡ki Ôe‡avÕ(ea) bvgK mM©wU †h M. cÖK…Z evÜe e‡j N.¯^Rb wbM©yY e‡j
m‡M©i AšÍf©y³Ñ
i. PZz_© ii. cÂg iii. lô 94. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvwU †Kvb Q‡›ì AšÍf©y³?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wVK? K. A¶ie„Ë L. ¯îe„Ë M. gvÎve„Ë N. M`¨Q›`
15
95. Ô†gNbvèaÕ Kve¨wU me©‡gvU KZwU m‡M© web¨¯Í? 104. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z nZ¨vi m‡½ Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kv‡eï Kvi
K. 7wU L. 8wU M. 9wU N. 10wU nZ¨vi wgj cvIqv hvq?
K. ivNe L. †gNbv` M. wefxlY N. Kz¤¢KY©
96. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡ki cÖwZwU cO&w³ KZ gvÎvq iwPZ?
K. 8 gvÎv L. 10 gvÎv M. 12 gvÎv N. 14 gvÎv 105. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z evOvwj RvwZi g‡bi K_v †gNbv‡ì †h fvl¨ w`‡q
cÖKvk Kiv nqÑ
97. ive‡Yi ga¨g m‡nvì †K?
i. DwPZ wK Ze G KvR
K. Awi›`g L. Kz¤¢KY© M. wefxlY N. ivewY
ii. ÁvwZZ¡, åvZ…Z¡, RvwZ G mK‡j w`jv RjvÄwj
98. ÔwefxlYÕ bvgwUi ¯’‡j Kwe †h kã¸‡jv cÖ‡qvM K‡i‡QbÑ iii. e„_v G mvabv axgvb, ivNe`vm Avwg
i. i‡¶vgwY ii. i‡¶viw_ iii. i¶t‡kÖô wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K. i I ii L.i I iii M. ii I iii N. i. ii I iii
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i. ii I iii
Aby‡”Q`wU co Ges 106 I 107 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
99. †gNbv` wefxl‡Yi m‡½ †h fvlvq K_v e‡j‡Qb Zv‡Z †gNbv‡ì AvZ¥xqZvi m¤ú‡K© Ksm K…‡òi gvgv n‡jI R‡b¥i ciciB Ksm K…ò‡K
†¶‡Î †h we‡klY¸‡jv cÖ‡hvR¨Ñ nZ¨v Ki‡Z D`¨Z nq| KviY †m Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQj, GKmgq K…ò Zvi
i. webqx ii. AvZ¥m¤§vb‡evam¤úbœ iii. wnZvwnZ‡eva iwnZ AcK‡g©i c‡_ evav n‡q `vuov‡e|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
106. DÏxc‡Ki Ks‡mi K…ò-wbab †Póvi †cQ‡b wQj AvZ¥i¶vi fvebv|
Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq ¯^R‡bi cÖwZ êix AvPi‡Y †Kvb welqwU
100. wefxlY‡K i‡¶viw_, weÁZg cÖf…wZ we‡kl‡Y we‡kwlZ Kivi †cQ‡b
hyw³ wn‡m‡e `vuo Kwi‡qwQ‡jb?
†h welq¸‡jv wµqvkxjÑ
K. ¯^v_©i¶v L. ag©i¶v M. eski¶v N. Kzji¶v
i. †Zvlv‡gv`
ii. ¯^vRvZ¨‡eva RvMv‡bv 107. DÏxc‡Ki K…ò Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvi Kvi mgvšÍivj?
iii. AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva RvMv‡bv K. j²Y L. iveY M. †gNbv` N. ivg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 108. ÔG‡e cvcc~Y.© ........Õ| k~b¨¯’v‡bi Dchy³ kã †KvbwU?
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i. ii I iii K. †èKzj L. gvbeKzj M. j¼vcyix N. bMix
101. Ô†nb mnev‡m, †n wcZ…e¨, ee©iZv †Kb bv wkwL‡e?Õ wb‡Pi †h 109. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wfbœv_©K?
cÖev`¸‡jv G e³‡eï m‡½ mvgÄm¨c~YÑ© K. kã L. gš¿ M. aŸwb N. g›`
i. mrm‡½ ¯^M©evm, Amr m‡½ me©bvk
ii. m½‡`v‡l †jvnv fv‡m 110. ÔAvKvkÕ kãwUi †Kvb cÖwZkãwU Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ Kve¨vs‡k
iii. gv‡Qi gv‡qi cyÎ‡kvK eëüZ n‡q‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K. bxwjgv L. Avmgvb M. A¤î N. MMb
102. ÔcÖj‡q †hgwZ emyav, Wzwe‡Q j¼v G Kvjmwj‡jÕ- cO&w³‡Z †h
DËigvjv:
AjsKvi¸‡jv eëüZ n‡q‡QÑ
i. hgK ii. Dcgv iii. iƒcK 1. L 2.M 3.L 4.N 5.L 6.N 7.L 8.M
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 9.L 10.L 11.K 12.M 13.N 14.N 15.L 16.M
17.L 18.L 19.L 20.K 21.L 22.L 23.L 24.K
25.L 26.K 27.L 28.M 29.N 30.M 31.L 32.N
103. Ôwefxl‡Yi cÖwZ †gNbv`Õ KweZvq †gNbv‡ì †h cwiPq cvIqv hvqÑ
33.M 34.M 35.N 36.K 37.N 38.M 39.L 40.M
i. evme-weRqx ii. Awi›`g iii. B›`«wRr
41.M 42.K 43.N 44.M 45.L 46.M 47.M 48.L
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
49.N 50.M 51.L 52.N 53.M 54.L 55.M 56.K
57.L 58.N 59.N 60.L 61.M 62.L 63.L 64.L
65.M 66.K 67.L 68.L 69.M 70.L 71.M 72.M
Aby‡”Q`wU co Ges 104 I 105 msL¨K cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI| 73.L 74. M 75.M 76.K 77.K 78.K 79.L 80.L
1971 mv‡ji 25†k gvP© iv‡Z cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx G‡`‡ki nvRvi 81.L 82.L 83.L 84.L 85.M 86.K 87.M 88.L
nvRvi wbi¯¿ gvbyl‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i| evOvwj AvRI Zv‡ì 89.L 90.K 91.M 92.K 93.M 94.K 95.M 96.N
N„Yvf‡i ¯§iY K‡i| 97.M 98.K 99.K 100.K 101.K 102.M 103.K 104.L
105.K 106.K 107.M 108.M 109.N 110.M
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