Chapter 16

Relations
1. Consider the following relations : 5. Let R = {(P, Q) | P and Q are at the same
R = {(x, y) | x, y are real numbers and x = wy for distance from the origin} be a relation, then the
some rational number w}; equivalence class of (1, –1) is the set :
 m p  [JEE (Main)-2021]
S   ,  m, n, p and q are integers such that (1) S = {(x, y) | x2 + y2 = 2}
 n q 
n, q  0 and qm = pn}. Then [AIEEE-2010] (2) S = {(x, y) | x2 + y2 = 1}

(1) R is an equivalence relation but S is not an (3) S = {(x, y) | x2 + y2 = 2}

equivalence relation
(4) S = {(x, y) | x2 + y2 = 4}
(2) Neither R nor S is an equivalence relation
6. Let A = {2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 30} and '  ' be an
(3) S is an equivalence relation but R is not an equivalence relation on A × A, defined by
equivalence relation
(a, b)  (c, d) , if and only if ad = bc. Then the
(4) R and S both are equivalence relations
number of ordered pairs which satisfy this
2. If R = {(x, y) ; x, y  Z, x2 + 3y2  8} is a relation equivalence relation with ordered pair (4, 3) is equal
on the set of integers Z, then the domain of to : [JEE (Main)-2021]
R–1 is [JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) 7 (2) 8
(1) {0, 1}
(3) 5 (4) 6
(2) {–2, –1, 1, 2}
(3) {–1, 0, 1} 7. Let N be the set of natural numbers and a relation
R on N be defined by
(4) {–2, –1, 0, 1, 2}
3. Let R1 and R2 be two relation defined as follows : R  x, y   N  N : x 3  3x 2y  xy 2  3y 3  0.
R1 = {(a, b) R2 : a2 + b2 Q} and
Then the relation R is [JEE (Main)-2021]
R2 = {(a, b) R2 : a2 + b2 Q}, where Q is the
(1) An equivalence relation
set of all rational numbers. Then
(2) Reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(3) Reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
(1) Neither R1 nor R2 is transitive.
(2) R2 is transitive but R1 is not transitive. (4) Symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive

(3) R1 and R2 are both transitive. 8. Let  be the set of all integers,

(4) R1 is transitive but R2 is not transitive.

 
A  ( x, y )     : ( x  2)2  y 2  4 ,
4. Let f : R  R  be defined as f(x) = 2x – 1 and
1
x  
B  ( x, y )     : x 2  y 2  4 and
g : R – {1}  R be defined as g  x   2.
x 1
Then the composition function f(g(x)) is :
 
C  ( x, y )     : ( x  2)2  ( y 2  2)2  4

[JEE (Main)-2021] If the total number of relations from A  B to

(1) neither one-one nor onto A  C is 2p, then the value of p is
(2) onto but not one-one [JEE (Main)-2021]
(3) both one-one and onto (1) 16 (2) 49
(4) one-one but not onto (3) 25 (4) 9
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

9. Which of the following is not correct for relation R [JEE (Main)-2022]

on the set of real numbers?
(1) reflexive, symmetric but not transitive
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) (x, y)  R  |x – y|  1 is reflexive and (2) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
symmetric.
(3) reflexive but not symmetric and transitive
(2) (x, y)  R  0 |x| – |y|  1 is neither transitive
nor symmetric (4) an equivalence relation
(3) (x, y)  R  0 < |x – y|  1 is symmetric and 13. Let R1 and R2 be two relations defined on  by a R1
transitive b  ab  0 and a R2 b  a  b. Then,
(4) (x, y)  R  |x| – |y|  1 is reflexive but not
[JEE (Main)-2022]
symmetric
(1) R1 is an equivalence relation but not R2
10. Let R and R be relations on the set {1, 2, ....., 50}
1 2
such that (2) R2 is an equivalence relation but not R1

R = {(p, pn) : p is a prime and n  0 is an integer} and (3) Both R1 and R2 are equivalence relations
1
R = {(p, pn) : p is a prime and n = 0 or 1}.
2 (4) Neither R1 nor R2 is an equivalence relation
Then, the number of elements in R – R is ______. 14. For   N, consider a relation R on N given by
1 2
R = {(x, y) : 3x + y is a multiple of 7}. The relation R
[JEE (Main)-2022] is an equivalence relation if and only if
11. Let R1 = {(a, b)  N × N : |a – b|  13} and [JEE (Main)-2022]

R2 = {(a, b)  N × N : |a – b| ‘“ 13}. Then on N: (1)  = 14

[JEE (Main)-2022] (2)  is a multiple of 4

(1) Both R1 and R2 are equivalence relations (3) 4 is the remainder when  is divided by 10

(2) Neither R1 nor R2 is an equivalence relation (4) 4 is the remainder when  is divided by 7

(3) R1 is an equivalence relation but R2 is not 15. Let R be a relation from the set {1, 2, 3, ....., 60} to
itself such that R = {(a, b) : b = pq, where p, q  3
(4) R2 is an equivalence relation but R1 is not
are prime numbers}. Then, the number of elements
12. Let a set A = A1  A2  …  Ak, where Ai  Aj =  in R is : [JEE (Main)-2022]
for i  j, 1  i, j  k. Define the relation R from A to
(1) 600 (2) 660
A by R = {(x, y) : y  Ai if and only if x  Ai, 1  i 
k}. Then, R is : (3) 540 (4) 720


Chapter 16

Relations
1. Answer (3) So clearly it is one-one but not onto
R is not an equivalence relation because 0 R 1 but
1 R 0 , S is an equivalence relation.
2. Answer (3)
Given R = {(x, y) : x, yZ, x2 + 3y2 d 8} (1, 1)

So R = {(1, 1), (2, 1), (1, –1), (0, 1), (1, 0)} 0

So DR 1 ^1, 0, 1`
3. Answer (1)
5. Answer (1)
(I) If (a, b) R1 and (b, c) R1
? R = {(P, Q) | P and Q are at the same distance
Ÿ a2 + b2 Q and b2 + c2 Q
from the origin}.
then a2 + 2b 2 + c 2 Q but we cannot say
anything about a2 + c2, that it is rational or not. Then equivalence class of (1, –1) will contain
all such points which lies on circumference of
So R1 is not transitive
the circle of centre at origin and passing
(II) If (a, b) R2 and (b, c) R2
through point (1, –1).
Ÿ a2 + b2 Q and b2 + c2 Q
but we can’t say anything about a2 + c2, that i.e., radius of circle 12  12 2
it is rational or irrational.
? Required equivalence class of (S)
So R2 is not transitive
= {(x, y) | x2 + y2 = 2}.
4. Answer (4)
6. Answer (1)
Here f : R o R, f(x) = 2x – 1
Let (4, 3)  (c, d)
1
x
and g : R – {1} o R g(x) 2
x 1 c d
4d = 3c Ÿ k say
4 3
So, f(g(x)) = 2 g(x) – 1
For c, d A, k = 1, 2, 3, ...., 7
§ 1·
¨x2¸ 7. Answer (3)
2¨ ¸ 1
¨¨ x  1 ¸¸ x2(x – 3y) – y2(x – 3y) = 0
© ¹
(x – y) (x + y) (x – 3y) = 0 ...(i)
2x  1  x  1 x  1 1 ? (i) holds for all (x, x) ? R is reflexive
x 1 x 1
if (x, y) holds then (y, x) may or may not holds for
1 factors (x + y), (x – 3y) ? R is NOT symmetric
1
x 1 Similarly (x – 3y) factor doesn’t hold for transitive
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

8. Answer (3) ? (2, 11)  R1 and (11, 19)  R1 but

The set A and set B are represented as : (2, 19)  R1
? R1 is not transitive
(0, 2) (A ˆB) Hence R1 is not equivalence
In R2 : (13, 3)  R2 and (3, 26)  R2 but

(–2, 4) (0, 0) (2, 0) (4, 0) (13, 26)  R2 (' |13 – 26| = 13)
? R2 is not transitive
Hence R2 is not equivalence.

12. Answer (4)

? A ˆ B = {(0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (1, 1), (1, –1)}
The set A and set C are represented as : R = {(x, y) : yAi, iff xAi, 1 d i d k}

(1) Reflexive

(a, a) Ÿ aAi iff aAi

C
(0, 2) (2) Symmetric

A (a, b) Ÿ aAi iff bAi

(2, 0)
(b, a) R as bAi iff aAi
(A ˆC) (3) Transitive

(a, b)R & (b, c) R.

? A ˆ C = {(1, 1), (2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 2)} Ÿ aAi iff bAi & bAi iff cAi
? Total number relations from A ˆ B to A ˆ C = 25×5
Ÿ aAi iff cAi
? p = 25
9. Answer (3) Ÿ (a, c)R.
(x, y) R œ 0 < |x – y| d 1. Ÿ Relation is equivalence
R is symmetric because |x – y| = |y – x| 13. Answer (4)
But R is not transitive a R1 b œ ab t 0
For example
So, definitely (a, a)  R1 as a2 t 0
x = 0.2, y = 0.9, z = 1.5
If (a, b)  R1 Ÿ (b, a)  R1
0 d |x – y| = 0.7 d 1
But if (a, b) R1, (b, c)  R1
0 d |y – z| = 0.6 d 1
Ÿ Then (a, c) may or may not belong to R1
But |x – z| = 1.3 > 1
{Consider a = –5, b = 0, c = 5 so (a, b) and (b, c)
10. Answer (8)
R1 but ac < 0}
R1 – R2 = {(2, 22), (2, 23), (2, 24), (2, 25), (3, 32)
(3, 33), (5, 52), (7, 72)} So, R1 is not equivalence relation

So number of elements = 8 a R2 b œ a t b

11. Answer (2) (a, a)  R2 Ÿ so reflexive relation

R1 = {(a, b)  N × N : |a – b| d 13} and If (a, b) R2 then (b, a) may or may not belong to R2

R2 = {(a, b)  N × N : |a – b| d 13} Ÿ So not symmetric

Hence it is not equivalence relation
In R1: ' |2 – 11| = 9 d13
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

14. Answer (4) Ÿ3a + (7k – 3)b = 7k1 and

R = {(x, y) : 3x + Dy is multiple of 7}, Now R to be an 3b + (7k2 – 3) c = 7k3
equivalence relation
Adding 3a + 7kb + (7k2 – 3) c = 7 (k1 + k3)
(1) R should be reflexive : (a, a)R  aN
3a + (7k2 – 3) c = 7 m
? 3a + aD = 7k
?(a, c)R
? (3 + D) a = 7k
?R is transitive
?3 + D = 7k1 Ÿ D = 7k1 –3
?D = 7k – 3 = 7k + 4
= 7k1 + 4
(2) R should be symmetric : aRb œ bRa 15. Answer (2)

aRb : 3a + (7k –3) b = 7 m b can take its values as 9, 15, 21, 33, 39, 51, 57,
Ÿ3(a – b) + 7kb = 7 m 25, 35, 55, 49

Ÿ3(b – a) + 7 ka = 7 m b can take these 11 values

So, aRb Ÿ bRa and a can take any of 60 values
? R will be symmetric for a = 7k1 –3
So, number of elements in R = 60 × 11
(3) Transitive : Let (a, b)R, (b, c)R
= 660

‰‰‰
Chapter 17

Functions
1. Let f(x) = (x + 1)2 – 1, x  – 1. 5. The equation e sin x  e  sin x  4  0 has
Statement-1 : The set {x : f(x) = f –1(x)} = {0, –1}. [AIEEE-2012]
Statement-2 : f is a bijection. (1) No real roots
[AIEEE-2009] (2) Exactly one real root
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; (3) Exactly four real roots
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for (4) Infinite number of real roots
Statement-1
6. If a  R and the equation
(2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
–3(x – [x])2 + 2 (x – [x]) + a2 = 0
(3) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
(where [x] denotes the greatest integer  x) has no
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; integral solution, then all possible values of a lie in
Statement-2 is a correct explanation for the interval [JEE (Main)-2014]
Statement-1
(1) (–2, –1) (2) (–, – 2)  (2, )
2. For real x, let f(x) = x3 + 5x + 1, then
(3) (–1, 0) (0, 1) (4) (1, 2)
[AIEEE-2009]
7. If g is the inverse of a function f and
(1) f is onto R but not one-one
1
(2) f is one-one and onto R f '( x )  , then g(x) is equal to
1  x5
(3) f is neither one-one nor onto R [JEE (Main)-2014]
(4) f is one-one but not onto R
1
3. Let y be an implict function of x defined by (1) (2) 1 + {g(x)}5
1  g ( x )
5
x2x – 2xx cot y – 1 = 0. Then y(1) equals
[AIEEE-2009] (3) 1 + x5 (4) 5x4
(1) 1 (2) log 2
 1
(3) –log 2 (4) –1 8. If f ( x )  2f    3 x, x  0, and
x
4. Let f be a function defined by
S = {x  R : f(x) = f(– x)}; then S
2 [JEE (Main)-2016]
f ( x )  ( x  1)  1,( x  1) .
(1) Contains exactly one element
1
Statement - 1 : The set { x : f ( x )  f ( x )}  {1,2} .
(2) Contains exactly two elements
Statement - 2 : f is a bijection and (3) Contains more than two elements
f 1( x )  1  x  1, x  1 . (4) Is an empty set
[AIEEE-2011]
 1 1
(1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false 9. The function f : R   ,  defined as
 2 2
(2) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true x
f (x)  , is [JEE (Main)-2017]
(3) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; 1 x2
Statement-2 is the correct explanation for (1) Injective but not surjective
Statement-1 (2) Surjective but not injective
(4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true;
(3) Neither injective nor surjective
Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
Statement-1 (4) Invertible
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

1
10. For x  R  0,1 , let f1  x   , f2  x   1  x and  1 x   2x 
x 15. If f ( x )  loge   , x  1, then f  is
1  1 x   1 x2 
f3  x   be three given functions. If a function,
1 x equal to : [JEE (Main)-2019]
J(x) satisfies (f2°J°f1) (x) = f3(x) then J(x) is equal to (1) 2f(x) (2) 2f(x2)
[JEE (Main)-2019]
(3) –2f(x) (4) (f(x))2
1
(1) f1(x) (2) f3  x  16. Let f(x) = ax (a > 0) be written as f(x) = f1(x) + f2(x),
x
where f1(x) is an even function and f2(x) is an odd
(3) f2(x) (4) f3(x) function. Then f1(x + y) + f1(x – y) equals
11. Let A = {x  R : x is not a positive integer}. Define
[JEE (Main)-2019]
2x
a function f : A  R as f ( x )  , then f is (1) 2f1(x)f1(y)
x 1
[JEE (Main)-2019] (2) 2f1(x + y)f1(x – y)

(1) Injective but not surjective (3) 2f1(x + y)f2(x – y)

(2) Neither injective nor surjective (4) 2f1(x)f2(y)
(3) Surjective but not injective 10
(4) Not injective 17. Let  f (a  k )  16(210  1) , where the function f
k 1
12. Let N be the set of natural numbers and two
satisfies f(x + y) = f(x) f(y) for all natural numbers
functions f and g be defined as
x, y and f(1) = 2. Then the natural number a is
f, g : N  N such that
[JEE (Main)-2019]
n  1 (1) 2 (2) 3
 2 if n is odd
f (n )   (3) 16 (4) 4
 n if n is even
 2 18. If the function f : R – {1, –1}  A defined by

and g(n) = n – (–1)n. Then fog is x2

f(x) = , is surjective, then A is equal to
[JEE (Main)-2019] 1 x2
(1) One-one but not onto. [JEE (Main)-2019]
(2) Onto but not one-one. (1) [0, ) (2) R – {–1}
(3) Neither one-one nor onto. (3) R – (–1, 0) (4) R – [–1, 0)
(4) Both one-one and onto.
19. The domain of the definition of the function
x 1
13. Let f : R  R be defined by f(x) = , x  R. f (x)   log10 ( x 3  x ) is
1 x2 4  x2
Then the range of f is [JEE (Main)-2019]
[JEE (Main)-2019]
 1 1  1 1
(1) R –  – , (2) – 2 , 2  (1) (–1, 0)(1, 2)(3, )
 2 2   
(2) (–1, 0)(1, 2)(2, )
(3) (–1, 1) – {0} (4) R – [–1, 1]
(3) (1, 2)(2, )
14. Let a function f : (0, )  [0, ) be defined by
1 (4) (–2, –1)(–1, 0)(2, )
f (x )  1 . Then f is [JEE (Main)-2019]
x 20. Let f(x) = x 2 , x  R. For any A  R, define
g(A) = {x  R : f(x)  A}. If S = [0, 4], then which
(1) Injective only one of the following statements is not true ?
(2) Both injective as well as surjective [JEE (Main)-2019]
(3) Not injective but it is surjective (1) f(g(S)) = S (2) g(f(S)) = g(S)
(4) Neither injective nor surjective
(3) g(f(S))  S (4) f(g(S))  f(S)
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

21. The number of real roots of the equation 26. Let ƒ : R  R be a function which satisfies
x x x
5  | 2  1|  2 (2  2) is [JEE (Main)-2019] ƒ(x + y) = ƒ(x) + ƒ(y)  x, y  R . If ƒ(1) = 2 and

(1) 4 (2) 2  n 1

(3) 1 (4) 3
g (n )   ƒ(k ), n  N then the value of n, for
k 1

22. For x  R, let [x] denote the greatest integer which g(n) = 20, is [JEE (Main)-2020]
x, then the sum of the series (1) 20 (2) 9
 1  1 1   1 2   1 99  (3) 5 (4) 4
– 3    – 3 – 100   – 3 – 100   ....  – 3 – 100  27. Let [t] denote the greatest integer  t. Then the
       
equation in x, [x]2 + 2[x + 2] – 7 = 0 has
is: [JEE (Main)-2019]
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) – 135 (2) –153
(1) Exactly two solutions
(3) –133 (4) –131
(2) Infinitely many solutions
23. For x  0, 3  2  , let f ( x )  x , g ( x )  tan x and (3) Exactly four integral solutions
(4) No integral solution
1– x 2

h( x )     is
2 . If (x) = ((hof)og)(x), then

1 x 3 28. If f(x + y) = f(x) f(y) and  f ( x )  2 , x, y  N,
equal to : [JEE (Main)-2019] x 1
where N is the set of all natural numbers, then the
5  f (4)
(1) tan (2) tan
12 12 value of is [JEE (Main)-2020]
f (2)
11 7 1 4
(3) tan (4) tan
12 12 (1) (2)
9 9
24. If g(x) = x2 + x – 1 and (gof)(x) = 4x2 – 10x + 5,
1 2
5 (3) (4)
then f   is equal to [JEE (Main)-2020] 3 3
4
29. For a suitably chosen real constant a, let a
function, f : R – {–a}  R be defined by
1 3
(1) – (2) ax
2 2 f (x)  . Further suppose that for any real
ax
1 3 number x  –a and f(x)  –a, (fof)(x) = x. Then
(3) (4) –
2 2  1
f    is equal to [JEE (Main)-2020]
25. The inverse function of  2
8 2 x  8 2 x 1
f (x)  2x 2 x
, x  ( 1, 1), is _______ (1) –3 (2)
8 8 3
[JEE (Main)-2020]. 1
(3)  (4) 3
3
(1) 1 loge  1  x 
4  1 x  30. Let A = {a, b, c} and B = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Then the
 
number of elements in the set C = {f : A  B | 2
1 x 
 log8 e  loge 
1  f(A) and f is not one-one} is ______.
(2) 
4  1 x  [JEE (Main)-2020]
1  1 x  31. Suppose that a function f : R  R satisfies
(3) loge   f(x + y) = f(x)f(y) for all x, y  R and f(1) = 3. If
4  1 x 
n
1
 log8 e  loge 
1 x   f (i )  363 , then n is equal to ________.
(4)  i 1
4  1 x  [JEE (Main)-2020]
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

32. The number of function f from {1, 2, 3, ...,20} onto 38. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ..., 10} and f : A  A be defined
{1, 2, 3, ..., 20} such that f(k) is a multiple of 3, as
whenever k is a multiple of 4, is
k  1 if k is odd
[JEE (Main)-2019] f(k) = 
 k if k is even
(1) 56 × 15 (2) 65 × (15)! Then the number of possible functions
(3) 5! × 6! (4) (15)! × 6! g : A  A such that gof = f is :

33. The number of solutions of the equation [JEE (Main)-2021]

log4(x – 1) = log2(x – 3) is _________. (1) 55 (2) 105
(3) 5! (4) 10C5
[JEE (Main)-2021]
34. If a + = 1, b + = 2 and x2 – x – 2
39. Let f(x) = sin –1 x and g(x) = . If
 1  2x 2 – x – 6
af(x)  f    bx  , x  0 , then the value of
x
  x g(2) = xlim
 2 g(x), then the domain of the function
 1 fog is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
f(x)  f  
x
the expression is________.  4 
1
x (1) (– , – 2]   – ,  
x  3 
[JEE (Main)-2021]
 3 
35. Let f, g : N  N such that f(n  1)  f(n)  f(1)n  N (2) (– , – 2]   – ,  
 2 
and g be any arbitrary function. Which of the following
statements is NOT true ? [JEE (Main)-2021] (3) (– , – 1]  [2,  )
(1) If g is onto, then fog is one-one
(4) (– , – 2]  [–1,  )
(2) If f is onto, then f(n)  nn  N
 
40. If for x   0,  , log10 sin x  log10 cos x  –1 and
(3) f is one-one  2
(4) If fog is one-one, then g is one-one 1
log10 (sin x  cos x)  (log10 n – 1), n  0, then the
36. Let x denote the total number of one-one 2
functions from a set A with 3 elements to a set B value of n is equal to [JEE (Main)-2021]
with 5 elements and y denote the total number of (1) 9 (2) 16
one-one functions from the set A to the set A × (3) 12 (4) 20
B. Then : [JEE (Main)-2021]
41. The inverse of y = 5logx is
(1) 2y  273x (2) 2y  91x [JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) x = ylog5 (2) x = 5logy
(3) y  273x (4) y  91x 1 1

(3) x  y log5
(4) x  5 log y
5x
37. A function f(x) is given by f(x)  , then 42. If the functions are defined as
5x  5
the sum of the series f  x   x and g  x   1  x, then what is the
common domain of the following functions :
 1   2   3   39 
f
20   f  20   f  20   ....  f  20  is equal to: f + g, f – g, f/g, g/f, g – f
       
[JEE (Main)-2021]
f x
where (f ± g)(x) = f(x) ± g(x), (f/g)(x)  g x
19 29  
(1) (2)
2 2 [JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 0 < x < 1 (2) 0 < x  1
49 39
(3) (4) (3) 0  x  1 (4) 0  x  1
2 2
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

43. Let f : R – {3}  R – {1} be defined by 49. Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal
x2 to x. Then, the values of xR satisfying the equation
f(x)  . [ex]2 + [ex + 1] – 3 = 0 lie in the interval.
x3
[JEE (Main)-2021]
Let g : R  R be given as g(x) = 2x – 3. Then, (1) [0, 1/e) (2) [1, e)
the sum of all the values of x for which
(3) [0, loge2) (4) [loge2, loge3)
1 –113 50. Let A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}. Then the number of
f (x)  g (x)  is equal to
2 bijective functions f :    such that f(1) + f(2)
[JEE (Main)-2021] = 3 – f(3) is equal to _______. [JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 3 (2) 5
51. Let g : N  N be defined as
(3) 7 (4) 2
g(3n + 1) = 3n + 2,
44. Let [x] denote the greatest integer x, where x 
R. If the domain of the real valued function g(3n + 2) = 3n + 3,

 x  2 g(3n + 3) = 3n + 1, for all n  0.

f x  is (–,a), [b, c) (4,), a < b <
 x  3 Then which of the following statements is true?
[JEE (Main)-2021]
c, then the value of a + b + c is
(1) gogog = g
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) –2 (2) 1 (2) There exists an onto function f : N  N such
that fog = f
(3) 8 (4) –3
45. If sum of the first 21 terms of the series (3) There exists a one-one function f : N  N
such that fog = f
log 1 x  log 1 x  log 1 x  ..., where x > 0 is
9 2 9 3 9 4 (4) There exists a function f : N  N such that
504, then x is equal to [JEE (Main)-2021] gof = f
(1) 81 (2) 243 52. Consider functions f : A  B and g : B  C(A, B,
(3) 9 (4) 7 C  R) such that (gof)–1 exists, then
[JEE (Main)-2021]
 5x  3
46. Let f : R  
   R be defined by f ( x )  . (1) f is one-one and g is onto
6 6x  
(2) f is onto and g is one-one
Then the value of  for which (fof)(x) = x, for all (3) f and g both are one-one
  (4) f and g both are onto
x  R    , is [JEE (Main)-2021]
6  53. If for x, y  R, x > 0, y = log10x + log10x1/3 + log10x1/9
(1) 5 (2) 8 2  4  6  ...  2 y 4
+...upto  terms and 3  6  9  ...  3 y  log x ,
(3) No such  exists (4) 6 10
then the ordered pair (x, y) is equal to :
47. The number of solutions of the equation log(x + 1) [JEE (Main)-2021]
(2x2 + 7x + 5) + log(2x + 5) (x + 1)2 – 4 = 0, x > 0, is 6
(1) (10 , 9) (2) (106, 6)
____. [JEE (Main)-2021]
(3) (104, 6) (4) (102, 3)
48. If the domain of the function 54. If x + 9y – 4x + 3 = 0, x, y  R, then x and y
2 2
respectively lie in the intervals
cos1 x 2  x  1 [JEE (Main)-2021]
f (x)  is the interval (, ], then
1  2 x  1 (1) [1, 3] and [1, 3]
sin  
 2   1 1  1 1
(2)   ,  and   , 
 +  is equal to [JEE (Main)-2021]  3 3  3 3

3  1 1
(1) 1 (2) (3)   ,  and [1, 3]
2  3 3
 1 1
1 (4) 1, 3 and   , 
(3) (4) 2  3 3
2
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

55. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Then the probability that 61. Let ƒ : R  R be defined as
a randomly chosen onto function g from S to S
ƒ(x) = x3 + x – 5
satisfies g(3) = 2g(1) is [JEE (Main)-2021]
If g(x) is a function such that ƒ(g(x)) = x,  x  R,
1 1
(1) (2) then g(63) is equal to_____. [JEE (Main)-2022]
30 10
1 3
(1) (2)
1 1 49 49
(3) (4)
15 5 43 91
(3) (4)
49 49
56. The sum of the roots of the equation,
62. Let f : R  R be a function defined by
x + 1 – 2log2(3 + 2x) + 2log4(10 – 2–x) = 0, is
[JEE (Main)-2021] 1
  x 25   50
(1) log214 (2) log212 f  x    2  1 
 2

 2  x
25
  . If the function g(x)

   
(3) log211 (4) log213
= f (f (f (x))) + f (f (x)), then the greatest integer less
57. Let f : N  N be a function such that f(m + n) than or equal to g(1) is ___________.
= f(m) + f(n) for every m, n  N. If f(6) = 18, then
[JEE (Main)-2022]
f(2)·f(3) is equal to [JEE (Main)-2021]

(1) 54 (2) 18 x 1
63. Let ƒ( x )  , x  R  {0,  1, 1}. If ƒn+1(x) = ƒ(ƒn(x))
(3) 6 (4) 36 x 1
for all n  N, then ƒ6(6) + ƒ7(7) is equal to :
58. The range of the function
[JEE (Main)-2022]
  3       3 
f ( x )  log 5  3  cos   x   cos   x   cos   x   cos   x 
  4  4  4   4  7 3
(1) (2) 
is [JEE (Main)-2021] 6 2

(1) [0, 2] (2) [–2, 2] 7 11

(3) (4) 
12 12
 1 
(3) 0, 5  (4) 
 5
, 5

64. Let f :    be defined as f(x) = x – 1 and

x2
g :   1, – 1   be defined as g  x   .
59. The number of one-one functions ƒ : {a, b, c, d}  x2  1
{0, 1, 2, ..., 10} such that 2ƒ(a) – ƒ(b) + 3ƒ(c) + ƒ(d)
Then the function fog is: [JEE (Main)-2022]
= 0 is ________. [JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) One-one but not onto
60. Let ƒ : N  R be a function such that ƒ(x + y) =
2ƒ(x) ƒ(y) for natural numbers x and y. If ƒ(1) = 2, (2) Onto but not one-one
then the value of  for which
(3) Both one-one and onto

10 (4) Neither one-one nor onto

512
 ƒ(  k )  3 (220  1) holds, is :
k 1 65. Let f :    satisfy f(x + y) = 2x f(y) + 4y f(x),

[JEE (Main)-2022] f (4)

x, y   . If f(2) = 3, then 14· is equal to ___.
f (2)
(1) 2 (2) 3

(3) 4 (4) 6 [JEE (Main)-2022]

ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

66. Let ƒ : R  R be a function defined by 70. Let c, k  R. If f(x) = (c + 1)x2 + (1 – c2)x + 2k and f(x
+ y) = f(x) + f(y) – xy, for all x, y  R, then the value
2e2 x
ƒ( x )  . of 2  f 1  f  2   f  3   .....  f  20   is equal to
e2x  e
___________. [JEE (Main)-2022]

71. The number of solutions of the equation

 1   2   3   99  sin x = cos2 x in the interval (0, 10) is _____.
Then ƒ    ƒ   ƒ   ...  ƒ   is
 100   100   100   100 
72. The number of solutions of |cos x| = sinx, such that
equal to ________. [JEE (Main)-2022] –4  x  4 is : [JEE (Main)-2022]

67. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. Define (1) 4 (2) 6

f : S ! S as (3) 8 (4) 12
73. Let f, g :  – {1}   be functions defined by
2n , if n  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 f(a) = , where  is the maximum of the powers of
f(n) =  .
2n  11, if n  6, 7, 8, 9, 10 those primes p such that p divides a, and g(a) = a
+ 1, for all a   – {1}. Then, the function f + g is
Let g : S ! S be a function such that
[JEE (Main)-2022]
n  1 , if n is odd
fog(n) =  , (1) one-one but not onto
n  1 , if n is even
(2) onto but not one-one
Then g(10) (g(1) + g(2) + g(3) + g(4) + g(5)) is equal
to __________. [JEE (Main)-2022] (3) both one-one and onto

68. Let a function ƒ : N  N be defined by (4) neither one-one nor onto

 74. The number of functions f, from the set A = {x  N :

 2n, n  2, 4, 6, 8,.....
 x2 – 10x + 9  0} to the set B = {n2 : n  N} such that
ƒ(n )   n  1, n  3, 7, 11, 15,..... f(x)  (x – 3)2 + 1, for every x  A, is _________.
n 1
 , n  1, 5, 9, 13,.... [JEE (Main)-2022]
 2
75. Let ,  and  be three positive real numbers. Let
then, ƒ is [JEE (Main)-2022]
f(x) = x5 + x3 + x, x   and g :    be such
(1) One-one but not onto that g(f(x)) = x for all x  . If a , a , a , …, a be in
1 2 3 n

(2) Onto but not one-one arithmetic progression with mean zero, then the

(3) Neither one-one nor onto  1 n 

value of f  g   f (ai )   is equal to
 n 
  i 1 
(4) One-one and onto

69. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Then the number of elements in

[JEE (Main)-2022]
the set {f : S × S  S : f is onto and f(a, b) = f(b, a)
(1) 0 (2) 3
 a  (a, b)  S  S} is _____.
(3) 9 (4) 27
[JEE (Main)-2022]


Chapter 17

Functions
1. Answer (2) 4. Answer (3)
We have, f(x) = (x + 1)2 – 1, x t – 1 Given f(x) = (x – 1)2 + 1
Ÿ fc(x) = 2 (x + 1) t 0 for x t – 1 Ÿ y = (x – 1)2 + 1
Ÿ f(x) is one-one Ÿ (x – 1)2 = y – 1
Since co-domain of the given function is not given, Ÿ x 1 y  1
hence it can be considered as R, the set of reals
and consequently R is not onto. Ÿ f–1(x) = 1  x  1
Hence f is not bijective statement-2 is false. Statement-1 :
Also f(x) = (x + 1)2 – 1 t –1 for x t – 1 f(x) = f–1(x)
Ÿ Rf = [–1, f)
Ÿ (x – 1)2 + 1 = 1  x  1
Clearly f(x) = f –1(x) at x = 0 and x = – 1.
Ÿ (x – 1)4 = (x – 1)
Statement-1 is true.
Ÿ (x – 1) ((x – 1)3 – 1) = 0
2. Answer (2)
After solving
f(x) = x3 + 5x + 1 Ÿ x = 1, 2
fc (x) = 3x2 + 5 > 0  x  R Ÿ Statement-1 is true.
Hence f(x) is monotonic increasing. Therefore it is Statement-2 :
one-one.
Also it onto on R f–1(x) = 1  x  1
Ÿ Statement-2 is also true.
Hence it one-one and onto R.
But statement-2 is a correct explanation of
3. Answer (4) statement 1.
' ( x x )2  2.x x cot y 1, 5. Answer (1)
esin x – e–sin x = 4
S Ÿ e2sin x = 4esin x + 1
? when x = 1, y =
2
As no intersection in [0, 2S)
Differentiating, ? by perodicity no solution
x x
2.x .x (1  loge x ) 6. Answer (3)
ª dy º –3(x – [x])2 + 2[x – [x]) + a2 = 0
2 «  x x cosec 2 y  cot y .x x (1  log x ) » 0
¬ dx ¼ 3 {x}2 – 2{x} – a2 = 0

S § 2 ·
a z 0, 3 ¨ { x } 2  { x } ¸ a2
Put x = 1 and y = © 3 ¹
2
dy 2
2  2.  2u0 0 § 1· 1
dx a2 3 ¨ {x }  ¸ 
© 3¹ 3
dy
1 1 1 2
dx 0 d { x }  1and  d {x}  
3 3 3
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

2 9. Answer (2)
§ 1· 4
0 d 3 ¨ {x}  ¸ 
© 3¹ 3 x
f (x )
2 1 x2
1 § 1· 1
 d 3 ¨ {x }  ¸   1
3 © 3¹ 3
(1  x 2 ) ˜ 1  x ˜ 2 x 1 x2
For non-integral solution f c( x ) 2 2
(1  x ) (1  x 2 )2
0< a2 < 1 and a (–1, 0) ‰(0, 1)
Alternative fc(x) changes sign in different intervals.
–3{x}2 + 2{x} + a2 =0 ? Not injective.
Now, –3{x}2 + 2{x}
x
y
1 x2

yx 2  x  y 0

1 For y z 0
2/3
1 ª 1 1º
D 1  4 y 2 t 0 Ÿ y  «  , »  {0}
¬ 2 2¼

to have no integral roots 0 < a2 < 1 For, y = 0 Ÿx = 0

? a(–1, 0) ‰ (0, 1) ? Part of range

7. Answer (2)
ª 1 1º
? Range : «  , »
1 ¬ 2 2¼
f '( x ) f (g ( x )) x o f '(g ( x )) g '( x ) 1
1  x5
? Surjective but not injective.
1 10. Answer (4)
g '( x ) 1  (g ( x ))5
f '(g ( x ))
1
8. Answer (2) f2o Jo f1 x f3 x
1– x
§ 1· 1
f ( x )  2f ¨ ¸ 3x Ÿ f2o J f1 x
©x¹ 1– x

§ 1· 3 1
Ÿ f ¨© ¸¹  2f ( x )
x x § 1· 1 x
Ÿ f2o J ¨ ¸
©x¹ 1 1
6 1– –1
? 3f(x) =  3x 1 x
x x
§2 ·
? f(x) = ¨©  x ¸¹
x x
Ÿ f2o J x
x –1
2
f(–x) =  x
x
x
f(x) = f(–x) Ÿ f2 J x
x –1
2 2
Ÿ x =  x
x x x 1 1
Ÿ 1– J x 1 1–
x –1 x –1 1– x
4
Ÿ 2x  =0
x
1
?J x f3 x
Ÿ x= r 2 1– x
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

11. Answer (1) 13. Answer (2)

As A = {x  R : x is not a positive integer} x
f(x) = , x R
1 x2
2x
f : A o R given by f(x) = x
x 1 y=
1 x2
2
yx – x + y = 0
f(x1) = f(x2) œ x1 = x2
Dt0
So, f is one-one.
1 t 4y2
As f(x) z 2 for any x  A Ÿ f is not onto.
1
|y| d
? f is injective but not surjective. 2
12. Answer (2) 1 1
– dyd
2 2
­n  1 Ÿ Option (2) is correct.
°° 2 , if n is odd 14. Answer (3)
f (n ) ®
° n , if n is even
°̄ 2 y=3

­2, n 1 Graphically f (x) is not injective but surjective.

°1, n 2 15. Answer (1)
°
°° 4, n 3 § 1 x ·
g (n ) ® ' f x In ¨ ¸
°3, n 4 © 1 x ¹
°6, n 5
° § 2x ·
°̄5, n 6 § 2x · ¨ 1 ¸
f¨ In ¨ 1  x2 ¸ § 1  x 2  2x ·
2 ¸ 2 x In ¨ ¸
© 1 x ¹ ¨¨ 1  ¸¸ © 1  x 2  2x ¹
© 1  2x 2 ¹
2
§ 1 x · § 1 x ·
­ g (n)  1 In ¨ ¸ 2 In ¨ ¸
°° 2 , if g (n ) is odd © 1 x ¹ © 1 x ¹
Ÿ f g n ®
° g ( n ) , if g n is even 2f x
°̄ 2 16. Answer (1)
§ a x  a x · § a x  a x ·
f(x) = ax = ¨¨ ¸¸  ¨¨ ¸¸
© 2 ¹ © 2 ¹

­1, n 1 a x  a x
°1, n where f1(x) = is even function
2 2
°
°2, n 3 ax  ax
° f2(x) =is odd function
°2, n 4 2
° Ÿ f1(x + y) + f1(x – y)
f (g (n )) ®3, n 5 Ÿ fog is onto but not one - one
°3, n 6 § a x  y  a x y · § a x y  ax y ·
° ¸¸  ¨¨
°: : = ¨¨ 2 2
¸¸
© ¹ © ¹
°
°: :
1ª x y
°̄: : = a ( a  a  y )  a  x (a y  a  y ) º
2¬ ¼

(a x  a  x )(a y  a  y )
=
2
Ÿ Option (2) is correct. = 2f1(x).f1(y)
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

17. Answer (2) 19. Answer (2)

' f(x + y) = f(x) · f(y) For domain denominator z 0
4 – x2 z 0 Ÿ x z±2 …(1)
x
? Let f ( x ) b and x3 –x>0
Ÿ x(x – 1)(x + 1) > 0
' f(1) = 2
? bc = 2 –1 0 1
x (–1, 0) ‰ (1, f) …(2)
Ÿ f (x) 2x Hence domain is intersection of (1) & (2) i.e.
x (–1, 0) ‰ (1, 2) ‰ (2, f)
10
20. Answer (2)
Now, ¦2 ak
16(2 10
 1)
f(x) = x2 x  R
k 1

g(A) = {x  R : f(x)  A} S { [0, 4]

10
Ÿ 2a ¦ 2k 16(210  1) g(S) = {x  R : f(x)  I}
k 1 = {x  R : 0 d x2 d 4}
= {x  R : –2 d x d 2}
10
(2 )  1 u 2 ? g(S) z S
Ÿ 2a u 16 u (210  1)
(2  1) ? f(g(S)) z f(S)

Ÿ 2a = 8 g(f(S)) = {x  R : f(x)  f(S)}

= {x  R : x2  S2}
Ÿ a 3 = {x  R : 0 d x2 d 16}
= {x  R : –4 d x d 4}
18. Answer (4)
? g(f(S)) z g(S)
x 2 ? g(f(S)) = g(S) is incorrect
f x
1– x 2 21. Answer (3)
Let 2x – 1 = t
2
x 5 + | t | = (t + 1) (t – 1)
Ÿ f –x f x
1– x 2 Ÿ | t | = t2 – 6
For t > 0, t2 – t – 6 = 0
2x i.e., t = 3 or – 2 (rejected)
Ÿ fc x
2
1– x 2 For t < 0, t2 + t – 6 = 0
i.e., t = – 3 or 2 (both rejected)
? f(x) increases in x (0, f)
? 2x – 1 = 3
Also, f(0) = 0 Ÿ x=2
22. Answer (3)
lim f ( x ) 1
xo r f
ª 1º ª 2º ª n  1º
As > x @  « x  »  « x  » .... « x  >nx @
and F(x) is even function ¬ n¼ ¬ n¼ ¬ n »¼
? Set A o R –[–1, 0) As [x] + [–x] = –1 (x z)
? Graph of function Required value

­ª 1 º ª 1 1 º ª 1 99 º ½
100  ® « »  «  »  ... «  »¾
¯ ¬ 3 ¼ ¬ 3 100 ¼ ¬ 3 100 ¼ ¿

1 ª100 º
–1 0 100  « »
–1
¬ 3 ¼
= –133
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

23. Answer (3) 26. Answer (3)

1
§S· § § § S ··· f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y), x, y  R, f 1 2
I¨ ¸ h¨f ¨g ¨ ¸¸¸ h f 3 h(3 4 )
©3¹ © © © 3 ¹¹¹ Ÿ f(x) = 2x

1 3 1 n –1
 (1  3  2 3 ) 3 2 (  3  2)
1 3 2 Now, g(n) = ¦f k
k 1

§ S · = f(1) + f(2) + f(3) + .......f(n – 1)

 tan15q tan(180q  15q) tan ¨ S  ¸
© 12 ¹
= 2 + 4 + 6 + ...... +2(n – 1)
11S = 2[1 + 2 + 3 + ..... +(n – 1)]
tan
12
24. Answer (1) n –1 n
=2× n2 – n
2
2
§ § 5 ·· §5· §5· –5
g ¨f ¨ ¸¸ 4 ¨ ¸ – 10 ¨ ¸  5 So, n2 – n = 20 (given)
© © 4 ¹¹ ©4¹ ©4¹ 4
Ÿ n2 – n –20 = 0
§ § 5 ·· §5· §5· (n – 5)(n + 4) = 0
Now, g ¨ f ¨ ¸ ¸ f2¨ ¸f ¨ ¸ –1
© © 4 ¹¹ ©4¹ ©4¹
Ÿ n 5
§5·
Let f ¨ ¸ t 27. Answer (2)
©4¹
[x]2 + 2[x] + 4 – 7 = 0
–5
Ÿ t2  t – 1 Ÿ [x]2 + 2[x] – 3 = 0
4
Ÿ [x]2 + 3[x] – [x] – 3 = 0
2 1
t t  0 Ÿ ([x] + 3) ([x] –1) = 0
4
2 Ÿ [x] = 1 or –3
? § 1·
¨t  2 ¸ 0 Ÿ x  [–3, –2) ‰ [1, 2)
© ¹
infinitely many solutions.
i.e., f §¨ 5 ·¸ –1
28. Answer (2)
©4¹ 2
Let f(1) = a
25. Answer (2)
then f (1 + 1) = a2
8 2 x  8 2 x
Let y f(2 + 1) = a3
8 2 x  8 2 x
and so on.
4x
8 1
Ÿ y f
84 x  1 ¦ f (x) 2 Ÿ a + a2 + a3 + ....... f = 2
x 1
Ÿ 84x. y+y= 84x –1
Ÿ 1+y= 84x (1 – y)
a
Ÿ 2
4x 1 y 1– a
Ÿ 8
1 y
2
Ÿ a=
§ 1 y · 3
Ÿ 4x log8 ¨ ¸
© 1 y ¹
f 4 a4 2 4
1
f (x)
1 § 1 x ·
log8 ¨
1 § 1 x ·
log8 e loge ¨ Now, f 2 = 2 = a = 9
? ¸ ¸ a
4 © 1 x ¹ 4 © 1 x ¹
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

29. Answer (4) 32. Answer (4)

Domain and codomain = {1, 2, 3, ..., 20}.
§a – x · There are five multiple of 4 as 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20.
a–¨ ¸
f (f ( x )) ©a x¹ x and there are 6 multiple of 3 as 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18.
§a– x·
a¨ ¸ when ever k is multiple of 4 then f(k) is multiple of
©ax¹
3 then total number of arrangement
= 6C5 × 5! = 6!
a 2  ax – a  x Remaining 15 are arrange is 15! ways.
Ÿ x
a 2  ax  a – x ? given function in onto

Ÿ a2 + (a + 1)x – a = a2x + (a – 1)x2 + ax ? Total number of arrangement = 15! ˜ 6!

33. Answer (1)
Ÿ (a – 1)x2 + (a2 – 1)x + (a – a2) = 0
Domain : x – 1 > 0 and x – 3 > 0
x  R – {– a}
Ÿ x  3, f
Hence a = 1
' log4 x  1 log2 x  3
1– x Ÿ x – 1 = (x – 3)2
Ÿ f ¨§ – ¸·
? f (x) 1
3
1 x © 2¹ Ÿ x2 – 7x + 8 = 0

30. Answer (19) 7 r 17

Ÿ x
The desired functions will contain either one 2
element or two elements in its codomain of which 7  17
‘2’ always belongs to f(A). but only is the correct answer..
2
? The set B can be 34. Answer (2)
{2}, {1, 2}, {2, 3}, {2, 4} § 1·
af(x)  Df ¨ ¸ bx 
E
...(i)
©x¹ x
Total number of functions
1
= 1 + (23 – 2)3 Replace x by x

= 19 § 1·
af ¨ ¸  Df(x)
b
 Ex ...(ii)
©x¹ x
31. Answer (05.00)
(i) + (ii)
' f(x + y) = f(x).f(y) xR f(1) = 3 § § 1·· § 1·
Ÿ a  D ¨ f(x)  f ¨ ¸ ¸ (b  E) ¨ x  ¸
Ÿ f(x) = 3x Ÿ f(i) = 3i © © x ¹¹ © x¹

§ 1·
f(x)  f ¨ ¸
n ©x¹ bE 2
Ÿ ¦ f (i ) 363 Ÿ
x
1 aD 1
2
i 1 x
35. Answer (1)
Ÿ 3 + 32 + 33 + … + 3n = 363
Given f, g : N o N
& f(n + 1) = f(n) + 1
3(3n  1)
363
3 1 Ÿ f(2) 2f(1) ½
Ÿ f(3) 3f(1) °°
363 u 2 °
3n  1 242 f(4) 4f(4)¾ Ÿ f is one  one.
3 ................. °
°
3n = 243 = 35 f(n) nf(1) °¿

n=5 Now if f is onto Ÿ f(1) = 1

MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

Ÿ f(n) n 3x  4 x2
Ÿ t 0 and t0
2x  3 2x  3
Also it is clear if fog is one-one Ÿ g will be x  f, 3 / 2 ‰ > 4 / 3, f @ and x  ( f, 2] ‰ 3 / 2, f
one-one.
So only option (1) is not correct.
36. Answer (2) –2 –3/2 –4/3

n(A) = 3, n(B) = 5 Hence x  f, 2@ u 4 / 3, f @

x= 5C
3 × 3! = 5 × 4 × 3 40. Answer (3)
n(A × B) = 15 Given, log10(sinx cosx) = –1

y= 15C × 3! = 15 × 14 × 13 2 6
3 Ÿ sin 2x Ÿ 1  sin 2x
10 5
y 15 u 14 u 13 91
1
x 5u 4u3 2 Also log10 (sin x  cos x) (log10 n – 1)
2
2y = 91x
1 1
37. Answer (4) Ÿ log10 (1  sin 2x) (log10 n – log10 10)
2 2
52 x 5 Ÿ
6 n
Ÿ n 12
f 2x
5 2 x
5 5  5x 5 10
So f(x) + f(2 – x) = 1 41. Answer (3)

39 19 y 5log x
§ r · § § r · § r ··
¦f¨ ¸ ¦ ¨ f ¨ ¸  f ¨© 2  20 ¸¹ ¸¹  f (1) Ÿ log y log x ˜ log5
r 1 © 20 ¹ r 1 © © 20 ¹
log y
1 39 Ÿ log x log5 y
19  log5
2 2
38. Answer (2) Ÿ x elog5 y
Note that f(1) = f(2) = 2 Ÿ x ylog5 e
f(3) = f(4) = 4 1
log5
f(5) = f(6) = 6 Ÿ x y
42. Answer (1)
f(7) = f(8) = 8
For common domain { (domain of) ˆ domain of g
f(9) = f(10) = 10
– {Points where either or both of f, g vanishes}
gof(1) = f(1) Ÿ g(2) = f(1) = 2 Ÿ x > 0 and 1 – x > 0
gof(2) = f(2) Ÿ g(2) = f(2) = 2 Ÿ x(0, 1)
gof(3) = f(3) Ÿ g(4) = f(3) = 4 43. Answer (2)
Finding inverse of f(x)
? In function g(x), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 should be
mapped to 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 respectively. Each x2
y Ÿ xy  3y x  2 Ÿ x(y  1) 3y  2
of remaining elements can be mapped to any x3
of 10 elements. 3x  2
? f 1(x)
Number of possible g(x) is 105 x 1
Similarly for g–1(x)
39. Answer (1)
y3 x3
x  2 x 1 y = 2x – 3 Ÿ x Ÿ g1(x)
3 2 2
g 2 lim g(x)
x o2 2x  3 x  2 7 3x  2 x  3 13
? 
x 1 2 2
§ x 1 ·
log(x) sin1 ¨ ¸ Ÿ 6x – 4 + x2 + 2x – 3 = 13x – 13
© 2x  3 ¹ Ÿ x2 – 5x + 6 = 0
x 1 Ÿ (x – 2) (x – 3) = 0
for domain 1 d d1
2x  3 Ÿ x = 2 or 3
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

44. Answer (1) 48. Answer (2)

[x] – 2
[x] – 3
t 0 Ÿ [x] d 2 Or [x] ! 3 cos1 §¨ x 2  x  1 ·¸
f (x) © ¹
Ÿ –2 d[x] d 2 Or [x] < –3 Or [x] > 3 § 2 x  1 ·
sin1 ¨ ¸
Ÿ –2 d x < 3 Or x < –3 or x t 4 © 2 ¹

Ÿ x (–f, –3) ‰ > –2, 3 ‰ > 4, f

2x  1
0 d1 ...(i)
a = –3, b = –2, c = 3 2
45. Answer (1) Ÿ 0 < 2x – 1 d 2
log 1 x  log 1 x  log 1 x  ... Ÿ 1 < 2x d 3
9 2 9 3 9 4
1 3
Ÿ log9 x 2  log9 x 3  log9 x 4  ... Ÿ xd
2 2

Ÿ log9 x
23 ........21 terms
504 and 0 d x2 – x + 1 d 1 ...(ii)
x2 – x d 0
Ÿ 252 log9 x = 504
x(x – 1) d 0
Ÿ x = 92 = 81
46. Answer (1) 0dxd1

For f(f(x)) = x §1 º 3
? domain x  ¨ , 1» (D, E] Ÿ D  E
f(x) = f–1(x) ©2 ¼ 2
finding f–1(x) 49. Answer (3)
' [ex]2 + [ex+1] – 3 = 0
3x  3
y
6x  D Ÿ [ex]2 + [ex] – 2 = 0
Ÿ ([ex] +2) ([ex] – 1) = 0
1 3  Dx
Ÿ f x [ex] = –2 not possible
6x  5
and [ex] = 1
? f(x) = f–1(x) gives
? e x  [1, 2)
3  Dx 5x  3
6x  5 6x  D ? x  [0, ln 2)

Ÿ (30 – 6D)x2 + (D2 – 25)x + (3D – 15) = 0 50. Answer (720)

? D=5 Clearly f(1), f(2) and f(3) are the permutations of 0,
1, 2; and f(0), f(4), f(5), f(6) and f(7) are the
47. Answer (1)
permutations of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
log(x + 1) (x + 1) (2x + 5) + log(2x + 5) (x + 1)2 = 4 Total number of bijective functions 5· 3 720
Ÿ 1 + log(x + 1) (2x + 5) + 2 log(2x + 5) (x + 1) = 4 51. Answer (2)

Let log(x + 1) (2x + 5) = t ' g(3n + 1) = 3n + 2, g(3n + 2) = 3n + 3 and

g(3n + 3) = 3n + 1
2 ' gogog (3n + 1) = g(g(g(3n + 1))) = g(g(3n + 2))
then t  3 Ÿ t = 1, 2
t = g(3n + 3) = 3n + 1

Ÿ 2x + 5 = x + 1 or 2x + 5 = (x + 1)2 Similarly we can see that gogog = x (identity)

For fog = f to hold

Ÿ x = –4, +2, –2 out of which only x = 2 is
acceptable. ‘f’ must be an onto function
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

52. Answer (1) 55. Answer (2)

' f : A o B and g : B o C then (gof)–1 = f–1 o g–1 Total number of onto functions = 6
? f–1 : B o A and g–1 : C o B ' g(3) = 2g(1) then (g(1), g(3))
? (gof)–1 :CoA = (1, 2) or (2, 4) or (3, 6)
? f must be one-one and g will be onto function. In each case number of onto functions = 4
53. Answer (1)
34 1
y log x  log x1/3  log x1/9  ...f Required probability = 6 10
10 10 10
= log10(x·x1/3·x1/9 ... f) 56. Answer (3)
x + 1 – 2 log2(3 + 2x) + 2 log4(10 – 2–x) = 0
§ 1 1 1
  ...f ·
log ¨x 3 9 ¸ Ÿ x + 1 + log2(10 – 2–x) – log2(3 + 2x)2 = 0
10 ¨ ¸
© ¹ § ·
x 2
¨ 32 ¸
§ 1 · Ÿ x + 1 = log 2 ¨ ¸
¨ 1 1 ¸ ¨ 10  2
x
¸
3
y log10 ¨ x 3 ¸ log10 x 3/2 log x © ¹
¨ ¸ 2 10
¨ ¸
© ¹ x 1 9  6 ˜ 2 x  22 x
Ÿ 2
2  4  6...  2y 4 10  2 x
3  6  9  ...  3 y log x Ÿ 20 ˜ 2 x  2 9  6 ˜ 2 x  22 x
10

2 1  2  3  ...  y Ÿ (2x)2 – 14(2x) + 11 = 0

4
Ÿ 3 1  2  3  ...  y log10 x Let two roots are 2 x1 and 2x2

2 4 Then 2 x1 ˜ 2 x2 11 Ÿ x1 + x2 = log211
1
Ÿ
3 log x
10
? Sum of roots = log211
57. Answer (1)
Ÿ log10 x 6
' f(m + n) = f(m) + f(n), f : N o N
Ÿ x = 106 then f(x) = kx
3 ' f(6) = 18 Ÿ 18 = k·6 Ÿ k = 3
Ÿ y u6 9
2 ? f(x) = 3x
54. Answer (4) ? f(2)·f(3) = 6 × 9
9y2 = – x2 + 4x – 3 ...(i) = 54
9y2 t 0 58. Answer (1)
Ÿ – x2 + 4x – 3 t 0
§ § 3S · §S· ·
x2 – 4x + 3 d 0 f (x) log 5 ¨ 3  2 sin ¨ ¸ sin  x  2cos ¨ 4 ¸ ˜ cos x ¸
© © 4 ¹ © ¹ ¹
(x – 1) (x – 3) d 0
x  [1, 3] log 5 3  2 cos x  sin x
Let f(x) = –x2 + 4x – 3
(f(x))max = f(2) = 1 ' Range of cosx – sinx is ª  2, 2 º
¬ ¼
(f(x))min = f(1) or f(3) = 0, Then range of f(x) is [0, 2]
0 d – x2 + 4x – 3 d 1
59. Answer (31)
0 d 9y2 d 1
' 3ƒ(c) + 2ƒ(a) + ƒ(d) = ƒ(b)
1 2
0dy d Value of ƒ(c) Value of ƒ(a) Number of functions
9
0 1 7
1
0d y d 2 5
3
3 3
1 1
 dyd 4 2
3 3
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

1 0 6
1
2 2 gc ƒ x 2
3x  1
3 1
Put x = 4 we get
2 0 3
1
1 1 gc 63
49
3 0 1
62. Answer (2)
Total Number 31
1
of functions =
§ § 2  x 25 · 25
· 50
60. Answer (3) f(x) = ¨¨ 2 ¨¨ ¸¸ 2  x ¸
¸
© © 2 ¹ ¹
ƒ(x + y) = 2ƒ(x)ƒ(y) & ƒ(1) = 2
1
x=y=1 = 4  x 50 50

Ÿ ƒ(2) 23 ½ 1
°° (2 x 1) § 1 ·50 · 50
x 2, y 1¾ ƒ( x ) 2 §
¨ 50 50 ¸ ¸
° f(f(x)) = ¨ 4  ¨¨ 4  x ¸ ¸¸
x
Ÿ ƒ(3) 25 °¿ ¨ © ¹
© ¹

Now, As f (f (x)) = x we have

g(x) = f(f(f(x))) + f(f(x)) = f(x) + x
10
512 20
¦ ƒ(D  k ) 3
(2  1) Ÿ g(x) = (4 – x50)1/50 + x
k 1 Ÿ g(1) = 31/50 + 1
Ÿ [g(1)] = 2
10
512 20
2 ¦ ƒ(D )ƒ(k ) (2  1) 63. Answer (2)
k 1 3
x 1
1
512 20 x 1 x 1 1
2ƒ(D ) > ƒ(1)  ƒ(2)  .....  ƒ(10)@ (2  1) ƒ( x ) Ÿ ƒ ƒ( x ) 
3 x 1 x 1 x
1
x 1
512 20
2ƒ( D ) ª2  23  25  .....upto 10 terms º (2  1)
¬ ¼ 3 x 1
1
x 1
3
ƒ (x)  Ÿ ƒ4 ( x )  x 1 x
§ 220  1 · Ÿ x 1 x 1
512 20 1
2ƒ(D ) ˜ 2 ¨ ¸ (2  1) x 1
¨ 4 1 ¸ 3
© ¹
So, ƒ 6 (6)  ƒ7 (7) ƒ2 (6)  ƒ3 (7)
ƒ(D) = 128 = 22D – 1
= 2D – 1 = 7 1 7 1 9 3
   
6 7 1 6 2
Ÿ D=4
64. Answer (4)
61. Answer (1)
f : \ o \ defined as
ƒ(x) = 3x2 + 1
ƒc(x) is bijective function x2
f(x) = x – 1 and g : \ o {1, –1} o \ , g(x) =
and ƒ (g(x)) = x Ÿ g(x) is inverse of ƒ(x) x2  1
g(ƒ(x)) = x
x2 1
Now fog(x) –1
g c ƒ x .f c x 1 2
x 1 2
x 1
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

? Domain of fog(x) = \ – {–1, 1} 66. Answer (99)

And range of fog(x) = (– f , –1] ‰ (0, f )
2e2 x 2e22x
f x and f 1  x
d
fog x
1
· 2x
2x e2 x  e x e22 x  e1 x
2 2 2
Now, dx x2  1 1 x
f x  f 1 x
? 1
2
2x
d !0
? fog x ! 0 for 2 i.e. f(x) + f(1 – x) = 2
dx 1 x 1 x

§ 1 · § 2 · § 99 ·
x ? f¨ ¸f ¨ ¸  ....  f ¨ ¸
0 © 100 ¹ © 100 ¹ © 100 ¹
Ÿ 2
x 1 x 1
49
§ x · § x · § 1·
? x  f, 0 ¦ f¨
© 100 ¸  f ¨ 1  100 ¸  f ¨ 2 ¸
¹ © ¹ © ¹
x 1

d = 49 × 2 + 1 = 99
and fog x  0 for x  0, f
dx
67. Answer (190)
? fog(x) is neither one-one nor onto.
65. Answer (248) ­2n , n 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
' f(n) = ®
f(x + y) = 2x f(y) + 4y f(x) …(1) ¯2n  11, n 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

Now, f(y + x) 2y f(x) + 4x f(y) …(2) ? f(1) = 2, f(2) = 4, … , f(5) = 10

? 2 f(y) + 4 f(x) = 2 f(x) + 4 f(y)
x y y x and f(6) = 1, f(7) = 3, f(8) = 5, … , f(10) = 9
(4y – 2y) f(x) = (4x – 2x) f(y)
­n  1, if n is odd
Now, f(g(n)) = ®
f (x) f (y ) ¯n  1, if n is even
x x y y = k (Say)
4 2 4 2
? f(g(10)) = 9 Ÿ g(10) = 10
? f(x) = k(4x – 2x)
f(g(1)) = 2 Ÿ g(1) = 1
1
' f(2) = 3 then k = f(g(2)) = 1 Ÿ g(2) = 6
4
f(g(3)) = 4 Ÿ g(3) = 2
4 x – 2x
? f (x)
4 f(g(4)) = 3 Ÿ g(4) = 7

f(g(5)) = 6 Ÿ g(5) = 3
4 x ln 4  2 x ln 2
? fc(x) = ? g(10) (g(1) + g(2) + g(3) + g(4) + g(5)) = 190
4
68. Answer (4)
x x
(2.4  2 ) ln 2
f c( x ) n 1
4 When n = 1, 5, 9, 13 then will give all odd
2
numbers.
f c(4) 2.256  16
? When n = 3, 7, 11, 15 …
f c(2) 2.16  4
n – 1 will be even but not divisible by 4
f c(4) When n = 2, 4, 6, 8, …
? 14 248
f c(2)
ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) MATHEMATICS

Then 2n will give all multiples of 4 ? k = 0 and 2c = –3 Ÿ c = –3/2

So range will be N. x2 5x 1
f(x) =   5x  2x 2
And no two values of n give same y, so function is 2 4 4
one-one and onto. 20
2 § 5.20.21 2.20.21.41 ·
2¦ f i 
69. Answer (37) i 1 4 ¨© 2 6 ¸
¹
There are 16 ordered pairs in S × S. We write all 1
= 2730  5740
these ordered pairs in 4 sets as follows. 2
A = {(1, 1)} 6790
=  3395 .
B = {(1, 4), (2, 4), (3, 4) (4, 4), (4, 3), (4, 2), (4, 1)} 2

C = {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 3), (3, 2), (3, 1)} 71. Answer (4)
sinx = 1 – sin2x
D = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 1)}
Ÿ sin2x + sinx – 1 = 0
All elements of set B have image 4 and only element
of A has image 1. 1 r 5
Ÿ sin x
2
All elements of set C have image 3 or 4 and all
elements of set D have image 2 or 3 or 4. 1  5
Ÿ sin x
2
We will solve this question in two cases.
Case I : When no element of set C has image 3.
Number of onto functions = 2 (when elements of set
D have images 2 or 3)
Case II : When atleast one element of set C has
4 solutions
image 3.
72. Answer (3)
Number of onto functions = (23 – 1)(1 + 2 + 2) Number of solutions of the equation |cosx| = sinx for
= 35 x [ 4S, 4S] will be equal to 4 times the number of
solutions of the same equation for x[0, 2S].
Total number of functions = 37
Graphs of y = |cosx| and y = sinx are as shown
70. Answer (3395) below.
f(x) is polynomial
Put y = 1/x in given functional equation we get

§ 1· § 1·
f ¨x  ¸ f x  f ¨ ¸ 1
© x ¹ ©x¹

2
§ 1· 2 § 1·
Ÿ c  1 ¨ x  ¸  1  c ¨ x  ¸  2K
© x¹ © x¹ Hence, two solutions of given equation in [0, 2S]
Ÿ Total of 8 solutions in [–4S, 4S]
2 2
= c  1 x  1  c x  2K 73. Answer (4)
1 1
 c 1  1 c2  2K  1 f, g : N – {1} o1 defined as
x2 x
f(a) = D, where D is the maximum power of those
Ÿ 2(c + 1) = 2K – 1 …(1)
primes p such that pD divides a.
and put x = y = 0 we get
g(a) = a + 1,
f 0 2f 0 0 Ÿf 0 0Ÿk 0
Now, f(2) = 1, g(2) = 3 Ÿ (f + g) (2) = 4
MATHEMATICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

f(3) = 1, g(3) = 4 Ÿ (f + g) (3) = 5 x = 7 has 4 choices

f(4) = 2, g(4) = 5 Ÿ (f + g) (4) = 7 x = 8 has 5 choices
f(5) = 1, g(5) = 6 Ÿ (f + g) (5) = 7 x = 9 has 6 choices
' (f + g) (5) = (f + g) (4) ? Total functions = 2 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6
? f + g is not one-one = 1440

Now, ' fmin = 1, gmin = 3 75. Answer (1)

So, there does not exist any x  N – {1} such that § §1 n ··

(f + g)(x) = 1, 2, 3 f ¨ g ¨ ¦ f ai ¸ ¸
¨ ¨n ¸¸
© © i 1 ¹¹
? f + g is not onto
74. Answer (1440) a1  a2  a3  .....  an
0
n
A ^ x  N, x 2  10 x  9 d 0 `
? First and last term, second and second last and
^1, 2, 3, ......,9` so on are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.

B ^1, 4, 9, 16, ......` f (x) Dx 5  Ex 3  Jx

n
f x d x 3
2
1 ¦f ai D a15  a25  a35  .....  an5
i 1

f 1 d 5, f 2 d 2, ...........f 9 d 37  E a13  a23  .....  an3

 J a1  a2  .....  an
x = 1 has 2 choices
x = 2 has 1 choice = 0D + 0E + 0J
=0
x = 3 has 1 choice
x = 4 has 1 choice § §1 n ·· 1 n
? f ¨ g ¨ ¦ f ai ¸ ¸ ¦ f ai 0
x = 5 has 2 choices ¨ n ¨ ¸ ¸ ni 1
© © i 1 ¹¹
x = 6 has 3 choices

‰‰‰