Chapter – 1 – The Indian Constitution

I. Read the source given below and answer the question that follows:
The Indian Constitution allows individuals the freedom to live by their religious beliefs and
practices as they interpret these. In keeping with this idea of religious freedom for all, India also
adopted a strategy of separating the power of religion and the power of the state. Secularism refers
to this Separation of religion from the State. According to constitution only a Secular State can
realize its objectives to ensure that one religious community does not dominate another and also the
State does not enforce any particular religion nor take away the religious freedom of individuals. If
majority religious groups have access to State power, then it could quite easily use this power to
discriminate against persons of other religions. This tyranny of majority could result in the
discrimination, coercion and at times even the killing of religious minorities.

Q1 Which Fundamental Right upholds Secularism?

a) Right to equality
b) Right against exploitation.
c) Right to freedom of religion.
d) Right to vote.

Q2 Secularism states that:

a) State accepts only one religion.

b) State is against all religions.
c) Separation of state from religion.
d) All of the above.

Q3. What could the tyranny of majority result in?

a) Discrimination
b) Coercion
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above.

Q4. Which of the following is not the objective of a Secular State?

a) The State does not enforce any particular religion

b) One religious community dominate other
c) The State does not take away the religious freedom of individuals
d) Separation of Religion from the State.
II. Answer the following questions based on assertions and their reasons.
ASSERTION (A): Fundamental Rights are justiciable.
REASON(R): In case of violation of fundamental rights, one cannot move to court for protection of
these rights.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

III. Multiple choice questions:

1. The legislature is an organ of the state that:

a. Breaks law
b. Frames law
c. Executes law
d. All of the above
2. The key feature of Indian constitution includes:
a. Federalism, secularism
b. Secularism,, parliamentary form of government
c. Parliamentary form of government, federalism, secularism
d. Parliamentary form of government
3. What refers to independent people in a democratic form of government? a. Sovereign
b. Ideal
c. Republic
d. Democratic
IV. Fill in the blanks:
a) A written document in which we find rules formulated through consensus is called a .
b) The term refers to the existence of more than one level of government in
the country.
c) According to the Right , human trafficking, forced labour and children working under 14 years
of age is prohibited.
d) In Nepal, the monarchy ended in the year __________.
e) The constitution of a country tells us the of the society of that country.

V. Define the following terms:

1. Arbitrary
2. Tyranny
3. Sovereign
4. Federalism
5. Trafficking

VI. Answer the following questions:

Q1.What do you understand by monarchy?
Q2. What is democracy?
Q3. What is universal adult franchise?
Q4. Mention the key features of the Indian constitution.
Q5. State six Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution.
Q6. What are the three organs of government?
 APSK-22- WS-II- S.Sc- VIII

Chapter 2- Understanding Secularism NAME

_________________ ROLL NO.___________ SEC ______________

Q1. Tick the correct option.

i.What happened in Germany during Hitler’s rule?

a. Bombing of Nagasaki b. End of world war II c. Assasination of Mahatma gandhi

d. Killing of jews ii. Majority of the population of Israel is?

a.Christian b. Jewish c. Muslim d. No majority religion in Israel

iii. Indian constitution does not contain?

a.Equality b. Fundamental rights c. Reservations d. Discrimation iv.

Untochability? Is an ancient practice of

a. Hinduism b. Islam c. Christianity d.None of these

v. Where do Christians go for prayers?

a. Temple b.Church c. Mosque d. Gurudwara vi.

What is celebrated on 2nd October of every year?

a. Christmas day b. Children’s day c. Gandhi jayanti d. Diwali vii.

What can we do in government schools?

a. Sing the national songs b. Celebrate national festivals c. Celebrate

national festivals d. None of the above

Q2. Fill in the blanks.

i. Namaz is the form of prayer of___________________.

ii. Secularism is important for a country to function________________________. iii.

The intervention of the state can also be in the form of_______________________.

iv.The Indian state is not ruled by a_______________________ group and nor does it
_____________________ any one religion.

v. The force used by legal authority is __________________

Q3. Answer the following questions.

I Mention one objective of Secular state?

ii. What is meant by ‘principled distance’? iii.

What does the term secularism refer to? Iv How

are non –muslims treated in Saudi Arabia?

v. What do you mean by coercion?

vi. What is discrimination? vii. What happened in the Jewish state of

Israel? viii. Which type of state give you religious freedom?

 APSK-22-WS-I-S.Sc-VIII
Chapter-1- HOW, WHEN AND WHERE

NAME___________________________ ROLL NO. ___________ SEC_________

I. Multiple choice questions:

1. The British preserve official documents because:
a) The preserved documents reveal the progress made by the country in the past.
b) One can study the notes and reports which were prepared in the past.
c) Their copies may be made and used in modern times.
d) All of the above.
2. James Mill divided the Indian History into these three periods:
a) Hindu, Muslim and Sikh
b) Hindu , Muslim and British
c) Ancient, Medieval and Modern
d) Hindu , Muslim and Christian.
3. The sources that the historians use in writing about the past of Indian history was: a)
Administrative records
b) Surveys
c) Both a and b
d)None of the above
4. The National Archives of India was set up in:
a) 1920’s
b) 1930’s
c) 1940’s
d) 1950’s
5. Who produced the first map of India?
a) James Mill
b) James Rennel
c) William Bentick
d) None of the above
II. Answer the following question based on assertion and reason:
ASSERTION(A): The practice of surveying became common under the colonial adminstration.
REASON(R): The British believed that a country had to be properly known before it could be effectively
administered. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

III. Define the following terms:

1. Colonisation
2. Calligraphists
3. Archive
4. Museum

IV. True or False:

1. The author of the book “A History of British India” was James Mill.
 2. According to James Mill Hindu rule was capable of civilizing the Indian society.
3. Letters and memos that moved from one branch of administration to another in early 19 th century can still be
read in archives.
4. Lord Canning was the last viceroy of India.
5. Many historians refer British period in India as colonial period.

V. Answer the following questions:

1. Why did the British thought surveys were important for effective administration of country?
2. Why it is important to have dates to have dates or time frames while writing history?
3. Write a brief note on National Archives of India.
4. Apart from official records what are the other sources of information that is available to historians?
5. What does the census operations consist of?
 APSK-22- WS- II- S.Sc- VIII

Chapter 2- From Trade to Territory

NAME___________________________ ROLL NO. ___________ SEC_________

Q1. Tick the correct option.

i. The first English factory was set up in the year

a. 1600 b. 1665 c. 1651 d. 1655

ii. Which foreign power, from the given list was the last European power to enter India?

a. French b. Portuguese c. Chinese d. Dutch

iii. What do you call a business enterprise that makes profit primarily through trade, buying
goods cheap and selling them at higher process?

a. Non-commercial b. Exchange c. Mercantile d. Barter iv. Which

were the important spices that were in great demand in the European market?

a. Cumin, Aniseed b. Pepper, Cloves, Cardamom, Cinnamon

c. Garlic, Ginger, poppy seeds d. Coriander, Fenugreek

v. When was the battle of Plassey fought between the Nawab of Bengal and British?

a. On 23rd June 1757 b. On 23rd November 1757

c. On 23rd December 1757 d. On 23rd Sept 1757

vi. In which year did the East India Company acquire a charter as the sole traders with the East
from the ruler of England, Queen Elizabeth I?

a. 1700 b. 1200 c. 1600 d. 1500

vii. Three presidencies were established by the British with a Governor General for each.
Choose the three presidencies from the given list of options?

a. Madras, Calcutta, Delhi b. Madras, Bombay and Calcutta

c. Madras, Pondicherry, Calcutta d. Madras, Bombay and Delhi

viii. A list of historical events are given below, Choose the one you think marked the beginning
of the modern Age of Indian history?

a. Indian independence on 15th August 1947 b. Indus valley Civilisation

c. Birth of Mahatma Gandhi d. Death of the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb

Q2. Fill in the blanks.

i. The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of ___________________ . ii. Haider
All and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of ________________________. iii. Dalhousie
implemented the Doctrine of _______________________. iv. Maratha kingdoms were
located mainly in the part of _______________________ India.

v. Robert Clive committed suicide in the year__________________ .

vi. The Royal Charter could not prevent other European powers from entering the
______________________markets.

vii. _________________________was made the Nawab of Bengal after the defeat of

Sirajuddaulah at Plassey.

viii. _____________________ discovered the sea route to India in 1498.

Q3. Answer the following questions.

i. Define “subsidiary alliance”.

ii. What was Lord Dalhousie’s Doctrine of Lapse? iii. Name the Kingdoms which

were annexed on the basis of ‘Doctrine of Lapse’. iv. Why did Tipu Sultan develop a

close relationship with the French in India?

v. What was the main reason for the defeat of Sirajuddaulah at Plassey?

vi. Why did the Battle of Plassey become famous?

vii. How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company? viii. What were the

areas of conflict between the Bengal Nawabs and the East India Company? Q4. Identify

the pictures and name them-

APSK-22- WS-II- S.Sc- VIII

Chapter 2- Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

NAME_________________ ROLL NO.___________________ SEC______________

Q1. Tick the correct option.

 i.The total Earth’s Surface cover with water is about?

a. One-Fourth b. Two-third c. Thee-fourth d. One-third ii.

What are low-lying areas very susceptible to?

a.Earthquake b. landsliders c. flooding d. tsunamis

iii. Which of these physical features are best suited for living?

a. Plains and river valleys b. mountains c. deserts d. Lakes and river iv.

Which of these is example of community land?

a. The sunderban forests b. A bungalow c. The parliament house d. None of these

v. Which of these countries is mainly covered with forest land?

a. India b. USA c. brazil d. Both b and c

vi. Which of the following types of vegetation is common in fertile, level lands?

a. Forest b. Grasslands c. Manngroves d. Cultivated

crops vii. Earth Day is celebrated throughout the world on

a. 22 April b. 1 January c.31 March d. 22 July

viii. What is the percentage of usable water for human consumption?

a. 97 b. 12 c.1 d. 10

Q2. Fill in the blanks.

i. The process responsible for soil formation is called___________________.

ii. The percentage of freshwater on the earth is ________________________.

iii. The colour,texture etc of soil is determined by_______________________.

iv.Climatic factors influencing rate of weathering include _______________________ and

_____________________

v. 70% of fresh water exists as__________________

Q3. Answer the following questions.

i. Define Weathering?

ii. What is Soil? iii. Which factors are responsible for soil formation?

iv. Define water scarcity?

v. What is vegetation?
vi. What are the threatened species? vii. What is Soil? viii. List the physical

factors which determine the use of land?

 APSK-22-WS-II- S.Sc – VIII

Chapter – 1 – Resources.

NAME ____________________ ROLL NO. ________ SEC___________________

Multiple choice questions:

Q1. Resources which get renewed and replenished quickly are called as:

a) Renewable resources
b) Non-renewable resources
c) Actual resources
d) Potential resources

Q2. Using resources carefully and giving them time to renew is called as:

a) Sustainable development.
b) Human resource development.
c) Resource conversation.
d) None of the above.

Q3. With respect to resources, which of the following is not true?

a) Time and technology are two important factors that can change substances into resources.
b) Time and technology are related to the needs of people
c) People are not considered as an important resource.
d) People’s ideas, knowledge, inventions lead to the creation of more resources.

Q4. Resources that are derived from living things are called as

a) Biotic resources
b) Abiotic resources.
c) Renewable
d) Non- renewable.

Q5. Which one of the following is an inexhaustible resource?

a) Coal
b) Sunlight
c) Petroleum
d) LPG
Answer the following questions based on assertions and their reasons.

Assertion (A): Anything that can be used to satisfy need is called a resource.
Reason(R): Coal, petroleum, plants, water- All these are resources because they satisfy our needs.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.

True or False.
a) Water, Air, Soil, Minerals and natural vegetation are all natural resources.
b) Coal, Natural Gas, Petroleum is inexhaustible resources.
c) Physical factors like soil, climate and altitude are responsible for the distribution of natural
resources.
d) Biotic resources include rivers, mountains, deserts etc.
e) Careful usage of natural usage is called conservation of resources.

Define the following terms:

1. Sustainable Development
2. Patent
3. Technology
4. Stock of resource
5. Non-renewable resource.

Answer the following questions:

Q1. Write the difference between renewable and non-renewable resource.
Q2. Write the difference between natural and human made resources.
Q3. “Human beings are the most valuable resources of the world.” Explain.
Q4. Non-renewable resources are limited and can be exhausted. As a responsible individual, how can
you contribute towards conserving such resources? Q5. Write the five principles of sustainable
development.