Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2 views

    Ep2 PLC2024

    Uploaded by

    loverckwp

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ep2 PLC2024

    Uploaded by

    loverckwp
    2 views62 pages

    Original Title

    EP2_PLC2024

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views62 pages

    Ep2 PLC2024

    Uploaded by

    loverckwp

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 62

    PLC & IoT 2024

    Ep.2 : Basic Control


    &
    Simulation

    Uncle Engineer
    ลุงวิศวกร สอนคำนวณ
    Basics of Electrical Control

    ่
     ใช ้ในเครืองกลไฟฟ้ ่
    า, เกียวข ้องกับ starting
    acceleration, reversal, deceleration และ stopping
    ของโหลด
     ใช ้ในการควบคุมไฟฟ้ า (ไม่ใช่อเิ ล็กทรอนิ กส ์) ของโหลด
    ไฟฟ้ ากระแสสลับ
    ้
     อย่างไรก็ตาม หลักการพืนฐานสามารถใช ้ได ้กับระบบ
    ควบคุมทุกประเภท
    Control Diagrams
    ระบบควบคุมสามารถเขียน diagrams ได ้ 4 ประเภท

    ○ Block diagram

    ○ One-line diagram

    ○ Wiring diagram

    ○ Schematic diagram
    Control Diagrams
     Block diagram

     ่
    ประกอบด้วยสีเหลี ่
    ยมผื
    นผ้า โดยแต่ละอน ้ เกียวกั
    ั แสดงถึงอุปกรณ์ควบคุม พร ้อมด้วยคาอธิบายสันๆ ่ บฟั งก ์ช ัน
    ของอุปกรณ์นนๆ ้ั

     ่
    รู ปสีเหลี ่
    ยมผื ่
    นผ้าเชือมต่ ่ ทศ
    อกันด้วยลู กศรทีระบุ ิ ทางการทางานหรือสัญญาณ
    Control Diagrams
     One-line diagram

     คล้ายกับ Block diagram ส่วนประกอบต่าง ๆ จะแสดงด้วยสัญลักษณ์แทนรู ป


    ่
    สีเหลี ่
    ยมผืนผ้า

     สัญลักษณ์ชว
    ่ ยให้เราทราบถึงลักษณะของส่วนประกอบต่างๆ

    One-line diagram of a combination starter 5


    Control Diagrams
     Wiring diagram

    ่
     แสดงการเชือมต่
    อระหว่างส่วนประกอบ

    ้ ้เมือติ
     ไดอะแกรมเหล่านี ใช ่ ดตังอุ
    ้ ปกรณ์หรือเมือแก
    ่ ้ไขปัญหาวงจร

    6
    wiring diagram of a combination starter
    Control Diagrams
     Schematic diagram

    ่
     แสดงการเชือมต่ ้
    อไฟฟ้ าทังหมดระหว่
    างส่วนประกอบโดยไม่คานึ งถึงตาแหน่ งทางกายภาพ
    หรือการจัดเรียงขัว้

    ้ ความจาเป็ นเมือต
     ไดอะแกรมเหล่านี มี ่ ้องแก ้ไขปัญหาวงจรหรือวิเคราะห ์โหมดการทางาน
    ของวงจร

    7
    Schematic diagram of a combination starter
    อุปกรณ์ควบคุมหลัก
    อุปกรณ์ควบคุมหลัก

    A primary control device, such as a motor contactor, starter,


    or controller, connects the load to the line.
    A pilot control device, such as a relay or sensor contact which
    activates a power circuit, directs the operation of another device.
    TOGGLE
    SWITCHES
    A manually operated switch is one that is controlled
    by hand. The toggle switch is an example of a
    manually operated switch.
    Electrical ratings for all switches are expressed in
    terms of the maximum interrupting voltage and
    current they can safely handle.

    AC
    DC

    The AC current rating will be higher than


    its DC rating for an equivalent amount of
    voltage. One reason for this is that AC
    has current zeros twice a cycle reduces
    the likelihood of an electric arc forming
    across the contacts.
    PUSHBUTTON
    SWITCHES
    Pushbutton switches are commonly used in motor control applications to start
    and stop motors, as well as to control and override process functions.
    A pushbutton operates by pressing a button that opens or
    closes contacts.

    The N.O. pushbutton makes The N.C. pushbutton opens


    a circuit when it is pressed the circuit when it is
    and returns to its open pressed and returns to the
    position when the button is closed position when the
    released. button is released.
    With a break-make pushbutton the top section contacts are
    N.C. the bottom section contacts are N.O. When the button
    is pressed, the bottom contacts are closed after the top
    contacts open.
    Pushbuttons assemblies basically consist of an
    operator legend plate and contact block.
    The operator is the part of the pushbutton assembly that is pressed,
    pulled, or rotated to activate the pushbutton's contacts.

    Operators are come in many different colors, shapes,


    and sizes designed for specific control applications.
    Legend plates are the labels that are installed around a push button and
    identify its purpose. They come in many sizes, colors, and languages.

    Examples of label text include


    START, STOP, FWD, REV, JOG,
    UP, DOWN, ON, OFF, RESET,
    and RUN.
    Maintained type pushbutton operators require you
    to press and release the operator to switch the
    contacts to their "ON" state and to press and
    release the operator a second time to return the
    contacts to their "OFF" state.

    Maintained
    Contact
    Double Circuit
    Pushbutton
    Maintained type
    Symbol
    Emergency Stop
    switch
    Typical Emergency Stop Circuit

    In order to restart the motor after the emergency stop pushbutton


    has been activated you must first reset the emergency stop
    pushbutton and then press the start button.
    PILOT LIGHTS
    Pilot lights provide visual indication of the status for many motor controlled processes permitting personal
    at remote locations to observe the current state of the operation.
    Circuit for a start/stop pushbutton
    station with a pilot light connected to
    indicate when the starter is energized.
    If it is necessary for a pilot light to show when the starter is de-energized, a
    normally closed auxiliary contact may be attached to the starter.

    N.C.
    Auxiliary
    Contact
    Operated
    By Coil "M"

    Magnetic
    Starter
    Pilot lights are available in both full voltage and low voltage types.

    Connecting a
    step-down
    transformer to a
    standard pilot
    light reduces the
    48 V
    operating voltage
    to 24 V supplied to the
    600 v lamp.

    Also available are illuminated units


    utilizing integrated LED's (Light
    Emitting Diodes), which operate at 6 LED
    to 24-volt, AC or DC.
    SELECTOR
    SWITCH
    Selector switches are manually operated switches in which the operator handle
    is rotated (instead of pushed) to actuate the attached contact block.

    Three-position
    selector switch
    pump circuit
    ©2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
    Keyed selector switches require a special key for their operation. This
    allows only authorized personal actuate the switch and can serve as
    additional safety lockout for motors.

    Although keyed switches may be


    used in addition to standard lock
    out tag out procedures, under no
    circumstance should they be used
    in place of them.
    DRUM SWITCH
    A drum switch consists of a set of moving
    contacts mounted on and insulated from a rotating
    shaft.

    Insulated
    Shaft

    Movable Stationary
    Contacts Contacts
    Drum switches are used for starting and reversing 3ф squirrel-cage motors, 1ф motors that
    are designed for reversing service, and DC shunt and compound wound motors.

    Reversing the direction of rotation of 3ф


    T1 T2 T3 squirrel-cage motors is accomplished by
    interchanging any two of the three main
    power lines to the motor (T1-T2-T3).

    3ф
    MTR
    Three-phase
    motor
    reversing
    drum switch
    connections
    Control
    Fundamentals
    Hand On

    You might also like